INDEX

1. Information about transformer

2. Parts and construction
3. Types and application of transformer
4. Transformer manufacturing companies in Aurangabad.
5. Specification and cost Datasheet
Definition:
A transformer is a static device which transfers electrical energy from one
circuit to another through the process of electromagnetic induction. It is
most commonly used to increase (step up) or decrease (step down).

Working principle of transformer:

The working principle of transformer is very simple. Mutual induction
between two or more windings (also known as coils) allows for electrical
energy to be transferred between circuits. This principle is explained in
further detail below.
Transformer Theory:
Say you have one winding (also known as a coil) which is supplied by an
alternating electrical source. The alternating current through the winding
produces a continually changing and alternating flux that surrounds the
winding. If another winding is brought close to this winding, some portion
of this alternating flux will link with the second winding. As this flux is
continually changing in its amplitude and direction, there must be a
changing flux linkage in the second winding or coil.

According to, Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction there will be an

EMF induced in the second winding. If the circuit of this secondary winding
is closed, then a current will flow through it.

This is the basic working principle of a transformer. Let us use electrical

symbols to help visualize this. The winding which receives electrical power
from the source is known as the ‘primary winding’. In the diagram below
this is the ‘First Coil’.
The winding which gives the desired output voltage due to mutual
induction is commonly known as the ‘secondary winding’. This is the
‘Second Coil’ in the diagram above .A transformer that increases voltage
between the primary to secondary windings is defined as a step-up
transformer. Conversely, a transformer that decreases voltage between the

primary to secondary windings is defined as a step-down transformer.

While the diagram of the transformer above is theoretically possible in an

ideal transformer – it is not very practical. This is because in open air only a
very tiny portion of the flux produced from the first coil will link with the
second coil. So the current that flows through the closed circuit connected to
the secondary winding will be extremely small (and difficult to measure).

The rate of change of flux linkage depends upon the amount of linked flux
with the second winding. So ideally almost all of the flux of primary
winding should link to the secondary winding. This is effectively and
efficiently done by using a core type transformer. This provides a low
reluctance path common to both of the windings.
The purpose of the transformer core is to provide a low reluctance path,
through which the maximum amount of flux produced by the primary
winding is passed through and linked with the secondary winding .The
current that initially passes through the transformer when it is switched on
is known as the transformer inrush current.
Transformer Parts and Construction
The three main parts of a transformer:

 Primary Winding of Transformer

 Magnetic Core of Transformer
 Secondary Winding of Transformer

Primary Winding of Transformer

Which produces magnetic flux when it is connected to electrical source.

Magnetic Core of Transformer

The magnetic flux produced by the primary winding, that will pass through
this low reluctance path linked with secondary winding and create a closed
magnetic circuit.

Secondary Winding of Transformer

The flux, produced by primary winding, passes through the core, will link
with the secondary winding. This winding also wounds on the same core
and gives the desired output of the transformer.

Different types of transformer and application:

A transformer is a widely used device in the electrical and electronics
domain. It is an electromagnetic device which follows the basic principle of
electromagnetism discovered by Michael Faraday. We have covered
about Transformers construction and operation in detail in previous
tutorial. Here we will cover different types of transformers used in
different types of applications. However, all types of transformers follow
the same principles but they have different construction method.
1. Step-Down Transformer

Step down Transformer is used in both Electronics and Electrical domain. A

step-down transformer converts the primary voltage level to a lower
voltage across the secondary output. This is achieved by the ratio of
primary and secondary windings. For step-down transformers the number
of windings is higher across the primary side than the secondary side.
Therefore, the overall winding ratio of primary and secondary always
remains more than 1.
In electronics, many applications run on 5V, 6V, 9V, 12V, 24V or in some
cases 48V. To convert the single phase power outlet voltage 230V AC to the
desired low voltage level, Step Down transformers are required. In
instrumentation as well as in many electrical types of equipment, Step-
Down transformer is the primary requirement for the Power section.

In electrical, step down transformers are used in electrical distribution

system which works on very high voltage to ensure low loss and cost-
effective solution for long distance power delivery requirements. To convert
the high voltage to a low voltage supply line, Step down transformer is
used.

2. Step-Up Transformer
Step Up transformer is exactly opposite of the step-down transformer. Step
up transformer increase the low primary voltage to a high secondary
voltage. Again it is achieved by the ratio of primary and secondary winding
ratio. For the StepUp transformer, the ratio of the primary winding and the
Secondary winding remains less than 1. That means the number turns in
secondary winding is higher than the primary winding.

In electronics, step up transformers often used in stabilizers, inverters etc.

where low voltage is converted to a much higher voltage. A step-up
transformer is also used in Electrical power distribution. High voltage is
required for power distribution related application. Step up transformer is
used in the grid to step up the voltage level before the distribution.
3. Isolation Transformer

primary and secondary, it is also used as an isolation barrier where the

conduction happens only with the magnetic flux. It is used for safety
purpose and to cancel noise transfer from primary to secondary or vice-
versa Isolation transformer does not convert any voltage levels. The
Primary voltage and the secondary voltage of an isolation transformer
always remain the same. This is because the primary and the secondary
winding ratio is always equal to the 1. That means the number of turns in
primary and secondary winding is same in isolation transformer.
The isolation transformer is used to isolate the primary and secondary. As
discussed previously, the transformer does not have any electrical
connections between.

Transformer manufacturing companies in

Aurangabad:
Digvijay Industries,,Waluj
Jain electricals , waluj
Manu electrical
Supreme switch gears and transformenrs pvt. ltd.
Key metaplast
Hi-tech transformer
Sabka transformer pvt. Ltd.
Trans-delta electronics
Megha electromech
Power line electronics
Leading Transformer Manufacturer in Mumbai,
Maharashatra, India.
Allianz Transformers Pvt Ltd (An ISO 9001- 2015 Company), formerly known
as ALLIANZ ELECTRIC CO., is in the field of manufacturing LOW LOSS ENERGY
EFFICIENT POWER / DISTRIBUTION AND FURNACE TRANSFORMERS for three
decades.

Allianz Transformers Pvt. Ltd. is a professionally managed company with Directors

who are experienced Technocrats in Electrical Engineering for over Thirty five years.
The Technical Team as well as marketing Staff has tremendous experience in the
Transformer industries and delivered Transformers to umpteen numbers of
prestigious domestic as well as international projects.

Current Years Achievements:

 Tested 315 kVA 11kV/433V, 3 Star Rated, Outdoor Type Distribution

Transformer

 Tested 315 kVA 22kV/433V, 3 Star Rated, Outdoor Type Distribution

Transformer

 Tested 630 kVA 22kV/433V, 3 Star Rated, Outdoor Type Distribution

Transformer

 MSEDCL Infra-II approved manufacturers of Distribution Transformer

 Distribution transformers from 100 kVA to 5000 kVA, 11/33 kV class

 Power Transformers up to 25 MVA 132/110 kV class and
 Furnace Transformers of 10 MVA – 6 Pulse, 12 Pulse, 24 Pulse
 Rectifier Transformers – 6 /12 Pulse & 12 Pulse Extended Delta Transformers
 Current Transformers 11/33 kV class
 Potential Transformers 11/33 kV class
 Earthing Transformers
 Resin cast Dry Type Transformers

Ratings:
The transformer’s MV.A rating is usually determined based on the system
expected load growth, available generation and expected rate of return on
the investment. The business plan is based on capital cost recovery,
depreciation rate and the profit to be made each year. Transformer
applications such as two winding, autotransformer, stepup or step-down
etc. influence the transformer rating. Other factors such as expected power
demand growth and load factor have a large influence in determining the
transformer rating.

CSA-C88-M90 clause 4.1 defines the rating as follows. “the rated load in
MV.A together with any other assigned characteristics, such as voltage,
current, and frequency assigned by the manufacturer. It shall be regarded as
a test rating that defines an output that can be taken from the apparatus
under prescribed conditions of test, and within the limitations of this
standard”. Further, ‘Basis of MV.A’ is defined in section 7.2. IEEE standard
C57.12.80-2010 clause 3.355 states the rating as follows:- “The rating of a
transformer consists of a volt-ampere output together with any other
characteristics, such as voltage, current, frequency, power factor, and
temperature rise, assigned to it by the manufacturer. It is regarded as a
rating associated with an output that can be taken from the transformer
conditions and limitations of established standards”. IEEE standard
C57.12.00-2010 clause 5.4.1 describes the rating as follows. “The rated KV.A
of a transformer shall be the output that can be delivered for the time
specified at rated secondary voltage and rated frequency without exceeding
the specified temperature-rise limitations under prescribed conditions of
test, and within the limits of established standards”.
IEC 60076-1, 2000 clause 4.1 states the rating as follows:- “The interpretation
of rated power according to this sub-clause implies that it is a value of
apparent power input to the transformer.

This is different from the method used on US tradition (ANSI/IEEE

C57.12.00), where ‘rated KV.A’ is ‘the output that can be delivered at …
rated secondary voltage…’ According to that method, allowance for voltage
drop has to be made in the design so that the necessary primary voltage can
be applied to the transformer”. If transformers are purchased per IEEE
standard, the electrical location of the taps (in HV, in LV, in series winding,
in common winding etc.), application of the taps (for input voltage
fluctuations or for output voltage regulation), and whether the transformers
are operated as step-down or for step-up determine different MV.A ratings
for the input and output circuits (HV and LV). Considering this, some users
make the calculations themselves and specify the currents for each winding.

This is preferred since if left to the manufacturers, each manufacturer could

calculate the currents differently. Many users have standardized the
transformer MV.A ratings used in their systems. This is based on overall
economy (resulting in fewer spare transformers) and the flexibility of
moving the transformers to different stations in their system. Site location
and transportation limitations can limit the MV.A rating of the transformer.
Input and output (HV and LV) voltage ratings are determined by the
economics of power transmission based on the total MV.A to be
transported, length of transmission lines etc.
Conclusion: By this survey we get to know about transformer and its types,
applications and manufacturing industries.
THANK You