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    Module 4 B

    Uploaded by

    Bu Dak
    This document provides examples and explanations of induction motor equivalent circuit parameters and calculations using data from no-load and locked rotor tests. It includes 9 example problems demonstrating how to: 1) determine rotor speed and copper loss from power input; 2) calculate equivalent circuit parameters from test data; 3) determine motor speed from power inputs and losses; 4) calculate equivalent rotor frequency; 5) determine torque loss from friction; 6) calculate output torque; 7) determine total losses and efficiency; 8) evaluate efficiency at rated load; and 9) calculate equivalent rotor copper loss.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Module 4 B

    Uploaded by

    Bu Dak
    727 views24 pages
    This document provides examples and explanations of induction motor equivalent circuit parameters and calculations using data from no-load and locked rotor tests. It includes 9 example problems demonstrating how to: 1) determine rotor speed and copper loss from power input; 2) calculate equivalent circuit parameters from test data; 3) determine motor speed from power inputs and losses; 4) calculate equivalent rotor frequency; 5) determine torque loss from friction; 6) calculate output torque; 7) determine total losses and efficiency; 8) evaluate efficiency at rated load; and 9) calculate equivalent rotor copper loss.

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    Module 4 b PPT

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    This document provides examples and explanations of induction motor equivalent circuit parameters and calculations using data from no-load and locked rotor tests. It includes 9 example problems demonstrating how to: 1) determine rotor speed and copper loss from power input; 2) calculate equivalent circuit parameters from test data; 3) determine motor speed from power inputs and losses; 4) calculate equivalent rotor frequency; 5) determine torque loss from friction; 6) calculate output torque; 7) determine total losses and efficiency; 8) evaluate efficiency at rated load; and 9) calculate equivalent rotor copper loss.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    727 views24 pages

    Module 4 B

    Uploaded by

    Bu Dak
    This document provides examples and explanations of induction motor equivalent circuit parameters and calculations using data from no-load and locked rotor tests. It includes 9 example problems demonstrating how to: 1) determine rotor speed and copper loss from power input; 2) calculate equivalent circuit parameters from test data; 3) determine motor speed from power inputs and losses; 4) calculate equivalent rotor frequency; 5) determine torque loss from friction; 6) calculate output torque; 7) determine total losses and efficiency; 8) evaluate efficiency at rated load; and 9) calculate equivalent rotor copper loss.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    ELEN 30104

    Module 4
    Polyphase Induction Motor
    Machine equivalent circuit

    2
    3
    4
    5
    Equivalent circuit parameters from Test Data

    Equivalent circuit of the induction motor by the one shown in the figure
    which can be obtained from the following two sets.

    6
    No-Load Test

    7
    8
    Locked Rotor Test

    9
    10
    Power Stages in an Induction Motor

    11
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    1. The rotor of a 3 phase, 60 Hz, 4 pole induction motor takes 120 kW at 3 Hz.
    Determine (a) the rotor speed and (b) the rotor copper loss.
    Given:
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 120 𝑘𝑤 𝑓𝑠 = 60 𝐻𝑧 𝑓𝑟 = 3 𝐻𝑧 𝑃 = 4
    Solution:
    𝑓𝑟 𝑁𝑠− 𝑁𝑟 𝑓 120𝑓𝑠 𝑓 120 60 3
    a. = −−−→ 𝑁𝑟 = 𝑁𝑠 1 − 𝑓𝑟 = 1 − 𝑓𝑟 = 1 − 60 = 1710 𝑟𝑝𝑚
    𝑓𝑠 𝑁𝑠 𝑠 𝑃 𝑠 4

    b. 𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚, 𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 + 𝑃𝑚 = 𝑠 𝑃𝑟 + 1 − 𝑠 𝑃𝑟


    3
    𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 𝑠 𝑃𝑟 = 120 = 6 𝑘𝑊
    60
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    2. The results of no-load and blocked rotor tests on a 3 phase, wye connected
    induction motor are as follows:
    no-load test: line-to-line voltage= 400 V
    input power=1,770 W
    input current= 18.5 A
    friction and windage loss= 600 W
    locked rotor test: line to line voltage=45 V
    input power= 2,700 W
    input current= 63 A
    Determine the parameters of the approximate equivalent circuit.
    Solution:
    From no-load test:
    400
    𝑉𝑜 = = 230.947 𝑉 𝑃𝑚 = 𝑃𝑓𝑤 + 𝑃𝑜 −−−→ 𝑃𝑜 = (𝑃𝑚 −𝑃𝑓𝑤 )/3
    3
    1770 − 600
    = = 390𝑊 𝐼𝑜 = 18.5 𝐴
    3
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    𝑉𝑜2 230.947 2
    𝑅𝑚 = = = 136.8 𝑜ℎ𝑚
    𝑃𝑜 390
    𝑆𝑜 = 𝑉𝑜 𝐼𝑜 = 230.947 18.5 = 4272.519 𝑉𝐴
    𝑉𝑜 2 𝑉𝑜 2 230.947 2
    𝑋𝑚 = = = = 12.5 𝑜ℎ𝑚
    𝑄𝑜 2
    𝑆𝑜 − 𝑃𝑜 2 2
    4272.519 − 390 2

    From locked rotor test:


    𝑉𝑠 = 45 𝑉 𝐼𝑠 = 63 𝐴 𝑃𝑠 = 2700 𝑊
    𝑆𝑠 = 𝑉𝑠 𝐼𝑠 = 45 63 = 2835 𝑉𝐴
    𝑃𝑠 2700
    𝑅𝑒 = 2 = 2
    = 0.23 𝑜ℎ𝑚
    3𝐼𝑠 3(63 )
    𝑄𝑠 𝑆𝑠2 − 𝑃𝑠2 2835 2 − (27002 )
    𝑋𝑒 = 2 = 2 = 2 = 0.34 𝑜ℎ𝑚
    3𝐼𝑠 3𝐼𝑠 3(63 )
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    3. A 10 hp (nameplate), 6 pole, 60 Hz, three phase induction motor delivers 9.9 hp
    with an input of 9,200 watts. The core loss is 450 W. The stator copper loss is 650
    watts and the rotational losses is 150 watts. What is the motor speed?
    Given:
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 9.9 ℎ𝑝 𝑃 = 6 𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 9200 𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑜 = 450 𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 = 650 𝑊 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 150 𝑊
    Solution:
    𝑃𝑚 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 9.9 746 + 150 = 7535.4 𝑊
    𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜 + 𝑃𝑟 −−→ 𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑖𝑛 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜 = 9200 − 650 + 450 = 8100 𝑊
    7535.4
    𝑃𝑚 = 1 − 𝑠 𝑃𝑟 −−→ 𝑠 = 1 − = 0.0697
    8100
    120 60
    𝑁𝑟 = 1 − 0.0697 = 1116.36 𝑟𝑝𝑚
    6
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    4. Using the data of number 3, what is the equivalent rotor frequency?
    Given:
    𝑓𝑠 = 60 𝐻𝑧 𝑠 = 0.0697
    Solution:
    𝑓𝑟 = 𝑠 𝑓𝑠 = 0.0697 60 = 4.182 𝐻𝑧
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    5. Using the data of number 3, what is the torque loss by friction?
    Given:
    746 𝑊
    𝑓𝑠 = 60 𝐻𝑧 𝑠 = 0.0697 𝑃𝑟 = 8100 𝑊 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 9.9 ℎ𝑝 𝑥 = 7087 𝑊
    1 ℎ𝑝
    𝑁𝑟 = 1116.36 𝑟𝑝𝑚
    Solution:
    120(60) 9.55𝑃𝑟 9.55 8100
    𝑁𝑠 = = 1200 𝑟𝑝𝑚 𝑇𝑚 = 𝑇𝑑𝑒𝑣 = = = 64.4625 𝑁. 𝑚
    6 𝑁𝑠 1200
    9.55𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 9.55 7087
    𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 = = = 60.6264 𝑁. 𝑚
    𝑁𝑟 1116.36
    𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚,
    𝑇𝑚 = 𝑇𝑓𝑤 + 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 −−−→ 𝑇𝑓𝑤 = 𝑇𝑚 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 64.4625 − 60.6264 = 3.8361 𝑁. 𝑚
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    6. A 10-hp, 4-pole, 25 Hz, 3-phase induction motor is 9100 watts from the line. Core
    loss is 290 watt: stator copper loss is 568 watts: rotor copper loss is 445 watts and the
    friction and windage loss is 121 watts. Determine the output torque in newton meters.
    Given:
    𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 9100 𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑜 = 290 𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 = 568 𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 445 𝑊 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 121 𝑊
    Solution:
    𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑖𝑛 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜 = 9100 − 568 + 290 = 8242 𝑊
    𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 + 𝑃𝑚 −−−→ 𝑃𝑚 = 𝑃𝑟 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 8242 − 445 = 7797 𝑊
    𝑃𝑚 = 𝑃𝑓𝑤 + 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 −−−→ 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑃𝑚 − 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 7797 − 121 = 7676 𝑊
    𝑜𝑟 𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 + 𝑃𝑓𝑤 −−−→ 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑃𝑖𝑛 − 𝑃𝑐𝑜 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 − 𝑃𝑓𝑤
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 9100 − 290 − 568 − 445 − 121 = 7676 𝑊
    𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 445
    𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 𝑠𝑃𝑟 −−−→ 𝑠 = = = 0.0539
    𝑃𝑟 8242
    120 25
    𝑁𝑟 = 1 − 0.0539 = 709.575 𝑟𝑝𝑚
    4
    9.55𝑃 9.55𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 9.55 7676
    𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑇 = 𝑁. 𝑚 −−→ 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 = = = 103.3 𝑁. 𝑚
    𝑁 𝑁𝑟 709.575
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    7. Using the data of number 6, what is the total losses and the overall efficiency of
    the motor?
    Solution:

    𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 = 𝑃𝑐𝑜 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 + 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 290 + 568 + 445 + 121 = 1424 𝑊
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 7676
    𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 = 𝑥100 = 𝑥100 = 84.352 %
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑃𝑖𝑛 7676 + 1424
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    8. A 40 hp, 230 V, 8 pole, 25 Hz, three-phase induction motor is running at 355 rpm
    at rated load. The torque lost by friction is 24 N.m. If the stator losses amount to
    1,000 W, evaluate the efficiency of the motor at this load.
    Given:
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 40 ℎ𝑝 𝑃 = 8 𝑓𝑠 = 25 𝐻𝑧 𝑁𝑟 = 355 𝑟𝑝𝑚 𝑇𝑓𝑤 = 24 𝑁. 𝑚
    𝑃𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑠 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜 = 1000 𝑊
    Solution:
    9.55(40)(746)
    𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 = = 802.74 𝑁. 𝑚
    355
    𝑇𝑚 = 802.74 + 24 = 826.74 𝑁. 𝑚
    120(25) 9.55𝑃𝑟 𝑇𝑚 𝑁𝑆 826.74 375
    𝑁𝑠 = = 375 𝑟𝑝𝑚 𝑇𝑚 = −−−→ 𝑃𝑟 = = = 32463.6 𝑊
    8 𝑁𝑠 9.55 9.55
    𝑃𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝑃𝑟 + 𝑃𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 32463.6 + 1000 = 33463.6 𝑊
    40(746)
    𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = 𝑥100 = 89.17%
    33463.6
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    9. If the equivalent rotational losses of the motor in number 8 is 1200 W, what is its
    equivalent rotor copper loss?
    Given:
    746 𝑊
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 40 ℎ𝑝 𝑥 = 29840 𝑊
    1 ℎ𝑝
    𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 1200 𝑊
    Solution:
    𝑃𝑚 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑃𝑓𝑤 = 29840 + 1200 = 31040 𝑊
    𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑚 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 −−−→ 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 𝑃𝑟 − 𝑃𝑚 = 32463.6 − 31040 = 1423.6 𝑊
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    10. The rotor of a 220-V, 60 Hz, 4 pole induction motor has a power input of 80 kw is
    observed that the rotor emf makes 90 cycles per minute. Calculate the gross
    mechanical power developed and rotor copper loss.
    Given:
    90 𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒
    𝑃𝑟 = 80 𝑘𝑊 𝑓𝑠 = 60 𝑐𝑝𝑠 𝑓𝑟 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒
    𝑥 60 𝑠𝑒𝑐
    = 1.5 𝑐𝑝𝑠

    Solution:
    1.5
    𝑠= = 0.025
    60
    𝑃𝑚 = 80 1 − 0.025 = 78 𝑘𝑊 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑟 = 80 − 78 = 80 0.025 = 2 𝑘𝑊
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    11. Using the data of number 10,determine the rotor speed at this instant.
    Given:
    𝑃 = 4 𝑠 = 0.025
    Solution:
    120 60
    𝑁𝑟 = 1 − 0.025 = 1755 𝑟𝑝𝑚
    4
    EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
    12. Two wattmeter is used to test a 25 hp, 230 V, 1800 rpm, 60 cycle, 3 phase
    induction motor. When the line voltages are 230 V, one wattmeter reads+13400 W and
    the other +7400 W. Determine the motor line current.
    Given:
    746 𝑊
    𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 25 ℎ𝑝 𝑥 = 18650 𝑊 𝑉𝑙𝑙 = 230 𝑉 𝑊1 = 13400 𝑊 𝑊2 = 7400 𝑊
    1 ℎ𝑝
    Solution:
    𝑊1 − 𝑊2 𝑊1 − 𝑊2
    tan 𝜃 = 3 −−−→ 𝜃 = tan−1 ( 3 )
    𝑊1 + 𝑊2 𝑊1 + 𝑊2
    13400 − 7400
    𝜃 = tan−1( 3 ) = 26.54𝑜
    13400 + 7400
    18650
    𝐼𝑙 = = 58.4 𝐴
    3 𝑥230𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠26.54

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