Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 150 views

    Liquefied Petroleum Gas

    Uploaded by

    jacuzzis
    LPG, or liquefied petroleum gas, is a mixture of propane and butane gases that can be liquefied under moderate pressure for storage and transport. It is colorless, odorless, and slightly heavier than air. LPG is extracted from oil and gas production or obtained through oil refining. It is used widely as a fuel for cooking, heating, vehicles, and other applications due to its clean burning properties and portability in pressurized containers. Butane and propane are mixed together because they have similar properties that allow the mixture to be liquefied over a range of temperatures and vapor pressures required by end users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Liquefied Petroleum Gas

    Uploaded by

    jacuzzis
    150 views2 pages
    LPG, or liquefied petroleum gas, is a mixture of propane and butane gases that can be liquefied under moderate pressure for storage and transport. It is colorless, odorless, and slightly heavier than air. LPG is extracted from oil and gas production or obtained through oil refining. It is used widely as a fuel for cooking, heating, vehicles, and other applications due to its clean burning properties and portability in pressurized containers. Butane and propane are mixed together because they have similar properties that allow the mixture to be liquefied over a range of temperatures and vapor pressures required by end users.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    LPG, or liquefied petroleum gas, is a mixture of propane and butane gases that can be liquefied under moderate pressure for storage and transport. It is colorless, odorless, and slightly heavier than air. LPG is extracted from oil and gas production or obtained through oil refining. It is used widely as a fuel for cooking, heating, vehicles, and other applications due to its clean burning properties and portability in pressurized containers. Butane and propane are mixed together because they have similar properties that allow the mixture to be liquefied over a range of temperatures and vapor pressures required by end users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    150 views2 pages

    Liquefied Petroleum Gas

    Uploaded by

    jacuzzis
    LPG, or liquefied petroleum gas, is a mixture of propane and butane gases that can be liquefied under moderate pressure for storage and transport. It is colorless, odorless, and slightly heavier than air. LPG is extracted from oil and gas production or obtained through oil refining. It is used widely as a fuel for cooking, heating, vehicles, and other applications due to its clean burning properties and portability in pressurized containers. Butane and propane are mixed together because they have similar properties that allow the mixture to be liquefied over a range of temperatures and vapor pressures required by end users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Liquefied Petroleum Gas

    What is LPG or LP Gas?


    LPG or LP Gas is the abbreviation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas. This group of products
    includes saturated Hydrocarbons - Propane (C3H8) and Butane (C4H10), which can be
    stored/transported separately or as a mixture. They exist as gases at normal room
    temperature and atmospheric pressure.

    Why is it called Liquefied Petroleum Gas?


    This is because these gases liquefy under moderate pressure. They liquefy at moderate
    pressures, readily vaporizing upon release of pressure. It is this property that permits
    transportation of and storage of LP Gas in concentrated liquid form.

    Where does LPG come from?


    LPG comes from two sources. It can be obtained from the refining of crude oil. When
    produced this way it is generally in pressurized form. LPG is also extracted from natural gas
    or crude oil streams coming from underground reservoirs. 60% of LPG in the world today is
    produced this way whereas 40% of LPG is extracted from refining of crude oil.

    What is commercial Propane & Butane?


    Ideally products referred to as "propane" and "butane" consist very largely of these
    saturated hydrocarbons; but during the process of extraction/production certain allowable
    unsaturated hydrocarbons like ethylene, propylene, butylenes etc. may be included in the
    mixture along with pure propane and butane. The presence of these in moderate amounts
    would not affect LPG in terms of combustion but may affect other properties slightly (such
    as corrosiveness or gum formation).

    How is LPG seen & felt?


    • It is colorless and cannot be seen
    • It is odorless. Hence LPG is odorized by adding an odorant prior to supply to the
    user, to aid the detection of any leaks.
    • It is slightly heavier than air and hence if there is a leak it flows to lower lying areas.
    • In liquid form, its density is half that of water and hence it floats initially before it is
    vaporized.
    • It is non-toxic but can cause asphyxiation in very high concentrations in air.

    LPG expands upon release and 1 liter of liquid will form approximately 250 liters of vapor

    What is LPG used for?


    LPG is used as a fuel for domestic (cooking), industrial, horticultural, agricultural, heating
    and drying processes. LPG can be used as an automotive fuel or as a propellant for
    aerosols, in addition to other specialist applications. LPG can also be used to provide
    lighting through the use of pressure lanterns.
    Why are Butane and Propane used in combination?
    While butane and propane are different chemical compounds, their properties are similar
    enough to be useful in mixtures. Butane and Propane are both saturated hydrocarbons.
    They do not react with other. Butane is less volatile and boils at 0.6 deg C. Propane is more
    volatile and boils at - 42 deg C. Both products are liquids at atmospheric pressure when
    cooled to temperatures lower than their boiling points. Vaporization is rapid at temperatures
    above the boiling points. The calorific (heat) values of both are almost equal. Both are thus
    mixed together to attain the vapor pressure that is required by the end user and depending
    on the ambient conditions. If the ambient temperature is very low propane is preferred to
    achieve higher vapor pressure at the given temperature.

    What are the advantages of LPG?


    The advantages of LPG are as follows

    • Because of its relatively fewer components, it is easy to achieve the correct fuel to
    air mix ratio that allows the complete combustion of the product. This gives LPG its
    clean burning characteristics.
    • Both Propane and Butane are easily liquefied and stored in pressure containers.
    These properties make the fuel highly portable, and hence, can be easily transported
    in cylinders or tanks to end-users.
    • LPG is a good substitute for petrol in spark ignition engines. Its clean burning
    properties, in a properly tuned engine, give reduced exhaust emissions, extended
    lubricant and spark plug life.
    • As a replacement for aerosol propellants and refrigerants, LPG provides alternatives
    to fluorocarbons, which are known to cause deterioration of the earth's ozone layer.

    The clean burning properties and portability of LPG provide a substitute for traditional fuels
    such as wood, coal, and other organic matter. This provides a solution to de-forestation and
    the reduction of particulate matter in the atmosphere (haze), caused by burning the
    traditional fuels.

    What are LPG properties?


    Commercial Commercial Mixture 50%
    Property Units
    Propane Butane each
    Specific gravity of Liquid
    0.504 0.582 0.543
    at 15 deg C (Water=1)
    Specific gravity of Vapor
    1.5 2.01 1.75
    at 15 deg C(Air=1)
    Vapor pressure at 38 Kg/sq.cm
    13.8 2.6 8.0
    deg C
    Boiling point at atm Deg C
    - 42 9 + 9 to - 42
    pressure
    Ignition temperature in air Deg C 495-605 480-535 480-605
    Latent Heat of Btu/lb
    184 167 175
    Vaporization

    http://www.e-lpg.com/lp_gas.asp

    You might also like