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Pursue passions until success was no longer just a dream Sam – English teacher
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PART 1: VOCAB & GRAMMAR – UNIT 8:

NATURAL WORLD
Exercise 1: Put the words in the correct categories to complete the table.
bear shark butterfly eagle snake crocodile whale penguin
salmon bee seahorse rabbit frog lizard parrot ant

Mammals Reptiles Amphibians Fish Birds Insects

Exercise 2: Complete the text. Use the words and phrases in the box.
common conservation endangered species habitat population rare risk wildlife
I believe that people have a responsibility to take care of (1) _________________. The best way to do this is to
protect the places where they live – their natural (2) _________________. That’s why I decided to take part in a local
(3) _________________ project to protect the plants and animals in a forest near my town. The forest is home to several
(4) _________________ – types of animals and plants which may soon not exist because there are so few of them. For
example, there are some very (5) _________________ birds, which are only found in a few small areas now – there
are probably fewer than 500 of them left in the wild. Fifty years ago, there were lots of them everywhere – they were a
lot more (6) ______________. Anyway, thanks to our conservation project, the bird (7) _______________ is slowly
going up again. The birds are still at (8) _________________, but hopefully we’ll be able to save them.

Exercise 3: Match the words and phrases with the definitions.

1. The general name for the natural world: the air, water and land in or on which people, A. the greenhouse
animals and plants live: effect
2. Connected to the protection of the environment: B. global warming
3. The increase in world temperatures: C. green issues
4. The layer of air high above the Earth that protects it from the sun’s rays: D. greenhouse gases
5. Changes in the world’s weather due to air pollution: E. pollution
6. Damage to water, air or land due to human behavior: F. the environment
7. When heat from the Earth can’t escape into space, and so the Earth gets hotter and hotter: G. climate change
8. Gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) which stop heat from the Earth escaping into space: H. the ozone layer

Exercise 4: Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1. Is it too late to cause/ produce/ save our planet? I don’t think so.
2. I think we should do more to damage/ destroy/ protect the environment.
3. Power stations don’t just damage/ produce/ survive electricity; they also cause pollution.
4. A lot of people believe that pollution causes/ goes/ saves global warming, but some people think the Earth is getting
hotter by itself.
5. The population fell to below 100 animals, but a group of conservationists worked very hard and the number is now
declining/ dying/ increasing – it’s going up again.
6. I think it’s wrong to cut down rainforests and destroy/ go/ recover animals’ natural habitats.
7. When we cut down rainforests, etc., we make it impossible for the animals and plants that live there to protect/ save/
survive.
8. Don’t break the branches on that tree! It’s alive and you’re causing/ damaging/ recovering it!

Exercise 5: Read the sentences. How is the speaker using the modal verbs in bold? Match the correct
descriptions with the sentences. Use the descriptions in the box.
1. Crocodile can swim fast over short distance.
2. Some species of crocodile might not exist in a few years’ time.
A. To talk about a future possibility
3. Crocodile can’t breathe underwater.
B. To talk about a lack of ability to do
4. Crocodile may survive in other habitats, not just freshwater
something in the present and past
areas.
C. To talk about a possibility in the present
5. The number of endangered crocodiles could increase as a result
D. To talk about an ability to do something
of conservation efforts.
in the present and past
6. If people understood crocodiles better and were less afraid of
them, this could help their survival.

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Exercise 6: Complete the conversation using can, could, may or might
Student 1: Our teacher’s asked us to write an essay on natural world for homework. I’m not sure what to write about. I
(1) _________ write so many things.
Student 2: You (2) _________ ask the teacher for help, you know.
Student 1: No, it’s alright. If I ask her, she (3) _________ think that I’m asking her for the answer. I think I might write
about the destruction of rainforests. What about you?
Student 2: Oh, I’m going to write about what we (4) _________ do to slow down global warming. I’m going to write
about how we (5) _________ be more ‘green’. People (6) _________ not realize that even small changes might make
a big difference.
Student 1: Good idea. You (7) _________ talk about people recycling their rubbish.
Student 2: Yes, I (8) _________ do that. I’m not sure yet. I need to write a plan first.
Student 1: Me too!

Exercise 7: Match the examples in the box with the correct reasons for using the present perfect.
A. I’ve felt very strongly about green issues since I was a child.
B. I’ve just bought a pet snake. Do you want to see it?
C. I’ve never seen a bear in the wild, but I’ve seen them in zoos.
D. That poor sparrow can’t fly because it’s broken it’s wing.
E. The squirrel population has now reached 500, so I hope it’ll reach our target of 750 soon.
F. We’ve already done the report for the conservation project.

1. ____ We use the present perfect to talk about our progress through a list of jobs. I’ve already done it often means ‘I
don’t need to do it again’. I haven’t done it yet often means ‘I still need to do it’.
2. ____ We use the present perfect to talk about news – things that the listener probably doesn’t already know. I’ve
just done it means ‘ I did it very recently’.
3. ____ We use the present perfect to show the past reason for a present situation (often with can/ can’t). We often
use because to show this relationship.
4. ____ We use the present to talk about the present results of a process that is continuing now. We often use
numbers to present these results, and phrases like so far or up to now.
5. ____ We use the present perfect to talk about our experiences – things that have happened in our lifetime. We
usually ask questions with Have you ever …? and we use never in negative sentences about experiences.
6. ____ We use the present perfect to measure a period of time from a point in the past (e.g. yesterday) to the
present moment. We usually ask questions with How long ..? and use for (e.g. for a week) or since (e.g. since
yesterday) to describe the period of time.

Exercise 8: Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

already always ever just long never since so far yet
1. I’ve _______________ been to a zoo and I don’t want to go. I think animals should be free.
2. The hole in the ozone layer has _______________ grown very big.
3. Have you _______________ seen a shark?
4. Average temperatures around the world have been risen by 2◦C _______________ as a result of global warming,
and they’ll probably continue to rise.
5. Green issues have become a lot more popular _______________ the 1980s and 1990s.
6. I’ve _______________ seen an eagle! It flew over that field a few minutes ago.
7. Politicians keep saying they want to stop global warming, but they haven’t done much about it _______________.
8. How _______________ have scientists known about the hole in the ozone layer?
9. I’ve _______________ loved plants and animals, ever since I can remember.

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PART 2: READING – UNIT 8: NATURAL WORLD

Exercise 1: In this unit, you will look at IELTS Reading four-option multiple choice questions and a diagram
label completion task. You will read a text on the topic of survival techniques. What vocabulary do you
already know on the topic of survival techniques? Choose the correct words to complete the definitions.
1. When levels of water in your body become lower than normal: container/ evaporation/ dehydration
2. To become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.: consume/ trap/ reduce
3. To eat, drink or use something, especially in large amounts: consume/ trap/ reduce
4. When a liquid changes into a gas (e.g. water turning into steam): container/ evaporation/ dehydration
5. An object, such as a box or a bottle, that can be used for holding something: container/ evaporation/ dehydration
6. Successful or achieving the results that you want: effective/ consume/ container
7. To keep something such as heat or water in one place, especially because it is useful (verb): reduce/ dehydrate/ trap

Exercise 2: Read the information. Then read the first paragraph. Choose the correct answer for the question.
In an IELTS Reading four – option multiple choice task, the question are in the same order as the information in the
text, so the answer to the first question will be before the answer to the second question, etc.
Only one option is correct, so when you have found the part of the text that answers your question, you should read
the text and each option A – D carefully – to make sure the option you choose matches exactly what the text says.
Dealing with survival situations in the wild
Over the last few years, there has been an increase in the number of television program that show experts explaining
how to survive in the wild. They use their experience to create fires, build shelters, find water and decide which plants
are safe to eat and which might kill you. While these programs are no doubt highly entertaining, what is less certain is
how successful they are at really educating viewers at home. Last year, over 2,300 hikers were reported lost in the
wild in the USA. While most of them were eventually rescued, not all were so lucky. Some of the survivors told their
rescuers that they had been these kinds of television program, and had believed they had learnt some useful skills. It
turned out, however, that building a fire from wet wood and finding a source of clean water was a lot harder than they
had imagined.
1. What does the writer say about television programs on the subject of surviving in the wild?
A. The people who make the programs know little about of surviving in the wild?
B. The people who appear on the programs are never in real danger themselves.
C. The programs fail to make ordinary people aware of how difficult it is to survive.
D. The programs should not discuss the stories of people who have not survived.

Exercise 3: Read the second and third paragraphs of the text. Choose the correct answer for the questions.
The human body is approximately 75% water – and this water has several important functions, including
keeping the body at the right temperature. If a peron doesn’t drink water, it will take only two or three days for them to
become dehydrated, and their body temperature may either drop or rise to dangerous levels. Often it is the case that
hikers or campers who are lost in the wild don’t start thinking about how they can find a new source of water untill they
run out of it, by which time it may be too late. They haven’t thought about the consequences of dehydration, and
neither do they recognise the warning signs. An ache in the kidneys, a headache, general confusion – all of these can
tell someone that they are in need of water.
The average person loses 2 -3 litres of water every day just through normal activities such as breathing. It’s
impossible to avoid losing water form body, but there are ways to slow it down. For example, when it may be
necessary to build a shelter in the wild to sleep in, this should be carried out in the shade rather than in full sun. This
reduces the amount of sweat which is produced when body temperature rises, which is, of course, water leaving the
body. Some people may find it surprising that eating may increase chances of dehydration, but digestion does require
water, so eating should be avoided if water is short. Hiking at night when the temperature drops is also option, but only
if hikers have a good torch or there is a full moon.
1. In the second paragraph, the writer makes the point that
A. The speed at which dehydration occurs in people depends on the enviroment.
B. People use all the water they have and only then start thinking how to get more.
C. Most people know when they are beginning to suffer from dehydration.
D. Peple should find out where water is located before they go hiking?
2. What recommendation does the writer make for reducing water loss?
A. It’s never a good idea to travel fater the sun has gone down.
B. It’s best to consume food in small amounts and regularly.
C. Hiker shoulf not waste their time making a basic place to stay in.
D. It’s a good idea to keep cool while dong any activity.

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Exercise 4: Read the information. Then look at the diagram of the process involved in a solar still. Put the
sentences in the correct order to complete the description of the process.
In the IELTS Reading test, you may have to label a diagram. In order to do this, you will need to read carefully to
understand a process that is described in the text and shown in the diagram.

Order Sentences
a) So how does a solar still work?
b) Even though the salt content in this kind of water is great, the processes of evaporation and
condensation will remote it, and then the water can be drunk.
c) The hole is then covered with a plastic sheet, as this kind of material will trap rising water as it
evaporates.
d) Once the gas cools and turns back into water, it can fall into the container below.
e) If people are near an ocean, water from here can be added to a second, larger container, and placed
beneath the narrow one.
f) A deep hole is dug into the ground and a narrow container is placed at the bottom of it.
g) To ensure that the maximum amount of water possible is collected, a heavy object such as a small rock
should be placed in a central position above the container so that the water drops can fall directly into it.

Exercise 5: Read the text and look carefully at the diagram. Then label the diagram with the bold words from
the text.
For an IELTS Reading diagram labeling task, you should look carefully at the diagram to understand how it related
to the description in the text. This will help you to quickly locate the answers you need.
So how does a solar still work? A deep hole is dug into the ground and a narrow container is placed at the bottom
of it. The hole is then covered with a plastic sheet, as this kind of material will trap rising water as it evaporates. Once
the gas cools and turns back into water, it can fall into the container below. To ensure that he maximum amount of water
possible is collected, a heavy object such as a small rock should be placed in a central position above the container so
that the water drops can fall directly into it. If people are near an ocean, water from here can be added to a second,
larger container, and placed beneath the narrow one. Even though the salt content in this kind of water is great, the
processes of evaporation and condensation will remote it, and then the water can be drunk.

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Exercise 6: Read the complete description of a solar still and label the diagram. Write NO MORE THAN TWO
WORDS for each question.
A solar still
In situations when people are unable to locate a stream or river, there are certain ways they can get water which are
less difficult than others. Building a simple structure called a solar still is one of these methods, but it will be most
effective in regions which have dramatic temperature change. This is because, in very hot environments, lots of water
is taken up into the air and turns into gas, a process called evaporation. At night time, however, when it is far cooler, the
air releases the water again – the process of condensation.
So how does a solar still work? A deep hole is dug into the ground and a narrow container is placed at the bottom of
it. The hole is then covered with a plastic sheet, as this kind of material will trap rising water as it evaporates. Once the
gas cools and turns back into water, it can fall into the container below. To ensure that the maximum amount of water
possible is collected, a heavy object such as a small rock should be placed in a central position above the container so
that the water drops can fall directly into it. If people are near an ocean, water from here can be added to a second,
larger container, and placed beneath the narrow one. Even though the salt content in this kind of water is great, the
processes of evaporation and condensation will remove it, and then the water can be drunk.
Using the solar-still method will not produce enough water for people to collect and travel with, but it can ensure
survival while people are waiting for rescue.

____________
____________

_______________

____________

PART 3: LISTENING – UNIT 8: NATURAL WORLD

Exercise 1: In this unit, you will practise the skills you need to complete an IELTS Listening note completion
task. You will also hear a talk connected with the topic of transport. This is a common topic in IELTS, so it is a
good idea to think about some vocabulary you might hear. Match the words in the box with the definitions.
1. a railway system in which trains travel through tunnels below a city: A. destination
2. something that gives travel information to drivers and other road users: B. elevator
3. a particular way or direction from one place to another: C. fare
4. a special part of a road that can only be used by certain kinds of transport (e.g. buses or taxis): D. hire
5. car, buses and other kinds of transport moving along a road: E. lane
6. a machine, usually with wheels and an engine, used for transporting people or things,
F. route
especially on roads:
7. to pay use something for a short period of time (e.g. a car): hire G. sign
8. The money that you pay for a journey (e.g. on a bus or a train): fare H. traffic
9. the place where someone is going or where something is being sent or taken: I. underground
10. something that moves up and down, carrying people or things to different floors of a building: J. vehicle

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Exercise 2: Read the information. Then listen to the recording and answer the questions. (Track 8.1)
In Section 2 and 4 of the IELTS Listening test, you will hear only one speaker. Before you hear the talk, you will
hear an announcer give a short description of the context ( the speaker, the time, place or purpose of the talk). For
example:
You will hear a man talking about different kind of transport people can use in as city.
At the beginning of the talk, the speaker will usually give more information about the context. You should pay
attention to this information, because it is often easier to understand what a speaker is saying if you know who they
are and why they are speaking.
1. Where is the speaker talking?
A. at a university B. at a community centre D. at a train station
2. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. some people who have lived in the area for a long time
B. some peope from another country
C. some people who have recently moved to the area
3. What is the purpose of the speaker’s talk?
A. to give advice for travelling in a city
B. to describe plans for the future of transport in the city
D. to offer free travel around a city.

Exercise 3: Before you listen, it is a good idea to guess what kind of words you need to listen for (e.g. nouns,
adjectives, verbs, etc.) and what kind of information is missing. Read the information. Then read the
descriptions and the notes. Write the correct description (A–H) for the missing words (1–10) in the notes. One
letter is used three times.
In the IELTS Listening test, you may have to complete a set of notes for a talk or conversation. Read the
instructions and notes carefully. For this task, you should:
▪ Complete the summary of information in the notes only with words that the speaker (s) use (s)
▪ Follow the word limit given in the instructions, e.g. write one word only (words in a hyphen such as check- in
count as a single word.)
Descriptions
A. a plural noun or an uncountable noun for an area where people can ride a bikes
B. a plural noun for something you find in a train station
C. a singular or plural noun for part of a city (e.g. a building)
D. an adjective for describing a group of people
E. a plural noun for describing a group of people
F. a singular noun for something you can collect when you buy a ticket
G. a singular noun for
H. an adjective for describing a kind of ticket
NOTES
City- centre travel
▪ (1) ______ lanes in centre are only for cycling – use these.
▪ A new (2) ______ makes cycling over busiest roads very safe.
Cycling
▪ Buying a bike that is good for riding in an area that has (3) ______ is recommended.
▪ You can hire bikes from a place near the (4) ______
▪ Buy a (5) ______ travel card if travelling by bus every day.
Buses ▪ Take a ‘D’ bus to get to the city’s central (6) ______
▪ Discount for elderly people and some (7) ______.
▪ Trains best for visiting (8) ______
Underground ▪ Check if station has any (9) ______ or not before you take trains.
▪ A (10) ______ can be picked up from ticket offices.

Exercise 4: Read the notes on city-centre travel. Then listen to the next part of the recording. Write one word
in each gap (1–4) to complete the notes (Track 8.2)
NOTES
City-centre travel
▪ (1) ________________ lanes in center are only for cycling – use these.
▪ A new (2) ________________ makes cycling over busiest roads very safe.
Cycling
▪ Buying a bike that is good for riding in an area that has (3) _______________ is recommended.
▪ You can hire bikes from a place near the (4) ________________.

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Exercise 5: Listen to the next part of the talk about transport in the city centre. Complete the section about
buses in the notes below. Remember that the underlined words are key words that can help you find the
answers. Write one word in each gap. (Track 8.3)
NOTES
City-centre travel
Buses Buy a (5) ________________ travel card if travelling by bus every day.
Take a ‘D’ bus to get to the city’s central (6) ________________.
Discounts for elderly people and some (7) ________________.

Exercise 6: Match the words and phrases on the left to the correct synonyms and paraphrases on the right.
1. ask for one A. helpful
2. best for B. come out of
3. check C. recommend
4. exit (verb) D. go and see
5. planning to E. perfect method
6. suggest F. make sure
7. useful G. thinking about
8. visit H. pick one up

Exercise 7: Listen to the last part of the recording. Write the correct words in the gaps 8–10. Write one word
in each gap. (Track 8.4)
NOTES
City-centre travel
▪ Trains best for visiting (8) ________________.
Underground ▪ Check if station has any (9) ________________ or not before you take trains.
▪ A (10) ________________ can be picked up from ticket offices.

PART 4: LISTENING – UNIT 8: NATURAL WORLD

Exercise 1: Before the IELTS Speaking test begins the examiner will ask you some questions. Complete the
questions, using the words in the box. Then watch the video to check. (Unit 8_Video 1)
call full identification
1. Good afternoon. My name is Maggie Scott. Can you tell me your ________________ name please?
2. And what shall I ________________ you?
3. Can I see your ________________ please?

Exercise 2: In the IELTS Speaking test the examiner is checking your lexical resource. This means you
should use a range of vocabulary related to the topic. Read the IELTS Speaking Part 2 task card. Then match
the the words you might use to talk about this topic with the definitions.
Describe a place you visited where the air was very clean and fresh.
You should say:
Where this place was
When and why you visited this place
Who you were with
And explain how you felt visiting a place where the air was so clean and fresh.

1. Not dirty A. atmosphere

2. Covered with grass or other plants B. clean
3. The state that something or someone is in C. condition
4. The air you breathe in a place D. countryside
5. The companies and activities necessary to produce goods for sale, especially in factories E. factories
6. Clean and cool F. fresh (air)
7. Quiet and calm G. green
8. Damage caused to water, air etc. By harmful substances or waste H. industry
9. Land not in towns or cites that is used for farming or is left for forest etc. I. peaceful
10. A buildings or groups of building where large amounts of products are made using machines J. pollution

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Exercise 3: For the IELTS Speaking Part 2 task card below, you need to speak in the past simple. Watch the
student doing the task and notice the grammatical errors she makes. Then correct the seven errors. (Unit
8_Video 2)
In the IELTS Speaking test the examiner is checking your grammatical range and accuracy. This means you should
use a variety of tenses and types of sentences, and try not to make mistakes.
1. I have been there in February last year. → ___________________________
2. There is a lot of clouds and a lot of mountains. → ___________________________
3. Some people who guide us can speak Korean and Japanese. (2 mistakes) → ___________________________
4. It is a very safe area, so we can have a walk alone at night. (2 mistakes) → ___________________________
5. When I go to Cusco I was with my friends. → ___________________________

Exercise 4: Watch the student doing IELTS Speaking Part 3. Then put the questions that the examiner asks in
the correct order. (Unit 8_Video 3)
In the IELTS Speaking test the examiner is checking your fluency and coherence. This means you should try to
speak without a lot of pauses, and discuss your ideas clearly in logical order.

Examiner: Now, we’ve been talking about the environment and I’d like to discuss with you one or two general
questions related to this. Let’s talk about living in the countryside.
a. What are the disadvantages of living in the countryside?
b. Is it possible for people to have a high standard of living without seriously damaging the environment?
c. Do you think humans can live in a completely unnatural or artificial environment?
d. What are some ways people change or affect the environment when they live in countryside?
e. Do you think people damage the environment more when they live in a town or when they live in the countryside?

Exercise 5: Match the examiner’s questions with the student’s responses.

A. One main disadvantage of living in the countryside
1. Do you think humans can live in a completely unnatural or
might be that it’s inconvenient because public
artificial environment?
transport
2. Do you think people damage the environment more when B. In my opinion, people affect the environment if, for
they live in a town or when they live in the countryside? example, they buy themselves a car.
C. I think, in general, people who live in a town have
3. Is it possible for people to have a high standard of living more of an effect on the environment. This is because
without seriously damaging the environment? a lot of people live in towns and, as a result, there is a
lot of traffic and rubbish on the streets.
D. I think it’s possible, although it depend on where
you live. For example, you might be able to afford a
4. What are the disadvantages of living in the countryside?
car, but you might choose to cycle to work or to
school instead.
E. I think in some areas people already live in these
5. What are some ways people change or affect the
kinds of conditions. However, I don’t think it’s a good
environment when they live in countryside?
idea to live without any nature.

PART 5: WRITING – UNIT 8: NATURAL WORLD

Exercise 1: Read the sentences about IELTS Writing Task 2. Are they True or False?
1. T F You should spend about 20 minutes on IELTS Writing task 2.
2. T F You should write at least 250 words in IELTS Writing task 2.
3. T F You get a higher score if you can write a lot more than 250 words in ILETS Writing task 2.
4. T F You shoud discuss different opinions about the question and give your own opinion.
5. T F You should not write about your own knowledge or experience of the topic.
6. T F It is a good idea to be funny and informal in your answer for IELTS Writing task 2.

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Exercise 2: Read the information. Then decide whether the underlined words and phrases are the
subject or the special idea about the subject.
To understand the IELTS Writing Task 2 question you should find the subject, and the special idea about the
subject:
Eating enough fruit and vegetables is the most important part of a healthy lifestyle. Do you agree or disagree?
In the question above, the subject is a healthy lifestyle, and the special idea is that eating enough fruit and
vegetables is the most important part of a healthy lifestyle.
1. There are too many overweight children in the world. Why do children become overweight and what can be done
about it? → the subject/ the special idea about the subject
2. Some people think that vegetarians are healthier than meat-eaters while other people think they are less healthy.
Compare the two views. → the subject/ the special idea about the subject
3. Compare the dangers and benefits of using oil in cooking. → the subject/ the special idea about the subject
4. Sugar is now a big health problem in many countries around the world. What is your opinion?
→ the subject/ the special idea about the subject

Exercise 3: After you have found the subject and the special idea about the subject, you should decide what
the essay question is asking you to do. Match each essay question with what it is asking you to do.
1. There are too many overweight children in the world. Why do
A. Agree or disagree
children become overweight and what can be done about it?
2. Some people think that vegetarians are healthier than meat –
B. Compare advantages and disadvantages
eaters while other people think they are less healthy.
3. Compare the dangers and benefits of using oil in cooking. C. Compare two different opinions
4. Sugar is now a big health problem in many countries around the
D. Discuss problem and solutions
world. What is your opinion?

Exercise 4: Before you write the IELTS Writing Task 2 essay you should make a plan. Complete the plan with
the correct words or phrases in the box.
too much cola Plan important sugar has bad effect on health
sugar in coffee enjoy my opinion I think they should
Essay Plan
Introduction: a lot of people are unhealthy because of sugar
my opinion
(1) ______________________________ = people should eat less sugar but enjoy it sometimes
Main Paragraph 1, Fact: true = (2) ______________________________.
sugar has bad effect on health
too much cola
Reasons or examples: people drink (3) ______________________________/ this could make them ill
Result or opinion: (4) ______________________________
I think they should drink less cola.
Main Paragraph 2, Fact: traditional food is (5) ______________________________.
important
Reasons or example: like traditional food and coffee in my country
Result or opinion: I think it’s okay to have cakes at parties or (6) ______________________________.
sugar in coffee
Conclusion: people should eat less sugar but still (7) ______________________________
enjoy it sometimes.

Exercise 5: Put the paragraphs in the correct order to complete the IELTS Writing Task 2 essay.
Sugar is now a big health problem in many countries around the world.
What is your opinion?
A. On the one hand, it is true that people eat too much sugar now and that is has a bad effect on their health. For
example, in my country a lot of people drink cola with their meals instead of water. Cola has a large amount of sugar in
2 it so they are drinking a lot more calories. More calories means that people get fat and have problems with their heart
other illnesses. In my view, they should reduce the amount of cola that they drink.
B. In conclusion, I agree that sugar is a big health problem, I think people should reduce the amount of sugar they have
4 by drinking water instead of cola but I also think they should still enjoy sugar on special occasions or in coffee sometimes.
C. On the other hand, it is important not to stop enjoying traditional food. For example, in my country we have traditional
3 sweet cakes with cherries and nuts, which we eat at parties. Also, where I live it is normal to have sugar with coffee. I
think it would be sad to stop eating these cakes on special occasions and I do not agree that it is a problem to drink
coffee with sugar sometimes.
D. Nowadays, a lot of people around the world are unhealthy because they eat too much sugar. In my opinion, people
1 should reduce the amount of sugar they eat but also enjoy sweet things sometimes. In this essay, I am going to explain
why I partly agree and disagree that sugar is a big health problem.

Exercise 6: Read the sentences and underline the phrases for giving opinions.

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1. In my opinion, people should reduce the amount of sugar they eat but also enjoy sweet things sometimes.
2. On the one hand, it is true that people eat too much sugar now and that it has a bad effect on their health.
3. More calories means that people get fat and have problems with their heart or other illnesses.
4. In my view, they should reduce the amount of cola that they drink.
5. On the other hand, it is important not to stop enjoying traditional food.
6. I think it would be sad to stop eating these cakes on special occasions.
7. I do not agree that it is a problem to drink coffee with sugar sometimes.
8. In conclusion, I agree that sugar is a big health problem.

Exercise 7: Complete the table with the advantages and disadvantages

sometimes tastes disgusting often cheaper than eating in a restaurant
can cause heart problems can be delicious
often high in fat and sugar can make you overweight
if you buy fast food you do not have to cook at home. quick and easy

ADVANTAGES OF FAST FOOD DISADVANTAGES OF FAST FOOD

Exercise 8: WRITING TASK 2

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic: Hamburgers and pizzas may be convenient, but they can also be unhealthy.
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of fast food.
Give reasons for your answers and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
You should write at least 250 words.

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