Bleach Saltwater Battery
Bleach Saltwater Battery
Bleach Saltwater Battery
Presented to
The Faculty of Saint Louis College Basic Education Schools (High School)
In Partial Fulfillment
By:
ACOSTA, DANEALLE A.
CONCUBIERTA, DARMA A.
DACUMOS, DERICK D.
LINO, CHRISTINE A.
QUE, JEZRELL C.
YANGUAS, MARGAUX N.
May 2019
1
INDORSEMENT
Examination.
Examination.
APPROVAL
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
following:
Above all, to our Almighty God, for the countless blessings, love,
endeavor.
5
DEDICATION
We, the researchers, dedicate this study to our Almighty God, our
Third, to our school, for being supportive and letting us use the
the efforts, teamwork, patience, and wisdom that are put together to
And most especially to the Lord our God who guided and showered
RESEARCH ABSTRACT
DANEALLE A. ACOSTA
DARMA A. CONCUBIERTA
DERICK D. DACUMOS
CHRISTINE A. LINO
JEZRELL C. QUE
MARGAUX N. YANGUAS
The three formulations are: First, 150mL saltwater mixed with 50mL
seconds every 2 minutes to gather the data. The data were gathered
greater than the alpha thus leading to a conclusion that the higher
produced.
8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Indorsement …………………………………………………………………………….
Approval ………………………………………………………………………………….
Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………………………..
Dedication ……………………………………………………………………………….
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER
I. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………..
Hypothesis ……………………………………………………………………………...
Summary ………………………………………………………………………………
Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………
Recommendations ……………………………………………………………………
REFERENCES ….………………………………………………………………………
APPENDICES
A ……………………………………………………………………………………………
B …………………………………………………………………………………………
C …………………………………………………………………………………………
10
DOCUMENTATION ……………………………………………………………………
1. Research Paradigm
Saltwater Battery
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
consumption grew strongly these years and the resources are continuing
depleting and toxic metals are harming the environment as well as the
for crisis if the world runs out of energy is very real. In the past two
decades, proven gas reserves have increased by 70% and proven oil
enough for thirty years supply, on top of this energy demand is expected
to grow by almost half over the next two decades and once resources
start running out, it will result to devastating consequences for the global
Hydropower in some places is reduced due to the seasonal dry spell, and
specifically City of San Fernando, and some parts of Bauang and San
Juan are frequent in the province that has been quite a problem to
earthquake, affecting the operations. Also, one of the main reasons for
addition to this, Saint Louis College has installed its own solar panels to
provide for the institution’s electricity needs; however, there are still
toxic metals that are harmful to the environment. Ranked 7th of the 10
Most of these chemicals are the by-products of our modern lifestyle and
14
Herald, 2014)
comes from both formal and informal industries, such as used lead acid
battery recycling, gold and precious metals refining, jewelry making, and
open dumpsites. Many of these toxic metal pollutants far exceed national
but are toxic when disposed and is takes many years to break down,
existing batteries. Now, studies are getting closer to being able to harness
source with the use of a mixture of saltwater and Zonrox bleach (Sodium
Supporting this study are Republic Act No. 7648 or the Electric
Power Crisis Act of 1993, Republic Act No. 9003 or the Ecological Solid
Waste Management Act of 2000 and Republic Act No. 6969 or the Toxic
the other hand, RA 9003 is an act providing for an ecological solid waste
These acts support the study as it focuses on energy crisis, proper waste
to mitigate.
Hypothesis
Research Paradigm
Testing and
collection of
Three different
voltages produced
amounts of bleach
by the three Bleach Saltwater
combined with
formulations of Battery; an
three different
Bleach Saltwater alternative, cheap
amounts of
Battery; and eco-friendly
saltwater to
computation of power/energy
produce three
mean and multiple source
formulations of
t-test values with
Bleach Saltwater
Bonferroni
Battery
correction
alternative power. The study was also limited to the amount of voltage
wires were wrapped around iron nails and copper plate which were
hooked onto each space of the containers, in each container there were
saltwater mixed with bleach poured into them. As for testing, the
can have its nail bits rust due to excessive exposure to acid. As such, the
researchers.
will be crafted.
economical source of energy that could help sustain power, resolve power
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crisis that is present in the society and help producing the product will
also benefit from this study since they will be supported with the help of
Students could benefit from this study since they will discover new
of their own.
will also help them develop in their innovative skills and creativity in
Definition of Terms
produce electricity.
metals in any bodies of land, air, and water leading to negative results.
Saltwater Battery.
20
Chapter II
Research Design
recordings from the voltmeter. The hypothesis was tested with the use of
It dealt with numerical analysis of data such as the voltages of the three
tests.
To make the Bleach Saltwater Battery, first, the copper wires were
wrapped around the nails and copper plate connecting the two of it.
container for the first formulation, 100 mL saltwater mixed with 100 mL
mL saltwater and 150 mL bleach were poured in a container for the third
formulation. One screw with the copper wire was placed in each
container and then the copper strip to the next container and so on. It
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was made sure that all containers have one nail and one copper plate
that were connected to each other through the copper wires. In the last
container, one piece of nail was put in a space, and one copper plate on
voltmeter. The readings from the voltmeter after each of the 3 trials; 15
seconds every after 2 minutes, for the testing of the batteries were
Chapter III
In this chapter, the data are presented in the form of tables. The
means and t-test value. Below each table are the analysis and
interpretation of data.
Saltwater Battery
saltwater battery.
Voltage (V)
Formulation Mean (V)
Trial
1 2 3
15.0V, 15,07V, and 16.0V on trials 1, 2 and 3. The mean of the voltages
and B. This means that all formulations of the Bleach Saltwater Battery
electric potential. Salt molecules are made of sodium ions and chlorine
either gained or lost an electron. When you put salt and bleach in water,
the water molecules pull the sodium and chlorine ions apart so they are
floating freely. These ions are what carry electricity through water. This
means that saltwater and bleach have electrolyte content which produce
electricity.
24
Battery Project”, they explained and justified that when using metal,
interact with the metal atoms on the surface of the metal strip. Water
molecules are polar, which means one side is slightly positive, while the
other is slightly negative. If one metal strip has more extra electrons than
the other, the extra electrons will flow from the first strip to the second
strip until they equal each other out and have the same charge. However,
the electrons must have a conductive path before they are able to flow
from one strip to the other. To make this possible, a path is made by
t-crit at
0.01667
Formulation Mean (V) Computed p- t-stat Level of
value Significance
A 13.4V
0.000176 -13.4722 2.776445
B 14.5V
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A 13.4V
0.001995 -7.17805 2.776445
C 15.57V
B 14.5V
0.024148 -3.53381 2.776445
C 15.57V
less than the alpha. This means that the hypothesis is rejected and there
while the alpha is 0.1667. The computed p-value is less than the alpha.
while the alpha is 0.1667. The computed p-value is greater than the
26
alpha. This means that the hypothesis is not rejected and there is no
are present in a solution, ions are produced. When two dissimilar metals,
copper and iron (anode and cathode), are introduced into the solution, an
The acidity and concentration of the solution are also factors in the
conduct electricity because they have ions that are free to carry charge.
than bleach.
Chapter IV
Summary
copper, and iron nails. Specifically, the researchers determined the mean
voltages produced.
Conclusion
voltage it can produce. The more acidic or alkaline and the higher
Recommendations
by using a different material which will not rust easily. Increasing the
generation of a more stable voltage for the three batteries. Improve the
find out if bleach or saltwater alone can produce a relatively high amount
of voltage. They can also utilize locally-available fruits that have acidic or
REFERENCES
https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.1.2.114
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-and-solutions-to-the-
global-energy-crisis.php
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-t-klare/global-energy-
crisis_b_871956.html
https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-
review-of-world-energy.html
https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-
review-of-world-energy.html
https://www.global-economic-symposium.org/knowledgebase/the-
global-environment/the-energy-crisis-and-climate-
change/proposals/the-energy-crisis-and-climate-change
http://planetearthherald.com/top-10-environmental-issues/
https://www.healthfuturesfoundation.com/reclaiming-laguna-lakes-
glory
http://dumaguetemetropost.com/brownouts-more-fun-in-the-
philippines-p8988-731.htm
https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/04/29/19/brownouts-threaten-
parts-of-luzon-ngcp
https://www.forbes.com/2009/09/17/water-electricity-oasys-
technology-breakthroughs-osmosis.html#5760af7d551a
https://sciencing.com/making-electricity-salt-water-4883969.html
31
https://www.homesciencetools.com/article/saltwater-circuit-project/
https://ptiu13.wordpress.com/best-works-2/from-previous-grade-
levels/ip-converting-saltwater-into-electricity/
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplem
ental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Electrochemistry/Basics_of_Electr
ochemistry
https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/spontaneous-and-nonspontaneous-
reactions/lesson/Spontaneous-and-Nonspontaneous-Reactions-CHEM/
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APPENDICES
33
APPENDIX A
Battery. Make sure to follow the rules correctly, carefully and properly so
as to avoid errors.
Materials:
• Saltwater/seawater
• Egg trays
• Alligator clips
Procedure:
1. Wrap the copper wires around the nails and copper plate
2. Place one nail in each space of the ice tray and the copper plate to
3. Add the bleach and saltwater mixture to the spaces on the egg
tray; be sure not to fill the space in between the two egg spaces
4. Make sure that all egg spaces have one nail and copper plate and
5. At the two ends of the egg tray, add an iron nail & one copper
plate. Then clam the alligator clips on the copper plate and iron
nail.
7. To test the battery, you can use the LED light by directly
APPENDIX B
Data Table
Voltage (V)
Formulation
APPENDIX C
Computations
∑𝑥
M= !
where:
M = mean
x = data
N = number of formulations
Formulation A:
"#.%&'"#.(&'"#.#&
M= #
M = 13.4V
Formulation B:
"(.)&'"(.%&'"(.(&
M= #
M = 14.5V
Formulation C:
"%.*&'"%.+&'").*&
M= #
M = 15.57V
37
A B
Mean 13.4 14.5 Mean
Variance 0.01 0.01 Variance
Observations 3 3 Observations
Pooled Variance 0.01 Pooled Variance
Hypothesized Mean Hypothesized Mean
Difference 0 Difference
df 4 df
t Stat -13.4722 t Stat
P(T<=t) one-tail 8.78E-05 P(T<=t) one-tail
t Critical one-tail 2.131847 t Critical one-tail
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.000176 P(T<=t) two-tail
t Critical two-tail 2.776445 t Critical two-tail
A C
Mean 13.4 15.56667 Mean
Variance 0.01 0.263333 Varianc
e
Observations 3 3 Observations
Pooled Variance 0.136667 Pooled Variance
Hypothesized Mean 0 Hypothesized Mean
Difference Difference
df 4 df
t Stat -7.17805 t Stat
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.000997 P(T<=t) one-tail
t Critical one-tail 2.131847 t Critical one-tail
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.001995 P(T<=t) two-tail
t Critical two-tail 2.776445 t Critical two-tail
38
B C
Mean 14.5 15.56667 Mean
Variance 0.01 0.263333 Variance
Observations 3 3 Observations
Pooled Variance 0.136667 Pooled Variance
Hypothesized Mean 0 Hypothesized Mean
Difference Difference
df 4 df
t Stat -3.53381 t Stat
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.012074 P(T<=t) one-tail
t Critical one-tail 2.131847 t Critical one-tail
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.024148 P(T<=t) two-tail
t Critical two-tail 2.776445 t Critical two-tail
Bonferroni Correction:
∝
∝=
𝑁
where:
∝= alpha (0.05)
N = number of formulations
0.05
∝=
3
∝= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟕