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Programming Logic With Java - Conditionals and Control Flow Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document discusses different types of conditional statements and logical operators in Java including if/else statements, else if statements, nested conditional statements, AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!) operators. It provides examples of how to use each one and the order of evaluation when multiple operators are used in an expression.

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ilias ahmed
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Available Formats
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63 views

Programming Logic With Java - Conditionals and Control Flow Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document discusses different types of conditional statements and logical operators in Java including if/else statements, else if statements, nested conditional statements, AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!) operators. It provides examples of how to use each one and the order of evaluation when multiple operators are used in an expression.

Uploaded by

ilias ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cheatsheets / Programming Logic with Java

Conditionals and Control Flow


if Statement
An if statement executes a block of code when a
specified boolean expression is evaluated as true . if (true) {
    System.out.println("This code
executes");
}
// Prints: This code executes

if (false) {
    System.out.println("This code does not
execute");
}
// There is no output for the above
statement

else Statement
The else statement executes a block of code when the
condition inside the if statement is false . The else boolean condition1 = false;
statement is always the last condition.
if (condition1){
    System.out.println("condition1 is
true");
}
else{
    System.out.println("condition1 is not
true");
}
// Prints: condition1 is not true
else if Statements
else - if statements can be chained together to check
multiple conditions. Once a condition is true , a code int testScore = 76;
block will be executed and the conditional statement will char grade;
be exited.
There can be multiple else - if statements in a single
if (testScore >= 90) {
conditional statement.
  grade = 'A';
} else if (testScore >= 80) {
  grade = 'B';
} else if (testScore >= 70) {
  grade = 'C';
} else if (testScore >= 60) {
  grade = 'D';
} else {
  grade = 'F';
}

System.out.println("Grade: " + grade); //


Prints: C

Nested Conditional Statements


A nested conditional statement is a conditional statement
nested inside of another conditional statement. The outer boolean studied = true;
conditional statement is evaluated first; if the condition is boolean wellRested = true;
true , then the nested conditional statement will be
evaluated.
if (wellRested) {
  System.out.println("Best of luck
today!");  
  if (studied) {
    System.out.println("You are prepared
for your exam!");
  } else {
    System.out.println("Study before your
exam!");
  }
}

// Prints: Best of luck today!


// Prints: You are prepared for your exam!
AND Operator
The AND logical operator is represented by && . This
operator returns true if the boolean expressions on System.out.println(true && true); //
both sides of the operator are true ; otherwise, it returns Prints: true
false . System.out.println(true && false); //
Prints: false
System.out.println(false && true); //
Prints: false
System.out.println(false && false); //
Prints: false

The OR Operator
The logical OR operator is represented by || . This
operator will return true if at least one of the boolean System.out.println(true || true); //
expressions being compared has a true value; Prints: true
otherwise, it will return false . System.out.println(true || false); //
Prints: true
System.out.println(false || true); //
Prints: true
System.out.println(false || false); //
Prints: false

NOT Operator
The NOT logical operator is represented by ! . This
operator negates the value of a boolean expression. boolean a = true;
System.out.println(!a); // Prints: false

System.out.println(!true) // Prints: true


Conditional Operators - Order of Evaluation
If an expression contains multiple conditional operators,
the order of evaluation is as follows: Expressions in boolean foo = true && (!false || true); //
parentheses -> NOT -> AND -> OR. true
/*
(!false || true) is evaluated first
because it is contained within
parentheses.

Then !false is evaluated as true because


it uses the NOT operator.

Next, (true || true) is evaluation as


true.

Finally, true && true is evaluated as true


meaning foo is true. */

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