Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

‫يم‬
ِِ ‫الر ِح‬
َ ِ‫ن‬ِِ ‫الرحْ َم‬
َ ِ‫ّللا‬
َِِ ِ‫س ِِم‬
ْ ‫ِب‬

INTRODUCTION

All praise to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and peace and salutations to our leader, the
Prophet Mohammad, and to his family and companions, and those who follow them
in benevolence until the Day of Resurrection. And further:

Qur'an is the Book of guidance for whole mankind. Qur'an is the guidance for every
aspect of life. Qur'an is the Divine book towards which Muslims turn when there is
problem because Qur'an has the solution to every problem. Recitation of Qur'an
brings reward from Allah; it also brings other benefits in the form of the cleansing of
the heart, a chance of communication with Allah and thus becoming a better Muslim.

The Noble Qur'an is a highly admired Book of Allah that requires proper
understanding and recitation. Indeed the Book of Allah is not a book like any other, it
is the timeless Speech of Allah, not a created thing, and the study guide for life and
death and what comes after. Therefore it deserves a more careful study than anyone
else’s speech. So, as a Muslim, we should recite Qur'an daily with better
understanding and proper recitation so that we can earn Allah’s blessings in this life
and the hereafter.

This book includes the rules of Abu Ja'far narration. My target in writing this book is
to help the readers to learn the rules of Abu Ja'far in an easy and simple way; so the
rules in this book are written out in a simplified way away from lengthening. Hope the
readers understand Abu Ja'far rules clearly without any sort of confusion.

I ask Allah, the Exalted, to benefit all those who read this book and to spread the
knowledge they learn all over the world.

May Allah accepts our deeds and shower blessings on us and on our prophet,
Mohammed, and to his family and all of his companions, and all praises to Allah, the
Lord of the worlds.

The servant of the Qur'an

Marwa El Gindy

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

BIOGRAPHY
Name: Marwa El Gindy

Education:

• Certified from Maahad El Qiraat in Qiraat Sughra and Kubra, Azhar University.
• Certificate in Islamic studies (Maahad Al Alameen).

Ijazah:

Ijazah with a sanad related to the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the
following:
• Ten Qiraat sughra in the way of Shatibiyyah and Dorra from Dr. Aly Bin
Mohamed Tawfeek Bin Aly Al Nahhas.
• Ten Qiraat sughra in the way of Shatibiyyah and Doraa from Dr. Sheikh Mesbah
Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Mohamed Ibn Aly Wedn El Desouky.
• Ten Qiraat sughra in the way of Shatibiyyah and Dorra from Sheikh Ahmed Galil
AlBarry.
• Ten Qiraat sughra in the way of Shatibiyyah and Dorra from Sheikha Tanathor
Mohamed Mostafa El Nagouly.
• Assem narration (Hafs and Shu'bah) from Dr. Aly Bin Mohamed Tawfeek Bin
Aly Al Nahhas.
• Hafs An Aasem narrarion from Sheikh Hamada Bin Sulayman Bin Abdel Aal Bin
Sulayman.
• “Qaloon”, "Ibn Katheer", “El Kesaey”, “Abou Gaafar” and “Khalaf Al Aasher”
in the way of Shatibiyyah from Sheikh Mohamed Bin Mohamed Bin Ahmed Bin
Mohamaden known as “Al Monshed”.
• “Warsh”, “Abou Amr”and “Khalaf from Imam Hamza” in the way of
Shatibiyyah from sheikha Hoda Bin Fathy Bin Mohamed Bin Abdel Aal.
• Ijazah in Nuraniyah.
Additional info:

• Teaches Qur'an memorization, recitation and tajweed in mosques, Islamic centers

and online.
• Teaches Qur'an recitation in English in “Work-for-hereafter”.

Contact info:

• Skype ID: marwa.el.gindy

• E-mail: marwaelgindy8@gmail.com
• Facebook:https://m.facebook.com/Tajweed-and-Qiraat-Rules-104808161231388/
• Youtube:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgnaZBJ11REbj9g5mjG7Hog/videos
• Telegram:https://t.me/joinchat/AAAAAFfB0zbi1Tqvd6r7aQ

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

THE IMAM BIOGRAPHY

IMAM ABU JA'FAR

He is Yazeed bin Qa'qaa' Al-Makhzoomee Al-Madanee. His nickname is Abu Ja'far.
He was of the taabi'een. He presented his recitation of the Qur'an to his master
Abduallah bin 'Ayyaash bin Abee Rabee'ah and also Abdullah bin 'Abbaas as well as
Abee Hurairah.

El Thahaby says “my father said that Naaf'i said that when Abu Ja’far died while
washing him they found a page of Mushaf on his breast, so they say this is the light of
the Quran”. Ibn El Jazary says that Naaf'i said that Abu Ja’far was seen in a dream
after death in a good shape and Abu Ja’afar says “tell my friends and all who read
with this recitation that Allah forgives them and answers my prayers to them and tell
them to pray at night as much as they can”.

Those who took his way of reading and passed it on include Naaf'i bin Abee Na'eem,
and Sulaymaan bin Jammaaz and 'Eesaa bin Wardan. Abu Ja'far was the imam of
recitation for the people of Al-Medinah Al-Munawwarah. He died in the year 130
Al-Hijarah in al-Medinah.

Imam Abu Ja'far has two raawis: Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaaz.

IBN WARDAN
He is Abu Al-Haarith 'Eesaa bin Wardan Al-Medani. He was a recitation imam and
was a precise verifier. He presented his complete recitation to Abu Ja'far as well as
Shaybah, and then presented his complete recitation to Naafi'. He was considered to
be an old companion of Naafi'. Among those who recited to him (presented their
complete recitation) were Ismail bin Ja'far and Qaloon. Ibn Wardan died in Al-
Medinah in 160 Al-Hijarah.

IBN JAMMAZ
He is Abu Ar-Rabee' Sulayman bin Muslim, bin Jammaaz Az-Zahree. He was the
leader of reciters in Al-Medinah. He presented his complete recitation to Imam Abu
Ja'far as well as Shaybah and then presented his complete recitation to Naafi'. Ismail
bin Jaafar and Qutaybah bin Mahraan recited complete recitation to him (Ibn
Jammaz). He died in 170 Al-Hijarah.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

RULES OF ABU JA'FAR NARRATION

AL BASMALAH ‫س َم َل ِة‬
ْ ‫ال َب‬

Rule at the beginning of surah:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with Basmalah at the beginning
of a surah except surat "At-Tawbah”, as all the narrators agreed upon reading the
basmalah at the beginning of the surah when starting recitation except surat "At-
Tawbah”.

Rule between two surahs:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) always reads the basmalah between the
two surahs except between Al-Anfal and At-Tawbah.

Ways of joining the end of sūrat Al-Anfal with surat At-Tawbah are as follows:

a) Waqf: Finishing surat Al-Anfal then stopping and taking a breath, then reading
the beginning of surat At-Tawbah (without Basmallah).

b) Sakt: Finishing surat Al-Anfal then stopping without breath (sakt which is
slight pause without breathing) then reading the beginning of surat At-Tawbah
(without Basmallah).

c) Waṣl: Joining the last verse of surat Al-Anfal in the same breath and proper
vowels with the beginning of surat At-Tawbah.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

PLURAL MEEM ‫ِم ِيمِاَ ْل َجمع‬

Definition of Plural meem: It refers to the extra meem which indicates masculinity
and plurality.

Rule of Plural meem followed with voweled letter :

If the plural meem is followed by a word that has a voweled letter; Abu Ja'far (both
Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with lengthening of a temporary dhammah put on
the plural meem of two vowel counts in continuing as )‫)غير المغضوب عليهمو ول الضالين‬

Rule of Plural meem followed with a saakin letter :

If the plural meem is followed by a saakin letter, there is no lengthening of the

temporary dhammah on the meem due to the meeting of two saakins.

Abu Ja'far stops on the plural meem with sukoon.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

THE PRONOUN OF DIRECT OBJECT ‫ِاءِِِاَِْل ِِكنَِاية‬

ِ ‫ِ َه‬

Its definition: It is a ha' at the end of a word (last letter) that is not part of the original
make up of the word, representing the singular third person male.

Rules of Pronoun ha’ in Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) is the
same as Hafs except in the following:

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )69 ‫ )فِي ِه ُم َهانًا ) (الفرقان‬with
kasrah with no lengthening of the ha’.
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with sukoon of ha’in
)20 ‫) (الشورى‬145 ‫ (نُؤْ تِه) ( آل عمران‬،)75 ‫)يُ َؤدِه ِإلَيْكَ ) (ال عمران‬ ْ ُ‫ َون‬،‫)نُ َولِه‬
)115 ‫صلِه ) (النساء‬

o َ ‫)أَن‬
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )63 ‫سانِيهِ) (الكهف‬
and )10 ‫علَ ْي ِه للاَ( )الفتح‬
َ ) with kasrah of ha’.
o In )52‫)يتقه) (النور‬
Ibn Wardan reads with kasrah of ‫ القاف‬and the ha’with sukoon .
Ibn Jammaz reads with kasrah of ‫ القاف‬and the ha’with lengthening .
o In )7 ‫يرضه لكم (الزمر‬
Ibn Wardan reads the ha’ with dhammah with lengthening.
Ibn Jammaz reads the ha’ with sukoon.
o ِ َ‫(أ‬
In )36 ‫) (الشعراء‬111 ‫رجهِ) (األعراف‬
Ibn Wardan reads with kasrah of ha’ with no lengthening
Ibn Jammaz reads with kasrah of ha’ with lengthening.
o In )37 ‫ترزقانه (يوسف‬
Ibn Wardan reads with without lengthening of ha’
Ibn Jammaz reads with lengthening of ha’.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

THE LENGTHENING ‫اَ ْلمدُو ِد‬

ِ َ ‫ا ْل َمدِاِْل ُِمت‬
Madd Muttasil (Obligatory Connected Madd) ‫ِصِل‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the madd muttasil (Obligatory
Connected Madd) with four vowel counts.

Example: ( ‫) سِيئَت‬

ِ َ‫ا ْلِ َمِدِاِْل ُمِنف‬

Madd Munfaṣil (Permitted Separated Madd) ‫ِصِل‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the madd munfaṣil (Permitted
Separated Madd) with two vowel counts.

ِ ُ ‫) َو َما أ‬
Example: ( ‫نزل‬

Madd Al-Badal (Exchange Madd) ‫َمِدِاِْلبَِ َدِل‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads Madd Al-Badal (Exchange
Madd) with two vowel counts as ( ‫(ء آ َ َمنُوا‬

Madd AL-Leen ‫ ; َمِدِاللين‬and

ِ ‫اِْل َمِدِاِْل َع‬
Madd Al-Aaridh Li-Sukoon (Presented Sukoon Madd) ‫ِارِضِللس ُكِون‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the Madd Al-Leen and the
ْ
Presented Sukoon Madd with two or four or six vowel counts. Example (‫ خ َْوف‬، َ‫)العَالَمِ ين‬

َ ‫اِْل َِمد‬
Al-Madd Al-Laazimِِ(The Compulsory Lengthening ) ‫َِالَّل ِزم‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the Compulsory Madd either
Light or Heavy with six vowel counts as (‫ ن‬،‫ الم‬، ‫ َء ْآلئان‬، َ‫ضآلِين‬
َّ ‫)ال‬

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

The word ‫أَنَا‬

• If it is followed by hamzah al-qata that has fathah or dhammah . Abu Ja'far (both
Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with alif with two vowel counts

Example: ) ‫ أَنَا أٌحْ يِي‬، ‫(أَنَا أَول‬

• If it is followed by hamzah al-qata that has kasrah, Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan
and Ibn Jammaz) reads with dropping the alif

Example: (‫)أنَا ِإل‬

• If it is followed with any other letter not hamzah al-qata, Abu Ja'far (both Ibn
Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with dropping the alif when continuing

Example: ( ‫)ول أنا عابد ما عبدتم‬

• All narrators read with alif when stopping

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

TWO HAMZAHS NEXT TO EACH OTHER IN ONE WORD

َ ‫ا ْل َه‬
ِ َ‫مزت‬
‫انِمنِ َك ِل َم ِة‬

Its definition: The two hamzahs next to each other in one word are two hamzahs qata
meeting each other in one word, the first hamzah has fathah and is a questioning
hamzah, and the second hamzah is either with a fathah, or a dhammah, or a kasrah.

ِ ٌ ‫ أَأ‬،‫(أَأَنذَرت َ ُهم‬
Example: )‫ أ َ ِإنَّا‬،‫نزل‬

Its rule:

• Insertion of an alif between the two hamzahs then ‫ تَس ِهيل‬of the second hamzah

The rule of Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) in the two hamzahs next to
each other in one word is reading with the insertion of an alif in between the two
hamzahs and then makes ‫ تَس ِهيل‬of the second hamzah such as ) ‫ ءاۏنبئكم‬، ‫)ءا•نذَ ْرت َ ُه ْم ءا•نت‬.

N.B:

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the word )‫ )أَا• َّم َة‬whenever it is
found in the Qur’an is read also with ‫ تسهيل‬of the second hamzah with the
insertion of an alif in between the two hamzahs.
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with one hamzah in
)90 ‫ (إنك ألنت يوسف) (يوسف‬i.e. with proclamation.
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with question and with ‫تسهيل‬
of the second hamzah with a forbiddance of the insertion of the alif in between the
two hamzahs in )49 ‫ الشعراء‬،71 ‫ طه‬،133 ‫ َء•ا َمنتُم (األعراف‬and )58 ‫أ َ•ا ِل َهتُنَا (الزخرف‬
َ َ ‫ أ‬with two
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )19 ‫ش ِهدُوا (الزخرف‬
hamzah the first hamzah is with fathah and the second one is with ‫ تسهيل‬and
dhammah with inserting an alif )‫دوا‬
ُ ‫ ( َءا• ُش ِه‬.
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with question and with the
insertion of an alif in between the two hamzahs and making ‫ تسهيل‬of the second
hamzah in )20 ‫ (ءا•ذهبتم) (األحقاف‬،)14‫(ءا•ن كان) (القلم‬
o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )81 ‫ (ءآلسحر) (يونس‬with
questioning and there is two ways in ‫همزة الوصل‬:
a) ‫ ابدال‬with six counts
b) ‫ تسهيل‬with no madd without inserting an alif ; exactly as reading the word
)‫(ألذكرين‬.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

REPEATED QUESTIONS IN A PHRASE ‫ستِ ْف َهامِا ْل ُمتَك َِر ِر‬

ْ ‫اال‬
Its definition:

Repeated question is a question that is repeated twice in a phrase and the questioning
hamzah has a fathah, and the second hamzah carries a kasrah. This occurs in nine
surahs in eleven positions.

.]5:‫ { أ َءِ ذَا ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً أَئِنَّا لَفِي خ َْلق َجدِيد} [سورة الرعد‬-

.]98 - 49 :‫ظاما ً َو ُرفَاتا ً أَإِنَّا لَ َم ْبعُوثُونَ } [سورة اإلسراء‬

َ ‫{وقَالُواْ أَءِ ذَا ُكنَّا ِع‬
َ -

ِ َ‫ {أَئِنَّ ُك ْم لَت َأْتُون‬- ‫ عز وجل‬- :‫ وقوله‬،}َ‫شة‬

.]29,28 :‫الر َجالَ} [سورة العنكبوت‬ َ ِ‫ { ِإنَّ ُك ْم لَت َأْتُونَ ْالفَاح‬-

.]82:‫ظاما ً أَئِنَّا لَ َم ْبعُوثُونَ } [سورة المؤمنون‬

َ ‫ {قَالُوا أَءِ ذَا مِ تْنَا َو ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً َو ِع‬-

.]67 :‫{وقَا َل الَّ ِذينَ َكف َُروا أَءِ ذَا ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً َوآبَا ُؤنَا أَئِنَّا لَ ُم ْخ َر ُجونَ } [سورة النمل‬
َ -
.]47 :‫] [سورة الواقعة‬16 :‫ظاما ً أَئِنَّا لَ َم ْبعُوثُونَ } [سورة الصافات‬
َ ‫ {أَءِ ذَا مِ تْنَا َو ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً َو ِع‬-

.]53 :‫ظاما ً أَئِنَّا لَ َمدِينُونَ } [سورة الصافات‬

َ ‫ {أَءِ ذَا مِ تْنَا َو ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً َو ِع‬-

.]10 :‫ض أ َءِ نَّا لَ ِفي َخلق َج ِديد} [سورة السجدة‬ َ ‫ {قَالُوا أ َءِ ذَا‬-
ِ ‫ضلَلنَا فِي األ َ ْر‬
َ ‫ {أ َءِ ذَا ُكنَّا ِع‬:- ‫ عز وجل‬- ‫وقوله‬،}ِ‫{يَقُولُونَ أَئِنَّا لَ َم ْردُودُونَ فِي ْال َحاف َِرة‬-
- 10:‫ظاما ً نَّخِ َرةً} [سورة النازعات‬
.]11

Its Rule:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with a proclamation for the first
and with a question for the second.

N.B. Taking into consideration the rule of the two hamzah in one word as per his rule

Example ]5:‫{إِذَا ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابا ً أ َا•نَّا لَفِي خ َْلق َجدِيد} [سورة الرعد‬

Exception:

There are two places of exception to this in surat Al-Waqi'ah and the first position in
surat Assafat, he reads with a question for the first and with a proclamation for the
second and follows his rules of hamzah of the insertion of an alif between the two
hamzahs and making ‫ تسهيل‬of the second hamzah.

o Surat Assafat

َ ‫أ َا•ذَا مِ تْنَا َو ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابًا َو ِع‬

َ‫ظا ًما إِنَّا لَ َم ْبعُوثُون‬

o Surat Al-Waqi'ah 47:

َ ‫أ َا•ذَا مِ تْنَا َو ُكنَّا ت ُ َرابًا َو ِع‬

َ‫ظا ًما إِنَّا لَ َم ْبعُوثُون‬

11
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

TWO HAMZAHS MEETING BETWEEN TWO WORDS

ِ ‫ِنِِ َِكِِل َِمِتَِْي‬

‫ن‬ ْ ‫ِنِم‬
ِ ‫ِزِتَ ْي‬ ْ ‫اِْل َه‬
َِ ‫ِم‬

Its definition: They are two hamzahs meeting between two words, the first hamzah is
the last letter of the first word and the second hamzah is the first letter of the second
word.

َِ ‫ِِالَِ ُِمِت َ ِفِقَِتَِانِ ِفِيِال‬

A) Two hamzahs have the same exact vowel ِ‫ش ِْك ِل‬

If the two hamzahs have fathah or dhammah or kasrah:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ‫ تسهيل‬of the second hamzah
َ • ‫ أَو ِليَا ُء‬،‫) َجا َء • َحد‬
such as )‫ هَاؤ َُلءِ •ن‬،‫ولئِك‬

َِ ‫ِاِْل ُمِخِت َ ِلِ ِفَتَِانِ ِفِيِال‬

B) Two hamzahs have different vowels ‫ش ْكِل‬

If the two hamzahs have different vowels, then they are read as follows:

o If the first hamzah has fathah and the second has kasrah or dhammah as
ُ ،‫ َجا َء أ ُ َّمة‬, the second hamzah is read with ‫ تسهيل‬as in ْ‫ش َهدَا َء •ذ‬
in ْ‫ش َهدَا َء ِإذ‬ ُ ،‫َجا َء • َّمة‬

o If the first hamzah has kasrah and the second hamzah has fathah as in
‫ساءِ أَو‬ ْ ِ‫ ; خ‬he changes the second hamzah to ya’ with fathah as ‫ساءِ يَو‬
َ ِ‫طبَ ِة الن‬ ْ ِ‫خ‬
َ ِ‫طبَ ِة الن‬

o If the first hamzah has dhammah and the second hamzah has fathah
as ‫سفَ َها ُء أ َ َل‬
ُّ ‫ ال‬he changes the second hamzah to waw with fathah as ‫سفَ َها ُء َو َل‬
ُّ ‫ال‬

o If the first hamzah has a dhammah and the second hamzah has kasrah ‫يَشَا ُء إِلى‬
then there are two allowed ways of reading: either with:
a) ‫ تسهيل‬of the second hamzah as ‫ ; يَشَا ُء•لى‬or
b) changing the second hamzah to waw as ‫يَشَا ُء ِولى‬

12
 Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

َِ ‫ِمِزِاِْل ُِم ْف‬

THE SINGLE HAMZAH ‫ِر ِد‬ ْ ‫اِْل َه‬
Its definition: The single hamzah is a sole hamzah that has either sukoon or vowel.

A) The single hamzah that has sukoon

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) makes ‫ ابدال‬of the hamzah saakinah
into a madd letter corresponding to the vowel on the letter preceding the hamzah
either it is the first letter of the root of the word )‫ (فاء الكلمة‬such as ‫ َما ُمون‬- ‫ َمأ ْ ُمون‬or
the second letter of the root of the word )‫ (عين الكلمة‬such as ‫ س ُولَك‬- ‫سؤْ لَك‬
ُ or the third
letter of the root of the word )‫ (لم الكلمة‬such as ‫ ِجيت‬-‫ِجئْت‬

Exceptions:

o In )28‫) (القمر‬51 ‫ (نَبِئْ ُهم) (الحجر‬،)33 ‫ (أ َنبِئْ ُهم) (البقرة‬he doesn’t make ‫ابدال‬.

o He reads with ‫ ابدال‬with idghaam in )74 ‫(ر ْئيَا) (مريم‬ ِ so it is read )‫ (ريا‬and
)‫ ُرؤْ يَاك‬،‫الرؤْ يَا‬
ُّ ،‫(رؤْ يَاى‬
ُ in all its occurrence so it is read )‫ ُرياك‬،‫الريا‬
ُ ،‫(رياى‬
ُ

o In )‫ (ت ُؤْ ِويه) (المعارج‬،)‫ (ت ُؤْ ِوي) (الحزاب‬there is no idghaam but it is pronounced

with two waw )‫(ت ُو ِوى) (ت ُو ِويه‬.

B) The single hamzah that has vowel:

I) If the Hamzah is preceded with a vowel

1) If the hamzah has fathah

a) If the hamzah is the first letter of the root of the word and preceded with
dhammah

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) makes ‫ ابدال‬in the hamzah to
waw if it is the first letter of the root of the word )‫ (فاء الكلمة‬that has fathah and
preceded with dhammah as )‫ ُم َو ِذن‬،‫ ُم َؤذِن) ( ُم َو َجال‬،‫ ( ُم َؤ َجال‬but if the hamzah is ‫عين‬
‫ الكلمة‬which is the second root of the word as )‫ الفؤاد‬،‫ )فؤادك‬so he doesn’t make
‫ابدال‬.

N.B.

o In )12 ‫(يُ َؤيِد) (ال عمران‬

Ibn Jammaz alone reads with ‫ ابدال‬so he reads )‫ ;(ي َُويِد‬but Ibn Wardan has an
exception and he doesn’t make ‫ ابدال‬so he reads )‫(يُ َؤيد‬

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

b) If the hamzah has fathah and preceded with kasrah

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) makes ‫ ابدال‬of the hamzah to
ya’ if it has a fathah and preceded with kasrah as ‫ َخاطِ ئ َة – َخاطِ يَة‬and as in
(‫شانِئ َك‬
َ /‫ َخا ِسئ َا‬/‫ ِرئ َاء‬/‫نَا ِشئ َة‬/‫ئ‬ ُ
َ ‫ا ْست ْه ِز‬/‫ ُم ِلئ َت‬/‫ئ‬ ُ َّ َ َ
َ ‫ ق ِر‬/‫لنُبَ ِوئ َن ُهم‬/‫)ليُبَطِ ئ َن‬

N.B.

o In )‫ ( َم ْوطِ ئ َا)(التوبة‬he has two ways:

a) Changing the hamzah to ya’ )‫) َم ْوطِ َيا‬
b) Reading with ‫( َم ْوطِ ئَا ) تحقيق‬

c) If the hamzah has fathah and preceded with fathah

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ‫ ابدال‬of hamzah to
alif if it has fathah and preceded by fathah in )‫سال) (المعارج‬ َ -‫سأَل‬
َ (
َ
َ ‫ مِ ن‬-‫سأت َه‬
and )14‫سات َه) (سبأ‬ َ ‫ (مِ ن‬and with deleting the hamzah in )31 ‫ ُمت َّ َكا) (يوسف‬- ‫( ُمت َّ َكئ َا‬

d) If the hamzah has fathah and preceded with fathah and starts with hamzah
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the hamzah after the Ra’
with ‫ تسهيل‬in )‫ (أ َ َرأ َ ْيت‬and all its derivatives so they are read )‫ أر•يتكم‬،‫ أر•يتم‬،‫(أر•يت‬.

2) If the hamzah has dhammah

a) If the hamzah has dhammah and is preceded with kasrah and followed by
waw
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) deletes the hamzah and reads
with dhammah in the letter preceding it if the hamzah comes after kasrah and
there is waw after it such as )‫ضا ِهئ ُون‬ َ ُ‫ ي‬/‫صا ِبئ ُون‬
َّ ‫ال‬/‫ ) ُمست َ ْه ِزئ ُون‬so he reads
)‫ضاهُون‬ َّ ‫ ال‬،‫ ( ُمست َ ْه ُزون‬.
َ ُ‫ ي‬،‫صابُون‬

N.B. There are two ways for Ibn Wardan in )‫) (ال ُمن ِشئُون‬72 ‫ (الواقعة‬either with
ُ ‫ (ال ُمن‬or reading with ‫(ال ُمن ِشئُون) تحقيق‬.
deleting the hamzah )‫شون‬

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

b) If the hamzah has dhammah and is preceded with fathah and followed by
waw
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) deletes the hamzah and reads
َ َ ‫ ت‬،‫طئ ُوها‬
with sukoon on waw and reads the ‫ الطاء‬with fathah in (‫طئ ُوهُم‬ َ َ ‫ ت‬،‫طئ ُون‬
َ َ‫ )ي‬so
َ َ ‫ ت‬-‫ط ْوها‬
he reads )‫ط ْوهم‬ َ َ ‫ ت‬-‫ط ْون‬
َ َ‫(ي‬.

3) If the hamzah has kasrah

a) If the hamzah has kasrah and is preceded with kasrah and followed by ya’
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) deletes the hamzah and reads
with kasrah in the letter preceding in ،‫ ال ُمست َ ْه ِزئِين‬،‫ َخاطِ ئِين‬،‫ ال َخاطِ ئِين‬،‫( ُمت َّ ِكئِين‬
)‫صابِئِين‬ َّ ‫ ال‬،‫ ال ُمست َ ْه ِزين‬،‫ خَاطِ ين‬،‫ ال َخاطِ ين‬،‫( ُمتَكِين‬
َّ ‫ ال‬so he reads )‫صابِين‬

II) If the Hamzah is preceded with sukoon

a) If it is preceded with the letter ‫الزاء‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ‫ ابدال‬of the hamzah
to a letter that corresponds the saakin letter before it and makes idghaam in
)‫ ( ُج ْز ٌء ُج ْز ًءا‬so it is read )‫ ُج َّزا‬،‫(جز‬.
ٌ

b) If it is preceded with ya’ that has sukoon

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ‫ ابدال‬of the hamzah
to a letter that corresponds the saakin letter before it and makes idghaam in
ُ ‫ النَّ ِس‬،‫ ) َك َه ْيئ َة‬so it is read (‫ى‬
(‫ئ‬ ُّ ‫ النس‬،‫)ك َّهية‬.
c) If it is preceded with alif
Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the hamzah with ‫ التسهيل‬if
it is preceded with alif in:
o The word )‫ (اسرائيل‬with ‫ تسهيل‬with four and two counts but the four counts
is preferred so it is read )‫(اسرا• يل‬
َ .
o The word )‫ (كآئن‬with ‫ تسهيل‬with four and two counts so it is read )‫ (كَا•ن‬.
o The word (‫ )هأنتم‬with ‫ تسهيل‬with two counts of madd mufassil so it is read
)‫) َها َ•نت ُ ْم‬.
o The word (‫ )الالئى‬in continuing: He deletes the ya’ in continuing and he
reads the hamzah with ‫ تسهيل‬with four and two counts so it is read )• ‫(الال‬.
The word (‫ )الالئى‬in stopping: He makes ‫ ابدال‬to ya’ saakinah with madd
six counts )‫ (الآلى‬or deletes the ya’ and reads the hamzah with ‫تسهيل‬
with ‫( روم‬i.e. with kasrah with ‫ )تسهيل‬with four or two counts.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

TRANSFERRING THE VOWEL OF THE HAMZAH TO THE

SAAKIN LETTER BEFORE IT ‫النَِ ِْق ِل‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) does not transfer the vowel of a
hamzah to the saakin letter before it, but there are a few exceptions to this.

• )32 ‫ذلك) (المائدة‬ ‫(من أجل‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )32 ‫ (من أجل ذلك) (المائدة‬with
kasrah of hamzah and transferring its vowel to the letter preceding so it is read )‫(من ْجل‬
ِ
and if he starts with ‫ إِ ْجل‬he starts with hamzah that has kasrah.

• )34 ‫(القصص‬ )‫(رد َءا‬

ِ

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the word )34 ‫(رد َءا) (القصص‬
ِ with
transferring the vowel of the hamzah to the ‫ دال‬and deletes the hamzah and ‫ ابدال‬of
tanween to alif in continuing and stopping so it is read )‫(ردَا‬.
ِ

• )‫عادًا أاْلُولَى‬
َ )

The word ‫عادًا ْاأل ُو َلى‬

َ , of surah An-Najm aayah 50, is read with idghaam of the tanween
into the laam and the vowel on the hamzah is transferred to the laam with dropping
the hamzah so it is read ‫عاداًلُّولَى‬.

When starting on the second word of this phrase ‫ ْاألُولَى‬, Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan
and Ibn Jammaz) starts with three ways either with:

o ‫ ْاألُولَى‬as Hafs ;or

o Hamzah wasl with a fatha, followed by the laam with a dhammah as ‫; اَلُولَى‬or

o Without the hamzah wasl, by the laam with a dhammah as ‫لُولَى‬

16
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

• )91 ،51 ‫(يونس‬ )‫) َءا َلئان‬

Ibn Wardan in reads )51،91 ‫ ( َءا َلئان) )يونس‬with transferring the vowel of the hamzah to
the laam preceding it and deletes the hamzah.

In the hamzah wasl he has three ways:

o Changing the hamzah wasl to a long alif with six counts; or

o Changing the hamzah wasl to alif with two counts, or

o with ‫ تسهيل‬of hamzah wasl

• ) ‫ ( َءاَلئان‬in other positions

Ibn Wardan reads the word ‫ َءاَلئان‬in other positions with transferring of the
vowel of the hamzah to the laam preceding it and deletes the hamzah with two
counts.

• )91 ‫(ال عمران‬ )‫(مل ُء‬

Ibn Wardan reads it with transferring the vowel of hamzah to the laam )ُ‫ (مِ ل‬.

17
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

THE BREATHLESS PAUSE ‫ت‬

ِ ‫سِك‬
َ ‫ال‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) does not stop gently (doesn’t make
sakt) of what Hafs stopped on which are in the following:

)52‫ ( َم ْرقَ ِدنَا هذا) (يس‬،)1،2‫ )ع َِو َجا قيما) (الكهف‬،(27 ‫) َم ْن َراق ) (القيامة‬، )14‫( بَ ْل َرانَ ) (المطففين‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with Permitted Sakt in the
following:

• The end of sūrat Al-Anfal with surat At-Tawbah

• In )29( َ‫) َهلَك‬28( ‫ َمالِي ْه‬in surat ‫ الحاقة‬between verse 28 and 29 . In this case there are
two allowed ways in joining the two ayas together.

a) Making the first ha’ clear with a short stop with no breath (sakt) between the two
words.

b) Merging the two ha’ together

Letters at the beginning of surahs:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ‫ السكت‬on all letters in the
beginning of surahs as )‫ طسم‬،‫ حم‬،‫ (الم‬.

He reads with ithhaar of noon in )‫ القصص‬، ‫ طسم (الشعراء‬because he reads the seen with
‫السكت‬

18
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

َ ‫ِاإلد‬
Al-ITHHAAR AND Al-IDGHAAM ‫غام‬ ِ ‫ارِو‬
َ ‫اإلظ َه‬
ِ

• Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with idghaam of ‫ ذال‬in the ‫تاء‬
in ) ُ‫ ات َّ َخذْت‬، ‫ اتَّ َخذْت ُ ُم‬،‫ ) أ َ َخذْت ُ ْم‬and its variations of verb tenses whenever they occur so
he reads ُّ‫ِات َّ َخت‬، ‫ ات َّ َخت ُّ ُم‬،‫ ; أ َ َخت ُّ ْم‬and the ‫ الذال‬in (‫ )عذت‬in all its occurrence.

• Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with idghaam of the ‫ الثاء‬in
the ‫ التاء‬in (‫ لَ ِبثت ُّم‬، ُّ‫ )لَ ِبثت‬.

• Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ithhaar in the ‫ ثاء‬with
ْ ‫َي ْل َه‬
the ‫ ذال‬in )176 ‫ث ذَلِكَ (العراف‬

• Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with ithhaar of the ba’ with
the meem in )42 ‫ار َكبْ َم َعنَا (هود‬
ْ

THE BIG MERGING

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )11‫ (ت َأ َمنَّا) (يوسف‬with idghaam of
noon without ishmam or rawm.

19
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

MEETING OF TWO SAAKIN

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the first saakin with dhammah, if
the next saakin occurs in a verb that begins with hamzah wasl and the third letter in
the verb has an original dhammah as )‫ (ولقدُ استُهزئ‬and )‫اخرج‬
ُ ُ‫(وقالت‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the first saakin with kasrah, if the
ُ ‫(أن ام‬
third letter has a dhammah but not original as )‫شوا‬ ِ

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the first saakin with kasrah, if the
third letter has a kasrah or fathah as )‫(أ ِو انفِروا) (ولق ِد است َكبروا‬

20
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

THE FATH, THE IMAALAH, AND THE TAQLEEL

‫تحِِواإل َمِالَةِوالِت َ ِْق ِلِي ِل‬
ِْ َ‫ا ْلف‬

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with Fath in all the Qur'an.

He reads ‫جرا َها‬

َ ‫ ُم‬with dhammah of meem and the ra’ with fathah and alif after it.

NOON SAKINAH AND TANWEEN

Rule: Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the noon saakinah and
tanween with ikhfa’ at the letters ‫ الخاء‬and ‫ الغين‬as )‫ مِ ن ِغل‬،‫(مِ ن َخير‬

Exceptions:

There is exception in three positions so he reads with ithhaar as Hafs in:

)135 ‫غنِيَّا) (النساء‬ ْ and )51 ‫ضون) (السراء‬
َ ‫ (وإن يَ ُك ْن‬and )3 ‫(ال ُم ْن َخنِقَة) (المائدة‬ ُ ‫سيُ ْن ِغ‬
َ َ‫(ف‬

21
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

ATTACHED YA’ INDICATING “ME” OR “MY”ِ‫ضِافَِة‬

َ ‫ِيَِا َءِاتِاال‬

Definition: Ya’at il-iḍafah is ya’-il-mutakallim, which can appear on a noun, verb or

letter. The difference that the narrators have concerning ya’ al-iḍafah is whether it
should be read with fath or sukoon.

a) Possessive ya’ِbefore ‫همزةِالقطع‬:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the possessive or direct object
ya’ with a fathah on the ya’ when it occurs before a ‫ همزة القطع‬which has fathah or
dhammah or kasrah, except the words that are excluded from the rule and he reads
with sukoon.

o The exceptions in the ‫ همزة القطع‬that has fathah in the beginning of the next
word which follows the ya’, meaning Abu Ja'far reads these words with a
sukoon on the ya’. They are:

(Al-Baqarah 152) ‫فَٱ ۡذ ُك ُرون ِٓي أ َ ۡذ ُك ۡر ُك ۡم‬

(Al-A'raaf 143) ُ ‫أ َ ِرن ِٓي أَن‬

‫ظ ۡر‬

(At-Tawbah 49) ‫ت َۡفتِن ِٓي أَ َل‬

(Hud 47) ‫َوت َۡر َحمۡ ن ِٓي أ َ ُكن‬

(Maryam 43) َ‫ِي أ َ ۡهدِك‬

ٓ ‫فَٱت َّ ِبعۡ ن‬

(Ghaafir 26) ‫ذَ ُرونِ ٓي أ َ ۡقت ُ ۡل‬

(Ghaafir 60) ‫ِي أَسۡ ت َِج ۡب‬

ٓ ‫ٱ ۡدعُون‬

(Al Ahkaf 15-An-Naml 19) )‫وزعنِى أَن‬

ِ َ‫(أ‬

o The exceptions to ‫ ياءات الضافة‬which are followed by a ‫ همزة القطع‬with a

kasrah, meaning Abu Ja'far reads these words with a sukoon on the ya’. They
are:

(Al-A'raf 14) ‫أَنظِ ۡرن ِٓي ِإلَى‬

(Al-Hijr 36) (Sad 79) ‫فَأَنظِ ۡرنِ ٓي ِإلَى‬

(Yusuf 33) ‫عونَن ِٓي إِلَ ۡي ِه‬

ُ ‫يَ ۡد‬

(Al-Qasas 34) ٓ ‫ص ِدقُن‬

‫ِي إِنِ ٓي‬ َ ُ‫ي‬

22
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

(Ghaafir 41) ‫َوت َ ۡدعُونَن ِٓي ِإلَى‬

(Ghaafir 43) ‫ِي ِإلَ ۡي ِه‬

ٓ ‫ت َۡدعُونَن‬

(Al-Ahqaaf 15) ‫ذُ ِريَّت ِٓي إِنِي‬

(Al-Munafiqoon 10) ‫أ َ َّخ ۡرت َن ِٓي إِلَ ٓى‬

o The exceptions to the ‫ ياءات الضافة‬followed by a ‫ همزة القطع‬with an

accompanying dhammah; meaning Abu Ja'far reads these words with a sukoon
on the ya’. The two exceptions are:

(Al-Baqarah 40) ِ‫ِي أُوف‬

ٓ ‫ِب َعهۡ د‬

(Al-Kahf 96) ‫َءاتُون ِٓي أ ُ ۡف ِر ۡغ‬

b) Possessive ya’ِ before ‫همزةِالوصل‬:

Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with fathah in:
، )6 ‫عدى اسمه) (الصف‬
َ ‫ (من ب‬،)42،41 ‫ذكرى اذهبا) (طه‬
َ ،‫(لنفسى اذهب‬
َ ،)124 ‫(عهدى الظالمين) (البقرة‬
َ
)30 ‫(قومى اتخذوا)(الفرقان‬
َ

c) Possessive ya’ِ before any other letter:

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with with fathah in ‫ماتى‬
َ ‫(وم‬
)162 ‫هلل) (النعام‬.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )‫ (معى‬with sukoon that
occurs before any word except hamzah as )‫(ومن معى من المؤمنين‬
and in its occurrence in )24 ‫ (األنبياء‬،)75 ،72،67 ‫ (الكهف‬،)83 ‫ (التوبة‬،)105‫(الألعراف‬
)34 ‫) (القصص‬118،62 ‫(الشعراء‬.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads with sukoon in )‫ (محياى‬،
)‫(ولى دين‬، )23 ‫(ولى نعجة) (ص‬، ، )18 ‫ (ولى فيها ) (طه‬،)28 ‫ (بيتى مؤمنا) (نوح‬،)62 ‫(النعام‬
)6 ‫) (الكافرون‬69‫ ص‬،22 ‫ (وما كان لى ) (ابراهيم‬،)20 ‫(مالى ل أرى) (النمل‬

23
Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

EXTRA YA’AT ‫ِاتِالزوِائِِد‬

َ ‫يَِا َء‬

Definition: The Extra Letter ya’ is the extra ya’ in pronunciation at the end of the
word that is not written.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) establishes these ‫ ياءات‬when
continuing (in pronunciation) and eliminates (drops) them when stopping in the
following:

‫) (واتبعنى وقل) (وخافونى إن) (آل عمران‬197 ‫ (واتقون يا أولى)(البقرة‬،)186 ‫(الداعى إذا دعانى) (البقرة‬
‫ (فال‬،)195 ‫ (ثم كيدونى فال) (األعراف‬، )80 ‫ (وقد هدان)(األنعام‬،)44 ‫ (واخشون) (المائدة‬،)175 ،20
‫ (بما أشركتمون) (وتقبل‬،)66 ‫ (حتى تؤتون) (يوسف‬،)105 ،78 ،46 ‫تسألنى) (ول تخزونى) (يوم يأت) (هود‬
‫ أن‬/‫ إن ترن‬/‫ أن يهدين‬/‫ (فهو المهتد‬،)97 ،62 ‫فهو المهتد) (السراء‬/‫ (لئن أخرتن‬،)40 ،22 ‫دعائى) (ابراهيم‬
‫ (أتمدونن بمال) (النمل‬،)25 ‫ (الباد) (الحج‬،)67،64،40،39،24 ،17 ‫ أن تعلمن) (الكهف‬/‫ ما كنا نبغ‬/‫يؤتين‬
،)41‫ (المناد) (ق‬،)61‫ (اتبعونى هذا) (الزخرف‬،)32 ‫ (الجوار) (الشورى‬،)38 ‫ (اتبعون أهدكم ) (غافر‬،)36
)16،15،4 ‫ أهانن) (الفجر‬،‫ أكرمن‬،‫ (يسر‬،)8،6 ‫(يدع الداع) (الداعى إلى) (القمر‬.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )68 ‫(يا عبادى ل خوف) (الزخرف‬
with ya' with sukoon in stopping and continuing.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads )36 ‫ (فما ءآتان) (النمل‬with ya'
with fatha in continuing and he deletes it is stopping.

o Ibn Wardan alone reads with ya' in )32،15 ‫ (يوم التالق) (يوم التناد) (غافر‬in continuing
and deletes it in stopping. Ibn Jammaz deletes them both in continuing and in
stopping.

o Abu Ja'far (both Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz) reads the ya' in )‫(وإن يردنى الرحمن‬
)22‫ (يس‬and in ) 93 ‫ (أل تتبعنى أفعصيت) (طه‬with fathah in continuing and with
sukoon in stopping.

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

REFERENCES

• ُ ُ ‫عريف بِ ْال ِق َراء ْالعَ ْشر َو ُر َواتِ ِهم َوأ‬

‫صول ْال ِق َرا َءات ْالعَ ْشر‬ ِ َ ‫" ت‬by Aly Mohamed Tawfeek Al
Nahaas
• "‫النيرات ِفي ال ِق َرا َءات‬
َ ُ ُ ‫ "األ‬by Amany Ashour
‫صول‬
• "‫ "إِتبَاع األ َثَر فِي قِ َرا َءة أَبِي َجعفَر‬by Tawfik Ibrahim Damrah
• ُ ُ ‫ " أ‬by Wafaa Sherif
"‫صول أَبُو َجعفَر‬

‫ضاه ُ َو َأ ْدخِ ْلنِي ب ِ َر ْح َمتِكَ فِي‬ َ ‫ي َو َأ ْن َأ ْع َم َل‬

َ ‫صا ِل ًحا ت َْر‬ َّ َ‫ي َوعَ َلى َوا ِلد‬َّ ‫َربِ َأ ْو ِز ْعنِي َأ ْن َأ ْش ُك َر نِعْ َمتَكَ ا َّلتِي َأ ْنعَمْتَ عَ َل‬
َ‫صالِحِ ين‬َّ ‫ِعبَادِكَ ال‬
My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which you have bestowed upon me
and upon my parents and to do righteousness of which You approve. And admit me by
your mercy into the ranks of your righteous servants. (Quran 27:19)

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

INDEX

The Imam Biography 4

Al-Basmalah 5
Plural Meem 6
The pronoun of Direct Object 7
The Lengthening 8

Two Hamzahs next to each other in one word 10

Repeated Questions in a Phrase 11
Two hamzahs meeting between two words 12
The Single Hamzah 13
Transferring the vowel of the hamzah to the saakin letter before it 16
The Breathless Pause 18
Al-Ithhaar and Al-Idghaam 19
Meeting of two Saakin 20
The Fath, the Imaalah, and the Taqleel 21
Noon Saakinah and Tanween 21
Attached Ya’ indicating “me” or “my” 22
Extra Ya’at 24

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Rules of Abu Ja'far Narration

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