WAZIRI UMARU FEDERAL POLYTECHNICS BIRNIN

KEBBI

PROJECT PROPOSAL

ON

AN IMPROVED ONLINE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

RECORD SYSTEM
(A Case Study of Three Primary Health Care Record)

BY

NAZIRU ATTAHIRU

HCS/20/0221

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

 TITLE PAGE

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 INTRODUCTION

 PROBLEMS STATEMENT

 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

 LITERATURE REVIEW

 METHODLOGY

 EXPECTED RESULT

 PROJECT PLAN

 CONCLUSION

 REFERENCES

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Every cooperate organization, institution or government agency requires data

and good quality information to function effectively. It is not an over
statement to say that many organizations, institutions or government agencies
have become critically dependent on the use of database system for their
successes especially in the hospital. Data collected from various sources for
example telephone, fax, verbal messages, mails e.t.c. are used in decision
making, planning and control of operations in management of clients,
personnel and recourses. This project therefore aims at developing an
improved hospital information management system using a function-oriented
design. The poor efficiency of the present manual management system in
hospitals today results from the inordinate length of time it takes to search for
and locate patient folders and the ineffective filling system adopted. In this
project the Oracle database is the database server where the data is sent to
and retrieved from while Active Server Pages (.net programming language) is
the client which provides the user interface design and the forms used by the
doctors, staff and nurses during administration in the office, laboratory,
wards, pharmacy, X-ray e.t.c.

 INTRODUCTION

A hospital is an institution for health care that provides patient treatment

by specialized staff and equipment. Usually, hospitals are funded by the
public sector, by health organizations (for profit or nonprofit), health
insurance companies or charities, including funds by direct charitable
donations. Historically, however, hospitals were often founded and funded
by religious orders or charitable individuals and leaders. Modern-day
hospitals are largely staffed by professional physicians, surgeons, and
nurses.

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 PROBLEMS STATEMENT

With many Secondary Healthcare facilities (General Hospitals) in Nigeria

without electronic health records, healthcare delivery is sometimes
impaired with the current use of temporary cards.
 The upsurge in the number of patients seeking health care services
requires a fast and efficient records keeping. This is one of the
driving forces behind the research into the barriers militating
against the implementation of the EHR in a Nigerian Secondary
Healthcare facility.
 The introduction of ICT-based initiatives to transform existing
paper-based information management systems in most public
health institutions in developing countries has usually been a
difficult process of change, often fraught with several context-
sensitive challenges and problems such as:
 lack of adequate resources (poor financial resources) and uneven
infrastructural development (Mosse and Sahay 2013, AbouZahr
and Boerma 2015),
 Inadequate skills and knowledge at a local level to handle new
systems and technologies (Kimaro and Nhampossa 2015),
 Fragmented and uncoordinated organizational structure and
heterogeneity of stakeholders (Chilundo and Aanestad 2014),
political and bureaucratic constraints (Heeks 2012, Mosse and
Sahay 2013).
Studies have also reported attempts, by governments and
donors, concerning the design, development, and implementation of
Electronic Health Information Management Systems in different
developing countries (Rubona 2018, Lungo 2013). However, many of
these efforts have proven to be unsustainable because of political,
socioeconomic, and technological factors (Mursu, Olufokunbi et al.
2010). It has been reported that political factors such as change in the
government, eagerness to invest on the part of the government,
government policy, tools for quality assurance, and a flexible
government bureaucracy, will influence the successful implementation

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 of EHIMS in Nigerian tertiary hospitals. The more the political factors
are taken care of, the more will be the success of EHIMS (Ojo and
Popoola 2015). It is therefore essential that the actors in the health
information systems fully engage in politics to acquire sustainability
(Braa, Monteiro et al.

 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

The main aim of this project is to design an automated system for

controlling the flow of patient’s data in the hospital. The aim is to solve
most of the problems encountered in the hospital using the old and
manual system of medical administration. In the manual system, almost
all the patient folders in the records have to be accessed by the staff for
every folder request. The integrity and security of the data in database
system are considered here from the point of view of freedom from risk.
The risks are those events that threaten the data; threaten to destroy or
corrupt it to prevent its use, threaten to access it illicitly or to steal it.

 Systematic data collection. Efficient data storage

 Accurate data communication and manipulation
 Enhanced data security so that the hospital data and information are
stored centrally in a secure fail safe database that has a secondary
backup database.
 Reduced system cost.

 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The need for an Automated Hospital Management System can be
summarized as follows:-
Planned approach towards work: - The activities in the organization will
be well planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in data
stores, which will help in retrieval of information and in enforcing security.
Accuracy: - The level of accuracy in the proposed automated system will
be higher. All operations would be done correctly and accurately. In
practice, errors are not completely eliminated, they are reduced.

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Reliability: - The reliability of the proposed system will be high as
information is stored properly and securely.
No Redundancy: - In the proposed system utmost care would be taken to
ensure that no information is repeated anywhere, in storage . This would
assure economic use of storage space and consistency in the data stored.
Immediate retrieval of information: - The main objective of the proposed
system is to provide for a quick and efficient retrieval of information. Any
type of information would be available whenever users require them.

 LITERATURE REVIEW

Laing, K. (2012), suggested that if all information in paper-based records were digitized

and embedded within information system, it will provide context sensitive access to the

data and link to their information in the institution. The health care delivery could fully

document information using a variety of conventional and handheld computer equipment

such as keyboard, pen-based input devices. Structured data entry or hand writing

recognition illegibility or inconsistent entries could be caught and corrected as they are

entered in medical order entry system, their results and all other internal transactions

could be tracked automatically.

There are many potential benefits of the Computerized Medical Record. Unlike the paper

record, it can potentially be accessed from a centralized database from remote location at

any given time and within clinics across town or even across the country which would

result in data not lost or misplaced. With an appropriate back-up mechanism, it should

serve as a permanent record of an individual’s interaction with the health care system.

Furthermore, with the EMR, queries can be carried out efficiently with respect to time.

Finally, with the potential for the incorporation of reminders and decision support, the

likelihood of mistakes and omissions should decrease.

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In addition to benefiting the individual patient, the Computerized Medical Record is also

likely to benefit the larger population. Clinical research will likely be enhanced, as

researchers have easier access to information about patients that will increase

understanding of disease and its treatment.

Screening and other preventive measures will become easier to implement as patients of

various attributes (i.e., gender, age, presence of other risk factors) can be identified and

contacted.

Fielde, (1994), stated that transformation of medical practices is emerging not only as a

result of the availability of these technology but as a deliberate attempt to address the

image challenges facing the health care delivery. According to National Alliance for

Health Information Technology (NAHIT), The EHR refers to an electronic record of

health-related information on an individual that conforms to nationally recognized

interoperability standards and that can be created, managed, and consulted by authorized

clinicians and staff across more than one health care organization.

 METHODLOGY

The research methodology of a project deals with the various techniques needed to conduct

a successful research work. Usually, such research could be quantitative –focused on the

number, or qualitative –research values. In this research, qualitative study is employed as it

relates to human lives.

 EXPECTED RESULT

Medical records provide users with information about a test carried out, a patient

admitted, or transactions going on in the hospital. These records need to be accessed by

authorized users and updated as quick as possible. The safety of such records cannot also

be bargained as it goes a long way to ensure confidentiality and privacy.

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The new system with its password login nature ensures that only uthorized users have

access to the records. This shows that privacy and confidentiality is enforced. The new

system also provides a centralized database to help simplify and properly manage the

medical records. A simple medical record contains the report of various Doctors, laboratory

technicians, Nurses, etc. on a particular test or a patient. The speed of searching, sorting,

retrieval embedded in the new system ensures that records are accessed, stored and retrieved

at optimum time. Due to the fact that the new system exist as a software, the fear of damage

is very well limited unlike the existing system that is offline and prone to fire or any other

damage.

 PROJECT PLAN

S/N WORK DONE WEEK DEPENDECY

1 INTROUCTION 1 -

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2 -

3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 3 1
4 PROGRAM TESTING 4 2

5 PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION 5 3,4

6 SUMMARY 6 5

S/N WORK DONE W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7

1 INTROUCTION

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

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 4 PROGRAM TESTING

5  IMPLEMENTATION

6 SUMMARY

 CONCLUSION

One of the difficulties encountered in the implementation of a new system is the success

rate attached to the system. Questions like would the software succeed? Would it fail or

would it meet user demand are always asked. Software like this is not difficult to

implement and can serve multiple purposes. The impact that a record management system

would provide to a hospital like this is huge and cannot be over-emphasized. It is thus,

important to implement such a system as it would not only save lives, but improve

medical care.

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 REFERENCES

Adeyi, O. A. (2020). Pathology services in developing country-the West African

experience.Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 135(2), 183-186. Retrieved

from http://www.archivesofpathology.org/

Aiken, M., Gu, L., & Wang, J. (2013). Task knowledge and task-technology fit in a virtual

team. International Journal of Management, 30(1), 3-11. Retrieved from

http://www.internationaljournalofmanagement.co.uk/

Akinyemi, K. O., Oshundare, Y. O., Oyeyinka, O. G., & Coker, A. O. (2018). A

retrospective study of community-acquired Salmonella infections in patients attending

public hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 6(5),

387-395. doi:10.3855/jidc.2120

Aljabre, A. (2018). Cloud computing for increased business value. International Journal

of Business & Social Science, 3(1), 234-239. Retrieved from http://www.ijbssnet.com/

Amakom, U., & Ogujiuba, K. (2019). Distribution impact of public expenditure on

education and healthcare in Nigeria: A gender based welfare dominance analysis.

International Journal of Business & Management, 5(12), 116-127. Retrieved

http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index. php/ijbm

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