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CHE REFRESHER - COACHING

FINAL PREBOARD EXAM
Physical & Chemical Principles (30%)
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INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for
each item by marking the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only.
1. A solution contains 70 grams of KNO3 in 100 grams of water at 60ºC. Approximately how many
additional grams of KNO3 are required to saturate this solution?
A. 40 * B. 18 C. 54 D. 72
2. The pH of a solution made by dissolving 0.03 mole of sodium acetate in enough water to make 500 mL
of solution is
A. 7.0 B. 9.26 * ` C. 4.74 D. 2.98
3. A 2.35 gram sample was dissolved in water,and the chloride ions were precipitated by adding silver
nitrate. If 0.435 g of precipitate was obtained, what is the percentage of chlorine in the sample?
A. 10.8% B. 4.6% * C. 43.5% D. 18%
4. Bromine-82 has a half-life of 35.7 hours. How many milligrams of Br-82 will remain if 2.30 g of Br-82
decays for exactly 1 week?
A. 4.40 B. 238 C. 24.6 D. 88.1 *
5. In the reaction CaCO3 + 2HCl  H2O + CO2 + CaCl2 how many grams of CaCO3 are needed to
produce 3.00 L of CO2 at STP?
A. 13.4 * B. 9.11 C. 5.89 D. 7.47
6. A 0.20 g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is burned, and 0.357 g
of CO2 and 0.146 g of H2O are collected. What is the percentage of carbon in this compound?
A. 56.0% B. 73.0% C. 48.7% * D. 24.3%
7. In the reaction 2AgNO3 + CaCl2  2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 how many grams of AgCl will precipitate when
2.0 g AgNO3 is reacted with 15.0 g CaCl2?
A. 16.9 * B. 38.8 C. 33.8 D. 8.45
8. A 50.0 g sample of impure CaCl2 is reacted with excess AgNO3 according to the reaction
2AgNO3 + CaCl2  2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2 If 5.86 g of AgCl precipitates, what is the percentage of
chlorine in the sample?
A. 1.45% B. 2.90% * C. 3.80% D. 11.7%
9. At 30ºC a sample of hydrogen is collected over water in a 500 mL flask. The total pressure in the
collection flask is 745 mmHg. What will be the percent error in the amount of hydrogen reported if the
correction for the vapor pressure of water is not made?
A. 0.0% B. +4.5% * C. -4.5% D. +4.3%
10. Which of the following when added to 1.0 kg H2O, is expected to give the greatest increase in the
boiling point of water?
A. 1.25 mol sucrose * B. 0.25 mol iron(III) nitrate
C. 0.60 mol calcium sulfate D. 1.0 mol acetic acid
11. If 50 mL of a 0.0134 M HCl solution is mixed with 24.0 mL of a 0.025 M NaOH solution, what is the pH
of the final mixture?
A. 1.87 B. 12.4 C. 5.29 D. 3.02 *
12. If 50.0 g of formic acid (Ka=1.8E-4) and 30 g sodium formate are dissolved to make 500 mL of solution,
the pH of this solution is
A. 4.76 B. 3.76 C. 3.35 * D. 4.12
13. Commercial nitric acid is approximately 15.4 M. What volume of commercial nitric acid must be used to
prepare 5.0 L of 6.0 M nitric acid?
A. 1.94 mL B. 12.8 mL C. 390 mL D. 1950 mL *
14. The Ka for hydrofluoric acid is 6.8E-4. What percentage of HF is dissociated in a 0.08 M M solution
where the hydronium ion concentration is 7.4E-3 M?
A. 12.3% B. 4.25% C. 9.2% * D. 1.12%
15. Under what conditions is mass conserved in fluid flow?
A. The flow is isentropic C. The flow is adiabatic
B. The fluid is incompressible D. It is always conserved *
16. Which of the following properties are intensive properties?
I. temperature II.pressure III. composition IV. Mass
A. I only B. I and II C.I and IV D. I, II and III*
17. How many independent properties are required to completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure gaseous
compound?
A. 1 B. 2 * C. 3 D. 4
18. The mole is a basic unit of measurement in chemistry. Which of the following is not equal to or the same
as one mole of the substance indicated?
A. 22.4 liters of nitrogen (N2) gas at STP C. 12 g of carbon atoms
B. 1 g of hydrogen (H) atoms D. 16 g of oxygen (O2) molecules *
19. Which one of the following is standard temperature and pressure (STP)?
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 A. 0 K and one atmosphere pressure C. 0 F and zero pressure
B. 32F and one atmosphere pressure D. 0 C and one atmosphere pressure *
20. Which of the following statements is true for a real gas, but not for an ideal gas?
A. The total volume of molecules in a gas is nearly the same as the volume of the gas as a whole.*
B. pV=nRT
C. Collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic with no net decrease in kinetic energy
D. No attractive forces exists between the molecules of a gas
E. An increase in temperature causes an increase in the kinetic energy of the gas
21. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: N2 + 3 H2 2NH3 ∆H=-11 kcal What would be the
expected effect on the amount of NH3 under each of the following conditions?
I. raise the temperature II. compress the mixture II. add additional H2
A. I : decrease, II : increase, III : increase * D. I : decrease, II : increase, III : decrease
B. I : increase, II : increase, III : decrease E. I : decrease, II : decrease, III : increase
C. I : increase, II : decrease, III : decrease
22. What are valence electrons?
A. the outer shell electrons * C. the electrons of complete quantum shells
B. electrons with positive charge D. the K-quantum shell electrons
23. What are Van der Waals forces?
A. weak secondary bonds between atoms * C. forces between electrons and protons
B. primary bonds between atoms D. forces present only in gases
24. Compare the metallic iron atom Fe and the ferric ions Fe3+ and Fe2+. Which has the smallest atomic
radius?
A. Fe B. Fe2+ C. Fe3+ * D. they have the same radii
25. sp² hybridization will be found for carbon in
A. CH4 B. C2H4* C. C2H2 D. CH3OH
26. Which of the following is responsible for the abnormally high boiling point of water?
A. covalent bonding B. hydrogen bonding * C. high polarity D. large dielectric constant
27. Which of the following is the most soluble in water?
A. hexanol B. benzene C. acetic acid * D. acetylene
28. Which of the following bonds is the least polar?
A. B-Cl B. H-I C. C-Cl D. C-I *
29. The diene CH2=CH-CH=CH2 has double bonds that are
A. conjugated * B. cumulated C. propagated D. isolated
30. An example of a dipole molecule is
A. CH4 B. H2 C. NaCl D. H2O *
31. Which of the following has the largest atomic radius?
A. Ba * B. Ca C. As D. At
32. Which of the following atoms has the smallest atomic radius?
A. Na B. Al C. S * D. As
33. Which of the following elements has the largest first ionization energy?
A. S B. O * C. Si D. Ca
34. The Lewis structure for ammonia, NH3, has
A. four bonding pairs C. three bonding pairs and one lone pair *
B. two bonding pairs and two lone pairs D. one bonding pair and three lone pairs
35. Which of the following elements is assigned the highest electronegativity value?
A. Cs B. C C. Te D. Cl *
36. A water sample is reported to have a hardness of 20 grains per gallon calcium ion. What is the calcium
concentration in mg/L?
A. 342 * B. 311 C. 288 D. 271
37. An oxide of copper is transformed to elemental copper by heating in an atmosphere of hydrogen. The
other product is water. A sample of oxide weighing 52.6 g forms 11.9 g water. What is the formula of the
oxide?
A. CuO * B. Cu2O C. CuO2 D. Cu2O3
38. A 100 ml sample of air exhaled from the lungs is analyzed and found to contain 0.083 g N2, 0.0194 g
O2, 0.0064 g CO2 and 0.00441 g water vapor at 35ºC. What is the total pressure of the sample?
A. 0.95 atm B. 1 atm * C. 1.2 atm D. 1,42atm
39. From the data in #38, what is partial pressure of water?
A. 0.749 atm B. 0.153 atm C. 0.0368 atm D. 0.0619 atm *
40. What is the wavelength of blue light, which has a frequency of 6.4E14 /s?
A. 142 nm B. 255 nm C. 377 nm D. 470 nm *
41. Describe the geometry of CH2Cl2, dichloromethane.
A. linear, polar B. tetarahedral, nonpolar C. tetrahedral, polar * D.linear, nonpolar
42. The active ingredient in a common household bleach is sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl. What is the
oxidation number of chlorine in sodium hypochlorite?
A. 0 B. +1 * C. -1 D. +2
43. A solution labeled as “tincture of iodine” (iodine dissolved in alcohol) is analyzed by titration with
standard sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3. To reach and point, 29.80 mL of 0.0750 N Na2S2O3 is required
to titrate 4.0 g sample of iodine solution. What is the percentage iodine in the solution?
2- 2- -
2S2O3 + I2 S4O6 + 2 I
A. 45% B. 32% C. 18% D. 7.09% *
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44. An 11.2 g sample of sulfur was dissolved in 40 g of carbon disulfide. The boiling point elevation of
carbon disulfide was found to be 2.63ºC. What is the formula of the molecular sulfur?
A. S B. S3 C. S4 D. S8 *
45. A concern associated with the burning of fossil fuels is a build-up of CO2 in the upper atmosphere that
will cause the atmosphere to warm up ( the “greenhouse effect”). Calculate the temperature required for
the average molecular speed of CO2 to equal the escape velocity of 11 km/s.
A. 2.1 E5 K * B. 1.2 E4 K C. 3.2 E3 K D. 5.4E6 K
46. How much sulfuric acid could be produced from the sulfur recovered from burning 1.0 ton of coal that is
1.0% sulfur? Assume that the conversion of sulfur to sulfuric acid occurs with a 75% yield.
A. 32 lb B. 46 lb * C. 52 lb D. 58 lb
47. Carbon dioxide decomposes at elevated temperatures to carbon monoxide and oxygen :
2CO2(g) 2CO(g) +O2(g). At 3000 K, 2 moles of CO2 is placed in a 1 L container and allowed to
equilibriate. At equilibrium, 0.90 mol CO2 remains. What is the value for Kc at this temperature?
A. 0.82 * B. 1.12 C. 1.86 D. 2.44
48. How long (in minutes) will it take to plate a piece of automobile molding with 1.0 g of chromium metal
using a Cr+3 solution and a 2 A current?
A. 34.1 B. 38.9 C. 46.4 * D. 51.2
49. If 10.0 A were passed through a lead storage cell for 1.5 hr during a charging process, how much
PbSO4 would decompose?
A. 170.0 g* B. 145.8 g C. 110.8 g D. 88.7 g
-
50. What is the ratio of [HCO3 ] to [H2CO3] in blood at ph 7.40 (Ka=4.3E-7)?
A. 1.7E-14 B. 7.0E-4 C. 9.3E-2 D. 11*
51. Lead sulfate has a solubility of 4.25 mg per 100 ml of solution. What is its Ksp?
A. 1.4E-4 B. 1.81E-3 C. 1.96E-8* D. 1.96E-10
52. What is the final pH if 0.020 molHCl is added to 0.50 L of a 0.28 M NH3 and 0.22 M NH4Cl buffer
solution?
A. 4.64 B. 11.32 C. 4.78 D. 9.22*
53. Using the van der Waals’ equation, calculate the pressure exerted by 1 mole of carbon dioxide at 0ºC in
a volume of 1L.
A. 2.45 atm B. 11.6 atm C. 19.8 atm * D. 27.9 atm
54. A solution of gold nitrate is electrolyzed with 0.5 ampere current. If 2.57 g of gold is deposited on the
cathode, what is the duration of the electrolysis in minutes?
A. 26 B. 62 C. 126 * D. 162
55. Chlorine gas effuses through a small opening at a rate of 3 moles / min. How fast will helium gas effuse
through the same opening?
A. 6.93 mol/min B. 12.63 mol/min* C. 18.59 mol/min D. 25.18 mol/min
56. What is the pH of a solution obtained from mixing 50 ml of a 0.1 M HCl solution and 50 ml of a 0.2 M
NaOH solution?
A. 1.3 B. 7.0 C. 9.4 D. 12.7 *
57. A 10 molal solution of sodium sulfate in ethyl alcohol has density of 1.07 g/cc. What is the molarity of
the solution?
A. 3.86 M B. 4.42 M * C. 9.35 M D. 10.70 M
58. If 0.40 mole of H2 and 0.40 mole of CO2 are placed in a 1 litercontainer at 986 C, what is the final
equilibrium concentration of water vapor? H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g) K = 1.60
A. 0.22 M * B. 0.44 M C. 0.66 M D. 0.88 M
59. Bone dry air is allowed to flow into a 750 ml water-filled saturator in order to increase its moisture
content. If the saturator is operating at the equilibrium conditions of 50 C and 1 atm, determine the mole
fraction of water in the exit air stream.
A. 0.03 B. 0.07 C. 0.12 * D. 0.18
60. What is the osmotic pressure of a solution that contains 0.10 mol of sodium chloride dissolved in a liter
of water at 25 C?
A. 1.75 atm B. 2.29 atm C. 3.02 atm D. 4.88 atm *
61. A storm sewer is carrying snow melt containing 1.200 g/L sodium chloride into a small stream. The
stream has a naturally occurring sodium chloride concentration of 20 mg/L. If the storm sewer flow rate
is 2000 L/min and the stream flow rate is 2.0 m3/s, what is the concentration of salt in the stream after
the discharge point? Assume that the sewer flow and the stream flow are completely mixed, that the salt
is a conservative substance (it does not react), and that the system is at steady state.
A. 39 mg/L * B. 58 mg/L C. 71 mg/L D. 85 mg/L
62. A well-mixed sewage lagoon (a shallow pond) is receiving 430 m3/d of sewage out of a sewer pipe. The
lagoon has a surface area of 10 ha (hectares) and a depth of 1.0 m. The pollutant concentration in the
raw sewage discharging into the lagoon is 180 mg/L. The organic matter in the sewage degrades
biologically (decays) in the lagoon according to first-order kinetics. The reaction rate constant (decay
coefficient) is 0.70 / day. Assuming no other water losses or gains (evaporation, seepage, or rainfall)
and that the lagoon is completely mixed, find the steady state concentration of the pollutant in the
lagoon effluent.
A. 0.08 mg/L B. 1.10 mg/L * C. 2.75 mg/L D. 4.05 mg/L
63. The density of dry air at 0.986 bar and 27 C is 1.146 g/dm3. Calculate the percent N2 in air assuming
only N2 and O2 are present.
A. 75.5% * B. 70.1% C. 79.1% D. 81.5%

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64. Calculate the volume that 1.5 mol of (C2H5)2S would occupy at 275C and 12.5 bar, Pc=39.6 bar and Tc
= 283.8 C for (C2H5)2S
A. 1.2 dm3 B. 4.8 dm3 * C. 7.9 dm3 D. 12.7 dm3
65. Who discovered radioactivity?
A. Henri Becquerel * B. Piere& Marie Curie C. Wilhelm Roentgen D. Neils Bohr
66. How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine?
A. 2 * B. 5 C. 7 D. 8
67. How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and uracil?
A. 2 * B. 5 C. 3 D. 8
68. How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cystosine?
A. 2 B. 5 C. 7 D. 3 *
69. Name the amino acid with the given formula NHOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH.
A. lysine B. glutamine C. asparagine* D. arginine
70. How many moles are there in 1005.3 mg of acetaminophen?
A. 6.49E-2 B. 6.49E-3 * C. 6.49E-4 D. 6.49E-5
71. What is the molecular weight of sucrose?
A. 180 B. 240 C. 300 D. 342 *
72. How many liters is 27000 fluid barrels?
A. 3.22E6 * B. 3.22E5 C. 4.29E6 D. 4.29E5
73. How many liters is 27000 oil barrels?
A. 3.22E6 B. 3.22E5 C. 4.29E6 * D. 4.29E5
74. Who coined the term serendipity?
A. Horace Walpole* B. Archimedes C. Wilhelm Roentgen D. Neils Bohr
75. If the 3-day BOD (BOD3) of a waste is 75 mg/L and the BOD decay constant, k, is 0.345/day, what is
the ultimate BOD?
A. 100 mg/L B. 110 mg/L C. 116 mg/L * D. 130 mg/L
76. How much oil at 200ºC must be added to 50 grams of the same oil at 20ºC to heat it to 70ºC?
A. 12.39 grams B. 29.12 grams C. 19.23 grams * D. 23.91 grams
77. A 2 lb of 200°F iron ( Cp= 0.1 BTU/lb-°F) are dropped into a gallon of 40°F water. What is the final
temperature of the mixture?
A. 43.74°F * B. 34.47°F C. 33.77°F D. 53.77°F
78. A volume of 200 ml of methane at –42°C is heated until the increase in volume is 100 ml. Find the final
temperature.
A. 0.74°C B. 7.4°C C. 74°C * D. 2.5°C
79. One liter of oxygen is collected at 22°C. The temperature of the room rises to 25°C and then falls to
20°C. Calculate the contraction of the gas in ml as it cools from 25°C to 20°C.
A. 0.17 ml B. 1.7 ml C. 17 ml * D. 170 ml
3
80. Two gases occupy two containers, A and B. The gas in A, of volume 0.11 m , exerts a pressure of 1.38
3
MPa. The gas in B, of volume 0.16m , exerts a pressure of 0.69 MPa. The two containers are united by
a tube of negligible volume and the gases are allowed to intermingle. What is the final pressure in the
container if the temperature remains constant?
A. 0.78 MPa B. 0.83 MPa C. 0.92 MPa D. 0.97 MPa *
81. For the reaction H2(g) + I2(g)  HI(g) equilibrium constant at 500°C is 62.5. if 5 moles of H2 and 5.0
moles of I2 are placed in a 10 liter container at 500°C and allowed to come to equilibrium.Calculate the
final concentration of I2.
A. 0.15 mol/L * B. 0.15 L/mol C. 0.10 mol/L D. 0.10 L/mol
82. For the reaction H2(g) + I2(g)  HI(g) equilibrium constant at 500°C is 62.5. if 5 moles of H2 and 5.0
moles of I2 are placed in a 10 liter container at 500°C and allowed to come to equilibrium. Calculate the
final concentration of HI.
A. 0.80 L/mol B. 0.80 mol/L * C. 0.10 mol/L D. 0.10 L/mol
83. For the reaction : 2A + B ↔ 2C + D , the equilibrium concentrations of A, B, C, and D in mol/L are 2,
1.2,, 3.0 and 0.6 respectively. What is the numerical value of Keq?
A. 0.889 B. 1.33 C. 1.12 * D. 4.32
84. The rate constant for the substitution reaction C4H9Cl + H2O → C4H9OH + HCl
increases by a factor of 10.6 when the temperature is increased from 298 K to 308 K. Calculate the
activation energy of the reaction.
A. 180 kJ/mol * B. 78.2 kJ/mol C. 43.9 kJ/mol D. 12.1 kJ/mol
85. In general isomers should have the same
A. boilingpoint B. number of carbon atomsC. molecular mass * D. density
86. It is a linear polymer which may be reversibly softened by heat and solidified by cooling.
A. thermosets B. thermoplastic * C. polymer D. copolymer
87. The inventor of PF plastics (bakelite).
A. Patrick B. Carothers C. Baekeland * D. Kienle
88. The general formula of PVC.
A. (CH2CH2)n B. (Cl2CCFCl)n C. (CH2CHCl)n * D. (CF2CF2CF)n
89. Biological compound which is soluble in nonpolar solvent but insoluble in water.
A. carbohydrates B. lipids * C. proteins D. vitamins
90. The fluid portion occupying the whole portion of the cell is the
A. ribosomes B. cytoplasm * C. vacuole D. lysosome
91. Microorganisms made of small and simple cells are known as
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 A. prokaryotes * B. eukaryotes C. algae D. protozoa
92. A certain liquid has a viscosity of 2.5E4 poise and a density of 3.2 g/ml. How long will it take for
platinum ball with a 2.5 mm radius to fall 1 cm through the liquid? The density of platinum is 21.4 g/cm³.
A. 140.5 s B. 128.4 s C. 133.4 s D. 101.25 s *
{93-94} The equilibrium system acetone(1)-acetonitrile(2)-ntiromethane(3) at 80°C and 110 kPa has the
overall composition z1= 0.45, z2= 0.35 , z3= 0.20. Assuming that Raoult’s law is appropriate to this system
and knowing the vapor pressures at 80°C of acetone, acetonitrile and nitromethane are 195.75 kPa, 97.84
kPa and 50.32 kPa respectively.
93. The mole fraction of vapor in the system is
A. 0.7364* B. 0.2636 C. 0.500 D. 0.971
94. The mole fraction of nitromethane in the liquid is
A. 0.2859 B. 0.3810 C. 0.3331* D. 0.1524
95. _____ rays are fast moving electrons.
A. gamma B. beta * C. alpha D. kappa
96. The half-life of the beta decay of cesium-137 is 30 years. How many years must pass to reduce a 25-
mg sample of cesium-137 to 0.78 mg?
A. 750 yrs B. 60 yrs C. 180 yrs D. 150 yrs *
97. Cobalt-60, which emits gamma rays and beta particles, is widely used in medicine to kill cancer cells. If
a patient is given 6.80 micrograms of cobalt-60, how much will remain after 20 years if its half-life is
5.27 years?
A. 0.425 micorgrams C. 94.3 micrograms
B. 0.490 micrograms * D. 0.0159 micrograms
98. 60.0 g of a dry-cleaning fluid was analyzed and found to contain 10.80 g C, 1.36 g H, and 47.84 g Cl.
Determine its empirical formula.
A. C3H3Cl3 B. C2H3Cl3 * C. C4H6Cl5 D. CH2Cl2
99. A compound containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen was analyzed and found to contain
70.6%C, 5.9% H and 23.5% O by mass. The molecular weight of the compound is 136 amu. What is
the molecular formula?
A. C8H8O2 * B. C8H4O C. C4H4O D. C5H6O2
100. For an enzyme that displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics, the reaction velocity (as a fraction of V max )
observed at [S] = 0.5 KM will be
A. 0.09 B. 0.33 * C. 0.66 D. 0.91
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