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MATH207 - Assignment 1

1. Solve various first order differential equations and initial value problems involving exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions. 2. Develop mathematical models and solve related problems for exponential growth, airplane takeoff speed, sugar inversion rate, Newton's law of cooling, current in an RC circuit, and drug injection into the bloodstream. 3. Find the integrating factor for a differential equation of the form M(x,y)dx + N(x,y)dy = 0 and use it to solve the given equation (x + xy)dx + (y - xy)dy = 0.

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173 views

MATH207 - Assignment 1

1. Solve various first order differential equations and initial value problems involving exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions. 2. Develop mathematical models and solve related problems for exponential growth, airplane takeoff speed, sugar inversion rate, Newton's law of cooling, current in an RC circuit, and drug injection into the bloodstream. 3. Find the integrating factor for a differential equation of the form M(x,y)dx + N(x,y)dy = 0 and use it to solve the given equation (x + xy)dx + (y - xy)dy = 0.

Uploaded by

Bino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject: Math 207 - Differential Equations and Complex Variables

Homework – 1 (Linear First order ODE)


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1. Solve the following first order differential equations, Initial value problems (Show the details of the
work):

(a) 2xydx + x2 dy = 0 (i) y 0 + x2 = x2 e3y


(b) (x2 y − 2xy 2 )dx = (x3 − 3x2 y)dy (j) xy 0 + y = y 2 log x
xdy−ydx
(c) xdx + ydy + x2 +y 2 =0 (k) (xy 3 + y)dx + 2(x2 y 2 + x + y 4 )dy = 0
(d) y 0 + y sin x = e cos x (l) y 0 = 2(y − 1) tanh 2x, y(0) = 0
(e) (2 cos y + 4x2 )dx = x sin ydy (m) xy 0 = y + x2 sec(y/x), y(1) = π
(f) y 0 + xy = xy −1 (n) 3y 2 dx + xdy = 0, y(1) = 1/2
(g) 2x tan ydx + sec2 ydy = 0 (o) ex y 0 = 2(x + 1)y 2 , y(0) = 1/6
y
√
(h) y 0 + 3 = 13 (1 − 2x)y 4 (p) 2yy 0 + y 2 sin x = sin x, y(0) = 2

2. Mathematical Modeling (Develop a mathematical model and solve related problems):


(a) (Exponential Growth): If relatively small populations are left undisturbed, then the time
rate of growth is proportional to the population present. If in a culture of yeast the rate of
growth y 0 (t) is proportional to the amount present y(t) at time t, and if y(t) doubles in 1 day,
how much can be expected after 3 days at the same rate of growth? After 1 week?
(b) (Airplane takeoff ): An airplane taking off from a landing field has a run of 2 kilometers. If
the plane starts with a speed of 10 meters/sec, moves with constant acceleration, and makes
the run in 50 sec, with what speed does it take off? What happens if the acceleration is 1.5
meters/sec2 .
(c) (Sugar Inversion): Experiments show that rate of inversion of cane sugar in dilute solution
is proportional to the concentration y(t) of unaltered sugar. Let the concentration at t = 0
and at t = 4 hours. Find y(t).
(d) (Newton’s Law of Cooling): Experiments show that the time rate of change of the tem-
perature T of a body is proportional to the difference between T and the temperature TA
of the surrounding medium. A thermometer, reading 5◦ C , is brought into a room whose
temperature is 22◦ C. One minute later the thermometer reading is 12◦ C. How long does it
take until the reading is practically 22◦ C, say, 21.9◦ C.
(e) (Current): Find the current I(t) in the RC circuit, assuming that E = 100 volts, C = 0.25
farad, R is variable according to R = (200 − t) ohms when 0 ≤ t ≤ 200 sec, R = 0 when
t > 200.
(f) (Current): If a electromotive force of 160 cos 5t is impressed on a series circuit composed of
a 20 Ω resistor and a 10−1 H inductor, then find the steady state and transient current in the
circuit.
(g) (Drug injection) Find and solve the model for drug injection into the bloodstream if, be-
ginning at t = 0, a constant amount A gm/min is injected and the drug is simultaneously
removed at a rate proportional to the amount of the drug present at time t.
∂M
∂M − ∂N
3. If M (x, y)dx + N (x, y)dy = 0 is any differential equation with ∂y 6= ∂N
∂x and ∂y
M +N
∂x
= h(w) where
R
h(w)dw
w = x − y, then show that the integrating factor is F (x, y) = e . Find the integrating factor
and solve (x + xy)dx + (y − xy)dy = 0.
4. Find orthogonal trajectories for the following:
√
(a) y = x+c (c) y = x + ce−x
x2 y2
(b) (x − c)2 + y 2 = c2 (d) a + a−λ =1

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