9

Chemistry

Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct

answer.

1. Which of these is an example of a chemical change?

A. Methane is burned in air.

B. Solid gold is melted to make jewelry.
C. A bar of copper is stretched into a long copper wire.
D. Iron is coated with bronze to prevent rusting

2. Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

A. protons and neutrons

B. neutrons and electrons
C. protons and electrons
D. protons

3. What is the approximate mass of 1.50 moles of ammonia (NH3)?

A. 10.0 grams
B. 15.0 grams
128
C. 17.0 grams
D. 25.5 grams

4. One of the most important properties of mixtures is that they

A. are very reactive and unstable

B. may have different proportions of their components
C. have fixed proportions of their components
D. can be separated only by chemical means

5. What is the percent composition by mass of sulfur in ammonium

sulfate, (NH4)2SO4?

A. 6.7%
B. 24%
C. 28%
D. 32%

6. Which of these is a base?

A. LiOH
B. BaCl2
C. Kl
D. KNO3

129
7. The compound shown below is a

A. triglyceride
B. trinucleotide
C. tripeptide
D. trisaccharide
E. triterpene

8. Which one of the following is a strong acid?

A. HNO3
B. CaSO4
C. NH3
D. NaOH

9. Which of the following terms used as a measure of the average

kinetic energy of the particles in a sample?

A. temperature
B. chemical energy
C. volume
D. pressure

130
10. Which characteristic of an exothermic reaction differs from that
of an endothermic reaction?

A. An exothermic reaction absorbs heat as the reaction progresses.

B. The activation energy is higher in an exothermic reaction.
C. An exothermic reaction releases heat as the reaction
progresses.
D. The products in exothermic reactions have more potential
energy than the reactants.

11. Chlorine atom is in an excited state. When an electron in this

atom jumps from the fourth to the third shell, energy is

A. absorbed
B. converted to electricity
C. released
D. disappeared

12. Which element has the highest electronegativity?

A. nitrogen
B. iodine
C. fluorine
D. selenium

13. If the formula for potassium chlorate is KClO3 and the formula
for magnesium fluoride is MgF2, then what is the formula for
magnesium chlorate?

A. MgClO3
B. Mg2ClO3
C. Mg(ClO3)2
D. Mg2(ClO3)3
131
14. Which part of an atom is most directly involved in chemical
bonding?

A. nucleus
B. electron
C. proton
D. neutron

15. The graph below shows the solubilities of four compounds.

132
A supersaturated solution at 50 degrees Celsius contains 41 g of
solute in 100 g of water. Which compound does the supersaturated
solution contain?

A. Potassium Iodide
B. Potassium Nitrate
C. Sodium Nitrate
D. Sodium Chloride

16. The electron configuration of a neutral atom of calcium is

shown.
1s22s22p63s23p64s2
How many valence electrons are in the atom?

A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
D. 20

For questions 17 and 18, consider the following reaction:

4 Al (s) + 3 O2 (g) ⇒ 2 Al2O3 (s)

17. The reaction can be classified as which one of the following

types?

A. precipitation
B. decomposition
C. synthesis
D. double displacement

18. How many moles of Al2O3 can be produced from the reaction of
10.0 g of Al and 19.0 g of O2?
133
A. 0.581 mol
B. 0.371 mol
C. 0.185 mol
D. 0.396 mol

19. Isotopes of an element have different numbers of

A. protons
B. neutrons
C. electrons
D. positrons

20. Which of the following equations represents sublimation?

A. CH4(l)→CH4(g)
B. CH3OH(g)→CH3OH(l)
C. Hg(l)→Hg(s)
D. CO2(s)→CO2(g)

21. For elements in the left-most column of the periodic table,

properties that have increasing values as the atomic number
increases include which of the following?

I. Ionization energy (potential)

II. Atomic radius
III. Atomic mass

A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only
E. I, II, and III

134
22. A student conducting a titration by adding 12.0 mL of
NaOH(aq), of unknown concentration to 16.0 mL of 0.15 M HCl(aq).
What is the molar concentration of the NaOH(aq)?

A. 2.0 M
B. 2.4 M
C. 0.2 M
D. 0.15 M

23. The reaction of nitrogen dioxide with water yields

A. HNO3 only
B. HNO2 only
C. HNO3 and NO
D. NH3 and H2O2
E. NH3 and O2

24. Which of these is an example of a homogenous mixture?

A. a bowl of noodle soup

B. a container of water and sand.
C. a glass of salt water.
D. a bottle of oil and vinegar.

25. The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.27 years. Approximately how

much of a 199 g sample will remain after 20 years?

A. 10.0 g
B. 12.5 g
C. 40.0 g
D. 50.0 g

135
26. In which of the following reactions is water considered to be
acting as an acid?

27. A 2135 cm3 sample of dry air has a pressure of 98.4 kPa at 127
degrees Celsius. What is the volume of the sample if the
temperature is increased to 206 degrees Celsius when the
pressure is kept constant?

A. 1320 cm3
B. 1780 cm3
C. 2560 cm3
D. 3460 cm3

28. Which of these represents a release of energy?

A. H2O(l) →H2O(g)
B. H2O(s) → H2O(l)
C. H2O(g) → H2O(l)
D. H2O(s) → H2O(g)

136
29. During the production of aspirin, 2.6 g of aspirin can be formed
from 2.0 g of salicylic acid. What is the percent yield if only 1.7 g of
aspirin is produced?

A. 35%
B. 65%
C. 77%
D. 85%

30. Analysis by mass of a certain compound shows that it contains

14 percent hydrogen and 86 percent carbon. Which of the following
is the most informative statement that can properly be made about
the compound on the basis of these data?

A. It is a hydrocarbon.
B. Its empirical formula is CH2
C. Its molecular formula is C2H4 .
D. Its molar mass is 28 g/mol.
E. It contains a triple bond.

31. Which characteristic is more similar in liquids and solids as

compared to gases?
A. the masses of particles.
B. the distance between particles.
C. the degree to which particles are organized.
J. the strength of chemical bonds within particles.

32. The reaction shown below represents the oxidation of ammonia

(NH3).
4NH3(aq) + 5O2(g) --> 4NO(g) + 6H2O(l)

How many grams of water (H2O) will be formed when 34 grams of

ammonia reacts with an excess of oxygen (O2)?
137
A. 51 grams
B. 54 grams
C. 64 grams
D. 110 grams

33. Which of these describes how gallium forms a 3+ ion?

A. The gallium loses 3 electrons.

B. The gallium loses 3 protons.
C. The gallium gains 3 electrons.
D. The gallium gains 3 protons.

34. In which two compounds does nitrogen have the same

oxidation number?

35. A student fills a flask with 5.0 moles of nitrogen gas and then
seals the flask. Which change will happen when the student warms
the flask?

A. The temperature of the nitrogen gas will decrease.

B. The pressure inside the flask will increase.
C. The volume inside the flask will decrease.
D. The molar mass of the nitrogen gas will increase.
138
36. How many atoms are in 3.50 moles of calcium (Ca)?

A. 4.00 x 101
B. 1.40 x 102
C. 6.02 x 1023
D. 2.10 x 1024

37. Which of the following is the IUPAC name for this compound?

A. 4-methyl-l-hexene
B. 4-ethyl-l-pentene
C. 2-ethyl-4-pentene
D. sec-butyl propylene
E. 3-methyl-5-hexene

38. The equation below represents an incomplete chemical

reaction.
Al + Cl2 →?

What is the product of the chemical reaction?

139
A. Al2Cl3
B. AlCl
C. AlCl2
D. AlCl3

39. Which information about a solution is required to calculate its

molarity?

A. number of moles of solute and atomic mass of solute

B. number of moles of solvent and atomic mass of solute
C. number of particles of solvent and the volume of solvent
D. number of moles of solute and number of liters of solution.

40. Of the following carboxylic acids, which is the most acidic?

140
41. Which one of the following processes is accompanied by a
decrease in entropy?

A. Sublimation of carbon dioxide.

B. Evaporation of water.
C. Freezing of water.
D. Shuffling a deck of cards.
E. Heating a balloon filled with a gas.

42. Which of the following is the pH of a solution obtained by mixing

50.0 mL of 0.100 M HA and 50.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH?

I. Neutral if HA is a strong acid

II. Basic if HA is a weak acid
III. Neutral if HA is a weak acid

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II
E. I and III

43. The combustion of propane, C3H8(g), proceeds according to the

equation below:
C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l)

How many grams of water will be formed in the complete

combustion of 44.0 grams of propane?

A. 4.50 g
B. 18.0 g
C. 44.0 g
D. 72.0 g
E. 176 g

141
44. Which of the following is NOT accompanied by an increase in
the entropy of the system?

A. Discharging a battery
B. Boiling water at atmospheric pressure
C. Very slow mixing of hot and cold water in a well-insulated
container
D. Very slow expansion of a gas into an evacuated flask
E. Rapid expansion of a gas and recompression to its original
temperature, pressure, and volume

45. A student sets up an experiment to investigate the effect of

temperature on the volume of 50 grams of gas inside a balloon.
Which statement correctly describes the design of the experiment?

A. The temperature is an experimental control, and the volume is

the independent variable.
B. The volume is an experimental control, and the temperature is
the dependent variable.
C. The mass of the gas is an experimental control, and the
temperature is the independent variable.
D. The temperature is an experimental control, and the mass of the
gas is the dependent variable.

46. The equation below represents the breakdown of potassium

chlorate (KClO3).
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

What volume of oxygen gas (O2) does 20.0 grams of potassium

chlorate (KClO3) produce at STP based on the equation shown?

A. 5.48 liters
B. 7.80 liters
142
C. 67.3 liters
D. 72.9 liters

47. Two measuring tools are shown.

What is the most appropriate tool for measuring 30.0 mL of a

sodium chloride solution?

A. the beaker because it is more stable and the liquid is less likely
to spill.
B. the beaker because it is calibrated to hold large amounts of
liquid
C. the graduated cylinder because it is calibrated to measure the
liquid more precisely.
D. the graduated cylinder because it will be nearly filled with liquid.

143
48. Which of the following compounds produces H2 gas when
added to water?

A. LiH
B. CH4
C. NH3
D. PH3
E. H2S

49. Which of the following is aromatic?

144
50. An engine cylinder contains 250 mL of gas at a pressure of 1.0
atm. As the engine runs, it compresses the cylinder, reducing the
volume of the gas to 25 mL. What is the new pressure of the gas at
this volume?

A. 0.10 atm
B. 10.0 atm
C. 25 atm
D. 250 atm

145
Chemistry Answer Key
17
1. A. 15. D.
29. B.
2. A. 16. A.
30. B.
3. D. 17. C.
31. B.
4. B. 18. C.
32. B.
5. B. 19. B.
33. A.
6. A. 20. D.
34. B.
7. E. 21. D.
35. B.
8. A. 22. C.
36. D.
9. A. 23. C.
37. A.
10. C. 24. C.
38. D.
11. C. 25. B.
39. D.
12. C. 26. D.
40. D.
13. C. 27. C.
41. C.
14. B. 28. C.

166
42. D. 45. C. 48. A.

43. D. 46. A. 49. E.

44. E. 47. C. 50. B.

167