Ambo University: Final Internship Report
Ambo University: Final Internship Report
Ambo University: Final Internship Report
Ambo University
Name Id.no
1.
2.
3.
4.
August, 2021
Ambo, Ethiopia
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
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Acknowledgment
It’s my pleasure to thanks Madda Walabu University for setting up this internship program. Also
thanks to Ethio telecom for allowing me to work and introduce me with the technologies
currently being used and I would like to give special thanks to employee of Ethio telecom Mr.
Ermias, Ms. Rahel and all of Ethio telecom employee. Thanks to our supervisors for helping us
and guiding us from the beginning of this internship program and until day of presentation.
Moreover I would like to thanks my families for everything they have done for me.
Executive summery
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
By taken the aim of the internship practice in to consideration as I’m the one the students in
Madda Walabu University I spent that last semester in this program. This intern ship practice is
takes place in Ethio telecom, one of the companies in the country. In this report to explain in
detail almost all things related to intern ship experience starting from how im join Ethio telecom
up to the final day i leave in the company including all the actions between these times. As the
outline for this report states and for the sake of clear and precise understanding of the written
matter to divide into chapters. In the first chapter to elaborates the hosting company detail. This
part describe the brief history, the main products or services, the main customers or the end users
of its products or services, the overall organizational strategy, organizational structure and work
flow of the company. In the second chapter is also about the overall experience I have gained,
section of the company that i were working in and its work flow, the task i have allocated, the
challenge i faced and measures taken in order to overcome these challenges while doing my task.
In the third chapter also describes the benefits i have gained from the internship program. Such
as benefits gained in terms of improving practical skills, theoretical knowledge, and inter
personal communication skills and understanding about work ethics related issues. Finally there
is conclusion and recommendations on the overall program and for the company as seen from my
point of view.
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
Contents
Acknowledgment............................................................................................................................i
Executive summery.......................................................................................................................ii
Acronyms......................................................................................................................................iii
List of Figure................................................................................................................................iii
List of Table..................................................................................................................................iv
CHAPTER ONE............................................................................................................................0
1. Background of Ethio Telecom..................................................................................................0
1.1. History of Ethio telecom.......................................................................................................0
1.3. Vision....................................................................................................................................2
1.4. Mission..................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER TWO...........................................................................................................................7
2. over all about internship...........................................................................................................7
2.1. Objective of internship..........................................................................................................7
CHAPTER THREE.....................................................................................................................18
3. The overall benefits I have gained from internship............................................................18
3.1. Practical skill.......................................................................................................................18
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
CHAPTER FOUR.......................................................................................................................19
4. Conclusion and Recommendation..........................................................................................19
4.1. Conclusion..........................................................................................................................19
4.2 Recommendation.................................................................................................................19
Acronyms
ADSL Asynchronous digital subscriber line
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
List of Figure
Figure 1: Organization Objectives of the company ...................................................................4
Figure 2: Work flow of the company ....................................................................................... 15
Figure 3: customer service division .......................................................................................... 18
Figure 4: Structure of call center ............................................................................................. 19
Figure 5: The organization structure of information system ................................................ 25
Figure 6: Structure of GSM networking ................................................................................ 29
Figure 7: Use case diagram ....................................................................................................... 40
Figure 8: Flow chart of login ..................................................................................................... 46
FIGURE 9: Flow chart of import file ....................................................................................... 47
Figure 10: Flow chart of fetch data .......................................................................................... 48
Figure 11: Flow chart of archive data ...................................................................................... 49
Figure 12: F low chart of send report ....................................................................................... 50
Figure 13: ER diagram of the databas ................................................................................... 51
Figure 14: Data base system ...................................................................................................... 52
List of Table
Table 1.1: Organization structure of Ethio Telecom ...............................................................14
Table 2.1: Customer call center reason category .....................................................................35
Table 4.1: Login access .............................................................................................................. 41
Table 4.2: Fetch data access .......................................................................................................42
Table 4.3: Import data access ................................................................................................... 43
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Final internship report January 1, 2021
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Final internship report 2021
CHAPTER ONE
By the year of 2005 on January ETC transferred from narrow band system to broad band service.
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As of 2007, IP based Next Generation Network of Fixed Telephone Lines, Third Generation
Network (3G) of mobile service based on Wideband Code Division Multiple Access(WCDMA),
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Dense Wavelength Division Multiple (DWDM)
based Optical Fiber Transmission have been introduced in Ethiopia. At last when we come to
recent days we can see the transformation from ETC to Ethio Telecom. As a continuation of the
last five years plan and after concentrating its efforts on educations health and agriculture, the
Ethiopian government have decided to focus on the improvement of telecommunication service,
considering them as a key in the development of Ethiopia.
Ethio telecom was born on Monday 29th November 2010, from this ambition of supporting the
steady growth of our country as public enterprise on proclamation no 197/2010 of council of
ministers. Ethio Telecom as a company is governed by the supervision authority (board of
directors). The organizational structure, vision and mission, end users and services and products
will be covered in the next sections of this chapter.
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1.3. Vision
To be a world class provider of telecoms services.
1.4. Mission
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are two types of customers in Ethio Telecom which will be discussed in the next sections) the
overall description of main products and services is as follows.
1. Mobile services
The service is given using SIM (Subscriber Identity Module). It has voice, data, SMS, and other
value added capabilities, in order to use the service in pre-paid scenario; it is required to charge
using stretchable cards and for post paid services, users are charged at the end of every month
(usage charge + rent) .
•Before using this service the message service center should be set by putting +25191129970
Call divert
•It allows an incoming call to called party to be redirected to another mobile or fixed telephone
number.
Call waiting
•Is a feature that alerts someone using the phone to an incoming call and allows switching
between calls.
Call Barring
•This service enables to restrict or bar certain or all types of calls to and from your mobile phone
•To use this service it needs to visit nearby sales office and subscription is required
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General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
•It provides moderate speed data by using unused microwave resources in the GSM network
Less interference
Signal strength
Much greater distances
Higher frequency range
Greater bandwidth
Faster connection speeds
Broad band internet is a relatively fast than narrow band internet service provided thoroughly
wired and wireless connections.
The wired broad band is provided through copper or fiber cables with different access methods
( ADSL ). It can be provided with different speed depending on customer’s requirement and the
access they use. Customers can buy CPEs (Customer Premises Equipment) or rent from Ethio
Telecom.
Through ADSL customers will get a better, affordable, reliable and faster internet connects.
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B .Broad band data (MPLS-VPN)
The organizational structure of the company can be depicted as shown in the following table
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Table 1.1 organizational structure of Ethio telecom
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CHAPTER TWO
We will develop skills and techniques directly applicable to the careers we hold.
Internships will provide us the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive to effective
. interpersonal relationships
will provide us to have depth knowledge of the formal functional activities of
a participating organization.
Internship programs will help to develop problem solving skills.
2.3 Overall System Components found in Dambi dolo Ethio telecom IT Center working
world.
2.3.1 Building Network Installation
Building NW installation is simply inserting a NW service in to the Building or making the NW
available within the building. NW installation is mainly important for resources sharing.
CAT6UTP cable is used for the connection in our case. Because UTP cables are economically
feasible and well protected.CAT6 UTP cable has 4 pairs twisted. Out of these 4 pairs; 2 pairs are
used for TX (transmission of text) and the remaining 2 pairs are used for RX (receiving of text).
The 4 pairs are punched to the outlet according to the given order of standard B. actually the
outlet has two standards: namely standard A and standard B. It has been also seen that 2 pairs of
wires (white orange, orange, white green and green) are used to test the presence of adapter with
in a computer. There are two types of connections in the case of NW installation. These are:
straight through and cross over. Straight through is used to connect different devices (e.g.
computer with printer) and cross over is used to connect similar devices (e.g. computer to
computer). But for now straight through connection is our issue. The placement of colors in both
connections is shown in table 1 below.
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Table 1:- :- Orders of wires at the RJ_45
Straight through connection Cross over connection
White orange White green
Orange Green
White green White orange
Blue Blue
White blue White blue
Green Orange
White brown White brown
Brown Brown
Networks are extremely complex but are the very back bone of every business. We at NIS fully
understand the requirements of our clients which is why you the client are our first priority. In
general network installation is the interconnection of different data center and share the
information technically. During the interconnection of the data centers all the clients connects
each other and also to the server that controls all the data that flowing through it. So everyone
who install network should have to know how to interconnect and considers any engineering
aspect as well as economic aspects to keep up with safety.
Overall tasks performed are briefly explained below:-
2.3.2 Cabling
Cables are used to connect one network device to other network devices or to connect two or
more computers to share printer, scanner etc. Different types of network cables like
Coaxialcable, Optical fiber cable, Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the network's
topology, protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g. via Ethernet) or
nearly unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of the Internet).There are several types
of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network will utilize only one
type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable types. The type of cable chosen for a
network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size.
.
Depending on devices they connect to share data by twisted pair cable, cabling of twisted pair
cabling is divided into two major parts:
Straight through
Crossover
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Straight through
Straight through cable is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable for LAN use for which the RJ-
45 connectors at each end have the same pin out. The wires on the cable are crossed over so that
they receive signal pins on the connector on one end are connected to the transmit signal pins on
the connector on the other end. Straight-through cable is used to connect computers and other
end-user devices (e.g., printers) to networking devices such as hubs and switches. It can also be
used to directly connect like devices (e.g., two hubs or two switches) if the cable is plugged
intoan uplink port on one (but not both) of the devices.
In general straight through cable we used to connect like:-
Computers with switch
Routers with switch
Switch with hub
Table 2:- straight through cable color arrangement
RJ45 No.1 Pin# Pin# RJ45 No.1
White Green 1 1 White Green
Green 2 2 Green
White Orange 3 3 White orange
Blue 4 4 Blue
White Blue 5 5 White Blue
Orange 6 6 Orange
White Brown 7 7 White Brown
Brown 8 8 Brown
Cross over cable
Cross over cable is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable for LAN use for which the second
and third pairs on one end of the cable will be reversed on the other end. Cross over cabling is
used as a backbone cable to connect two or more switches in LAN, or connect two isolated hosts
to create a mini-LAN. Crossover cable is used to connect two like devices without the use of an
uplink port.
In general we used Cross over cable to connect like:
Two computers
Two routers
Two switch
Two PC’
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Table 3:- cross over cooler of cable arrangement
RJ45 NO.1 Pin# Pin# RJ45No.1
White Green 1 1 White Green
Green 2 2 Green
White orange 3 3 White orange
Blue 4 4 Blue
White Blue 5 5 White Blue
Orange 6 6 Orange
White Brown 7 7 White Brown
Brown 8 8 Brown
.
Those are:
Customer services
Information system
The Network PMO Department 7
The Network Engineering Department
The Network O&M Department
The Fixed Access Network Department
There was lottery provided to select what section (division) students going to join. So randomly I
picked to customer service, information system, network operation and maintenance.
1. Customer service
Customer service is a series of activities designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction
that is the feeling that a product or service has met the customer expectation.
The importance of customer service may vary by product or service, industry and customer. The
perception of success of such interactions will be dependent on employees who can adjust
themselves to the personality of the guest. customer service plays an important role in an
organization`s ability to generate income and revenue.
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Figure 3: Customer Service Division
Front Office (FO) department is led by an officer. The department has two sections: Contact
Center Section and TT Section. Here are summary activities of the sections:
As the name indicates it is a section where our customers can contact Ethio telecom for
complaint, enquiry, request, feedback, and so on. The means of contact so far is via phone and
will be a multiple channel contact center very soon.
All activities of the contact center are managed system wise all KPIs are managed and
controlled system based in three sites .
The structure of contact center
Introduction
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It integrates the access processing technologies of media such as the Internet, VoIP,
Email, fax and video. Basic Concepts of IPCC
The operations support has its own mission Support the operational functions to optimize quality
and productivity in delivering the service to the customer
Generally, operations support department has the following major activities:-
Technical support services attempt to help the user solve specific problems with a product rather
than providing training, customization, or other support service
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2 Information system
These are;-
1. Core Network
2. GSM Mobile (Global System for Mobile Communication)
GSM is the world’s most popular standard for mobile telephone systems. The GSM standard has
been an advantage to both consumers, who may benefit from the ability to roam and switch
carriers without replacing phones, and also to network operators, who can choose equipment
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from many GSM equipment vendors. The standard includes a worldwide emergency telephone
number feature.
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2. BSS (BTS and BSC)
3. NSS (MSC and VLR)
4. HLR
Generally, the element of the GSM mobile and their description is described bellow
1. Mobile Station
The mobile station (MS) comprises all user equipment and software needed for
communication with a mobile network. The mobile station refers to global system connected
to the mobile network. The MS consists of two parts.
Mobile Phone
SIM Card
2. Base Station Subsystem (BSS)
The base station subsystem (BSS) is the section of network which is responsible for handling
traffic and signaling between a phone and the network switching subsystem. Controls the
radio link with MS. Contain two parts, described below.
BTS, contains the equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals (transceivers), antennas,
and equipment for encrypting and decrypting communications with the base station
controller(BSC).A base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site is a piece of equipment that
facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) like mobile phone. Handles
radio link protocols with MS.
BSC has tens or even hundreds of BTSs under its control. The BSC handles allocation of radio
channels, receives measurements from the mobile phones, and controls handovers from BTS to
BTS. A key function of the BSC is to act as a concentrator where many different low capacity
connections to BTSs (with relatively low utilization) become reduced to a smaller number of
connections towards the mobile switching center(MSC) (with a high level of utilization). BSC
manages radio networks.
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3. Network Switching Subsystem (NSS)
NSS (or GSM core network) is the component of a GSM system that carries out call switching
and mobility management functions for mobile phones roaming on the network of base stations.
It is owned and deployed by mobile phone operators and allows mobile devices to communicate
with each other and telephones in the wider Public Switched Telephone Network or (PSTN). It
contains MSC and VLR.
The CDMA VLR is a database that contains temporary information about subscribers which is
needed by the MSC in order to service visiting subscribers. When a mobile station roams into a
new MSC area, the VLR connected to that mobile switching center will request data about the
mobile station from the home location register, reducing the need for interrogation of the home
location register.
3.6.Transmission
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CHAPTER THREE
Reading documents
Having a knowledge on different issues about the company
Gathering information from agents and supervisor
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CHAPTER FOUR
4.1. Conclusion
Generally, on this internship report we have covered all what we have done in our internship
practice period including the historical background of the hosting company and the overall
benefit we gained from the practice session. Ethio Telecom is a newly emerging company as a
telecommunications sector in Ethiopia after the transformation from Ethiopian
Telecommunication Corporation the former telecom company in Ethiopia
company. Ethio Telecom has two types of customers as a company, namely residential and
enterprise customers. On our stay in Ethio Telecom we have done system project. This is because
that the projects given for the students give a chance to get a clear understanding about the
theoretical knowledge they gather during the stay on their university. More than the
improvements regarding theoretical knowledge the project also give a chance for the internship
students to improve their practical skill and what will be the result when their theoretical
knowledge applied to practical session
Generally, internship program is a bridge that links the student with the company. The practical
work helps us to eliminate much confusion I had with the theoretical knowledge. Working in
Ethio telecom helps us to understand how much punctuality is needed at work places and also we
understand how much work ethics is important. Also developed many skills but mainly we have
increased on practical skills, team playing and communication skills.
4.2 Recommendation
This company has planned, scheduled and provide knowledge and experience for intern students
and give special attention for the Internship program. As we all know Ethio telecom is the only
service provider in our country. So I’m so lucky to work in this company During stay in this
company there is good and bad side that I realized. I would like recommend the company for the
future intern students.
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Selecting division should be based on interest than with lottery provided by the
company. In order to work on profession or based on department students are into.
Our supervisors work by shift. So it makes it hard to contact them. Rather it should be
someone who works on office hour.
Generally, we recommend to designed this project can be improved to solve specific
problem which faces in the company. Also it was better to learn about PHP, ASP.
NET and other related lab.
4.3 References
my references are the following sites as well as some information collected manually.
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