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    RIZAL Reporting Notes

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    Ryann Dizon
    1) Jose Rizal was born in 1861 in the Philippines and was executed in 1896 for his nationalist writings and activities. 2) During the 19th century, the Philippine economy boomed as ports opened to world trade under policies of free trade replacing mercantilism. This led to the rise of a Filipino middle and upper class and greater opportunities for education. 3) Political instability in Spain and frequent changes in Philippine governors undermined development efforts in the Philippines and contributed to corruption, limited self-governance, and motivated nationalist figures like Rizal to advocate for reform.

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    RIZAL Reporting Notes

    Uploaded by

    Ryann Dizon
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    1) Jose Rizal was born in 1861 in the Philippines and was executed in 1896 for his nationalist writings and activities. 2) During the 19th century, the Philippine economy boomed as ports opened to world trade under policies of free trade replacing mercantilism. This led to the rise of a Filipino middle and upper class and greater opportunities for education. 3) Political instability in Spain and frequent changes in Philippine governors undermined development efforts in the Philippines and contributed to corruption, limited self-governance, and motivated nationalist figures like Rizal to advocate for reform.

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    1) Jose Rizal was born in 1861 in the Philippines and was executed in 1896 for his nationalist writings and activities. 2) During the 19th century, the Philippine economy boomed as ports opened to world trade under policies of free trade replacing mercantilism. This led to the rise of a Filipino middle and upper class and greater opportunities for education. 3) Political instability in Spain and frequent changes in Philippine governors undermined development efforts in the Philippines and contributed to corruption, limited self-governance, and motivated nationalist figures like Rizal to advocate for reform.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    50 views3 pages

    RIZAL Reporting Notes

    Uploaded by

    Ryann Dizon
    1) Jose Rizal was born in 1861 in the Philippines and was executed in 1896 for his nationalist writings and activities. 2) During the 19th century, the Philippine economy boomed as ports opened to world trade under policies of free trade replacing mercantilism. This led to the rise of a Filipino middle and upper class and greater opportunities for education. 3) Political instability in Spain and frequent changes in Philippine governors undermined development efforts in the Philippines and contributed to corruption, limited self-governance, and motivated nationalist figures like Rizal to advocate for reform.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    RIZAL Reporting Notes

    Birthdate: June 19, 1861, 35 year old, December 30, 1896 – died
    19th Century – 1800s – 1899
    Economic Development
    Why were the Philippine economy booms during 19th century?
    - There is a positive change, a change from Mercantilism (strict regulation to trading with
    foreign trading monopolies) to Free Trade/ Laissez Faire
    - Mercantilism Economy – Ex. Ph wants to import abaca to France – impossible. All goods
    will go to Spain first. Spain then will sell the goods to other country.
    - Mercantilist Economy is disadvantageous to the colonist but advantageous to the
    imperialist.
    - The opening of ports to world trade. (Iloilo, Cebu, and Manila), there is a rise to export
    economy. (There is an increase in demand of agricultural products),
    - Led to the rise of Filipino middle and upper class. Rented land from the friars
    (hacienderos during that time), they tended the land to farm and hire farmers. Then sell it
    to traders.
    - Used the money for education of their children. Like Rizal, Luna and Del Pilar.
    - There is an enlightenment. Filipino children are radicalized. It became a catalyst to
    Filipino Nationalism.
    Political Development
    Situation in Spain during 19th century.
    - Liberals vs. Conservative in Spain. (Political Instability)
    - Liberals wants to vote their leaders, for democracy, freedom of speech, press, assembly.
    Conservatives on the other hand wanted to continue their rule.
    - Intermittent civil wars lost most of its colonies in South America.
    Effects of political instability to Philippines.
    - 1853 – 1898, 41 Governor Generals. Constant practice of replacing Governador General.
    - Negative effect: No consistent policies, projects will not be finished.
    - Philippines became dumping ground for inept bureaucrats. Qualification is just loyal to
    the crown.
    - Failure to achieve consistent policies. Hence Political instability.
    - Rampant graft and corruption.
    - A. Failure to provide basic needs like public works, school, and peace and order.
    - B. Taxes were never fully utilized.
    - C. Limited participation of Filipinos in Government. Highest position is
    Gobernadorcillo.
    Conclusion:
    Mercantilism to Free Trade became a catalyst for the rise of Filipino middle-upper class.
    - The opening of ports of the Philippines to the world help in the development of Filipinos
    with financial power.
    - This help making the young Filipinos experience liberal education, not just here in the
    Philippines but also abroad.
    Led to the education of many middle-upper class Filipinos such as Rizal
    - Ilustrados – enlightened ones, the educated class
    - They created the propaganda movement
    - It is in the school they learned and realize the different forms of injustices and abuses
    done by the Spanish.

    Incompetent leadership and rampant government corruption became the reason for Rizal’s
    voicing out for government reforms.
    - The 300 years of Spanish rule did not bring any positive development for the Philippines,
    primarily only a decline when compared to the world.
    - Moreover, there are inconsistencies in terms of policies and projects
    - In other words, it became anti-development.
    Motivated Rizal to advocate for the education of Filipinos.
    - When you analyze Rizal from the past readings, what he’s thinking is mainly for the
    human development of Filipinos. He wants development from within. This is to stop the
    abuses by the government and church because these institutions exploited the
    “guillibilty” of Filipinos. When you think about it, it can be the only way to fight a
    bloodless revolution against Spain.
    Cultural Development
    - Ilustrados – enlightened ones, the educated class
    - They created the propaganda movement
    - It is in the school they learned and realize the different forms of injustices and abuses
    done by the Spanish.
    Questions for CD
    “Why do you think the Jesuits still taught the values of human dignity, equality and justice even
    though it might promote Filipino nationalism which the Spanish colonizers certainly do not
    want.”
    Religious Development
    - Priests are considered most evil of all men. – Rizal
    -

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