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    Specialized Crime Investigation: With Legal Medicine

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    Apple Asne
    This document outlines protocols for criminal investigations and crime scene investigation. It discusses jurisdictional investigation by the police station with territorial jurisdiction. It also outlines the components of an investigation team and their equipment. The duties of first responders are described, including securing the scene, identifying witnesses, and notifying investigators. The duties of investigating teams are also provided, such as taking control of the scene, collecting evidence, and interviewing witnesses. Procedures for taking statements, filing reports, releasing the crime scene, and following up on cases are covered.

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    Specialized Crime Investigation: With Legal Medicine

    Uploaded by

    Apple Asne
    1K views4 pages
    This document outlines protocols for criminal investigations and crime scene investigation. It discusses jurisdictional investigation by the police station with territorial jurisdiction. It also outlines the components of an investigation team and their equipment. The duties of first responders are described, including securing the scene, identifying witnesses, and notifying investigators. The duties of investigating teams are also provided, such as taking control of the scene, collecting evidence, and interviewing witnesses. Procedures for taking statements, filing reports, releasing the crime scene, and following up on cases are covered.

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    This document outlines protocols for criminal investigations and crime scene investigation. It discusses jurisdictional investigation by the police station with territorial jurisdiction. It also outlines the components of an investigation team and their equipment. The duties of first responders are described, including securing the scene, identifying witnesses, and notifying investigators. The duties of investigating teams are also provided, such as taking control of the scene, collecting evidence, and interviewing witnesses. Procedures for taking statements, filing reports, releasing the crime scene, and following up on cases are covered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views4 pages

    Specialized Crime Investigation: With Legal Medicine

    Uploaded by

    Apple Asne
    This document outlines protocols for criminal investigations and crime scene investigation. It discusses jurisdictional investigation by the police station with territorial jurisdiction. It also outlines the components of an investigation team and their equipment. The duties of first responders are described, including securing the scene, identifying witnesses, and notifying investigators. The duties of investigating teams are also provided, such as taking control of the scene, collecting evidence, and interviewing witnesses. Procedures for taking statements, filing reports, releasing the crime scene, and following up on cases are covered.

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    of 4

    SPECIALIZED CRIME

    INVESTIGATION
    WITH LEGAL MEDICINE

    This Module covers the discussion regarding the Protocols in Criminal Investigations as well as the
    basic component and process of Crime Scene Investigation.

    I. PROTOCOLS IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION


    To ensure a successful prosecution of case through criminal investigation a certain guidelines must
    be followed. These are comprised of standard operating procedure, protocols, and legal requirements of the
    law that must be observed in handling criminal cases. The following are the PNP’s protocols which are to be
    observed when conducting an investigation:
    1. Jurisdictional Investigation of the territorial unit concerned.
    The Police Station, which has territorial jurisdiction of the area where the crime incident was
    committed, shall immediately undertake the necessary investigation and processing of the crime
    scene, unless otherwise directed by higher authorities for a certain case to be investigated by other
    units/agency.
    2. Official Police Blotter
    A Police Blotter is an 18” x 12” logbook with hard-bound cover that contains the daily register
    of all the crime incidents reports, official summary of arrest, and other significant event reported in a
    police station. All crime incidents must be recorded in the official police blotter.
    However, a separate Police Blotter, shall be maintained for offenses requiring confidentiality
    like violence against women and children and those cases involving a child in conflict with the lae=w
    to protect their privacy pursuant to R.A. 9262 (Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children) and
    R.A. 9344 (Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006).
    The duty police officer shall record the nature of the incident in the police blotter containing
    the five W’s (who, where, when, why and what) and one H (how) of the information and inform his
    superior officer or the duty officer regarding the occurrence of such incident.
    3. Investigation Team and equipment
     COMPONENTS OF INVESTIGATION TEAMS:
    o TEAM LEADER
    o INVESTIGATOR/RECORDER
    o PHOTOGRAPHER
    o EVIDENCE CUSTODIAN
    o COMPOSITE ILLUSTRATOR/ARTIST/SKETCHER
     EQUIPEMENTS OF THE INVESTIGATION TEAM
    o POLICE LINE o GLOVES
    o VIDEO CAMERA o FLASHLIGHTS
    o VOICE RECORDER o FINGERPTINT KIT
    o CAMERA o EVIDENCE BAG
    o MEASURING DEVICE
    4. DUTIES OF THE FIRST RESPONDERS
    First responders are the members of the police, military, fire, medical team, and other volunteer
    organizations who are expected to be the first to respond to calls for assistance in cases of incidents
    involving explosives. The following were the duties of the First Responders based on the 2011 PNP
    Criminal Investigation Manual:
     Proceed to the crime scene to validate  Prepare to take the “DYING
    the information received DECLARATION” of severely injured
     Record the exact time of arrival and all persons with the following requisites:
    pertinent data regarding the incident o That death is imminent and the declarant is
    in his issued pocket notebook and conscious of that fact
    notify the Investigator-On-Case. o That the declaration refers to the cause and
     Cordon off the area and secure the surrounding circumstances of such death;
    crime scene with a police line or o That the declaration relates to the facts which
    whatever available materials like the victim is competent to testify to and
    ropes, straws or human as barricade o That the declaration is offered in a case where
    to preserve its integrity. in the declarant’s death is the subject of the
     Check whether the situation still inquiry. (Sec. 37, Rule 130 of the Rules of
    poses imminent danger and call for Court)
    back up if necessary.  Evacuate the wounded to the nearest
     Identify possible witnesses and hospital using the emergency services
    conduct preliminary interview and  Account for the killed, wounded and arrested
    ensure their availability for the persons for proper disposition
    incoming investigator.  Conduct initial investigation
     Arrest the suspect/s if around or in  Brief the Investigator-On-Case upon arrival
    instances wherein the suspect/s is and turn over the crime scene
    fleeing, make appropriate notification  Conduct inventory on the evidence taken at
    for dragnet operations, the crime scene; Inventory receipt should be
    properly signed by the first responder, SOCO
    and the criminal investigator.
    5. Duties and responsibilities of the Investigating team
    The following are the duties and responsibilities of the Investigation team based on the2011
    PNP Criminal Investigation Manual:

     Take full control of the crime scene  Chain of Custody- transmittal


    to include the conduct of crime of evidence to crime laboratory;
    scene search;  interview of witnesses; gathering
     taking of photographs; making and evaluation of evidence;
    sketches;  follow-up of the case and the
     lifting of fingerprints; marking of documentation and filing of
    physical evidence; appropriate charges in court;

    2
     designate a holding area in the  Scene of the Crime Operative,
    immediate vicinity of the crime other law enforcers and rescue
    scene; personnel. Note any secondary
     conduct case conference with the crime scene.
    first responder;

    6. INVESTIGATION OF SUBJECTS
    7. TAKING OF SWORN DOCUMENTS OF SUSPECTS
    The execution of suspect’s WAIVER as stipulated in Article 125 of the RPC shall be always be
    done in the presence of his chosen counsel or any independent counsel.
    8. TAKING OF SWORN DOCUMENTS OF THE WITNESSES
    Sworn Statement of Affidavit of Complaint/s and witness/es must be taken immediately b
    the investigator-on-case. Affidavit if Arrest of arresting officers must be taken immediately not later
    then 24 hours. In Inquest case, the investigator-on-case and arresting officer shall observe Art. 125 of
    the RPC.
    9. PREPARATION OF REPORTS AND FILLING OF CHARGES
    The Investigator-On-Case shall submit the following:
     SPOT REPORT within 24 hours to Head Quarters
     Progress Report
     After Operation Report
     Final Report after the case is filed before the prosecutor’s office/court; and
     Accomplishment Report
    10. PROCEDURE IN THE RELEASE OF CRIME SCENE
    Crime Scene refers to the venue or place where the alleged crime / incident/ event has been
    committed. A crime scene may include a home, a vehicle, an open space, a park, a playground, a
    remote location in the bushes and woods or any private and public place. In order to remove the cordon
    and release the crime scene these needs to be followed:
     Ensure that appropriate inventory has been made
     Release is accomplished only after completion of the final survey and proper documentation
    of evidence, witness/es. Victim/s and suspect/s; and
     If crime scene is within a private property, the same must be released to the lawful owner
    witnesses by any barangay official. In case of government facility, it should be released to the
    administrator.
    11. FOLLOW UP OF A CASE
    The investigator shall conduct police operation to identify and apprehend suspect/s based on
    the results of the initial investigation conducted.
    12. PREPARATION OF CASE INVESTIGATION PLAN
    The conduct if police operation involving sensational cases, high profile and heinous crimes
    must be covered by Case Investigation Plan.
    13. ATTENDANCE TO COURT DUTIES
    The Investigator-On-Case and Arresting officers shall endeavor to ensure their attendance

    3
    during court hearings while Chief of Police/Heads of Units shall supervise and ensure the attendance
    of witness/ess.
    14. UNIFORM OF THE INVESTIGATOR
    Prescribed uniform should be worn by investigators when conducting investigation so as to
    identify them as PNP personnel.

    II. BASIC COMPONENTS AND PROCESS OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION


    Crime Scene Investigation refers to the post-incident police operational procedures undertaken at the
    crime scene when a crime has been committed. Crimes can’t be solved by a single individual no matter how
    good he/she is. Criminal Investigation needs to be solved by a team of experts in order to be successful and
    be shrouded by a veil of stringent accountability. Thus there are three components of Crime Investigation
    according to the PNP’s Manual on Investigation of Crimes of Violence and other Crimes, namely:
     FIRST REPONDER
     INVESTIGATOR-ON-CASE
     SCENE OF THE CRIME OPERATION (SOCO)
    o Refers to the functional capability of the PNP Crime Laboratory performed by its trained
    personnel through the recognition, methodical search, proper documentation/recording and
    collection of physical evidence at the crime scene.

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