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    Boiler Training

    Uploaded by

    Alvin
    The document describes a 75t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler. It provides key performance indicators such as a rated evaporation of 75t/h, rated steam pressure of 5.3MPa, and efficiency of 88.62%. It then discusses the boiler's steam-water system, circulating fluidized system, coal feeding system, ignition system, and requirements for startup including washing, testing, and ignition. The document emphasizes maintaining appropriate furnace temperature and air supply for normal combustion.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Boiler Training

    Uploaded by

    Alvin
    103 views117 pages
    The document describes a 75t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler. It provides key performance indicators such as a rated evaporation of 75t/h, rated steam pressure of 5.3MPa, and efficiency of 88.62%. It then discusses the boiler's steam-water system, circulating fluidized system, coal feeding system, ignition system, and requirements for startup including washing, testing, and ignition. The document emphasizes maintaining appropriate furnace temperature and air supply for normal combustion.

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    The document describes a 75t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler. It provides key performance indicators such as a rated evaporation of 75t/h, rated steam pressure of 5.3MPa, and efficiency of 88.62%. It then discusses the boiler's steam-water system, circulating fluidized system, coal feeding system, ignition system, and requirements for startup including washing, testing, and ignition. The document emphasizes maintaining appropriate furnace temperature and air supply for normal combustion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    103 views117 pages

    Boiler Training

    Uploaded by

    Alvin
    The document describes a 75t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler. It provides key performance indicators such as a rated evaporation of 75t/h, rated steam pressure of 5.3MPa, and efficiency of 88.62%. It then discusses the boiler's steam-water system, circulating fluidized system, coal feeding system, ignition system, and requirements for startup including washing, testing, and ignition. The document emphasizes maintaining appropriate furnace temperature and air supply for normal combustion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 117

    SHANGHAI INDUSTRIAL BOIER CO.

    ,Ltd

    Providing green light and heat to society，returning clear water and blue sky to the earth
    SHANGHAI INDUSTRIAL BOIER CO.,Ltd

    目录 catalogue

    一
    Boiler system & Structure design

    二
    Boiler operation and maintenance
    Boiler system & Structure design
    • 额定蒸发量 75t/h

    • 额定蒸汽压力 5.3MPa

    • 额定蒸汽温度 495℃

    • 给水温度 153

    • 排烟温度 129.5℃

    • 过热器减温方式 喷水减温

    • 锅炉热效率 η 88.62%
    75t/h CFB boiler key performance
    indicators and parameters
    • Rated evaporation: 75t/h
    • Rated steam pressure: 5.3MPa
    • Rated steam temperature: 495°C
    • Feed water temperature: 153°C
    • Smoke-exhausted temperature: 129.5°C
    • desuperheater way:
    • efficiency η: 88.62%
    1、汽水系统

    Steam-water system
    水位调节Water level adjustment
    锅筒水位的急剧变化会使汽压、
    汽温产生波动。如果发生溢水或缺水
    事故，则要被迫停炉。因此运行中应
    尽量做到均衡连续供水，保持锅筒水
    位正常。

    The rapid change of drum


    water level would cause the
    steam pressure, temperature
    fluctuation. In the event of
    overflow or other water accident,
    the boiler would be forced to be
    shutdown. Therefore, water
    should be supplied continuously
    and smoothly so that the drum
    water level would be kept to be
    normal.
    ?
    13
    80

    300 450 450 300

    350 700

    烟气流向：燃烧室 炉膛 旋风分离器 吊挂管


    高温过热器 低温过热器 上级省煤器
    下级省煤器 二次风空预器 一次风空预器

    蒸汽流向：汽包 吊挂官 低温过热器


    减温器 高温过热器
    ?
    13
    80

    300 450 450 300

    380
    350 700

    310 2200
    2 6.5 X 80 (= 2 120)

    600 600
    50

    60
    280

    1600
    2、循环流化系统
    circulate fluidifying
    system
    Cyclone separator

    Furnace

    Feeding
    Back feeding

    Air distribution
    Slagging
    Slag cooler
    分离效率的影响
    1.床料粒径变细
    2.CaO利用率提高
    3.飞灰可燃物降低
    4.炉内颗粒浓度增加，传热系数增加

    Separation efficiency
    1.The bed material particle size
    thinning,
    2.CaO utilization improve
    3.Reduce fuel ash Combustibles
    4.Particle concentration increases
    the furnace, the heat transfer
    coefficient increases
    Coal feeding system
    落煤管

    煤闸门

    炉膛

    膨胀节

    吹扫管

    吹扫管
    点火装置Ignition System

    Ø 机械雾化
    Ø 启动耗油少
    炉膛
    Ø 远方DCS控制

    水冷风室

    床下点火
    燃烧器
    • 石灰石通过气力输送管道，给到炉前，由布置在锅炉四个
    喷口进入炉膛

    • Limestone through pneumatic conveying pipelines,


    given to the blast furnace by two nozzles arranged
    in the boiler into the furnace
    炉内压力沿炉膛高度的变化

    6
    压力（kPa）

    4
    2
    0
    -2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
    炉膛高度方向（米）
    •密销钉布置使耐火层非常牢固
    •簿耐火层使较冷的耐火材料抗
    磨性好
    •减少维修量

    . . . . . •减轻重量

    . . . . . •Secret pin arrangement

    . . . . .
    makes very solid refractory
    layer
    •Book colder refractories
    refractory layer makes good
    abrasion resistance
    •reduce repair number
    •reduce weight
    Front/back waterwall
    side water wall
    “Target
    area”

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    soots blower
    1.6 Bottom heating surface

    1.Superheater

    2.Economizer

    3.Air Preheater
    过热器烟气氧量3.5％
    Superheater smoke oxygen content3.5％

    除尘器进口烟气氧量3.5％
    Ash discharger import smoke oxygen content3.5％
    2.布风装置
    锅炉在整体启动试运前，除需完成各系统主要设备分部调试外，还需完成：
    锅炉冲洗，辅机联锁保护试验，锅炉烘炉，锅炉冷态空气动力场试验，锅炉点
    火试验，化学煮炉，蒸汽吹管，锅炉安全阀调试，锅炉主保护试验等主要工作。

    Preparations before boiler startup


    Except for the commissioning of major equipments, the following
    work should also be done before the overall startup: boiler washing,
    testing of interlock protection of auxiliary machine, boiler baking,
    boiler cold aerodynamic field test, ignition test, chemical boil-out,
    steam purging, safety valve commissioning and main protection test

    of boiler.
    Ignition and boost up

    Ⅰ. Preparation before ignition


    What inspection should be done before boiler ignition?
    Answer:
    ⑴Internal and external inspection on boiler;
    ⑵inspection on main safety accessories;
    ⑶inspection on auxiliary equipment and combustion equipment;
    ⑷Inspection on pipelines and valves;
    ⑸notify the water treatment department to prepare the demineralized water,
    inspection on economizer, air preheater and flues gas discharging system
    Ⅱ. Feeding water
    Ⅲ. Ignition and fire spreading
    Ⅳ. Boost up and pipe warming
    Furnace negative pressure adjustment

    During normal operation of the boiler, generally as required,


    the furnace negative pressure should be maintained between -
    20 to -200Pa, if positive pressure, the flame will spread out of
    the furnace door, damaging equipment and causing injury to
    personnel; if the negative pressure is over large, the cold air
    volume entering the furnace will increase, thus causing
    reduction of furnace temperature and increasing of heat loss

    Adjust the air volume ratio of blower and induced draft fan,
    thus to adjust the furnace negative pressure, and the air
    volume supply should be considered to ensure normal
    combustion of the fuel
    Normal combustion indicator:

    1.Maintain a relative high furnace temperature. The suitable


    temperature of the bed temperature should be between 860℃
    to 960℃
    2.Keep an appropriate air volume supply
    3.Reduce the flammables of the slag, namely reduce the
    carbon content of the slag
    4.Improve the boiler heat efficiency by improving the operation
    technics level of the stoker and maintaining boiler heat
    efficiency above 88%
    The purpose of boiler shutdown for maintenance and commonly
    used method?

    Answer: Since high moisture inside the boiler, poor


    ventilation and being in moisture condition for long period
    of time, additionally the coming of oxygen and carbon
    dioxide in air increases massive dissolved oxygen in the
    water inside the boiler, there forms a strong corrosive
    agent in the boiler water, causing strong corrosion to the
    boiler metal components.

    Method: generally dry maintenance and wet maintenance can


    be used
    谢谢！

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