Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10
Zest for Progress
Z Peal of artnership

SCIENCE Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 2
ELECTROMAGNETIC
SPECTRUM

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
Module
Electromagnetic
2

What I Need to Know

In your previous module you were able to trace the development of electromagnetic
wave theory and describe the properties of electromagnetic waves.

This module is written for you to help you imagine and analyse the continuum of
electromagnetic waves arranged according to the wavelength, frequency and energy. This
topic is very much needed for you to advance and appreciate the application to mention a
few how radio broadcasting works, thermal scanner, oven toaster, x ray and how bacteria
are killed thru high energy gamma rays.

To start with, imagine that during a party, the organizer ask each group to perform
activity in which the group will arrange the sizes of given object from smallest to largest in
order to win the game and claim the prize. In analogy, electromagnetic spectrum is a bundle
of photon which is arranged accordingly in terms of wavelength, frequency and energy.

Content Standard:
The different regions of electromagnetic Spectrum

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Compare the relative wavelengths of different forms of electromagnetic
Wave. (S10FE 11a-b-47)

Specific Objective:
Compare the Electromagnetic Waves in terms of wavelength, energy and frequency.

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 What’s In

In the previous module you have learned that Electromagnetic waves are
transverse waves that are produced by the motion of electrically charged particles a
periodic disturbance that moves away from a source and carries energy with it.

As you can recall, waves can be measured in terms of wavelength in meters and
frequency in hertz. Wavelength is defined as the distance measured from one crest of a
wave to the next crest while frequency refers to the number of cycles a wave completes in
one second.

To test your previous knowledge, do the activity 1.

Score: ____
Activity 1: FACT or BLUFF! 5

Directions: Write Fact if the statement is True, Bluff if the statement is false. (1 point
each)

______1.Electromagnetic wave is considered as a longitudinal wave..

______2.Faraday demonstrated the magnetic effect based on the direction of current.
______3.Wavelength is expressed in hertz.
______4.The electric field and the magnetic field vibrate parallel to each other.
______ 5.All EM waves can travel at a speed of 3.0 X 108.meter / second in a vacuum.

What’s New
Now that you learned electromagnetic wave properties, let us proceed to the next
activity to learn more on other characteristics of EM waves.

In your own concept, do materials affect the transmission of waves? You will find it
out in the next activity.
Score: ____
Activity 2: Now you go! Now you won’t! 8

Objective: Identify materials that can block or allow radio waves to pass through and
compare the speed of EM waves through different materials.

Materials:
Remote controlled (RC) Car and controller (both with new batteries)

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Different materials to test:
• Aluminum foil
• Plastic wrapper
• Paper
• Wax paper
• Cotton
• Rubber gloves
A wide open space to test drive your RC car
Procedure:
1. Wrap the antenna of the RC car and of the receiver with the first material you want to
test, using several layers so that they are completely and securely covered.
2. Attempt to operate the RC car using the remote control. Does it work?
3. Use a stopwatch to time your test drive over a set distance.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 using other materials.
Make sure to maintain the distance between the RC car and the remote control.
Record all your observations and data in the table below.

Materials Does the car Time of travel Observation

work?(Y/N)
aluminium foil

plastic wrapper
Paper
wax paper
Cotton
rubber glove

Guide Questions
Directions: Read the questions carefully and answer by checking the box before the
choices. ( 2 points each)
Q1. Compare the time taken by the RC car to cover the same distance. Do some go faster
or slower?
All moves slower
All moves faster
Some moves faster while some moves slower
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Q2. What does this tell you about the transmission of the signal?
Signal can be interrupted
Signals cannot be interrupted
No signals can be detected

Q3. What characteristic of EM waves did you discover?

It tells us that some EM waves if not all can be blocked by some materials.
Signals cannot be interrupted
No signals at all

Q4. Based on your observation, which materials could block or interfere the remote car
movement?

aluminum foil
Plastic wrapper
wax paper

In the activity you were able to observe how RC car moves with respect to materials.
To test your learnings, proceed activity 3 to classify which materials are good and poor
transmitter of electromagnetic wave.

Score: ____
Activity 3. Classify Me! 5

Directions: Classify the following materials based on its ability to transmit EM waves.
Check the box if it is good or poor transmitter of electromagnetic waves.(2 points each)

MATERIALS GOOD TRANSMITTER POOR TRANSMITTER

Aluminum foil

Paper wax

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 Plastic Wrapper

Paper

Rubber gloves

As you have learned that the movement of remote control car is due to the vibration
of electromagnetic wave from the remote control to the antenna. Noted also that the motion
of the RC car is affected by the materials being wrapped in the antenna hence, some
materials are said to be a good transmitter while others are considered as poor transmitter.
Moving close to compare the relative frequency, wavelength and energy in the EM
spectrum, maybe you ask your self why a certain rainbow have distinct color of
arrangement? Why blue and violet are found after the color red, orange and yellow? Do the
color signify that they have different wavelength, energy and frequency possessed? Why
X-rays can penetrate more in our body and can capture images such as our bones and
lungs? Do they have specific arrangement ? You will compare and analyse more in the
next activity.
Activity 4. Arrange Me! Score: ____
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Directions: In the electromagnetic spectrum, certain lines with corresponding boundaries

are observed. Write the correct sequence arrangement of wavelength starting from longest
to shortest and frequency from lowest to highest in the colored blanks. Choose your
answers from the word box. (2 points each).

Word Box

Infrared, Gamma Ray, Visible Light, Radio, X Ray, Ultraviolet, Microwave

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 What Is It

It is manifested in the previous activity that EM wave is a disturbance that carries

energy and can pass through a medium. It is invisible but can be detected through
observation. The Electromagnetic Spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic waves
arranged according to frequency and wavelength. It is gradual progression from the waves
of lowest frequency to highest frequencies. According to increasing frequency, EM
spectrum includes; radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultra violet, X-rays and

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gamma rays. These waves do not have exact dividing section.Look closely at the
electromagnetic spectrum shown in the illustration below.

Figure 1. The Electromagnetic Spectrum

As you go from left to right, the wavelengths get smaller and the frequencies get
higher. This is an inverse relationship between wave size and frequency. ( As one goes
up, the other goes down).

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN ORDER

1. Radio waves

Radio waves have the longest wavelengths of all the electromagnetic waves.
They range from around a foot long to several miles long. Radio waves are often used to
transmit data and have been used for all sorts of applications including radio and television
communication.
Radio waves have a very wide range of wavelengths and are divided into smaller
regions of wavebands and are allocated by specific law of service according to the
frequency as. Each application can be noted and observed from using AM radio
broadcasting, FM radio broadcasting, TV broadcasting and satellite communication. These
specific application and uses is governed by the frequency and wavelength as presented
in the figure below.
Low frequency waves are suitable for communication over great distances. It can
be affected by curvature of the earth thus, repeater is used to extend the range.
High frequency waves can be reflected by ionosphere thus enables the waves to be
transmitted over great distances. The table below shows how bands,frequency and
wavelength are arrange with specific application.
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 Table 1.Radio Waves Frequencies
BAND FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH APPLICATION
RANGE RANGE
Extremely Low < 3 kHz >100 km
Frequency (ELF)
Very Low 3-30 Hz 10-100 km
Frequency (VLF)
Low Frequency 30-300 kHz 1-10 km Radio communication
(LF)
Medium 300 kHz – 100m-1 km Radio communication (AM
Frequency (MF) 3MHz radio broadcasting
High Frequency 3-30 MHz 10-100 m Radio communication (AM
(HF) radio broadcasting)
Very High 30-300 MHz 1- 10 m Radio communication (FM
Frequency radio broadcasting)
(VHF) TV broadcasting
Ultra High 300 MHz – 3 10 cm – 1m Radio communication (FM
Frequency GHz radio broadcasting)
(UHF) TV broadcasting
Super High 3-30 GHz 1-10 cm Radio communication
Frequency Satellite communication
(SHF)
Extremely High 30-300 GHz 1mm – 1 cm
Frequency
(EHF)

2. Microwaves

Microwaves are shorter than radio waves with wavelengths measured in

centimeters. We use microwaves to cook food, transmit information, and in radar that helps
to predict the weather. Microwaves are useful in communication because they can
penetrate clouds, smoke, and light rain.

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 3. Infrared

Between microwaves and visible light are infrared waves. Infrared waves are
sometimes classified as "near" infrared and "far" infrared. Near infrared waves are the
waves that are closer to visible light in wavelength. These are the infrared waves that are
used in your TV remote to change channels. Far infrared waves are further away from
visible light in wavelength. Far infrared waves are thermal and give off heat. Anything that
gives off heat radiates infrared waves.This includes the human body!

4. Visible Light

Wavelengths range from 700nm (red light) to 30 nm (violet light) with frequencies
higher than infrared waves. These are waves in the EM spectrum that humans can see.
When light light passes through a prism, it is separated into its constituent colors: the red,
orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (ROY G BIV). Violet has the highest frequency
while red light has the lowest frequency.

5. Ultraviolet

Ultraviolet waves have the next shortest wavelength after visible light. It is ultraviolet
rays from the Sun that cause sunburns.We are protected from the Sun's ultraviolet rays by
the ozone layer.

6. X-rays

X-rays have even shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet rays. At this point in the
electromagnetic spectrum, scientists begin to think of these rays move as particles than
waves. X-rays were discovered by German scientist Wilhelm Roentgen. They can
penetrate soft tissue like skin and muscle and are used to take X-ray pictures of bones in
medicine.

7.Gamma rays

Gamma rays are the shortest waves in the spectrum and, as a result, have the most
energy. Gamma rays are sometimes used in treating cancer and in taking detailed images
for diagnostic medicine. Gamma rays are produced in high energy nuclear explosions and
supernovas.

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 What’s More Score: ____
5

Activity 5: Compare Me!

Directions: Compare the types of electromagnetic spectrum waves. Use symbol < if
it is less or smaller than ,while > if it is greater or bigger than. ( 2points each)
1. Radio wave is ___________ than the gamma-ray in terms of wavelength.
2. Microwave is ____________ than Infrared in terms of wavelength.
3. Visible light is_____________ than X-ray in terms of frequency.
4. Radio wave is _____________than gamma-ray in terms of energy.
5. Infrared is ______________than UV in terms of wavelength.

What I Have Learned

Score: ____
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Activity 6. EM Learning!
Directions: Use table 2 as your reference to answer the questions below.Write your
answers on the blanks provided after the question.
Questions:
1.Which among the electromagnetic wave has the highest frequency? Explain the
reasons of your answer. (1point)_________________________________________.
2. Among the types of electromagnetic waves which has the highest energy? Explain
your answer(1 point)_____________________________________________________.
3. Arrange the EM waves according to increasing wavelength (7 points)
_____________,______________,______________,________________,____________
_,______________,_______________,_________________.
4. Arrange the EM waves according to decreasing frequency (7 points)
____________,______________,______________,________________,,____________,
______________, _________________, __________________.

Table 2. The electromagnetic waves wavelengths, frequencies, and energies

EM wave Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz) Energy (J)
-1 9
Radio >1 x10 < 3 x 10 < 2 x 10-24
Microwave 1 x 10-3 – 1 x 10-1 3 x 109 -3 x 1011 2 x 10-24 -2 x 10-22
Infrared 7 x 10-7 – 1 x 10-3 3 x 1011 – 4 x 1014 2 x 10-22 – 3 x 10-19

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 Visible 4 x 10-7- 7 x 10-7 4 x 10 14 – 7.5 x 1014 3 x 10-19 – 5 x 10-19
UV 1 x 10-8 – 4 x 10-7 7.5 x 1014 – 3 x 1016 5 x 10-19 - 2 x 10-17
X-ray 1 x 10-11 – 1 x 10-8 3 x 10 16 – 3 x 1019 2 x 10-17 – 2 x 10-14
Gamma ray < 1 x 10-11 ➢ 3 x 1019 ➢ 2 x 10-14

What I Can Do Score: ____

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Activity 7: Fill Me In..

Directions: Fill the steps below with the correct EM Waves. (2 points each)

EXCELLENT! You are now done with all the activities in Module 2.
Ready for the Assessment?

Assessment Score: ____

8

Multiple Choice:
Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer. (1 pt. each)
1. Which two waves lie at the ends of the visible spectrum?
a. Infrared and Ultra-violet rays
b. Radio waves and Microwaves
c. Radio waves and X-rays
d. X-rays and Gamma rays

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2. In the visible spectrum, which color has the longest wavelength?
a. Blue b. Green c. Red d. Violet
3. Which property spells the difference between infra-red and ultra-violet radiation?
a. Color b. Speed in vacuum
c. Wavelength d. None of the above

4. Which of the following types of waves has the shortest wavelength?

a. Microwaves
b. Radio waves
c. Ultraviolet
d. X rays
5. A wave with low frequency would have relatively-------------.
a.Low energy and long wavelength
b. Low energy and short wavelength
c. High energy and long wavelength
d. high energy and short wave length
6. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Xrays have longer wavelengths than microwaves
b. Gamma rays have longer wavelengths than UV rays
c. Gamma rays have shorter wavelength than microwaves
d. Radiowaves have shorter wavelengths than X rays
For questions 7 and 8, use the following number below to correct the sequence.
1 - Gamma Ray
2 - Microwave
3 – X-ray
4 - Infrared
5 - Radiowave
7. Which sequence of number is true about increasing energy?
a. 2-3-4-5-1
b. 3-2-4-1-5
c. 4-1-5-2-3
d. 5-2-4-3-1
8. Which sequence of number is true about decreasing frequency?
a. 2-3-4-5-1
b. 1-3-4-2-5
c. 4-1-5-2-3
d. 5-2-4-3-1

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 Score: ____
Additional Activity 10

Directions: Create or compose a mnemonic device to help you remember the order
of the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first one is done for you.
1. EM waves arranged in decreasing frequency
EM Radiowaves Microwaves Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X- rays Gamma
Waves rays
Mnemonic Raging Martians Invading Venus Unusual X- ray Guns
Device

2. EM waves arranged in increasing wavelength

EM Gamma X-ray Ultraviolet Visible Infrared Microwaves Radiowaves
Waves rays
Mnemoni
c Device

3. EM waves arranged in increasing energy

EM Radiowaves Microwaves Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X- rays Gamma
Waves rays
Mnemonic
Device

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 Key to Answers
Gr10Q2W2 Science

What I Know Activity 3.Classify Me!

1. A
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. B

Activity 1 Activity 4. Activity 6.

.
FACT OR BLUFF Arrange Me! EM Learning!
Activit Wavelength 1.Gamma Rays
1. BLUFF ➢ RADIOWAVE 2.Gamma Rays
➢ MICROWAVE 3.Gamma Rays, X-
2. BLUFF Rays, UV , Visible
➢ INFRARED
3. BLUFF ➢ VISIBLE LIGHT Light, Infrared,
4. BLUFF ➢ UV RAYS Microwave, Radiowave.
5. FACT ➢ X-RAYS 4. Gamma Rays, X-
➢ GAMMA RAYS Rays, UV , Visible
Light, Infrared,
Microwave, Radiowave
Activity 2 Activity 4.
NOW YOU GO NOW Arrange Me!
YOU WONT! ASSESSMENT
Frequency
1. A
Q1.
➢ UVSome RAYSmoves faster ➢ RADIOWAVE 2. C
➢ X-RAYS
while some moves slower ➢ MICROWAVE 3. C
➢ GAMMA
Q2. Signals
Activity 1
RAcan be
FACT OR BLUFF

1. BLUFF

2. BLUFF
➢ INFRARED 4. D
interruted ➢ VISIBLE LIGHT 5. A
Q3. It tells that some ➢ UV RAYS
Activity 1

FACT OR BLUFF

1. BLUFF

2. BLUFF

➢ X-RAYS 6. C
EM waves if not all can be 7. D
➢ GAMMA RAYS
blocked by some material 8. B
Q4. Aluminum
✓ Foil

ACTIVITY 5 ACTIVITY 7. FILL ME IN..

COMPARE ME!

1. >
2. <
3. <
4. <
5. >

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 References
Books
Robert L. Weber et.al. College physics. The McGraw Hill Companies. 5 th ed.
Herma D. Acosta et.al. Science Grade 10 Learners Material.Pasig City. Department of
Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd-IMCS), 2015.
Herma D. Acosta et.al. Science Grade 10 Teachers Guidl.Pasig City. Department of
Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd-IMCS), 2015.

Publications
Joly C. Baradero. Weaving the Wave Learning. A Strategic Intervention Material for
Grade 10- Science. 2nd quarter. Nilo Nhs /Tigbao District.
Anjaylo B. Pascua. Gotta Catch ’EM All. A strategic Intervention Material for Grade-10
Science. 2nd quarter.

Websites
https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspectrum1.html
https://www.britannica.com/science/electromagnetic-spectrum
https://www.teachengineering.org/lessons/view/clem_waves_lesson04
https://scijinks.gov/rainbow/#:~:text=A%20rainbow%20is%20caused%20by,droplet%2C%
20it%20makes%20a%20rainbow.)

Development Team Mi Ultimo Adios

Deja que el sol, ardiendo, las lluvias evapore
Writer: Ruby V. Caperida Adiós, Patria adorada, región del sol querida, Y al cielo tornen puras, con mi clamor en pos;
Perla del mar de oriente, nuestro perdido Edén! Deja que un ser amigo mi fin temprano llore
A darte voy alegre la triste mustia vida, Y en las serenas tardes cuando por mí alguien ore,
Editors: Margie Lou C. Jacob Y fuera más brillante, más fresca, más florida,
También por ti la diera, la diera por tu bien.
¡Ora también, oh Patria, por mi descanso a Dios!

Laarni A. Adonis Ora por todos cuantos murieron sin ventura,

En campos de batalla, luchando con delirio, Por cuantos padecieron tormentos sin igual,
Kathleen Joy B. Padilla Otros te dan sus vidas sin dudas, sin pesar; Por nuestras pobres madres que gimen su amargura;
Joly C. Baradero El sitio nada importa, ciprés, laurel o lirio,
Cadalso o campo abierto, combate o cruel martirio,
Por huérfanos y viudas, por presos en tortura
Y ora por ti que veas tu redención final.
Lo mismo es si lo piden la patria y el hogar.
Y cuando en noche oscura se envuelva el cementerio
Reviewer: Sandy R. Albarico Yo muero cuando veo que el cielo se colora Y solos sólo muertos queden velando allí,
Illustrator: Y al fin anuncia el día tras lóbrego capuz;
si grana necesitas para teñir tu aurora,
No turbes su reposo, no turbes el misterio,
Tal vez accordes oigas de cítara o salterio,
Layout Artist: Vierte la sangre mía, derrámala en buen hora Soy yo, querida Patria, yo que te canto a ti.
Y dórela un reflejo de su naciente luz.
Management Team: Y cuando ya mi tumba de todos olvidada
Majarani M. Jacinto, CESO VI Mis sueños cuando apenas muchacho adolescente,
Mis sueños cuando joven ya lleno de vigor,
No tenga cruz ni piedra que marquen su lugar,
Deja que la are el hombre, la esparza con la azada,
SDS-ZDS Fueron el verte un día, joya del mar de oriente, Y mis cenizas, antes que vuelvan a la nada,
Secos los negros ojos, alta la tersa frente, El polvo de tu alfombra que vayan a formar.
Sin ceño, sin arrugas, sin manchas de rubor
Visminda Q. Valde, Ed.D Ensueño de mi vida, mi ardiente vivo anhelo,
Entonces nada importa me pongas en olvido.
Tu atmósfera, tu espacio, tus valles cruzaré.
ASDS ¡Salud te grita el alma que pronto va a partir! Vibrante y limpia nota seré para tu oído,
¡Salud! Ah, que es hermoso caer por darte vuelo, Aroma, luz, colores, rumor, canto, gemido,
Morir por darte vida, morir bajo tu cielo, Constante repitiendo la esencia de mi fe.
Raymond M. Salvador, Ed.D Y en tu encantada tierra la eternidad dormir.
Mi patria idolatrada, dolor de mis dolores,
ASDS Si sobre mi sepulcro vieres brotar un día Querida Filipinas, oye el postrer adiós.
Entre la espesa yerba sencilla, humilde flor, Ahí te dejo todo, mis padres, mis amores.
Acércala a tus labios y besa al alma mía, Voy donde no hay esclavos, verdugos ni opresores,
Juliet A. Magallanes, Ed.D Y sienta yo en mi frente bajo la tumba fría,
De tu ternura el soplo, de tu hálito el calor.
Donde la fe no mata, donde el que reina es Dios.

CID Chief Adiós, padres y hermanos, trozos del alma mía,

Deja a la luna verme con luz tranquila y suave, Amigos de la infancia en el perdido hogar,
Deja que el alba envíe su resplandor fugaz, Dar gracias que descanso del fatigoso día;
Florencio R. Caballero, DTE Deja gemir al viento con su murmullo grave,
Y si desciende y posa sobre mi cruz un ave,
Adiós, dulce extranjera, mi amiga, mi alegría,
Adiós, queridos seres, morir es descansar.
EPS-LRMDS Deja que el ave entone su cántico de paz.

Dr. Jose Rizal

Sandy R. Albarico
EPS-Science

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