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Lab 03

The document describes an experimental study of signal properties and their transformations. The objectives are to plot various signals, determine their even and odd decompositions, verify if signals are periodic or aperiodic, and identify if signals are even or odd. MATLAB Simulink is used to generate the signal plots. The experiments are completed and the objectives achieved, providing learning about different signal types and properties.

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Omor Faruk
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views

Lab 03

The document describes an experimental study of signal properties and their transformations. The objectives are to plot various signals, determine their even and odd decompositions, verify if signals are periodic or aperiodic, and identify if signals are even or odd. MATLAB Simulink is used to generate the signal plots. The experiments are completed and the objectives achieved, providing learning about different signal types and properties.

Uploaded by

Omor Faruk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 03

Experiment Name: Experimental Study of Signal properties and their Transformation.


Objectives: The main objectives are-
1. Consider the signal x(t)= t 𝑒 −0.1𝑡 cos(t) , 0 ≤ t ≤ 20. Plot
a) the signal x(t)
b) even decomposition
c) odd decomposition
d) the signal y(t) = xe(t) + xo(t)
t, 0 ≤ t ≤ 2
2.Suppose that, x(t)= { } . Plot the signals, x(t), x(-t), x(t/2), x(2+4t) and x(-
4 − t, 2 ≤ t ≤ 4
2-4t).
3. Plot the signal x(t)= cos(t)+ sin(3t) in time of three periods.
4. Verify that, a) z[n]= sin(πn+2) + cos (2πn/3 +1) is periodic.
b) z[n] = sin(πn+2) + cos (2n/3 +1) is periodic/aperiodic.
5. Find, whether the signals x(t)= t 2 and y(t)= t 3 are even or odd.
Theory: A signal is a time-varying quantity that has values at all points in time. You can specify a
wide range of signal attributes, including:
 Signal name
 Data type (for example, 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit integer)
 Numeric type (real or complex)
 Dimensionality (one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or multidimensional array)
In Simulink®, signals are the outputs of dynamic systems represented by blocks in a Simulink
diagram and by the diagram itself. The lines in a block diagram represent mathematical
relationships among the signals defined by the block diagram. For example, a line connecting the
output of block A to the input of block B indicates that the signal output of B depends on the signal
output of A. Simulink block diagrams represent signals with lines that have an arrowhead. The
source of the signal corresponds to the block that writes to the signal during evaluation of its block
methods (equations). The destinations of the signal are blocks that read the signal during the
evaluation of the block methods (equations). The destination of signals in a model do not
necessarily represent the order of simulation of blocks in a model. The simulation order is
determined by Simulink automatically.
Software used in lab: MATLAB Simulink.
Lab Tasks:
Lab Tasks 1: Plot the signal x(t)= t 𝑒 ି଴.ଵ௧ cos(t) ; 0 ≤ t ≤ 20.Also determine the odd and
even decomposition.

Code:
clear all;
close all;
t=(0:0.1:20);
e=exp(-0.1*t);
x=t.*e.*cos(t);
plot(t,x,'r')
title('x(t)= t e^(-0.1t) cos(t) ')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')

Output:

Fig 3.1: Output curve of x(t)= t 𝑒 −0.1𝑡 cos(t) , 0 ≤ t ≤ 20.


Even decomposition:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
figure(1)
t=0:0.1:20;
xe=(0.5*((t.*exp(-0.1*t).*cos(t)))-
((t.*exp(0.1*t).*cos(t))))
plot(t,xe,'r')
title(' even of x(t)= t e^(-0.1t) cos(t) ')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
Output:

Fig 3.2: Output curve the even part of x(t)= t 𝑒 −0.1𝑡 cos(t) , 0 ≤ t ≤ 20.
Odd decomposition:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
figure(1)
t=0:0.1:20;
xo=(0.5*((t.*exp(-
0.1*t).*cos(t)))+((t.*exp(0.1*t).*cos(t))));
plot(t,xo,'r')
title(' Odd of x(t)= t e^(-0.1t) cos(t) ')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')

Output:

Fig 3.3: Output curve the Odd part of x(t)= t 𝑒 −0.1𝑡 cos(t) , 0 ≤ t ≤ 20.
Lab Tasks 2:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
figure(1)
t=0:0.1:20;
xe=(0.5*((t.*exp(-
0.1*t).*cos(t)))+((t.*exp(0.1*t).*cos(t))));
xo=(0.5*((t.*exp(-
0.1*t).*cos(t)))+((t.*exp(0.1*t).*cos(t))));
y=xe+xo;
plot(t,y,'r')
title(' y(t)=xe+xo')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')

output:

Fig 3.4: Output curve of y(t) = xe(t) + xo(t).


Lab Tasks 3:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
t=0:0.01:2;
y=t;
t1=2:0.01:4;
y1=4-t1;
subplot(511)
plot(t,y);hold on;plot(t1,y1,'b');title("x(t)");

t2=-4:0.01:-2;
y2=t2+4;
t3=-2:0.01:0;
y3=-t3;
subplot(512);plot(t2,y2,'b');hold on;plot(t3,y3);title("x(-
t)");
t4=0:0.01:4;
y4=0.5*t4;
t5=4:0.01:8;
y5=4-t5*0.5;
subplot(513);plot(t4,y4);hold
on;plot(t5,y5,'b');title("x(t/2)");

t6=-0.5:0.01:0;
y6=t6*4+2;
t7=0:0.01:0.5;
y7=2-t7*4;
subplot(514);plot(t6,y6);hold
on;plot(t7,y7,'b');title("x(2+4t)");

t8=-1.5:0.01:-1;
y8=t8*4+6;
t9=-1:0.01:-0.5;
y9=-2-t9*4;
subplot(515);plot(t8,y8);hold on;plot(t9,y9,'b');title("x(-
2-4t)");
Output:

Fig 3.5: Output of task 3.


Lab Task 4:
Code:

Fig 3.6: Output of task 4.


Lab Task 5:
Code:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
t1=0:0.001:8;
t2=-8:0.001:0;
x1=t1.^2;
x2=t2.^2;
x3=-t1.^2;
subplot(2,1,1)
plot(t1,x1,'b',t2,x2,'r',t1,x3,'g');
title('Even Signal')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
y1=t1.^3;
y2=t2.^3;
y3=-t1.^3;
subplot(2,1,2)
plot(t1,y1,'r',t2,y2,'b',t1,y3,'g');
title('Odd Signal')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')

Output:

Fig 3.7: Output of task 5.

Discussion : By this experimental work we learnt about various types of signals.


Also we determine a signal is periodic non-periodic. Even or odd. All the aims of
the experiment are achieved. And The experiment is successfully done.

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