I.

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Define parallel structures;
b. Determine parallel elements in the sentences;
c. Use parallel structures;
d. Participate actively during class discussion.

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Parallel Structures
b. Reference/s: English in Perspective, Afro-Asian Literature. Abiva Publishing House, Inc. Abiva
Bldg. 851 G. Araneta Ave., Quezon City, 2016. pp. 109-112.
c. Material/s: Laptop, powerpoint presentation, visual aids

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activities Students Activities

a. Preliminary Activities

1. Daily Routine

Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!

Who is absent today? (Students will answer.)

Who can lead the prayer? (One of the students lead the
prayer.)

How’s your day? Is it good so far? “ It was great ma’am!”

That’s good to know.

So, before we start our lesson let’s have first a short review of what
we discussed yesterday.

2. Review

Directions: Choose in the parenthesis the appropriate coordinating

and correlative conjunction to make the sentence complete.

1. They were poor, ____(and, but) often suffered great hardship.

2. He ate _____(not only, both)the chocolates____ (but also, and) “and”

the ice cream.
“not only…but also”
3. Hurry up, ____ (or, but) else you will be late.

4. He must have done his duty, ____ (for, so) he is a conscientious “or”

man.

5. He wants______ (neithe,either) the chocolates_____(nor, or) the “for”

cake.

“either…or”

Very good!

So, are you ready to discuss our new topic today?”

“Okay that’s good, but before that I have short task for you to do.
“Yes ma’am!”

3. Motivition

Spot the odd

Directions: These pictures have something in common, except one.

Which picture does not belong to the group?

1.

2.

3.

b. Presentation

“Very good! Now lets discuss your answers.

For number 1:

You encircle the picture of the boy which is different from the
group. What do you call the apple, watermelon and strawberry?
They are called?

Very good!

That’s why the boy is different because a boy is a human and not a “Fruits”
fruit.

For number 2:

You encircle the picture of a laptop which is different from the

group. It is because a laptop is a thing and not a human being unlike
the rest in the pictures.

Do you understand?

For number 3:
“Yes ma’am!”
You encircle the picture of a girl that is different from the
group of pictures. It is correct because all the rest are animals and a
girl is a human being.

Do you get it?

Our activity is related to our topic because we are going to discuss

the Parallel structure. Parallel means similar or analogous to
another.
“ Yes ma’am!”
 c. Discussion

Now, may I ask you. Who have an idea if what is parallel structure?

Parallel structure refers to the use of grammatical elements or

patterns that have the same function and express similar and
balanced ideas.

For example, if the first word in a group or series of words is a noun,

then the following items should also be nouns; if it is a verb, then all
the other items should also be verbs.

1. André loves to play golf and badminton.

(nouns)
2. The health officer inspected the kitchen,
observed the operation and explained some
health protocols. (verbs)
3. The teacher is kind, friendly, and understanding.
(adjective)
4. She folded the clothes neatly, nicely, and
orderly. (adverbs)

Do you get it?

In constructing sentences having similar or parallel forms, the

following rules should be observed.

1. Use parallel structure with elements joined by

the coordinating conjunctions for, and, nor, but, “Yes ma’am!”
or, yet, and so.

Examples:
a. You can use sugar or honey to sweeten the
flavor.
The parallel elements in the sentence are the
nouns sugar and honey.
b. The plants cover the earth, and animals live on it.
The parallel patterns are also the nouns plants
and animals.
Do you understand?

Try to answer this one:

c. Belinda thanked Aidan, for he found Belinda’s
cat.
What are the parallel elements in the sentence?
“Yes ma’am!”

What coordinating conjuncton used?

Very good! “The parallel elements are the

verbs thanked and
2. Use parallel structure with elements in a list of found.”
one or more items joined by a coordinating
conjunction. “for”
Examples:
a. Meg left her former employer so she can start
her own business, travel anytime she likes, and
be the boss. (verb phrases)

Do you understand?

Try to answer this one:

b. Sasha moved out of her parents’ house because
she wanted to be independent, to challenge
herself, and to have a fresh start. (infinitive
phrases) “Yes ma’am!”
What are the phrases having parallel structure?

What coordinating conjuncton used?

“to be independent, to challenge

Very good! herself, and to have a fresh start”

3. Use parallel structure with elements being compared.

“and”
When we compare things, we often use words such as more, less,
better, rather and worse. We connect the items being compared
with words like as and than.

Examples:
a. Beverly likes flowers better than chocolates.

Try to answer this one:

b. Amanda prefers to be early rather than to be
late.

What are the parallel elements in the sentence?

Very good!

4. Use parallel structure with elements joined by a linking verb or a

verb of being. “to be early and to be late”

Examples:
a. To be a better person is to live an honest life.

Try to answer this one:

b. To be content is to be happy.

What are the parallel elements in the sentence?

What is the linking verb used to joined the parallel elements?

Very good!
5. Use parallel structure with elements joined by correlative
conjunctions either… neither… nor, both… and, and not only… but “To be content and to be happy”
(also).
“is”
Examples:
a. Jessica not only loves watching foreign movies,
but also animated films.
b. Either Jen will work on the new project or she
will lose her job.

Try to answer this one:

c. Mike loves both his job and his family.
d. Neither Mark nor Willy could stop Amanda from
crying.
What are the parallel elements in the following sentences?

What correlative conjunctions are being used?

Very good! c. his job and his family.

d. Mark and Willy
Do you understand?
c. both…and
d. Generalization d. neither…nor
Things look much better if they are arranged neatly and suitably.
The same thing goes with sentences. To make them more appealing
and understandable, words should be organized properly. This is the
reason for you to use parallel structure in your writing. “ Yes ma’am!”
So again what is parallel structure?

Parallel structure refers to the use of

e. Application grammatical elements or patterns
Mechanics: that have the same function and
1. You will be group into two. express similar and balanced ideas.
2. Choose one writer and reporter in each group.
3. Write atleast five sentences using parallel structures.
Group 1: Write a short poem in any topics using parallel structure.
Group 2: Have a simple conversation using parallel structure.

Rubrics in the presentation of outputs.

Rubrics 5 4 3 2 1
Cooperation All 1 student is 2 student is 3 student is 4 student is
students not not not not
cooperated cooperating cooperating cooperating cooperating

Accuracy All answers Has 1 Has 2 Has 3 Has 4

are correct wrong wrong wrong wrong
answer answer answer answer

V. Evaluation
Directions: Use parallel structures in constructing correct word or phrase to make the sentence
complete. Guide words are given before the number.
E.g. (correct) Romeo answered the test quickly, thoroughly and ______________?
Answer: correctly

(convince) 1. Politicians are good in motivating, captivating and _____________ people.

(die) 2. To love, to care, and ____________ for our country is nationalism.
(respect) 3. Filipinos are hospitable, responsible and _____________ people.
(wise) 4. We must vote honestly, correctly and _____________.
(educate) 5. Social media informs, instructs and _____________ people.

VI. Assignment
Directions: Read the following unfinished sentences, then complete the sentence with suitable word/s
to make the elements parallel in structure.

Example: Children love to eat, play, and _____________.

Possible Answer: dance
1. Josh likes swimming, camping, and ___________________________.
2. My best friends are my parents, my siblings and ______________________.
3. My cat likes not only to sleep, but also _________________________________.
4. Martha struggled to finish her education because she wanted to have a decent
job,________________, and to help her family.
5. English, Science, and_________________________, are my favorite subjects.

Prepared by:
_______________________