Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 17 views

    Locomotion and Movement

    Uploaded by

    YouTutor PS
    There are three main types of muscles in the human body: 1. Skeletal or striated muscles which are voluntary and allow movement of limbs. 2. Smooth or non-striated muscles which are involuntary and control organs. 3. Cardiac muscles which are also involuntary and make up the walls of the heart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Locomotion and Movement

    Uploaded by

    YouTutor PS
    17 views3 pages
    There are three main types of muscles in the human body: 1. Skeletal or striated muscles which are voluntary and allow movement of limbs. 2. Smooth or non-striated muscles which are involuntary and control organs. 3. Cardiac muscles which are also involuntary and make up the walls of the heart.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    There are three main types of muscles in the human body: 1. Skeletal or striated muscles which are voluntary and allow movement of limbs. 2. Smooth or non-striated muscles which are involuntary and control organs. 3. Cardiac muscles which are also involuntary and make up the walls of the heart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views3 pages

    Locomotion and Movement

    Uploaded by

    YouTutor PS
    There are three main types of muscles in the human body: 1. Skeletal or striated muscles which are voluntary and allow movement of limbs. 2. Smooth or non-striated muscles which are involuntary and control organs. 3. Cardiac muscles which are also involuntary and make up the walls of the heart.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    3 MUSCLES

    About 40-50% of the body weight of an adult human is by muscles.


    contributed

    mesoderm.
    Muscle is a specialised tissue, that arises from the
    Muscles show special properties like excitability, contractility, extensibility and
    elasticity.
    Muscles have been classified using criteria like () location, (i) appearance/morphology
    and (iü) nature of regulation of their ectivities.
    In humans, the muscles are broadly classified into three categories, as given below:

    Muscles

    Skeletal/ Smooth/ Cardiac


    Striated muscles Non-striated muscles muscles

    () Striations are prominent Striations are absent. Striations are faint.


    (i) Voluntary in function Involuntary in function. Involuntary in function

    (i) Cells are multinucleate. Cells are uninucleate. Cells are uninucleate.
    (iv) Fibres are cylindrical Fibres are spindle shaped. Fibres are cylindrical.,
    and unbranched. branched and show
    intercalated discs.

    (v) Innervated by voluntary Innervated by autonomic Innervated by autonomic


    nervous system. nervous system. nervous system
    (not directly).
    e.g., Muscles of. limbs Muscles of visceral organs. Heart muscles
    Phalanges
    19. JOINTS
    Fig. 20.14 Pelvic Girdle
    articulation between two or
    A joint is a place of and Hindlimb

    more bones or between a


    bone and a cartilage.
    to carry out movements
    The force generated by the contraction of muscles is used
    fulcrumn.
    through joints, which act as
    classified into the following three types:
    Depending on the movability, the joints are

    ) Fibrous joints or immovable joints Frontal bone

    In these joints, the articulating bones are Sutures


    held with the help of white
    very tightly
    Parietal bone
    fibrous connective tissue, in the form of
    sutures.

    e.g., sutures between the skull bones. Occipital bone.


    Articulation of roots of teeth with the 20.15 Fixed Joints of Bones
    Fig.
    sockets of jaw bones. of. Cranium

    (i) Cartilaginous joints or slightly movable joints


    In such joints, the articulation of bones Centrum
    allows for very litter movement.

    The opposing surfaces of the bones are Cartilage


    connected by fibrocartilage. Articulating
    vertebrae in the surface
    eg. Joints between adjacent
    vertebral column. Fig. 20.16 Cartilagenous Joints
    (1:) Sunovial joints or
    freely movable
    This type of joints
    joints allows extensive
    movements theof
    articulating Ligament
    bones upon each other.
    These joints are
    characterised
    Synoval fud Anouar
    the presence of a by catiage
    fluid-filled cavity Synaval
    membrane
    between the articulating bones. -Pervs
    The cavity is filled with a
    and slippery fluid called viscous
    fluid, which reduces the synovial
    between the bones during
    friction
    cems
    movement.
    Fig. 20.17 Ball and
    The Socket Joint
    following are the
    different types of
    a. Ball and socket synovial joints
    joint e.g. between humerus and
    femur and pelvic girdle pectoral girdle. between
    b. Hinge joint e.g. knee joint and elbow
    C. Pivot joint e.g. between atlas and joint
    d. occipital condyles
    Gliding joints e.g. betweern the carpals, between the tarsals
    e. Saddle joints e.g. between
    carpal and metacarpals
    of thumb
    20. DISORDERS OF BONES AK
    ()Arthritis : It is the inffammation of joints.
    (17) Osteoporsis: It is
    age dependent disorder of the bones, characterised by low bone
    an

    mass, deterioration of the microarichitecture of the bone and increased


    fragility.
    (ii) Gout : It is the inflammation of the joints due to excess accumulation of uric acid.

    You might also like