RS W446 PUMP OperationManual
RS W446 PUMP OperationManual
RS W446 PUMP OperationManual
Please read the operation manual before getting prepared for installation and use of drilling pump. The
manual will give you some the guidance on correct installation and use, which is beneficial to the use
and maintenance of the drilling pump.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
CONTENT
VII. Storage........................................................................................................................................... 10
BAFFLE PLATE.............................................................................................................................. 25
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
OVERALL DIMENSION
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
Cage API 4#
Key 22.174x15.9mm
Weight 4513 kg
W-446 triple-cylinder single-acting pump can be widely used in different operations in oilfield. The liner is
in 41/2"---6" in piston structure. It is thus applicable to workover operation and shallow welling drilling.
Power End
Frame is in steel plate welding structure and undergoing annealing treatment after welding, so as to
eliminate internal stress; reinforcement plate is used in crankshaft seat and main bearing seat with
excellent stiffness and high strength.
Crankshaft is installed with large gear ring, connecting rod and bearing etc. The inner bore of the
herringbone gear and the crankshaft are jointed together by interference fit and fastened by bolts and
locknuts. The large end of connecting rod is installed on three eccentric cranks of the crankshaft through
single-row short cylindrical roller bearing while the small end on the cross pin through double-row long
cylindrical roller bearing. Both ends of the crankshaft are equipped with double-row radial spherical roller
bearings with conical surface.
Pinion shaft is made of forging alloy steel. On the shaft there is herringbone gear whose tooth surfaces
are of medium hardness. To facilitate maintenance, single-row radial long cylindrical roller bearing
without flange within the ring is selected. There is shaft extension at both ends, where belt wheels may
be installed.
Crosshead is casted with nodular cast iron with excellent wearing resistance. The crosshead guides are
made of an upper and a bottom guide. Gaskets may be added under the crosshead guide to regulate the
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
concentricity. The extension rod is connected to the crosshead by flange with pin so as to ensure the
concentricity of the crosshead and the extension rod. Clamp is used to connect the extension rod and
piston rod. The clamp with light weight is able to make the connection between extension rod and piston
rod convenient and reliable.
Fluid end
Fluid cylinder is made of forged alloy steel. The straight-through cylinder is in small volume with high
volumetric efficiency. Chemical plating is made to the surface of the fluid cylinder to strengthen the
anti-corrosion performance.
Valve assembly is all in API4# valve. The suction valve, discharge valve and valve spring are in the
same type.
Liner and piston the specification range is 3 1/2", 4", 4 1/2", 5", 5 1/2" and 6". The dimension of piston
rod is in conformity with API 7K with standard code SA-2. The dimensions of the external diameter of
cylinder liner are identical. The gland of square cylinder liner and bolt are pressed on the surface of fluid
cylinder for fastening. Rectangular rubber gasket is used for sealing between the cylinder liner and fluid
cylinder.
Suction inlets are installed on both sides of the suction pipe of pump and connected with suction pipe
line. Suction flange is in 8″ flange. The seal ring here is in O-shaped 185X7 type (GB/T3452.1).
Exhaust outlet the exhaust pipe flange in the fluid end is in 3″ASME 900pound type and the seal groove
and ring dimension here is in R31 (API).
Lubrication system pressure lubrication is adopted. Gear oil pump is set in the oil tank. The pressure
oil can be distributed to crosshead, extension rod, crosshead guides and different bearings by mans of
lubricating pipeline, for the purpose of pressure lubrication and cooling. The working condition of gear oil
pump can be observed by pressure gauge at the back side of the frame.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
Table for relationship between cylinder diameter, displacement and pressure of W-446(500HP) pump at
220strokes/minute
Cylinder
3 1/2 4 41/2 5 5 1/2 6
Diameter(in)
Gal/Rev 0.75 0.979 1.239 1.529 1.849 2.200
Displacement
L/S 10.41 13.58 17.2 21.23 25.67 30.54
Psi 3000 3000 2797 2260 1869 1565
Pressure
MPa 21 21 19.3 15.6 12.9 10.8
1. Remove cylinder cover (1), take out cylinder-cover plug (15), sealing ring (16) of side cover of valve,
guide frame (17) of suction valve, valve spring and valve body assembly.
4. Turn transmission shaft of mud pump to move piston rod (26) to front dead point, and turn the
transmission shaft again to move piston rod to rear dead point, so as to disengage piston rod from
intermediate rod and to retain sufficient space between them for easily removing cylinder liner (21)
6. Knock by long copper rod the right end face of cylinder liner in fluid cylinder of fluid end to
disassemble cylinder liner from fluid cylinder, remove cylinder liner cover and take out cylinder liner,
piston and piston rod together.
7. Replace piston and cylinder liner, and replace damaged sealing ring.
1. Before install the required piston on piston rod, check piston rod and O-shape sealing ring (25) at
the end of piston, and apply grease. Make plat flat part of piston rod and tighten the locknut of piston
(23).
2. Install in advance the assembled piston rod and piston into cylinder liner (note: piston shall be
installed in the direction of piston bottom instead of reverse direction due to the size of piston lip
larger than inner diameter of cylinder liner).
3. Install cylinder liner as well as cylinder liner cover, cylinder liner, piston rod, piston assembly etc.
fluid cylinder, check sealing ring (20) of cylinder liner, and apply grease.
4. Turn transmission shaft, push the cylinder liner into hydraulic cylinder by intermediate rod and install
it in place (meanwhile knock by copper rod the cylinder liner from front of fluid cylinder), and tighten
6 nuts of cylinder liner cover.
5. In case of piston less than 5”, install in advance the cylinder liner, and then install the piston
mounted with piston from the front of hydraulic (it is recommended to knock by copper rod the head
of piston rod to move piston into cylinder liner, the same procedure is used if piston is replaced). In
case of piston more than 5”, piston is installed in frame in accordance with the above 4 procedures
and cylinder liner.
6. Turn the pump, connect clamp (29), and tighten clamp bolt (30)
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
7. Install in sequence valve assembly, valve spring, suction valve guide frame (17), sealing ring (16) of
side cover of valve, cylinder cover plug (15), and tighten cylinder cover (1).
In general, 3-4 hours may be cost for replacement of three cylinder liners of a mud pump.
Spray system W-446 pump shall be configured with spraying system when working, so as to cool and
lubricate cylinder liner and piston. W-446 has been configured with water tank and pipe at random. The
thread of the connection port of water tank is NPT11/2 while that of the spray pipe is NPT 3/4.
The cooling liquid shall be noticed to be supplied on cylinder liner and piston fully during the working time.
The interruption of cooling liquid will cause the damage of piston rubber parts and cylinder liner
immediately. The cooling liquid of cylinder liner is in water and water-based medium and anti-rust agent
is added in the cooling liquid.
Spray pump system must be started before and together with drilling pump, so as to avoid burning out
piston or cylinder liner. The spray pipe shall be inspected often, so as to ensure the sprayed liquid
directly flow to the piston.
Air exhausting capsule W-446 pump shall be configured with air exhausting capsule reasonably during
working. Air exhausting capsule is an effective auxiliary device which can make the power end of pump
in stable force and reduce the pulse of liquid from fluid end so as to make the pipeline liquid even,
reduce the inertia force and pressure fluctuation.
Safety valve the exhausting pipeline shall be configured with safety valve so as to avoid the abrupt
rising of pressure within the system and damaging pump and system pipeline caused by overload.
Pump foundation shall be installed horizontally with sufficient strength so as to support the dead weight
of pump and the force generated by operation. Pump shall be placed on the horizontal foundation so as
to prevent the frame in power end from possible torsion or obliqueness.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
Transmission device the transmission components between pump and power source shall be in careful
installation in either triangle belt or multi-row chain transmission, so as to guarantee transmission
reliability and avoid shutdown due to transmission faults.
Drilling pump has been totally assembled and made with load operation test before delivery. The
lubricating oil has been emitted from power end. The following operation and inspection shall be made
prior to operation.
Open the upper canopy of the new pump or the pump which has not been used for a long time before
adding lubricating oil; inspect whether there is agglutinative lubricating oil in the internal cavity of power
end, open the casing cap on both ends of the pump to discharge the stored oil and wash the internal
cavity of power end. The lubricating oil in certain brand and quantity shall be injected into the oil tank in
power end according to the requirements below; open the crosshead port lid at the same time. Use oil
gun to inject lubricating oil to the guides and jack it over for several rings, so as to guarantee the
immediate lubricating upon the pump is started.
Use gear lubricating oil in extreme pressure (EP), corrosion and foaming resistance according to the
regulations below:
Refueling quantity: up to the high oil level of oil scale, about 146L.
Inspect the oil surface again after the pump operates for 15 minutes. Inspect oil scale after pump is
stopped for five minutes to stabilize the oil. Since lubricating oil in certain quantity remains in crosshead
and the cavity of enclosure, it may decline the oil level. Certain lubricating oil shall be supplemented
based on the demand.
Inspect whether the cylinder liner, piston and valve in fluid end are assembled normally and whether the
exhaust pipeline valve of pump is open.
Fill mud or water in hydraulic cylinder before starting, so as to avoid cavitation. As for the pumps with
cavitation, cavitation can not be eliminated under the condition with pressure. Instead, open the valve
connecting to the pump to operate in “small circulation” and make the pump operate until air is totally
exhausted. In this way, the stable operation of drilling pump can be guaranteed and the working life of
the wearing parts can be extended.
Inspect whether the safety pressure set in safety valve matches with the pressure of cylinder liner. See
operation instructions of safety valve for details.
The spray pump system must be started before and together with drilling pump so as to avoid burning
out piston or cylinder liner. Fill liquid in the pump before starting centrifugal spray pump so as to avoid
cavitation.
It is better to improve speed of pump gradually since it allows the increase of flow velocity of the liquid
within the suction pipeline keeping up with the piston speed without any cavitation.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
Under natural suction, the maximum revolutions of pump are determined on whether the pump has
absorbed sufficient liquid in suction stroke. The limit number of revolutions is different under different
circumstances and determined based on the design of suction pipeline and effective pressure head or
the fluid (such as mud proportion, viscosity and the quantity of gas contained). The operators shall make
judgment on whether cavitation or poor suction occurs by the pump sound, so as to take measures
immediately.
Inspect different bearing parts of power end and whether the temperature of crosshead guides is too
high or with abnormal sound or phenomenon. In general, the temperature rise shall be not higher than
45℃.
4. Lubrication
It is important to fully lubricate the motion machinery parts since it directly affects the limit working life of
machinery parts. To achieve maximum trouble-free service life of power end of pump, conventional
maintenance and inspection shall be made, so as to guarantee that clean lubricating oil in proper
quantity flow to different motion parts.
Lubrication system for the power end of drilling pump is in pressure lubrication way. The gear oil tank set
in oil tank shall convey pressure oil to crosshead, extension rod, crosshead guides and different
bearings through lubrication pipeline, for the purpose of pressure lubrication. The working condition of
gear oil pump can be observed by pressure gauge at the back side of the frame.
When pump works, the oil level within the frame shall be maintained in the full level of oil scale every
time when inspection is made in each shift.
Sedimentation tanks are set on both ends at the head of crosshead of power end. The oil dirt in
splashing pool shall be precipitated and the oil exhaust covers of sedimentation tank are on both ends of
the frame in the lower part of the crosshead inspection door. Inspection shall be made once a month.
Open the sewage disposal cover on both sides and discharge the precipitated oil dirt from the
sedimentation tank. In this way, certain oil will be wasted and then lubricating oil in certain quantity shall
be added.
The new pump shall be changed with the entire lubricating oil in power end after operating for 300hours
accumulatively and inspected every six months. If there are grains or corrosive compounds, oil shall be
discharged thoroughly and oil tank shall be washed to inject new oil. The oil exhaust outlet is at the back
end of pump frame. Different oil grooves and oil cavity above the crosshead guides shall be thoroughly
cleared during the process. The condition of lubricating oil shall be regularly inspected. Oil needs
changing often due to the air humidity, moisture, dust and mud.
VI. Maintenance
1. Daily Maintenance
1) Inspect the oil level in power end by each shift when the pump is stopped.
2) Observe the working condition of cylinder liner and piston and no obvious eccentric wearing and
liquid leakage are allowed.
3) Inspect the cooling liquid of cylinder liner and piston and add it in case of insufficiency. The cooling
liquid shall be changed in case it becomes dirty since the dirty one will increase the wearing of
cooling pump and shorten the working life.
4) Inspect the spray pipe of cylinder liner every day so as to avoid blocking. Sufficient cooling and
lubricating liquid shall be fully supplied to cylinder liner and piston.
5) The drilling pump shall be inspected again to check the tightening torque of piston clamp after the
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
drilling pump is finished with installation and operates for several hours for the very first time.
6) Loose the clamp of piston rod each day, rotate piston in one fourth of circle and fasten the clamp. In
this way, the wearing surface of piston can be even so as to extend the working life of piston and
cylinder liner.
7) Inspect the pressure of air exhausting capsule once a day to guarantee its filling degree complies
with the regulation.
2. Weekly Maintenance
1) Unload the valve cover on fluid cylinder each week to thoroughly clear the slit and other dirty things
on screw thread of valve cover and flange screw thread of valve cover. Paint screw thread oil on the
cleaned screw thread to avoid wearing, bruising and seizure (lead screw thread oil is suggested).
2) Inspect the rubber guide sleeve on valve rod. If it is worn seriously, change it then. The guide sleeve
which is not round or in ellipse will lose the motion function of correct guide valve rod and accelerate
valve wearing.
3) Inspect the wearing of valve and valve base. Change the worn or washed valve base. Fasten the
valve nut once it becomes loose.
4) Inspect cylinder liner and piston and in case of serious wearing or washing, change it.
5) Change piston locknut if it is damaged or corroded or the lock screw nylon is unable to lock.
3. Monthly Maintenance
1) Discharge the dirty oil in the sedimentation tank (below the crosshead) in the oil groove in power
end every six months and wash the oil groove; inject new oil then.
2) Inspect the sealing gasket and sealing ring in power end, and change them once damaged. The
bolts shall be fastened if they are loose; in particular, the bolt to fix the belt pulley shall be noticed.
3) The clearance between guides and crosshead shall be inspected every six months and adjust when
it is too large.
4) The tightening of all the studs and nuts in fluid end including the studs and nuts between gland
flange and fluid cylinder, fluid cylinder and enclosure, cylinder liner base and fluid cylinder shall be
inspected.
4. Yearly Maintenance
The bearings of crankshaft, connecting rod, transmission axis and crosshead and crosshead guides
shall be inspected for every one or two years, so as to check whether they are loose. If so, the pump
shall be thoroughly inspected and correction measures shall be taken accordingly.
VII. Storage
Power End: if the stop time of pump is longer than one month. The fluid end shall be lifted and
cushioned to make the pump inclined to the power end. Afterwards, discharge the oil in oil tank and
sedimentation tank and wash it for long-term storage.
Fluid End: unload the valve, piston of fluid cylinder and cylinder liner of piston rod and clear the internal
fluid cylinder and all the parts thoroughly. Anti-rust oil shall be painted on the whole fluid cylinder valve
and parts. Clear the spray system of cylinder liner and cylinder liner room and inject some lubricating oil
in the spray system of cylinder liner to prevent from rusting.
Inspect the pump and rotate the gear once a month. Paint anti-rust oil again, if necessary.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
When the pump is started after being stored for certain period, all the pumps, no matter they are used on
site or the new ones from the factory, shall be thoroughly inspected to ensure there are no damaged
parts and all the parts have been assembled. Serious destruction accidents may be caused if the
following points are neglected.
1. Open the covers in power end and fluid end and inspect them thoroughly. Clear all the parts and
processing surfaces and inspect all the bearings so as to guarantee they are clean and in good
condition. Add lubricating oil in power end until it reaches the regulated oil level. Add oil in bearing
and make it flow to the inside of bearing.
2. All the parts in valve, piston, cylinder liner and fluid end shall be correctly installed and remain in
good status. The tighten bolts, double end bolts, pressing valve cover and cylinder cover shall be
fastened.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
The quantity in this table is the quantity needed for one set of fluid cylinder, and one pump needs three
times of quantity in this table.
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
CROSSHEAD ASSEMBLY
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
CRANKSHAFT ASSEMBLY
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
FRAME ASSEMBLY
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
BAFFLE PLATE
Frame
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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Operation Manual & List of Parts of W-446(500HP) Single-acting Pump
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