Manual 3554e - 00

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
3554
BATTERY HiTESTER
Contents i
Contents
1
Introduction ............................................................... 1
Verifying Package Contents...................................... 1
Safety Information ..................................................... 3 2
Operating Precautions .............................................. 7
3
Chapter 1 Overview 13
1.1 Measuring Battery Wear............................ 13 4
1.2 Product Overview ...................................... 15
1.3 Features .................................................... 16
5
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts .................. 18
1.5 Measurement Flowchart ............................ 22
1.6 External Dimensions ................................. 24 6
Chapter 2 Measurement Preparations 25 7
2.1 Attaching the Strap .................................... 25
2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries.......... 26 8
2.3 Connecting the Test Lead ......................... 28
2.4 Turning the Power On and Off .................. 30
2.5 Clock-setting.............................................. 31
9
2.5.1 Turning Date-and-time Display
On and Off...................................... 31 10
2.5.2 Setting the Clock ............................ 32
ç à¯
Chapter 3 Measurement 33
3.1 Pre-operation Inspection ........................... 35
3.2 Setting the Measurement Range............... 36
3.3 Zero-adjustment ........................................ 37
ii Contents
3.3.1 Shorting Methods for Various Test

Leads ............................................. 38
3.3.2 Implementing the Zero-adjust
Feature .......................................... 40
3.3.3 Canceling the Zero-adjust Operation
....................................................... 43
3.4 Holding the Display ................................... 44
3.4.1 Holding........................................... 44
3.4.2 Canceling a Hold ........................... 44
3.4.3 Holding Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO
Terminal......................................... 45
3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values
.................................................................. 46
3.6 Battery Measurement................................ 48
3.7 Temperature Measurement....................... 51
Chapter 4 Comparator Feature 53

4.1 Overview ................................................... 53
4.2 Turning On the Comparator ...................... 54
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values ... 55
4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer................. 61
4.5 Turning Off the Comparator ...................... 62
Chapter 5 Memory Feature 63

5.1 Overview ................................................... 63
5.2 Saving to Memory ..................................... 64
5.2.1 Saving Measured Values to Memory
....................................................... 64
5.2.2 Saving Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO
Terminal......................................... 66
5.3 Turning Off the Memory Feature............... 67
Contents iii
5.4 Reading Saved Data ................................. 68
5.5 Deleting Saved Data ................................. 69
5.5.1 Deleting a Single Data Set ............. 69 1
5.5.2 Deleting an Entire Unit (400 sets) .. 70
5.5.3 Deleting All Data (12 units/4800 sets)
....................................................... 71
2
Chapter 6 Other Features 73 3

6.1 Averaging Feature ..................................... 73
6.2 Auto-hold Feature...................................... 74 4
6.3 Auto-memory Feature ............................... 75
6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS) ............... 76 5
6.5 System Reset ............................................ 78
6.6 Battery Level Indicator............................... 80
6
Chapter 7 Connecting with a Computer 81
7.1 Overview ................................................... 82
7
7.1.1 Recommended Operating
Environment ................................... 83 8
7.1.2 Composition of CD ......................... 83
7.2 Installing the Software ............................... 84 9
7.2.1 Installation ...................................... 84
7.2.2 Uninstalling (removing) the
Application...................................... 88 10
7.3 Installing the USB Driver ........................... 89
7.3.1 For WindowsXP ............................. 91 ç à¯
7.3.2 For Windows2000 .......................... 94
7.3.3 For WindowsMe ............................. 97
7.3.4 For Windows98SE ....................... 100
7.4 Using the Software .................................. 103
iv Contents
7.4.1 Connecting the 3554 to a Computer

..................................................... 103
7.4.2 Starting the Software ................... 104
7.4.3 Clock-setting ................................ 105
7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of
Permissible Values ...................... 107
7.4.5 Editing Files of Permissible Values
..................................................... 110
7.4.6 Editing a Table of Permissible
Values on the 3554...................... 112
7.4.7 Transferring Tables of Permissible
Values.......................................... 115
7.4.8 Reading Data from the 3554's
Internal Memory........................... 117
7.4.9 Deleting Data From the 3554's
Internal Memory........................... 121
7.4.10 Closing the Application ............... 123
Chapter 8 Specifications 125

8.1 General Specifications ............................ 125
8.2 Accuracy ................................................. 132
8.3 Communications ..................................... 134
Chapter 9 Maintenance and Service 135

9.1 Troubleshooting ...................................... 135
9.2 Error Display ........................................... 138
9.3 Frequently Asked Questions ................... 139
9.3.1 Can Manganese Batteries be Used?
..................................................... 139
9.3.2 Can Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
be Used? ..................................... 139
Contents v
9.3.3 Setting Permissible Values .......... 140
9.4 Replacing the Fuse ................................. 141
9.5 Replacing the Test Lead Pin ................... 142
9.6 Cleaning .................................................. 143
9.7 Discarding the Instrument ....................... 144
Chapter 10 Appendix 145

10.1 Effects of Extending the Measurement Lead
and Induced Voltage ............................... 145
10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents ........................... 146
10.3 AC Four-terminal Method ........................ 147
10.4 Effects of Current Density ....................... 149
10.5 Synchronous Detection System .............. 151
10.6 Test Lead Options ................................... 153
10.6.1 Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH
TEMPERATURE SENSOR......... 153
10.6.2 Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL
SWITCH...................................... 153
10.6.3 Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE
LEAD........................................... 154
10.6.4 Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD...... 154
10.7 Calibration Procedure.............................. 155
10.7.1 Resistometer Calibration............. 155
10.7.2 Voltmeter Calibration................... 156
vi Contents
1
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the HIOKI “Model 3554 BATTERY 1
HiTESTER.” To obtain maximum performance from the instru-
ment, please read this manual first, and keep it handy for future
reference. 2
Registered Trademark
Windows and Excel are registered trademarks of Microsoft Cor- 3
poration in the United States and/or other countries.
4
Verifying Package Contents
5
• When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure 6
that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check
the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is
evident, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications,
contact your dealer or Hioki representative. 7
• When transporting the instrument, use the original packing
materials in which it was shipped, and pack in a double carton. 8
Damage occurring during transportation is not covered by war-
ranty.
9
10
索引
2
Verifying Package Contents
❏ Zero adjustment board (1) ❏ Instruction manual (1)

❏ Application software CD (1)
❏ Carrying case (1)
Do not remove the rear
case cover.
❏ Model 3554 (1)

❏ LR6 alkaline
batteries (8)
❏ Replacement fuse (1)
❏ USB cable (1)
❏ Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD (1)

❏ Strap (1)
Options
• Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERA-
TURE SENSOR
• Model 9465-90 TIP PIN
(for the 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD)
• Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH
• Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE LEAD
• Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD
• Model 9772-90 TIP PIN
(for the 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD)
3
Safety Information
1
This instrument is designed to comply with
IEC 61010 Safety Standards, and has been
thoroughly tested for safety prior to ship- 2
ment. However, mishandling during use
could result in injury or death, as well as
damage to the instrument. Be certain that 3
you understand the instructions and precau-
tions in the manual before use. We disclaim
any responsibility for accidents or injuries not 4
resulting directly from instrument defects.
5
Safety Symbols
6
This manual contains information and warnings essential for
safe operation of the instrument and for maintaining it in safe
operating condition. Before using it, be sure to carefully read the
following safety precautions.
7
8
In the manual, the symbol indicates particu-
larly important information that the user should
read before using the instrument. 9
The symbol printed on the instrument indi-
cates that the user should refer to a corresponding 10
topic in the manual (marked with the symbol)
before using the relevant function.
索引
Indicates DC (Direct Current).
Indicates a fuse.
Indicates a grounding terminal.

4
The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative impor-

tance of cautions and warnings.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents

an extreme hazard that could result in seri-
ous injury or death to the user.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents a

significant hazard that could result in serious
injury or death to the user.
Indicates that incorrect operation presents a

possibility of injury to the user or damage to
the instrument.
Indicates advisory items related to perfor-

mance or correct operation of the instru-
ment.
5
Notation of the This Manual
1
Indicates a prohibited action.
(⇒ P. ) Indicates the location of reference information.

2
Indicates quick references for operation and reme- 3

dies for troubleshooting.
* Indicates that descriptive information is provided 4

below.
Accuracy 6
We define measurement tolerances in terms of f.s. (full scale),
rdg. (reading) and dgt. (digit) values, with the following mean-
ings:
7
f.s. (maximum display value or scale length) 8
The maximum displayable value or scale length. This is usually
the name of the currently selected range.
rdg. (reading or displayed value) 9

The value currently being measured and indicated on the mea-
suring instrument. 10
dgt. (resolution)
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The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring instrument,
i.e., the input value that causes the digital display to show a "1"
as the least-significant digit.
6
Measurement Categories (Overvoltage Categories)
This instrument complies with CAT I safety requirements.

To ensure safe operation of measurement instruments, IEC
61010 establishes safety standards for various electrical envi-
ronments, categorized as CAT I to CAT IV, and called measure-
ment categories. These are defined as follows.
CAT I: Secondary electrical circuits connected to an AC
electrical outlet through a transformer or similar de-
vice.
CAT II: Primary electrical circuits in equipment connected
to an AC electrical outlet by a power cord (portable
tools, household appliances, etc.)
CAT III: Primary electrical circuits of heavy equipment (fixed
installations) connected directly to the distribution
panel, and feeders from the distribution panel to
outlets.
CAT IV: The circuit from the service drop to the service en-
trance, and to the power meter and primary over-
current protection device (distribution panel).
Higher-numbered categories correspond to electrical environ-

ments with greater momentary energy. So a measurement
device designed for CAT III environments can endure greater
momentary energy than a device designed for CAT II.
Using a measurement instrument in an environment designated
with a higher-numbered category than that for which the instru-
ment is rated could result in a severe accident, and must be
carefully avoided. Never use a CAT I measuring instrument in
CAT II, III, or IV environments.
The measurement categories comply with the Overvoltage Cate-
gories of the IEC60664 Standards.
7
Operating Precautions
1
Setting Up the Instrument
Operating temperature and humidity:

2
0 to 40°C (32 to 104°F), 80%RH or less (non-condensating)
Accuracy guarantee for temperature and humidity:

3
23 ± 5°C (73 ± 9°F), 80%RH or less (non-condensating)
4
Avoid the following locations that could cause an accident
or damage to the instrument.
5
Exposed to direct sunlight
Exposed to high temperature
6
Exposed to liquids
Exposed to high humidity or condensation 7
Exposed to high levels of particulate dust 8
In the presence of corrosive or explosive

9
gases
10
Exposed to strong electromagnetic fields
Near electromagnetic radiators 索引
Subject to vibration
8
Preliminary Checks
Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates
normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage
or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki
representative.
Before using the instrument, make sure that

the insulation on the test leads is undam-
aged and that no bare conductors are
improperly exposed. Using the instrument in
such conditions could cause an electric
shock, so contact your dealer or Hioki repre-
sentative for replacements. (Model 9465-10)
Handling the Instrument
To avoid electric shock, do not remove the

instrument's case. The internal components
of the instrument carry high voltages and
may become very hot during operation.
To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from

physical shock when transporting and handling.
Be especially careful to avoid physical shock from
dropping.
• To avoid corrosion from battery leakage and

problems with battery operation, remove the bat-
teries from the instrument if it is to be stored for a
long time.
• After use, turn OFF the power.
9
Measurement Precautions
1
Observe the following to avoid electric shock
and short circuits.
• Do not measure voltages of 60 V DC or 2
higher.
• Do not measure grounded voltages of more
than 70 V DC. 3
Maximum input voltage: Maximum rated voltage
60 V DC to earth: 70 V DC 4
6
• Do not measure alternating voltage.
• Be sure to connect the test leads properly. 7
Black Red 8
10
• Wear rubber gloves or gloves of similar
material during measurement.
• When measuring batteries, always ensure 索引
sufficient ventilation. Sometimes sparks
may occur when the test leads are con-
nected to batteries, which can ignite any
accumulated inflammable gases such as
hydrogen.
10
Handling the Test Leads
• For safety reasons, when taking measurements,

only use the 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD provided
with the instrument or the optional test leads.
• To avoid breaking the test leads, do not bend or

pull them.
• The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful

to avoid injury.
• To avoid damaging the test lead, grasp the con-

nector, not the cable, when unplugging the test
lead.
11
Handling the CD
• Always hold the disc by the edges, so as not to

1
make fingerprints on the disc or scratch the
printing. 2
• Never touch the recorded side of the disc. Do
not place the disc directly on anything hard.
• Do not wet the disc with volatile alcohol or water, 3
as there is a possibility of the label printing dis-
appearing.
• To write on the disc label surface, use a spirit- 4
based felt pen. Do not use a ball-point pen or
hard-tipped pen, because there is a danger of
scratching the surface and corrupting the data. 5
Do not use adhesive labels.
• Do not expose the disc directly to the sun's rays,
or keep it in conditions of high temperature or 6
humidity, as there is a danger of warping, with
consequent loss of data.
• To remove dirt, dust, or fingerprints from the 7
disc, wipe with a dry cloth, or use a CD cleaner.
Always wipe radially from the inside to the out-
side, and do no wipe with circular movements. 8
Never use abrasives or solvent cleaners.
• Hioki shall not be held liable for any problems
with a computer system that arises from the use 9
of this CD, or for any problem related to the pur-
chase of a Hioki product.
10
索引
12
1.1 Measuring Battery Wear 13
Overview Chapter 1
1
1.1 Measuring Battery Wear
Overview
2
For determining battery wear, first measure
internal resistance in a new or good battery. 3
The graph below shows the relation between storage capacity 4

and initial value of internal resistance in a lead-acid battery.
"CS," "HS," and "MSE" denote JIS (Japanese Industrial Stan-
dard) lead-acid battery types.
Internal resistance of an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid bat-
5
tery) can be read at approximately 1 mΩ (100 Ah) and approxi-
mately 0.13 mΩ (1000 Ah). Under conditions of battery wear,
internal resistance rises to 1.5 - 2 times its initial value (refer- 6
ence values).
7
[mΩ]
Internal resistance value
8
CS : clad stationary lead-
acid battery
HS : high-rate discharge
9
stationary lead-acid
battery (pasted type)
CS MSE: sealed stationary lead- 10
HS acid battery
MSE 索引
Lead-acid battery [Ah]

14 1.1 Measuring Battery Wear
• For an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid battery),

when internal resistance reaches approximately
1.5 times its initial value, a warning will be
issued. Wear (failure) values vary by manufac-
turer.
• Initial values of internal resistance may vary

among batteries with the same capacity, depend-
ing on battery type or manufacturer. Refer to the
graph on the previous page.
• Internal-resistance warnings and failures vary by

manufacturer.
Source: Lead-acid battery technician certification textbook,

Battery Association of Japan (BAJ)
1.2 Product Overview 15
1.2 Product Overview
The 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER is a measuring instrument for 1

judging battery wear by measuring internal resistance, voltage,
Overview
and terminal temperature* of lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-
hydrogen, lithium-ion, and other types of batteries. 2
* Temperature measurement requires the optional 9460 CLIP
TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR.
3
7
By connecting the instrument to a personal computer after mea-
surement, using the included USB cable, measurement data can 8
be loaded to the personal computer.
Measurement data
9
10
USB cable 索引
Threshold-value configuration
16 1.3 Features
1.3 Features
Enables measurement without shutting down UPS

systems
This instrument uses high-precision AC resistance measure-
ment technology. Since it is capable of live-wire measure-
ment without shutting down the UPS system, it makes it
possible to shorten the time required for measurement.
Reliable measurement values

Since it uses the four-terminal AC method to measure inter-
nal resistance, this instrument can obtain reliable measure-
ment values unaffected by lead or connector resistance.
Simultaneous display of resistance, voltage, and

temperature
Without changing functions, this instrument can display bat-
tery internal resistance, voltage, and terminal temperature
simultaneously. Temperature measurement requires the
optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE
SENSOR.
Comparator feature
Using this instrument's comparator feature makes it possible
to set threshold values for internal resistance and for voltage,
thus enabling even more reliable measurement of battery
wear.
Large memory capacity

Combining currently measured values (resistance, voltage,
temperature, and comparator measurement results) into a
set, this instrument can store up to 4,800 sets of data. It can
be used to measure up to 12 sets of 400-cell cubicles.
1.3 Features 17
1
Auto-memory feature
Overview
Enabling this function results in measurement data being
stored to the instrument's internal memory automatically, the
2
instant it is held. This increases operational efficiency.
3
PC interface
Measurement data can be loaded onto a personal computer.
4
Compact size
With a compact size with width and length approximately 5
equivalent to the dimensions of an A5-sized sheet of paper,
this instrument is highly portable. Designed to have a weight
of only about 790 grams, it can be used for measurement 6
over a long period of time without tiring the user.
Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD (optional)

7
Using the optional 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD ⎯ with a pin point
designed to fit in holes only five millimeters in diameter ⎯ 8
makes measurement possible without removing terminal
covers. Since the pin can be inserted diagonally in hard-to-
reach spots, it also makes measurement possible in virtually
any location. Furthermore, pin strength has been improved 9
from that of previous Hioki products.
10
A remote control switch for storing measurement
values
索引
Using the optional 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH
makes it possible to store and hold measurement values
through a simple press of a button. This is useful for cases
when both of the operator's hands are occupied.
18 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts
Front Panel SOURCE Terminal

Used for connecting the test
lead's banana plug to the source
SENSE Terminal
Used for connecting the test
Display lead's banana plug to the sense
(⇒ p.20)
Key Operations
Key Operations
Used for turning the power on or off.
Used for turning the comparator buzzer on or off.

Used for turning the comparator feature on or off and
configuring thresholds and other values.
Used for turning the auto-hold and auto-memory fea-
tures on or off.
Used for displaying the current date and time. Press
this key for at least two seconds to set the clock.
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts 19
Used for selecting configuration settings and chang-

ing their values. 1
Overview
Used for storing displayed values to memory.
2
Used for setting configuration values.
3
Used for holding or canceling the displayed values.
Used for recalling stored measurement values.

4
Used for deleting stored measurement values. 5
Used for implementing the zero-adjust feature.
Used for setting the number of measurements used 6
in averaging.
Press this key once to display the current setting.
Keep the key pressed to switch settings through the 7
cycle shown below.
OFF 4 8 16
8
Used for switching the resistance range.
Press this key once to display the current range. 9
Keep the key pressed to switch settings through the
cycle shown below.
10
3.000 mΩ 30.00 mΩ 300.0 mΩ 3.000 Ω
索引
Used for switching the voltage range.
Press this key once to display the current range.
Keep the key pressed to switch settings through the
cycle shown below.
6.000 V 60.00 V
20 1.4 Names and Functions of Parts
Display
Data No.
Resistance
measurement
value and unit
Voltage Temperature
measurement measurement
value and unit value and unit
Displayed when the zero-adjust feature is enable.

Displayed when the auto-hold feature is enable.
Displayed when the auto-memory feature is enable.
Displayed when the comparator button is turned on.
APS Displayed when the auto-power-save feature is enable.
Indicates the remaining battery power.
Displayed when the averaging feature is enable.
Displayed when showing or setting the date and time.
Displayed when measurement values have been held.
Displayed when the memory feature is turned on.
MEMO No. Ordinarily, it shows the next number to be stored.
READ No. Displayed when recalling data from memory.
COMP No. Displayed when setting the comparator.
Displayed when the memory number selected is already in
use.
SET Displayed when configuring the settings for various features.
LIMIT Displayed when setting comparator threshold values.
Displayed when the comparator feature is enable.
Displayed when the battery can be used.
Displayed when the battery is wearing out.
Displayed when the battery has worn out.
1.4 Names and Functions of Parts 21
Upper Panel
USB Terminal
Used for connecting the USB cable. 1
Overview
2
4
EXT.HOLD/MEMO Terminal TEMP.SENSOR Terminal
Used for the 9466 REMOTE Used for connecting the
CONTROL SWITCH. miniplug of the optional 9460 5
with temperature sensor.
6
Rear Panel
7
Fuse Cover Battery Cover
This is the cover for the This is the cover for the
internal fuse. batteries. 8
Tightening screw
9
10
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22 1.5 Measurement Flowchart
1.5 Measurement Flowchart
The measurement workflow is described below.
Measurement 1. Attaching the strap

Preparations (⇒ p.25) 2. Check the instrument's
remaining battery power
3. Connecting the test lead
4. Turning the power on
5. Setting clock
Setting Range 1. Setting the resistance range

(⇒ p.36) 2. Setting the voltage range
• When you want to stabilize

measurement values:
(⇒ p.73)
• When you want to set threshold
values by which to judge mea-
surement values:
(⇒ p.55)
• When you want to hold mea-
surement values:
(⇒ p.44)
• When you want to store mea-
surement values:
(⇒ p.75)
1.5 Measurement Flowchart 23
Zero-adjustment Implement the zero-adjust feature 1

(⇒ p.37) in accordance with the zero-
Overview
adjust method for the test lead
used. 2
3
When using the 9465-10
4
Starting Measurement 1. Connect the test lead to the
subject of measurement.
2. Read the measurement val- 5
ues.
3. Hold the measurement values.
4. Store the measurement val- 6
ues.
7
Ending Measurement 1. Disconnect the test lead and
turn off the power. 8
2. If you want to load the stored
measurement data to a per-
sonal computer, connect the 9
instrument to the computer
using the USB cable and
Measurement transfer the data. (This 10
data requires installation of data-
transfer software.)
(⇒ p.81) 索引
24 1.6 External Dimensions
1.6 External Dimensions

( 2.17" ± 0.04")
55 ± 1 mm
192 ± 1 mm (7.56" ± 0.04")

121 ± 1 mm (4.76" ± 0.04")
2.1 Attaching the Strap 25
Measurement
Preparations Chapter 2 1
2.1 Attaching the Strap 2
Measurement Preparations
By attaching the strap, the instrument can be used hung it from 3
the operator's neck. Attach the strap as described below.
4
Attach four ends of the Strap securely to the instru-
ment.
If insecurely attached, the instrument may fall and 5
be damaged or result in injury when carrying.
6
Attachments 1. Turn off the power to the
instrument and remove the
test lead.
7
2. Run the strap through the two 8

attachments on either side of
the instrument and fasten it in
Buckles place with the buckles. 9
3. Adjust the length of the strap. 10

The instrument can be
索引
placed in the portable case
even with the strap attached.
26 2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries
2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries
When using the instrument for the first time, insert eight AA
(LR6) alkaline batteries. Before attempting measurement, check
to make sure enough battery charge remains. When the battery
charge gets low, replace the batteries.
• To avoid electric shock, turn off the power

and disconnect the test lead before replac-
ing the batteries. After replacing the batter-
ies, replace the cover before using the
instrument.
• Do not mix old and new batteries, or differ-
ent types of batteries. Also, be careful to
observe battery polarity during installation.
Otherwise, poor performance or damage
from battery leakage could result.
• To avoid the possibility of explosion, do not
short circuit, disassemble or incinerate bat-
teries.
• Handle and dispose of batteries in accor-
dance with local regulations.
The indicator flashes when battery voltage

becomes low. Replace the new batteries soon.
2.2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries 27
1. Turn off the power to the instrument and remove 1

the test lead.
2. Open the battery compartment cover on the rear of 2

the instrument.
3
3. Insert eight batteries, taking care to use the proper
polarities.
4
4. Replace the battery compartment cover.
5
10
索引
28 2.3 Connecting the Test Lead
2.3 Connecting the Test Lead
To avoid electric shock, be sure to connect

the test leads properly.
• For safety reasons, when taking measurements,

only use the test lead provided with the instru-
ment.
• The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful
to avoid injury.
Connect the test lead to the instrument. Be sure to connect all

four terminals: SOURCE (+, -) and SENSE (+, -).
Black Red
When using the optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEM-
PERATURE SENSOR with temperature sensor, connect the
miniplug to the TEMP. SENSOR terminal. "Section 3.7 Temper-
ature Measurement" (⇒ p.51)
2.3 Connecting the Test Lead 29
External Dimensions of the 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD

1
1 13.5
Unit: mm
φ1.27
2
φ2.7
Conductive contact pin
(coaxial pin) 3
φ2.9
Grip Cable lock
Banana plug (red)
Probe (red) 4
Probe (black)
- + 5
Banana plug (black)
SOURCE SENSE
6
Connecting the Test Lead and Remote Control 7
Switch
The 9465-10 or the 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD (optional) and the 8
9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH (optional) can be combined
as shown below.
Connect the switch to the probe of the lead, and join the two 9
cables using the supplied spiral tube.
10
Spiral tubes (small) 索引
Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH
Spiral tubes (large)

30 2.4 Turning the Power On and Off
2.4 Turning the Power On and Off
Use key to turn the power on and off. Check the clock set-
tings when using the instrument for the first time.
Powering On
All screen elements

displayed
Press POWER key

to turn the power on.
Model and version

number
Measurement display
The indicator flashes when battery voltage
becomes low. Replace the new batteries soon.
Powering Off
All screen elements

turned off
Press POWER key
to turn the power off.
2.5 Clock-setting 31
2.5 Clock-setting
1
You can display the date and time by pressing key. Check
the clock settings when using the instrument for the first time.
2
2.5.1 Turning Date-and-time Display On and Off 3
Press key to switch date-and-time display on and off. 4
Date-and time display On Date-and time display off 5
Year 6
Month
7
Time
Date
8
(0:00, January 1, 2006)
• The time is displayed using a 24-hour clock.

9
• The instrument's calendar recognizes leap years
automatically.
10
索引
32 2.5 Clock-setting
2.5.2 Setting the Clock
1. Press key for two sec-

onds or longer.
This will display the clock-

setting screen.
(0:00, January 1, 2006)
2. Use / keys to
change the date and time
settings.
Use / keys to switch

between settings.
(12:00, March 15, 2006)
3. Press key to save the

date and time settings.
If you exit the clock-setting screen without press-

ing key, your settings will not be saved.
33
Measurement Chapter 3
1
To ensure safe measurement, be sure to read
this section prior to measuring.
2
Observe the following to avoid electric shock
and short circuits. 3
• Do not measure voltages of 60 V DC or
Measurement
higher.
• Do not measure grounded voltages of more 4
than 70 V DC.
Maximum input voltage:
60 V DC
Maximum rated voltage
to earth: 70 V DC
5
8
• Do not measure alternating voltage.
9
• Note that the instrument may be damaged if the
applied voltage or current exceeds the mea- 10
surement range.
• After measuring a high-voltage battery, before
continuing to measure a low-voltage battery first 索引
short the test leads together. This will discharge
the DC elimination capacitor which is connected
across the leads. Otherwise an excess voltage
may be applied to the low-voltage battery, witch
is may cause damage.
34
• Internal battery resistance varies considerably

depending on charge or discharge status. In
order to increase measurement precision, mea-
sure under similar conditions (e.g., full battery
charge).
• Lead-acid batteries (subjects of measurement)

have high levels of terminal resistance. For this
reason, resistance values may differ between the
case side and the tip of a terminal. Be sure to
connect the test lead to the terminals at a fixed
location. "Section 10.4 Effects of Current Den-
sity" (⇒ p.149)
• To measure battery temperature, use the

optional CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERA-
TURE SENSOR or, for safety purposes, a non-
contact thermometer such as a radiation ther-
mometer.
• Measurement may be impossible for insulated

terminals, due to an insufficient flow of current for
measurement. In such a case, clean the terminal
(removing the insulation) before measurement.
3.1 Pre-operation Inspection 35
3.1 Pre-operation Inspection

1
Subject of inspection Method of checking
Is the fuse worn out? Touch the test lead to the zero-adjust 2
board. If the resistance display still
Is the test lead discon- shows a value of "- - . - -" the fuse
nected? might be worn out or the test lead dis- 3
connected.
Measurement
4
7
Is sufficient power The icon in the upper right-hand
remaining in the bat- area of the screen indicates the current
tery? battery status. If the following 8
icon is displayed, the batteries are
almost empty: Replace the batteries.
9
Inspecting batteries Measurement may be impossible for
insulated terminals, due to an insuffi-
cient flow of current for measurement. 10
In such a case, clean the terminal
(removing the insulation) before mea-
surement. 索引
36 3.2 Setting the Measurement Range
3.2 Setting the Measurement Range

Set resistance and voltage measurement ranges as described
below.
Resistance Range 3 mΩ / 30 mΩ / 300 mΩ / 3 Ω
Voltage Range 6 V / 60 V
Temperature Range (Single range) Since temperature measurement
uses a signal range, range setting is unnecessary.
Resistance Measurement Range

Press key to display the current settings. Press the key
repeatedly to select the desired range.
3.000 mΩ 30.00 mΩ
3.000 Ω 300.0 mΩ
After approximately one second passes with no settings made, the settings
displayed will be entered and the instrument will return to the measure-
ment screen.
Voltage Measurement Range

Press key to display the current settings. Press the key
repeatedly to select the desired range.
6.000 V 60.00 V
After approximately one second passes with no settings made, the settings
displayed will be entered and the instrument will return to the measure-
ment screen.
3.3 Zero-adjustment 37
3.3 Zero-adjustment
Using the zero-adjust feature makes more reliable measure- 1

ments possible by adjusting the resistance-range and voltage-
range zero values of the instrument. Using the zero-adjust fea-
ture is recommended prior to measurement. The zero-adjust 2
feature sets the current measurement value (adjusted value) at
0 and displays subsequent measurement results.
3
To prevent short circuits, do not place the
Measurement
zero-adjust board on top of the battery. 4
• The zero-adjust feature takes approximately four 5
seconds.
• Using the zero-adjust feature adjusts the zero

points of all ranges. 6
• Even after turning off the power to the instru-
ment, the adjusted values will remain and the 7
zero-adjust feature will not be cancelled.
• After replacing the test lead, be sure to use the 8

zero-adjust feature prior to measurement.
• Be sure to use the included zero-adjust board for 9

the zero-adjust feature.
• Be sure to keep the test lead shorted during use 10

of the zero-adjust feature. Keep the tip of the test
lead away from the metal components.
索引
38 3.3 Zero-adjustment
3.3.1 Shorting Methods for Various Test Leads
Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD
Short the test leads using the four-terminal AC method, with the
included zero-adjust board. As shown in the illustration below,
select a hole suited to the distance between terminals on the
battery subject to measurement. Press it in a way symmetrical to
the central screw on the zero-adjust board. Keep the zero-adjust
board at least 10 centimeters away from the instrument.
SOURCE
Zero adjustment board SENSE
• Be sure to use the included zero-adjust board for

the zero-adjust feature. Also, be sure to connect
each of the SOURCE and SENSE terminals by
inserting the tip of the pin into the holes on the
zero-adjust board as shown in the illustration.
• Do not place the zero-adjust board on top of the
battery or any pieces of metal. Electromagnetic
induction effects could result in unstable measure-
ment values. In such a case, separate the zero-
adjust board from any metal components.
• Conducting zero adjustment by connecting the
tips of pin-type leads or using a metal sheet other
than the included zero-adjust board will result in
inaccurate adjustment.
• When the distance between the terminals on the
battery subject to measurement is greater than
the distance between the holes on the zero-
adjust board, use the holes in the corners for the
zero-adjust feature.
Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERA-

TURE SENSOR 1
SOURCE
2
Model 9460 3
Measurement
SENSE 4
5
Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE LEAD
SOURCE 6
7
Model 9467
SENSE 8
9
Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD
10
索引
Insert the marked

(engraved) side into
the hole
Zero adjustment board
3.3.2 Implementing the Zero-adjust Feature

1. Check to ensure that the test leads are connected prop-
erly.
If a lead is connected to the subject of measurement, dis-
connect it.
2. Press key for at least two seconds.
This will cause the instrument to wait for adjusted values.
Test Lead (black) (red)
1
Press this key for at

least two seconds
2
3. While the display is blinking (for approximately 10 sec-

onds), short the test leads using the zero-adjust board.
Model 9465-10
If the test leads are not shorted while the display is blink-
ing, an error will result.
The zero-adjust function will begin even if a key is

pressed after the test lead has been shorted.
4. Begin automatic obtaining of adjusted values.
3
(3 mΩ range) (30 mΩ range)
Measurement
4
(3 Ω range, voltage range) (300 mΩ range)

7
Keep the test leads shorted until the zero-adjust opera-
tion is complete. 8
5. When the zero-adjust operation is complete, the 9
icon will be displayed and the instrument will return to the
measurement state:
10
索引
When the screen displays the message

"Err":
An error results when the zero-adjusted values can-
not be obtained correctly. This error could result from
any of the following causes:
• The adjusted values obtained exceed the 300

count, for either resistance or voltage values.
→Ensure the test lead is connected to the instru-
ment properly.
→The test lead may be broken. Try using a new
test lead.
→Try cleaning the zero-adjust board.
• Approximately 10 seconds have passed with the
instrument awaiting adjusted values.
(i.e., displaying: "- - - -")
→Try the zero-adjust operation again.
3.3.3 Canceling the Zero-adjust Operation
Pressing the key for at least two seconds while the zero- 1
adjust feature is active will cancel the zero-adjust operation:
2
Press this key for
at least two sec-
onds
3
Measurement
4
Canceling the zero-adjust
5
10
索引
44 3.4 Holding the Display
3.4 Holding the Display
3.4.1 Holding
Holding the measurement values displayed on screen
Press key. The icons will be displayed, and the
measurement values will be held:
Holding cannot be conduct-

ed when the following val-
ues are displayed: "- - - -"
3.4.2 Canceling a Hold

Press key again to cancel the hold.
Holding Canceling a hold
• Holding cannot be conducted when the following

values are displayed: "- - - -"
• Changing configuration conditions will cancel the
hold.
• Turning off the power will cancel the hold.
3.4 Holding the Display 45
3.4.3 Holding Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO Ter-

minal
1
The EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal can be used for the same pur-
poses as key. This requires the optional 9466 REMOTE
CONTROL SWITCH.
2
1. Disconnect the test lead from the battery subject to 3

measurement.
Measurement
2. Insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE CON- 4
TROL SWITCH into the EXT.HOLD/MEMO termi-
nal. 5
3. Press the PRESS button on the 9466 to hold the
measurement values. 6
4. To cancel the hold, press the PRESS button on the 7

9466 switch or press key on the instrument.
8
• Holding cannot be conducted when the following
values are displayed: "- - - -"
9
• Be sure not to insert or remove the miniplug
while the test lead is connected to the battery
subject to measurement. Connect the handy 10
switch only after disconnecting the test lead from
the battery.
索引
• Do not insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE
CONTROL SWITCH into the TEMP.SENSOR
terminal.
46 3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values
3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judg-

ment Values
For determining battery wear, first measure internal resis-

tance in a new or good battery, and then set values for judg-
ing battery wear.
Ex.: When values measured for a new battery are 0.428 mΩ and
2.008 V, set the internal resistance caution value at 0.6 mΩ (1.5 times
the initial value) and the internal resistance warning value at 0.8 mΩ
(2 times the initial value) and set the voltage caution value at 1.8 V
(90% of the initial value).
1. Referring to "Section 3.1 Pre-operation Inspection" (⇒

p.35), configure the range and conduct the zero-adjust
operation.
2. Connect the test lead to a new or good battery.
Ensure all pins

Red Black are connected
+ - to the battery.
3. Read the measurement values.
Internal resis-
tance of
Voltage between this battery
the terminals (0.428 mΩ)
(2.008 V)
3.5 Determining Battery-wear Judgment Values 47
4. Hold the measurement values by pressing key or

the PRESS button on the remote control switch. 1
2
OR
3
Measurement
4
5. Use these measurement values to determine battery
wear judgment values. 5
As a battery wears out, in general its internal resistance
will grow to approximately 1.5 - 2 times (reference val-
ues) that of a new or good battery. Note that this varies 6
by manufacturer and model of battery. (⇒ p.13)
In this example, the internal resistance caution value (up-
per limit no. 1) has been set at 0.6 mΩ and the internal re-
sistance warning value (upper limit no. 2) at 0.8 mΩ, and 7
the voltage caution value (lower limit) has been set at 1.8 V.
8
Stabilizing (⇒ p.73)
measurement values
Storing measurement Measurement values can be 9
values stored by pressing key
while the values are being 10
held.(⇒ p.44)
Loading stored data to (⇒ p.103)
a personal computer 索引
Configuring threshold Based on these wear judg-

values and judging bat- ment values, threshold values
tery wear can be configured for judging
battery wear.(⇒ p.13)
48 3.6 Battery Measurement
3.6 Battery Measurement
For determining battery wear, first measure internal resis-

tance in a new or good battery, and then set values for judg-
ing battery wear. (⇒ p.46)
In this example, where values measured for a new battery were
0.428 mΩ and 2.008 V, the internal resistance caution value has
been set at 0.6 mΩ (1.5 times the initial value) and the internal resis-
tance warning value at 0.8 mΩ (2 times the initial value), and the
voltage caution value has been set at 1.8 V (90% of the initial value).
1. Referring to "Section 3.1 Pre-operation Inspection" (⇒

p.35), configure the range and conduct the zero-adjust
operation.
2. Connect the test lead to the battery.
Ensure all pins

Red Black are connected
+ - to the battery.
3. Read the measurement values.
Internal resis-
tance of
this battery
(0.722 mΩ)
Voltage
(1.864 V)
3.6 Battery Measurement 49
4. Hold the measurement values by pressing key or

the PRESS button on the remote control switch. 1
OR 3
Measurement
4
5. Use the measurement values to judge battery wear.
5
<Ex.>
Voltage
6
Initial value PASS 7

(2.008 V) Wear
FAIL
Current
value
8
Measurement
(1.864 V) WARNING value
9
Initial value Current value
(0.428 mΩ) (0.722 mΩ)
10
Resistance
索引
As shown above, this battery needs to be replaced.
50 3.6 Battery Measurement
Stabilizing (⇒ p.73)
measurement values
Storing measurement Measurement values can be
values stored by pressing key
while the values are being
held.(⇒ p.44)
Loading stored data to (⇒ p.103)
a personal computer
Configuring threshold Based on these wear judg-
values and judging bat- ment values, threshold values
tery wear can be configured for judging
battery wear.(⇒ p.13)
• A measurement value display of "OF" indicates
that the resistance or voltage values displayed
exceed the relevant measurement range.
• If the voltage input is "OF," a buzzer will sound.
• A resistance value display of "- - - -" indicates
that the test lead is open or measurement cannot
be conducted due to an electrical current irregu-
larity caused by a disconnected test lead or other
reasons. "- - - -" will also be displayed when the
test lead is not correctly connected to the subject
of measurement or the subject's resistance is
substantially greater than the measurement
range.
• When measuring resistance of a relay or a con-
nector, note the maximum open circuit voltage of
this instrument (approximately 5 V). There is a
possibility that such measurement could damage
the connectors or oxidized coating of the subject
of measurement, leading to incorrect measure-
ment.
Ending the Measurement

Remove the test lead from the battery and turn off
the power to the instrument by pressing but-
ton.
3.7 Temperature Measurement 51
3.7 Temperature Measurement
Use the optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERA- 1

TURE SENSOR with temperature sensor to measure battery
temperature.
Connect the red connector of the clip-type lead with temperature 2
sensor to the SENSE terminal, the black connector to the
SOURCE terminal, and the miniplug to the TEMP. SENSOR ter-
minal. The instrument will detect the temperature sensor and 3
display the measured temperature automatically.
Measurement
• For safety reasons, when taking measurements, 4
only use the optional 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD
WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR with the 5
instrument.
• The sensor used in the temperature probe is a
thin, precision platinum film. Be aware that 6
excessive voltage pulses or static discharges
can destroy the film.
• Avoid subjecting the temperature probe tip to 7
physical shock, and avoid sharp bends in the
leads. These may damage the probe or break a 8
wire.
9
Model 9460
Miniplug Black Red
10
索引
Temperature displayed
52 3.7 Temperature Measurement
Changing the Unit of Temperature (°C ⇔ °F)
1. Press key to turn the power off.
2. While holding , ,
and key down,
press key.
3. Press key for three

seconds or longer.
Setting changes
4. This will restart the instrument.
4.1 Overview 53
Comparator
Feature Chapter 4 1
4.1 Overview 2
The comparator feature can be used to determine in which of the 3

following ranges measurements fall, by comparing them with
preset permissible values and battery measured values: pass,
warning, or fail. Up to 200 comparator conditions can be set. 4
Refer to "Section 1.1 Measuring Battery Wear" (⇒ p.13) for how
to determine permissible values.
Comparator Feature
Under the initial configuration, when a measurement falls in the
warning or fail range, a buzzer will sound. 5
For more information, refer to "Section 4.4 Setting the Compar-
ator Buzzer" (⇒ p.61).
Permissible values include the following: resistance upper limit 6
no. 1 (caution), resistance upper limit no. 2 (warning), and the
voltage lower limit (caution).
7
Voltage
Measurement value
Initial PASS 8
value
Voltage
lower limit
FAIL 9
WARNING
10
Initial Resistance Resistance Resistance
value upper limit upper limit 索引
no. 1 no. 2
54 4.2 Turning On the Comparator
4.2 Turning On the Comparator
1. Press key.
The comparator no. will flash.
Press key again to return
to ordinary settings.
2. Press / keys to
select the comparator no.
In this example, comparator
Press / keys to select no. 3 has been selected
digits. (available range: 0 - 200)

settings.
The message "On" will ap-

pear on the screen, indicating
that the comparator feature
has been turned on.
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values 55
4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible

Values
1
Set the comparator permissible values (resistance upper limit
no. 1, resistance upper limit no. 2, and the voltage lower limit). 2
<Example>
Permissible values for a battery with initial values (i.e., resis- 3
tance and voltage values when new or in good condition) of
0.4 Ω and 2 V:
Resistance upper limit no.1: 0.6 Ω (1.5 times initial value) 4
Resistance upper limit no.2: 0.8 Ω (2 times initial value)
Comparator Feature
Voltage lower limit: 1.8 V
5
Select the Comparator No.
6
1. Press key for two sec-
7
onds or longer.
The comparator no. will flash.
Press key again to return 8
to ordinary settings.
2. Press / keys to 9
select the comparator no. In this example, comparator
Press / keys to select no. 3 has been selected
digits. (available range: 0 - 200) 10
3. Press this key to complete the setting of comparator nos. 索引

and return to the range-setting screen.
56 4.3 Setting Comparator Permissible Values
Setting Range
1. Press key to select

resistance range.
Press key to select
voltage range.
(The position of the decimal
point will move.)

settings.
Resistance upper limit no. 1

is flashing, and icon
is displayed.
Setting Resistance Permissible Values
1
1. Press / keys to set
the values of resistance 2
upper limit no. 1.
Press / keys to select 3

digits.
4
In this example, 0.600 Ω has
Comparator Feature
been selected
5
settings.
6
Resistance upper limit no. 2
and icon is flashing.
7
the values of resistance In this example, 0.800 Ω has 8
upper limit no. 2. been selected
Press / keys to select 9

digits.
10
4. Press key to save the settings.
Voltage lower limit and icon is flashing. 索引

Setting Voltage Lower Limit

the values of voltage lower
limit.
Press / keys to select

digits.
In this example, 1.800 V has

been selected

settings.
This will return the display to

the measurement screen,
with the comparator feature
on.
At this point, configuration
settings are saved.
Voltage values are judged using absolute values.

For this reason, judgment can be made even when
the polarity of the test lead is reversed. (Data is
also saved using absolute values.)
Measured Value: PASS

Voltage
Measurement value
Initial PASS
1
value
Voltage
lower limit
FAIL 2
WARNING
3
upper limit upper limit
value
no. 1 no. 2 4
Measured Value: WARNING
Comparator Feature
Voltage 5
Initial PASS
value Measurement value
6
Voltage FAIL
lower limit
WARNING
7
Resistance Resistance Resistance

8
Initial
value upper limit upper limit
no. 1 no. 2
Measured Value: FAIL 9
Voltage
Initial
10
PASS
value
Voltage FAIL 索引
lower limit
Measurement value
WARNING

value upper limit upper limit
no. 1 no. 2
Comparator Comparison Table
Judgment is conducted using the display and the buzzer, as

shown in the following table:
Resistance upper Resistance upper
limit no. 1 limit no. 2

(low) (medium) (high)
Voltage Voltage (high) PASS WARN FAIL

lower limit
Voltage (low) WARN WARN FAIL
Boundary conditions are shown below:

Resistance Resistance Resistance Resistance Resistance
PASS ≤ upper limit < WARN ≤ upper limit < FAIL
no. 1 no. 2
Voltage WARN < Voltage ≤ Voltage PASS

lower limit
Examples of how to read the comparator output table

<Ex. 1> When the measured resistance value does not
exceed resistance upper limit no. 1 and the mea-
sured voltage value is greater than the voltage
lower limit, "Pass" will be displayed.
<Ex. 2> When the measured resistance value exceeds the
resistance upper limit no. 1 and does not exceed
the resistance upper limit no. 2, and the measured
voltage value is greater than the voltage lower
limit, "Warning" will be displayed and a buzzer
sounded.
When the resistance upper limit no. 1 and no. 2
are set at the same value, the boundary conditions
will be as shown below:
Resistance Resistance
Resistance ≤ upper limit = upper limit < Resistance
PASS no. 1 no. 2 FAIL
4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer 61
4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer
When using the comparator feature, the buzzer can be set to 1

sound in accordance with judgment results. The following condi-
tions can be set. The initial configuration is "warn/fail (on)."
2
OFF No buzzer sounds regardless of the results of
judgment. 3
PASS (ON) The buzzer sounds when the results of judg-
ment are "pass."
4
WARN/FAIL The buzzer sounds when the results of judg-
Comparator Feature
(ON) ment are "warning" or "fail."
5
The sound emitted when pressing the keys cannot
be changed. 6
When you press key, the current comparator buzzer set-
tings will be displayed. Keep the button pressed to switch
7
between settings.
8
OFF PASS
WARN / FAIL 9
10
After approximately one second passes with no settings made, 索引

the settings displayed will be entered and the instrument will
return to the measurement screen.
62 4.5 Turning Off the Comparator
4.5 Turning Off the Comparator
Pressing key when the comparator feature is on will turn

off the comparator feature.
Comparator feature is on Comparator feature is off
• The range keys cannot be used while the com-

parator is turned on.
• If there are no measured values, "- - - -" will be

displayed and comparator judgment cannot be
conducted.
• Even when the power has been turned off, the

comparator feature settings will be saved and the
comparator feature will still be on the next time
the power has been turned on.
5.1 Overview 63
Memory Feature Chapter 5

1
5.1 Overview
2
Up to 4,800 sets of currently measured values (date and time,
resistance, voltage, temperature, comparator permissible val-
ues, results of judgment) can be saved. After measurement, 3
saved data can be displayed or transferred to a personal com-
puter.
The following table shows the structure of the internal memory: 4
Memory Structure
5
Unit (12 units) Memory no. (400 cells)
Memory Feature
A 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400 6
b 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
C 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400

7
d 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
8
E 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
F 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400 9

G 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
10
H 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
J 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400 索引

L 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
n 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400
P 1 2 3 ..... 398 399 400

64 5.2 Saving to Memory
5.2 Saving to Memory
Pressing key will save the currently measured values.

Convenient feature: Auto-memory Feature (⇒ p.75)
5.2.1 Saving Measured Values to Memory
1. Press key.
The memory feature will turn

on.
2. If you want to save the data

under a different number
than the memory no. dis-
played, use the
keys to change the value.
After approximately one sec-

ond passes with no settings In this example, C.003 has
made, the settings displayed been selected
will be entered and the instru-
ment will return to the mea-
surement screen.
The settings can also be fi-
nalized by pressing key.
This operation can be used at
any time while the memory
feature is in effect.
5.2 Saving to Memory 65
3. Use key to hold mea-

1
sured values.
2
When "- -.- -" is displayed,
values cannot be held.
3
4. Use key to save mea- 4

sured values.
Measured values will be 5

saved to the memory no. se-
Memory Feature
lected.
6
7
5. When saving is complete,
the next memory no. for sav-
ing data will be displayed. 8
The hold will be released.
9
10
The last data saved can be deleted by holding 索引

key down for two seconds or longer.
These values can be deleted only immediately after
saving them. Using the keys to change settings or
other operations will disable this feature.
66 5.2 Saving to Memory
5.2.2 Saving Using the EXT.HOLD/MEMO

Terminal
The EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal can be used for the same pur-
poses as key. This requires the optional 9466 REMOTE
CONTROL SWITCH.
To avoid damage to the instrument, do not enter

voltage to the EXT.HOLD/MEMO terminal.
1. Disconnect the test lead from the battery subject to

measurement.
2. Insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE CON-

TROL SWITCH into the EXT.HOLD/MEMO termi-
nal.
3. When pressing the PRESS button on the 9466

REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH, the measured val-
ues will be held. When pressing the button again,
the data will be saved to the selected memory no.
4. The hold feature will be turned off.
• Be sure not to insert or remove the miniplug

while the test lead is connected to the battery
subject to measurement. Connect the handy
switch only after disconnecting the test lead from
the battery.
• Do not insert the miniplug of the 9466 REMOTE

CONTROL SWITCH into the TEMP.SENSOR
terminal.
5.3 Turning Off the Memory Feature 67
5.3 Turning Off the Memory Feature

1
To turn off the memory feature when it is on, hold key down
for two seconds or longer.
"OFF" will be displayed, and the screen will return to the normal 2
mode.
Memory feature is on Memory feature is off 3

Press this key
for at least
two seconds
4
Memory Feature
6
Normal mode 7
10
索引
68 5.4 Reading Saved Data
5.4 Reading Saved Data

Saved measured values can be read and displayed.
1. Press key.
This will display the reading

screen.
2. Press / keys to
select the memory no.
Press / keys to select In this example, C.003 has
digits. been selected
The measurement values for the selected memory no. will

be displayed.
• Press key to check the date and time of

saving (which will be displayed while the key is
depressed).
• The comparator results for the data being read
will also be displayed.
• Numbers to which no data is saved cannot be
selected.
• If no data has been saved, "- - - -" will be dis-
played in the space for the memory no. and the
display will return to the measurement screen.
• For data measured using the optional 9460 CLIP

TYPE LEAD WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR
with temperature sensor, the temperature will
also be displayed.
5.5 Deleting Saved Data 69
5.5 Deleting Saved Data
Saved measured values can be deleted as described below. 1
5.5.1 Deleting a Single Data Set

2
3
1. Press key.
This will display the reading 4

screen.
2. 5
Press / keys to
Memory Feature
6
Press / keys to select In this example, unit C has
digits. been selected
(The measured values saved
under C.003 will be dis- 7
played.)
3. Press key. 8
If there is no activity for
approximately three sec- 9
onds, the reading screen will
be displayed.
10
Memory no. flashes 索引
Data stored to the selected memory no. will be deleted.

70 5.5 Deleting Saved Data
5.5.2 Deleting an Entire Unit (400 sets)
1. Press key.
This will display the reading

screen.
2. Press / keys to
In this example, unit C has

been selected.
3. Press key two times.

approximately three sec-
onds, the reading screen will
be displayed.
Unit name is flashing

In this example, unit C has
been selected.
All data saved to the selected unit (400 sets) will be delet-
ed.
5.5 Deleting Saved Data 71
5.5.3 Deleting All Data (12 units/4800 sets)
1
1. Press key.
This will display the reading 2

screen.
2. Press key three 5

times.
Memory Feature
6
approximately three sec-
onds, the reading screen will 7
be displayed.
"-.- - -" is flashing
This display indicates that all 8
units have been selected.
3. Press key to save the settings. 9

All data (12 units/4800 sets) will be deleted.
10
索引
72 5.5 Deleting Saved Data
6.1 Averaging Feature 73
Other Features Chapter 6

1
6.1 Averaging Feature
2
When measured values are unstable, they can be stabilized
using averaging. The number of times averaging is conducted
can be selected from four, eight, or 16 times. When using the 3
averaging feature, icon is displayed on the screen. This
feature is turned off under initial settings and after resetting the
system. 4
Press key to display the current number of times used
for averaging. Keep this key depressed to switch the number of
times set.
5
6
OFF 4
Other Features
16 8
7
8
After approximately one second passes with no settings made,
the settings displayed will be entered and the instrument will 9
return to the measurement screen.
• The averaging feature is conducted for resis- 10

tance values.
• The averaging feature can be used to change the
rate of updating display of measured values. 索引
• When not using the averaging feature, select
"OFF."
74 6.2 Auto-hold Feature
6.2 Auto-hold Feature
This feature can be used to recognize automatically the stability

of measured values and to hold measured values.
Configuring the Auto-hold Feature

Press several times key to display the icon.
Auto-hold Auto-
memory
Auto-hold &
OFF
Auto-memory
Releasing the Hold

Release the hold by pressing key or the PRESS button on
the 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH.
• When "- - - -" is displayed, the auto-hold feature

cannot be used.
• The auto-hold function can be used when "OF" is
displayed on-screen.
• When using the auto-memory feature together
with this feature, measured values can be saved
automatically after holding them.
In order to judge whether the "OF" display has
resulted from mistaken range settings, using the
comparator as well, or setting the comparator
buzzer to "WARN/FAIL," is recommended.
"Section 4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer" (⇒
p.61)
Releasing the Auto-hold Feature

Press several times key to turn off the icon.
6.3 Auto-memory Feature 75
6.3 Auto-memory Feature
This feature saves measured values to memory automatically, 1

immediately after the values have been held.
Configuring the Auto-memory Feature 2

Press several times key to display the icon. At this
point, the memory feature is in effect. 3
Auto-hold Auto-
memory
4
Auto-hold &
OFF
Auto-memory 5
Other Features
Use the keys to select the memory no. to which the
data will be saved. When data has already been saved to the
7
memory no. selected, the icon will be displayed.
When using the auto-memory feature together

8
with this feature, measured values can be saved
automatically after holding them.
In order to judge whether the "OF" display has 9
resulted from mistaken range settings, using the
comparator as well, or setting the comparator
buzzer to "WARN/FAIL," is recommended. 10
"Section 4.4 Setting the Comparator Buzzer" (⇒
p.61)
索引
Releasing the Auto-memory
Press several times key to turn off the icon.
76 6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS)
6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS)
The auto-power-save feature can be used to control the instru-

ment's power consumption. When any of the following condi-
tions has continued for approximately ten seconds with no keys
pressed, power to the instrument will be turned off automatically.
• When the resistance value displayed is "- - - -"

• Hold (measurement stopped)
• Conditions other than measurement conditions (each configu-
ration screen, data reading screen)
• Conditions following completion of communication
"APS" will begin to flash one minute before the power turns off.
• This feature is turned on under initial configura-

tion conditions. When the auto-power-save fea-
ture is unnecessary, such as when using the
instrument continuously, turn this feature off.
• When the auto-power-save screen has been dis-

played unintentionally, turn the power on again.
The instrument's settings will be restored
unchanged.
6.4 Auto-power-save Feature (APS) 77
Turning the Auto-power-save Feature On and Off

1
1. Press key to turn the power off. 2
2. While holding key 3
down, press key.
4
This will display the auto-
power-save configuration
screen. 5
On is flashing
3. 6
Using keys,
Other Features
select "OFF." 7
To turn the auto-power-save
feature on, select "On." 8
OFF is selected 9
10
This will finalize the configuration process and restart the
instrument.
When turning off the power without finalizing the configu- 索引
ration process, the changes to settings will not be saved.
78 6.5 System Reset
6.5 System Reset
These steps can be used to restore the instrument to its initial

configuration conditions.
However, note that the following settings will not

be deleted:
• Date and time
• Saved measurement data (4,800 data sets)
• Comparator permissible values (200 sets)
1. Press key to turn the power off.
2. While holding key
down, press key.
This will display the system

reset screen.
no is flashing
3. Using keys,
select "YES".
Select "no" to cancel the sys-

tem reset.
YES is selected
This will finalize the configuration process and restart the

instrument.
6.5 System Reset 79
Initial Configuration Conditions 1

(Factory Settings)
Resistance range 3.000 mΩ 2

Voltage range 6.000 V
3
Average range OFF
Zero-adjustment feature Releasing 4

Auto-hold feature OFF
5
Auto-memory feature OFF
Comparator feature OFF 6
Other Features
Comparator buzzer setting WARNING/FAIL (ON)
7
Auto-power-save feature ON
8
• When the system-reset screen has been dis-
played unintentionally, turn the power on again.
The instrument's settings will be restored without
resetting the system.
9
• Refer to "Section 5.5 Deleting Saved Data" (⇒ 10
p.69) for methods of deleting saved measure-
ment data.
索引
80 6.6 Battery Level Indicator
6.6 Battery Level Indicator
The battery level indicator is displayed in the upper right-hand

area of the screen.
Battery level
indicator
Battery level
indicator Battery status
Battery condition when new alkaline batteries

have been inserted.
Battery condition after approximately four

hours of use.
Battery condition after approximately seven

hours of use.This indicator is displayed when
the batteries are almost out of power. When
this indicator is displayed, prepare replace-
ment batteries.
Battery condition after approximately ten

hours of use (flashing).
When this indicator is displayed, no further
measurement can be conducted. Replace the
batteries with new ones.
• Using manganese batteries considerably short-

ens the time for which the instrument can be
used continuously.
• The battery level indicator does not function
accurately when using nickel metal hydride bat-
teries.
81
Connecting with
a Computer Chapter 7 1
2
Notation
3
• Unless otherwise specified, “Windows” represents Windows
98SE, Me, 2000, or Windows XP.
• Dialog box represents a Windows dialog box. 4
• Menus, commands, dialogs, buttons in a dialog, and other
names on the screen and the keys are indicated in brackets.
5
Mouse Operation
6
Click Press and quickly release the left button of
the mouse. 7
Connecting with a Computer

Right-click Press and quickly release the right button of
the mouse. 8
Double click Quickly click the left button of the mouse
twice. 9
Drag While holding down the left button of the
mouse, move the mouse and then release 10
the left button to deposit the chosen item in
the desired position.
索引
Activate Click on a window on the screen to activate
that window.
82 7.1 Overview
7.1 Overview
By connecting the instrument to a personal computer using the
USB cable, measurement data stored in the instrument's internal
memory can be transferred to the personal computer and com-
parator permissible values set on the personal computer can be
loaded to the instrument. In addition, clock settings and mea-
surement data can be deleted.
Editing a table of permissible values

on the 3554 (⇒ p.112)
Reading data from the 3554’s internal

memory (⇒ p.117)
USB cable
Personal computer
Model 3554
Transferring tables of permissible
values (⇒ p.115)
Clock-setting (⇒ p.105)
Deleting data from the 3554’s

internal memory (⇒ p.121)
The following software must be installed in order to

enable communication between the instrument
and a personal computer. Each of these is
included in the CD accompanying the instrument.
• Communication driver
• Application Software for 3554
7.1 Overview 83
7.1.1 Recommended Operating Environment
CPU Pentium III 500 MHz or more 1

Compatible OS Windows 98SE, Me, 2000, XP
Internet Explorer 5.0 or later 2
Resolution 1024 X 768 dots
True Color (32 bit) or higher recom-
mended 3
Memory 128 MB or more
4
HDD capacity 20 MB or more of disk space
(Additional hard-disc space required for
storing record data) 5
Interface USB Ver.1.1 or later (Only one model
3554 instrument can be connected to the
PC at a time.) 6
7
7.1.2 Composition of CD

Folder Japanese Folder containing an appli-
8
English cation setup file for English
or Japanese
9
Folder Driver Folder containing driver
installation file
10
Files install.exe Installation file
AUTORUN.INF Autorunning file
索引
Select "Small Font" for use with the OS. Using

"Large Font" may cause irregularities in screen
indications.
84 7.2 Installing the Software
7.2 Installing the Software
Before connecting the instrument to a personal computer, be

sure to install Application Software for 3554.
7.2.1 Installation
1. Start up the personal computer.
2. Stop all applications being executed on the computer

(recommended).
3. Insert the CD that came with the instrument (Application

Software for 3554) into the computer's CD-ROM drive.
Application Software for

3554
Once the computer has detected the

CD-R, the [install] screen will be dis-
played on the computer's screen.
4. Select the language to use.
* If the [install] dialog is not dis-

played automatically, execute
the installation program from
the following location: X:\En-
Click glish\Application3554v1.00E_
setup.exe (for Ver. 1.00).
("X" in the above file location
indicates the CD-ROM drive.
The letter allocated to the CD-
ROM drive may vary by com-
puter.)
7.2 Installing the Software 85
5. When the installShield Wizard appears, click the [Next]

button.
1
4
Click
6. Enter your username and company name, and then click 6

[Next].

(1) Enter
8
(2) Enter
9
(3) Click
10
索引
7. Click [Next].
Click [Browse] to change the directory to which the
application will be installed.
(1) Click
(2) Click
8. Click [Install].
Click
7.2 Installing the Software 87
Windows will begin installing.
9. When the installShield Wizard Complete appears, click 5

the [Finish] button.

8
Click
9
10
10. After the installation is complete, complete the installation
process by ejecting the CD from the CD-ROM drive.
索引
The latest version of Application Software for 3554
can be downloaded from the Hioki Website.
URL: http://www.hioki.co.jp/
7.2.2 Uninstalling (removing) the Application

If Application Software for 3554 is active, be sure to close the
application before uninstalling it.
1. Select the [Add or Remove Programs] in the Control

Panel, under the Start menu.
Click
2. Select [Application Software for 3554], and then click

[Remove].
(1) Click
(2) Click
On Windows98SE or Windows Me, select the [Add or Remove

Programs] in the Control Panel, under Settings on the Start
menu.
7.3 Installing the USB Driver 89
7.3 Installing the USB Driver

1
Do not plug in or unplug the USB cable while the
instrument is operating.
2
After installing Application Software for 3554, the USB driver can
be installed by connecting the instrument with the personal com- 3
puter using the USB cable. (Once Application Software for 3554
has been installed, there is no need to reinsert the CD into the
4
computer's CD-ROM drive to install the driver.)
5
1. Install the personal-computer software (⇒ p.84).
6
2. Turn the power on to the instrument.
3. Using the enclosed USB cable, connect the instrument to 7

the personal computer to which the driver will be

installed.
8
10
USB cable
Model 3554 Personal Computer 索引
After the "Found New Hardware" window
appears, the [Found New Hardware
Wizard] dialog box will appear.
90 7.3 Installing the USB Driver
4. Following the instructions in the [Found New Hardware

Wizard] dialog box, install the driver.
(WindosXP used)
Procedures for using the Found New Hardware Wizard

differ by operating system used. Driver installation meth-
ods for each operating system are described below.
"Section 7.3.1 For WindowsXP" (⇒ p.91)

"Section 7.3.2 For Windows2000" (⇒ p.94)
"Section 7.3.3 For WindowsMe" (⇒ p.97)
"Section 7.3.4 For Windows98SE" (⇒ p.100)
If after installing the driver you connect the instru-

ment to the personal computer using a different
USB port, the "Found New Hardware" window will
appear again and the Found New Hardware Wiz-
ard will start up. Use this wizard to install the driver
again for this port.
7.3.1 For WindowsXP
1
1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will
appear. Select [No, not this time], and then click [Next].
Depending on the version of Windows XP used, instead 2
of displaying this dialog box the computer might go
directly to the dialog box in Step 2 instead.
3
4
(1) Click
5
(2) Click
6
2. Select [Install from a list or specific location] and then 7

click [Next].

8
9
(1) Click 10
(2) Click
索引
3. Select [Search for the best driver in these locations]

and place a checkmark by [Include this location in the
search] (if there are checkmarks next to any other items,
uncheck them). In the location field, type [C:\Program
Files\HIOKI\3554\Driver] and then click [Next].
(If you have installed Application Software for 3554 in
another directory, enter the path to that directory instead
of the one shown in the example above.)
(1) Click
(2) Select
(3) Click
The driver can also be installed by inserting the included

CD into the computer's CD-ROM derive and entering
[X:\Driver] in the location field.
([X] in the above file location indicates the CD-ROM
drive. The letter allocated to the CD-ROM drive may vary
by computer.)
4. Click [Continue Anyway].

After Windows XP checks the software, it will display a
warning stating that the software has not been certified 1
by Microsoft. Click "Continue Anyway."
Click 5
6
Windows will begin copying the driver files.
5. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. 7

Click [Finish].

8
10
索引
Click
7.3.2 For Windows2000

appear and then click [Next].
Click
2. Select [Search for a suitable driver for my device] and

then click [Next].
(1) Click
(2) Click
3. Place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are

checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them) and
then click [Next]. 1
(1) Check 4
(2) Click 5
6
4. In the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\
Driver] and then click [OK].
7

8
9
(2) Click
(1) Enter 10
索引

by computer.)
5. Click [Next].
Click
6. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear.

Click [Finish].
Click
7.3.3 For WindowsMe
1. The [Found New Hardware Wizard] dialog box will 1

appear. Select [Specify the location of the driver], and
then click [Next]. 2
4
(1) Click
5
(2) Click

8
10
索引
2. Select [Search for the best driver for your device] and
place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are
checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them). In
the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\
Driver] and then click [Next].
(1) Click
(2) Select
(3) Click

by computer.)
3. Click [Next].
3
Click
4
4. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear. 5

Click [Finish].
6

8
Click
9
(In some cases, it may take some time until the [Found 10
New Hardware Wizard] closes.)
索引
7.3.4 For Windows98SE

appear and then click [Next].
Click
2. Select [Search for the best driver for your device] and
then click [Next].
(1) Click
(2) Click
3. Place a checkmark by [Specify a location] (if there are

checkmarks next to any other items, uncheck them). In
the location field, type [C:\Program Files\HIOKI\3554\ 1
Driver] and then click [Next].
another directory, enter the path to that directory instead 2
4
(1) Select
(2) Click 6

The driver can also be installed by inserting the included 8
drive. The letter allocated to the CD-ROM drive may vary 9
by computer.)
10
索引
4. Click [Next].
Click
5. When installation is complete, the next dialog will appear.

Click [Finish].
Click
(In some cases, it may take some time until the [Found
New Hardware Wizard] closes.)
7.4 Using the Software 103
7.4 Using the Software

1
7.4.1 Connecting the 3554 to a Computer
1. Turn on the power to the instrument. 2
After turning on the power, check the instrument's
remaining battery power.
If the remaining battery power is low, replace the batter- 3
ies with new ones.
(⇒ p.26)
4
2. Connect the instrument to a personal computer using the
included USB cable.
5
"PC" is displayed on the
instrument's screen.
6

8
USB cable 9
Model 3554 Personal computer
10
• Only one 3554 instrument may be connected to a
computer at one time.
• When connected to a computer using the USB 索引
cable, the instrument will shift to PC mode and
cease measurement operations.
Power to the internal measurement circuitry will
be turned off, and the instrument will shift to low-
power mode.
• The APS feature is disabled while the instrument
is in PC mode.
104 7.4 Using the Software
7.4.2 Starting the Software
1. Double-click on the icon on the computer's desk-

top.
The software's initialization screen will appear.
2. When the following message has been displayed, check

the USB cable connection or the power supply and then
click [OK].
Click
If the USB cable is not connected, communication

attempts will result in errors.
7.4.3 Clock-setting
1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen. 1
2
Click
3
7
2. Click [Set Clock].

8
10
Click 索引
3. Click on the [ST] arrows to set the current date and time
(year, month, day, hour, and minute values), and then
click [Set].
The current data and time values of the computer's clock
will be displayed by default. If these are correct, simply
click [Set] without changing them.
(1) Set
(2) Click
The clock settings will be finalized and transmitted to the

3554 instrument.
If you leave the clock setting screen by clicking [Back]

without clicking [Set], the clock settings will not be saved.
7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permissible Val-

ues
1
Up to 200 tables of comparator permissible values can be pre-
pared.
2
1. Click [SET COMP/Clock] on the initialization screen.
3
Click
4

2. Click [COMP Table]. 8
10
索引
Click
3. Click [New File].
Click
[Edit Comparator Table] will appear.

4. Entering configurations for each table.
1
(1)
2
(2)
(4)
(3)
3
(5)
4
(In the illustration above, resistance upper limit no. 1 has
been set at 130.0 mΩ, resistance upper limit no. 2 at 140.0 5
mΩ [300 mΩ range], and the voltage lower limit has been
set at 1.500 V [6 V range]).
(1) Enter the table no.
This number can be selected by clicking [Previous
6
table No.] or [Next table No.], or by clicking on the
table.
(2) Enter the name to be assigned to the table no. 7
If no name is entered, the default value "No Name"

will be used.
(3) Set the resistance and voltage ranges. 8
(4) Enter resistance upper limit no. 1 (R-Lim 1), resis-
tance upper limit no. 2 (R-Lim 2), and the voltage
lower limit (V-Lim).
Enter resistance input values in units of mΩ.
9
<Ex.>
When entering 6.25 mΩ in the 30 mΩ range, enter
"6.25". 10
When entering 1.5 Ω in the 3 Ω range, enter "1500".
(5) Finalize the settings.
索引
Configure all tables by repeating steps (1) - (5) above.
5. Save these configurations to a file by clicking [Save].

See "Section 7.4.7 Transferring Tables of Permissible
Values" (⇒ p.115) for details of transferring tables of per-
missible values.
7.4.5 Editing Files of Permissible Values
Click
2. Click [COMP Table].
Click
3. Click [Edit File].
2
Click
3
5
4. Click comparator table file and then click [Open].
6

(1) Click
8
9
(2) Click
5. Editing configurations for each table. 10

Refer to "Section 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permis-
sible Values" (⇒ p.107) for how to set. 索引
Editing the saved file using another application could

make it unreadable by this application.
7.4.6 Editing a Table of Permissible Values on

the 3554
Click
2. Click [COMP Table].
Click
3. Click [Edit 3554 data].
3
Click
4
5
4. Following dialog box will appear and then Click [Yes].
6

8
Click
Receipt of the table of permissible values will begin.
9
10
索引
5. After receipt of the table of permissible values is com-

plete, click [OK].
Click
6. Editing configurations for each table.

Refer to "Section 7.4.4 Preparing a New Table of Permis-
sible Values" (⇒ p.107) for how to set.
Transfer takes approximately three seconds.

7.4.7 Transferring Tables of Permissible Values

Transferring tables of permissible values will over-
write all tables of permissible values stored on the
1
instrument.
2
1. Click [Transfer] on the Edit Comparator Table dialog box.
3

Click 8
Following dialog box will appear. Click [Yes] to transfer

9
the data if desired.
10
索引
Click
If the data has not already been saved, the following dia-
log box will appear. Click [Yes] to save the data if
desired.
Click
Tables of permissible value transfer will begin.
2. After tables of permissible value transfer is complete,

click [OK].
Click
• Transfer takes approximately six seconds.

• Do not turn off the power to the instrument or discon-
nect the USB cable during transfer. Doing so will dam-
age the transfer of tables of permissible values.
• The transfer time given is an approximation. The actual
time needed may vary depending on the processing
speed of the personal computer used.
7.4.8 Reading Data from the 3554's Internal

Memory
1
The application can be used to read measurement data saved to
the instrument's internal memory.
2
1. Click [Read/Delete Data] on the initialization screen.
3
Click
4

2. Click [Read Data]. 8
10
索引
Click
3. Click the number of the unit to read.

Click [ALL UNITs] to read all units.
Click
If no data has been saved to the instrument's internal

memory, the unit numbers will be covered in a mesh-like
pattern and will not be available for choosing.
4. Select the directory to which to save the read data, enter

a filename, and then click [OK].
(1) Select
(2) Enter
(3) Click
Data transfer will begin.
5
• Transfer of a single unit (400 units of data) takes
approximately eight seconds. 6
• Transfer of all units (4,800 units of data) takes approxi-
mately 90 seconds.
• The transfer times given are approximations. The actual 7
time needed may vary depending on the processing
speed of the personal computer used.

8
5. When transfer is complete, the following dialog box will
appear. Click [OK].
9
10
索引
6. To open the read data, open the file in the directory desig-
nated in step 4.
(Example: opening the data in Microsoft Excel)
In this way, the data read from the instrument can be

checked.
7.4.9 Deleting Data From the 3554's Internal

Memory
1
The application can be used to read measurement data saved to
the instrument's internal memory.
2
1. Click [Read/Delete Data] on the initialization screen.
3
Click
4

2. Click [Delete Data]. 8
10
索引
Click
3. Click the number of the unit to delete.

Click [ALL UNITs] to delete all units.
Click
If no data has been saved to the instrument's internal

memory, the unit numbers will be covered in a mesh-like
pattern and will not be available for choosing.
4. Click [OK].
Click
Data deletion will begin.

Click [Cancel] to return to the previous screen.
• Deletion of a single unit (400 units of data) takes
approximately 0.5 seconds.
• Transfer of all units (4800 units of data) takes approxi-
mately three seconds.
7.4.10 Closing the Application
1
1. Click [Exit] on the initialization screen.
(1) Click 5

8
10
(2) Click 索引
2. A confirmation dialog will appear. Click [Yes].

Application Software for 3554 will close.
8.1 General Specifications 125
Specifications Chapter 8
1
8.1 General Specifications
2
Measurement • Measurement of battery internal resistance
modes • Measurement of battery terminal voltage
(DC voltage only) 3
• Temperature measurement
Measurement (After 0 adjustment) 4

range
• Resistance 0.000 mΩ to 3.100 Ω (Four-range structure)
• Voltage 0.000 V to ± 60.00 V (Two-range structure) 5
• Temperature -10.0°C to 60.0°C / 14°F to 140°F
(Single range)
6
Measurement
method
• Resistance AC four-terminal method
Open circuit voltage: 5 Vmax.
7
• Temperature Platinum temperature sensor
(voltage-output method)
8
Measured 1.5 mA to 150 mA (Fixed according to resis-
Specifications
current tance measurement range)
9
Display update Once/second (resistance, voltage, and tem-
rate perature measured as a set)
10
Detection of "- - - -" is displayed
constant-current
irregularities 索引
Disconnect "- - - -" is displayed
detection
Processing "OF" is displayed

excess input
126 8.1 General Specifications
Detection of "- - - -" is displayed

constant-current
irregularities
Disconnect "- - - -" is displayed

detection
Processing "OF" is displayed

excess input
Input terminals • Resistance, voltage measurement termi-

nals
Banana-plug type
Maximum input voltage:
DC ± 60 Vmax.
(Not compatible with AC input)
Input resistance: 20 kΩ or higher
• Temperature-measurement input terminal
Earphone-type jack (3.5 mm in diameter)
• Switch input terminal
Earphone-type jack (2.5 mm in diameter)
Averaging feature
Details of Calculating a moving average of displayed
operation resistance values
Initial status OFF
Configuration Change number of times averaging is con-

method ducted by pressing the AVG key
OFF (once) → 4 times → 8 times → 16
times → OFF...
Zero-adjustment
Details of Measured values upon implementation
operation (upon obtaining adjusted values) are set at
zero 1
Initial status OFF
2
Adjustment Up to 300 counts for each range
range (resistance, voltage)
3
Auto holding of measured values
Details of Holding (ceasing updating of) displayed val- 4
operation ues
Hold method (1) Pressing the HOLD key 5

(2) Inputting signals to the EXT.HOLD/
MEMO terminal
(3) Stabilizing measured values 6
(when the auto-hold feature is on)
Comparator feature
7
Details of Comparison of measured values with permissi-
operation ble values 8
Initial status OFF
Specifications
Setting Press the COMP key to select the comparator 9
method no. to use
Configure resistance upper limit no. 1, resistance
upper limit no. 2, and the voltage lower limit. 10
(low) (medium) (high) 索引
Voltage (high) PASS WARN FAIL
Voltage (low) WARN WARN FAIL
Settings saved 200

Memory Feature
Details of While the measured values are being held,
operation press the MEMO key to save them to the instru-
ment's internal memory.
When the auto-memory feature is on, mea-
sured values will be saved to the instrument's
internal memory when held.
Saved data can be deleted.
Data saved Date and time, resistance, voltage, tempera-
ture, comparator permissible values, results of
judgment
Number of 4,800
data sets that
can be saved
Memory 400 data sets per unit (12 units)
structure
Unit names A, b, C, d, E, F, G, H, J, L, n, P
Reading data Conducted using the keys on the instrument or
the PC application
Deleting data Available (single data sets, single units, or all
data)
Backup Saved to internal EEPROM (nonvolatile mem-
ory)
Auto-hold Feature
Details of Holds measured values automatically when
operation stabilized
Releasing the (1) Pressing the HOLD key

hold (2) Inputting signals to the EXT.HOLD/MEMO
terminal
Initial status OFF

Auto-memory Feature
Details of Saves measured value data automatically
operation when held.
Saved data can be cancelled by pressing the 1
CLEAR key.
Initial status OFF 2

Auto-power-save Feature (power on option) 3
Details of Cuts off power to the instrument automatically
operation when it has not been used for ten minutes or
longer and detection of constant-current irregu- 4
larities has continued for ten minutes or longer
This feature is cancelled during data communi-
cation using the PC application 5
Comparator Buzzer 6
Details of OFF
operation ON (Sounds when result is PASS)
ON (Sounds when result is FAIL / WARNING) 7
Initial status ON (Sounds when result is FAIL / WARNING)
8
Battery Level Indicator
Specifications
Details of Remaining battery power shown as zero at 8.0 9
operation V (± 0.2 V)
(Measurement functions stopped)
Power turned off at 7.6 V (± 0.2 V) 10
System Reset (power on option) 索引
Details of All settings except data and time, comparator

operation no., and saved data returned to initial configu-
ration
Clock
Features 24-hour clock; automatically adjusts for leap
year
Precision +/- approximately 4 minutes/month
Other features Runs on internal backup lithium battery
Battery life: approximately 10 years
Data Stored (to internal EEPROM [nonvolatile memory])

Measurement range configuration, zero-adjust values, averag-
ing settings, measurement data saved to memory, comparator
permissible values, comparator nos., memory settings, mem-
ory nos., reading nos., buzzer settings, auto-hold settings,
auto-memory settings, APS settings, temperature units
Operated using Formed rubber keys (18)

Display LCD (monochrome, 159 segments)
Guaranteed For one year
accuracy period
Operating 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F),
temperature and 80%RH or less (non-condensating)
humidity
Storage tempera- -10°C to 50°C (14°F to 122°F),
ture and humidity 80%RH or less (non-condensating)
Operating Indoors, altitude up to 2000 m (6562-ft.)
environment
Power supply LR6 alkaline batteries × 8
Rated supply DC1.5 V ×8
voltage
Maximum rated 2 VA
power
Continuous Approx. 10 hours
operating time When using alkaline batteries; may vary
depending on conditions of use
Dimensions Approx. 192W × 121H × 55D mm / 7.56"W ×

4.76"H × 2.17"D (sans protrusions)
1
Mass Approx. 790 g / 27.9 oz. (within batteries)
Dielectric Between all measurement terminals and

2
strength USB terminal:
AC 1.5 kV; 15 seconds; cutoff current: 5 mA
3
Maximum input Between positive and negative measurement
voltage terminals: DC 60 V
4
Maximum rated Between all measurement terminals and
voltage to earth ground: DC 70 V
5
Applicable EMC
standards EN61326:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
Safety 6
EN61010-1:2001 Pollution degree 2
Measurement category I
(anticipated transient overvoltage 500 V) 7
Effect of ± 3.0% f.s. when measuring both resistance
radiated and voltage (at 3 V / m) 8
radio-frequency
electromagnetic
Specifications
field 9
10
索引
132 8.2 Accuracy
Accessories Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD........... 1

USB cable ............................................. 1
Application Software CD ....................... 1
Strap ...................................................... 1
Instruction manual ................................. 1
Carrying case ........................................ 1
Zeroadjustment board ........................... 1
LR6 alkaline batteries............................ 8
Fuse (216.315, Littelfuse,INC)
(F315mAH / 250 V) ............................... 1
Options Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEM-

PERATURE SENSOR
Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH
Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE LEAD
Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD
Model 9465-90 TIP PIN
(For replacing the point of 9465-10)
Model 9772-90 TIP PIN
(For replacing the point of 9772)
8.2 Accuracy
Accuracy 23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F), 80%RH or less

guarantee for (non-condensating)
temperature
and humidity
Guaranteed Warming up: not required

accuracy Zero adjustment: implemented
conditions
Temperature Calculated using temperature coefficient *

coefficient (T - 23); T: temperature used (°C)
18 to 28°C: no temperature coefficient
8.2 Accuracy 133
Resistance measurement
• Temperature coefficient:
3 mΩ range: (± 0.01 rdg. ± 0.8 dgt.)/°C
Other range: (± 0.01 rdg. ± 0.5 dgt.)/°C
1
• Measurement current reliability: ± 10%
• Measurement current frequency: 1 kHz ± 30 Hz 2
Maximum Measured
Range displayed Resolution Accuracy current
value
3
3 mΩ 3.100 mΩ 1 µΩ ± 1.0 %rdg. ± 8 dgt. 150 mA
30 mΩ 31.00 mΩ 10 µΩ 150 mA
300 mΩ 310.0 mΩ 100 µΩ ± 0.8 %rdg. ± 6 dgt. 15 mA
4
3Ω 3.100 Ω 1 mΩ 1.5 mA
5
DC Voltage Measurement
• Temperature coefficient; (± 0.005 %rdg. ± 0.5 dgt.) /°C 6
Maximum
Range displayed Resolution Accuracy
value 7
6V ± 6.000 V 1 mV
± 0.08 %rdg. ± 6 dgt.
60 V ± 60.00 V 10 mV
8
Specifications
Temperature Measurement 9
Maximum
Range displayed Resolution Accuracy
value 10
-10 to 60°C 60.0°C 0.1°C ± 1.0 °C (± 1.8°F)
(14 to 140°F) (140.0°F) (0.1°F)
Individual reliability under simulated input: ± 0.5°C (± 0.9°F) 索引
134 8.3 Communications
8.3 Communications
USB Interface
Hardware Uses RS-232C/USB converter
Operating method When connecting the instrument to a per-

sonal computer via the USB cable, the
instrument shifts to PC mode.
Measurement ceases when in PC mode.
Details of Output of various settings and saved data

communication
Transfer method Start-stop synchronization, Full duplex
Baud rate 38,400 bps
Data length 8 bit
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Delimiter CR+LF
Hand shake None
XON / XOFF Unused

9.1 Troubleshooting 135
Maintenance and
Service Chapter 9 1
3
Never modify the instrument. Only Hioki service
engineers should disassemble or repair the instru-
ment. Failure to observe these precautions may
result in fire, electric shock, or injury. 4
• If damage is suspected, check the "Trouble- 5

shooting" section before contacting your dealer
or Hioki representative.
• The instrument contains a built-in backup lithium 6
battery, which offers a service life of about ten
years. If the date and time deviate substantially
when the instrument is switched on, it is the time
to replace that battery. Contact your dealer or
7
Hioki representative.
When sending the instrument for repair, remove

8
the batteries and pack carefully to prevent damage
in transit. Include cushioning material so the instru-
ment cannot move within the package. Be sure to 9
include details of the problem. Hioki cannot be
Maintenance and Service
responsible for damage that occurs during ship-

ment. 10
索引
136 9.1 Troubleshooting
Before Returning for Repair

If the instrument appears to be operating unusually, check the
following:
Symptoms Items to check/countermeasures
Nothing displayed Are the batteries out of power?
on screen even →If so, replace them with new batteries.
after pressing (⇒ p.26)
POWER key
Are the batteries inserted correctly?
→Check to see whether the batteries
have been inserted correctly. If not,
reinsert them correctly.
(⇒ p.26)
Unusual mea- Is the test lead attached correctly?
sured values →If not, attach the test lead correctly.
obtained (⇒ p.28)
"- - - -" displayed
Does the test lead have a disconnection?
on screen →If so, replace it with a new test lead.
"OF" displayed on
screen Is the fuse burned out?
→If so, replace it with a new fuse
(⇒ p.141)
Was the zero adjustment conducted cor-
rectly?
→If not, conduct the zero adjustment cor-
rectly. (⇒ p.37)
Has an appropriate range been selected?
→If not, select an appropriate range using
the range key. (⇒ p.36)
The Ω or V keys Is the comparator feature in effect?
have no effect →These keys cannot be operated when
the comparator feature is in effect.
The MEMO key has Has the data been held?
no effect →If not, use the HOLD key to hold the
data.
Symptoms Items to check/countermeasures

No temperature dis- Has the 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD 1
played on screen when WITH TEMPERATURE SENSOR
using the 9460 CLIP with temperature sensor been con-
TYPE LEAD WITH TEM- nected correctly? 2
PERATURE SENSOR →If not, connect it correctly. (⇒
with temperature sensor. p.51)
Nothing displayed on This key cannot be used when no 3
screen even after press- data has been saved.
ing READ key
Unusual comparator Have comparator permissible val- 4
results ues been set incorrectly?
→If so, set them correctly.
(⇒ p.55) 5
9Maintenance and Service
10
索引
138 9.2 Error Display
9.2 Error Display
Conduct the following checks when an error message has been

displayed on screen.
Error message Details Response
Err Zero-adjust Ensure the probe is con-

failure nected correctly and conduct
the zero adjustment again.
(⇒ p.37)
no AdJ Irregularity in Repairs required.

adjustment Contact your dealer or Hioki
data representative.
Er10 Internal vari-

Er11 able error
Er12
Er20
Er21
Er22
Er23
Er24
The messages "- - - -" and "OF" displayed on

screen are not indications of errors.
• "- - - -" is displayed when input terminals have
been open.
• "OF" is displayed when the input values exceed
the set range. Reset the range correctly.
9.3 Frequently Asked Questions 139
9.3 Frequently Asked Questions

1
9.3.1 Can Manganese Batteries be Used?
The period for which the instrument can be used 2
continuously (approximately 10 hours) is mea-
sured using alkaline batteries. Note that use of 3
manganese batteries will reduce this time con-
siderably (to approximately three hours). 4
5
9.3.2 Can Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries be
Used? 6
Since nickel metal hydride batteries discharge
7
power in different ways than do alkaline batteries,
when using nickel metal hydride batteries the
8
instrument's battery level indicator will be highly
inaccurate. Note that there is a possibility under
9
such conditions of the instrument losing Maintenance and Service
power suddenly.
10
索引
140 9.3 Frequently Asked Questions
9.3.3 Setting Permissible Values
For determining battery wear, first measure

internal resistance in a new or good battery.
The graph below shows the relation between storage capacity

and initial value of internal resistance in a lead-acid battery.
"CS," "HS," and "MSE" denote JIS (Japanese Industrial Stan-
dard) lead-acid battery types.
Internal resistance of an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid bat-
tery) can be read at approximately 1 mΩ (100 Ah) and approxi-
mately 0.13 mΩ (1000 Ah). Under conditions of battery wear,
internal resistance rises to 1.5 - 2 times its initial value (refer-
ence values).
[mΩ]
Internal resistance value
CS : clad stationary lead-

acid battery
HS : high-rate discharge
stationary lead-acid
battery (pasted type)
CS MSE: sealed stationary lead-
HS acid battery
MSE
Lead-acid battery [Ah]
Source: Lead-acid battery technician certification textbook, Battery

Association of Japan (BAJ)
9.4 Replacing the Fuse 141
9.4 Replacing the Fuse

When the instrument's fuse has burned out, replace it as
described below. 1
• To avoid electric shock when replacing the
fuse, first disconnect the test leads from 2
the battery to be measured. After replacing
the fuse, replace the fuse cover and 3
screws before using the instrument.
• Replace the fuse only with one of the spec-
ified characteristics. Using a non-specified 4
fuse or shorting the fuse holder may cause
a life-threatening hazard.
Fuse type: 216.315, Littelfuse, INC, fast- 5
acting, F315mAH / 250 V, high breaking
capacity 1,500A
6
1. Turn off the power to the
Remove instrument and remove 7
the test leads.
8
2. Using a Phillips screw-
driver, remove the battery
1 Turning off cover on the rear of the
9Maintenance and Service
instrument.
Phillips
screwdriver 10
3. Remove the burned-out
fuse and replace it with a 索引
new one that meets
Rear 4 2 required specifications.
panel New fuse
3
4. Replace the fuse cover
and tighten the screw.
142 9.5 Replacing the Test Lead Pin
9.5 Replacing the Test Lead Pin
The conductive-tip contact pin is replaceable. Replace the pin

with a new one if it is broken or worn. One-piece conductive-tip
contact pins with a plastic pin base are available separately.
1. Turn off the power of the instrument and remove the

cable.
2. Unscrew the cable lock to unlock the cable.
(The cable is locked by screwing the cable lock.)
To prevent broken
wires; do not pull the
Model 9465-10 (1) (2) cable, and do not twist
the cable.
3. Hold the pin base so that the cable won’t rotate, and then
rotate the grip to loosen it.
(1) Hold the pin base tightly. Beware of injury.

(3) The tip has a sharp point.
(2)
4. Pull off the connector and remove the pin.
The 9465-90 tip pin Do not apply a load to

the cable to prevent
broken wires.
9.6 Cleaning 143
5. Fasten a new pin. Press the tip of the pin against a hard
board so that the pin won’t spring out, and push the con-
nector onto the pin.
1
2
Model 9465-90 tip pin
4
6. Assemble the pin type lead in the reverse order of disas-
5
sembling.
Do not pull or twist the cable.
7. To avoid broken wires and contact failures, after tighten- 6
ing the cable lock, gently tug and twist the cable to check
it is firmly held.
7
8. Check the performance. Measure an object with a known
resistance. Make sure that the measured resistance is
correct before using the pin type lead. 8
9.6 Cleaning 9
Maintenance and Service
To clean the instrument, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moist- 10

ened with water or mild detergent. Never use solvents such as
benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether, ketones, thinners or gasoline,
as they can deform and discolor the case. 索引
144 9.7 Discarding the Instrument
9.7 Discarding the Instrument
• When disposing of this instrument, remove

the lithium battery and dispose of battery
and instrument in accordance with local
regulations.
• To avoid electrocution, turn off the power
switch and disconnect the test lead before
removing the lithium battery.
1. Turn off the power to the

instrument and remove
the test leads.
1 Turning off 2. Using a Phillips screw-

Rear panel driver, remove the four
2
screws from the battery
cover on the rear side of
the instrument.
3
3. Remove the cable protrud-
ing from the battery
4 holder.
5
4. Remove the upper panel.
5. Use tweezers or a similar

tool to remove the lithium
battery from the lower
panel.
10.1 Effects of Extending the Measurement Lead 145
Appendix Chapter 10
1
10.1 Effects of Extending the Measure-
ment Lead and Induced Voltage 2
The test lead extension is normally performed by Hioki. If you 3

want extension performed, contact your dealer or Hioki repre-
sentative.
Users should not extend the measurement leads.
4
Reducing Induced Voltage
Since the instrument measures a minute resistance with AC
power, it is affected by induced voltage. Induced voltage refers
5
to voltage that allows the current generated in the instrument to
build an inductive coupling in a lead and affect signal lines.
Since the phase of the induced voltage is shifted from that of the 6
AC current (reference signal) by 90 degrees, it can be eliminated
with the synchronous detection circuit if the voltage is low. But
for high levels, the induced voltage distorts the signals, causing 7
incorrect synchronous detection. The instrument monitors
induced voltage internally and generates an abnormal measure-
ment signal if the level rises above a certain level. Reducing the 8
length of the lead will lower induced voltage. Reducing the
length of the branched section is particularly effective. Even
when using the standard measurement lead, if in the 3 mΩ
range the lead placement differs substantially between when the 9
zero-adjust feature was used and when the measurements were
taken, the effects of induced voltage will cause the values to
fluctuate by approximately 15 dgt. 10
Appendix
索引
146 10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents
10.2 Effect of Eddy Currents
The AC current generated in the instrument induces eddy cur-

rents in the surrounding metallic plates, which generate induced
voltage in the test lead. Since the phase of this induced voltage
is shifted from that of the AC current (reference signal) by 180
degrees, it cannot be eliminated by the synchronous detection
circuit, resulting in measurement errors. The influence of eddy
currents is a phenomenon unique to ohmmeters that measure
resistance with AC power. To protect the test lead from such
effects, keep metallic parts, including metallic plates, at a suit-
able distance from the test lead (branched section).
10.3 AC Four-terminal Method 147
10.3 AC Four-terminal Method
The instrument uses the AC four-terminal method, so that resis-

1
tance measurement can be carried out with the resistance of the
leads and the contact resistance between the leads and the 2
object to be measured canceled out. The following figure shows
the principle of the AC four-terminal measurement method.
3
Resistance measurement circuit
Constant current
4
Is source
DC-elimination
capacitor
Voltmeter 5
R1 R2 VIS R3 R4
6
Resistance
Values R1 to R4 are the resistances of the test leads plus contact resistances.
7
An AC current (Is) is supplied from the SOURCE terminals of the 8

instrument across the tested battery. The voltage drop across
the internal impedance of the battery (VIS) is measured by the
SENSE terminals. At this point, since the SENSE terminals are
9
connected to an internal voltmeter with a high impedance,
almost no current flows through the resistances R2 and R3 which 10
represent the lead resistances and contact resistances. As a
Appendix
result, there is almost no voltage drop across the resistances R2 索引

and R3. Thus the voltage drop due to the lead resistances and
contact resistances is very small, and these can be canceled
out. In the instrument, a synchronized wave detection system is
used, whereby the internal impedance is separated into resis-
tance and reactance, and the resistive component only dis-
played.
148 10.3 AC Four-terminal Method
Reactance Impedance
Effective resistance
If the lead resistance, the contact resistance between measured

object and lead, or the contact resistance between the lead and
the instrument increases, the instrument can no longer supply
normal current to the measured object, resulting in an abnormal
measurement status indicated by "- - - -" within the measured
resistance field. For more information on abnormal measure-
ments (⇒ p.42)."
10.4 Effects of Current Density 149
10.4 Effects of Current Density
When the subject of measurement is wide or 1

thick
2
When the subject of measurement has width or thickness, such
as when it is in plate or block form, it is difficult to get accurate
measurements using clip-type or pin leads. Using such leads 3
could result in variation measured values ranging from single to
double digits in percentage points, due to contact pressure or
angles. For example, when the subject of measurement is a
metal sheet with the dimensions W 300 X L 370 X t 0.4, mea- 4
sured values taken from the same location may differ markedly
as shown below:
When using a 0.2-mm-pitch pin lead: 1.1 mΩ 5
When using a 0.5-mm-pitch pin lead: 0.92 - 0.97 mΩ
When using a 9287-10 CLIP TYPE LEAD: 0.85 - 0.95 Ω
6
This is caused not by contact resistance between the probe and
the subject of measurement but by current distribution in the
subject of measurement. 7
Illustration 1 is an example of a plot of the equipotential lines of a
metal plate. Just like the relationship between wind and the
barometric charts used in weather forecasts, current density is
higher where the equipotential lines are close to each other and 8
lower where the lines are farther apart. The illustration shows
that the potential gradient is greater near the sources of current.
This is because these points are where the electric current is in 9
the middle of spreading across the metal plate, leading to higher
current density. For this reason, when a terminal for detecting
voltage is placed near one of these sources of current, just the 10
slightest change in contact position can lead to major variation in
measured values. Use of Hioki's 9453 four-terminal lead or a
Appendix
similar lead to detect voltage on the inner side of the sources of 索引

current is desirable to avoid these effects. In other words, if mea-
surement is conducted within the width (W) or thickness (t) of the
subject of measurement, current distribution is likely to be sta-
ble.
150 10.4 Effects of Current Density
0.1 mΩ
0.2 mΩ
0.3 mΩ
0.4 mΩ
Current Current
source source
(Illustration 1)
A plot of the equipotential lines of metal plate showing current
distribution at 50 µV intervals when applying a 1 A current at the
endpoints of the plate (W 300 X L 370 X t 0.4)
As shown in Illustration 2, it is desirable to locate the sensor ter-

minals within the plate's W or t value of the sense terminals:
SOURCE SENSE SENSE SOURCE
W
W, t or W, t or
(Illustration 2)
Probing locations when the subject of measurement has width
and thickness values
Since when judging battery wear it is important to ascertain

changes arising from the passage of time, use the same
measurement lead for each measurement.
10.5 Synchronous Detection System 151
10.5 Synchronous Detection System
The figure below shows an equivalent circuit for a battery. If the

1
measured object exhibits other electrical characteristics in addi-
tion to resistance, as shown in this figure, we can use the syn- 2
chronous detection system to obtain the effective resistance of
the object. This synchronous detection system is also used to
separate faint signals from noise. 3
4
R2
E L R1 5
C
The synchronous detection system picks up the reference signal
and those signals having the same phase components. The fig- 6
ure below gives a simplified schematic diagram of the synchro-
nous detection system. The system consists of a multiplying 7
circuit that multiplies two signals and a low-pass filter (LPF) that
picks up only DC components from the output.
8
Non-inversion amplifier
+1 9
Inversion amplifier LPF
10
-1 Low-pass filter
Appendix
索引
Reference signal
Multiplier circuit
152 10.5 Synchronous Detection System
Given "v1," a reference signal voltage for the AC current gener-

ated in the instrument, and "v2," the signal voltage for use in
synchronous detection, these parameters may be expressed by
the equation given below. θ of v2 shows the phase difference
against v1 and is generated by the reactance.
v1 = Asinωt
v2 = Bsin (ωt + θ)
When synchronous detection is applied to both v1 and v2, they
are expressed as follows:
v1 X v2 = 1/2ABcosθ - 1/2ABcos (2ωt + θ)
The first term indicates effective resistance. The second term is
attenuated by the LPF. The instrument displays the first term.
10.6 Test Lead Options 153
10.6 Test Lead Options

1
10.6.1 Model 9460 CLIP TYPE LEAD WITH TEM-
PERATURE SENSOR 2
Resistance, voltage, and temperature can be measured simulta-
neously. 3
Banana plug (red)
Clip (red)
Miniplug
(TEMP SENSOR)
4
Temperature
sensor
5
6
Clip (black)
- +
Banana plug (black) 7
SOURCE SENSE
8
10.6.2 Model 9466 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCH
By attaching this switch to the test lead, values can be held dur-
9
ing measurement.
10
Appendix
Miniplug φ2.5 mm 索引
Switch (EXT.HOLD/MEMO)
154 10.6 Test Lead Options
10.6.3 Model 9467 LARGE CLIP TYPE LEAD

These can be clipped to samples in relatively thick bar form.
Four-terminal measurement can be conducted just by clipping
these to the subject.
Distance between the split and the probe:
approximately 250 mm
Distance between the connector and the split:
approximately 850 mm
Maximum clip diameter: approximately 29 mm
10.6.4 Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD

This lead's pins are arranged parallel to each other. It is a strong,
wear-resistant lead.
9.15 (Unit: mm)
4.3
2.5
Probe (red)
φ1.8
Banana plug (red)
- +
Probe (black)
Banana plug (black)
SOURCE SENSE
10.7 Calibration Procedure 155
10.7 Calibration Procedure
To prevent damage to the instrument, do not input 1

voltage between the positive SOURCE and
SENSE terminals or between the negative
SOURCE and SENSE terminals. Also, do not con- 2
duct measurement when the instrument is turned
off.
3
Refer to the "Section 8.2 Accuracy" (⇒ p.132) concerning the
calibration environment. 4
5
10.7.1 Resistometer Calibration
• Use a standard resistor resistant to wear from age and with 6
strong temperature performance.
• Use a resistor with four terminals, in order to prevent effects
due to the resistor lead lines. 7
• Be sure to assign resistor values in instruments of 1 kHz AC.
Using a coil resistor will result in high inductance. For this rea-
son, pure (DC) resistance will not equal effective resistance 8
(impedance; displayed on the instrument).
• Connect the instrument to the standard resistor as shown
below: 9
Model 3554 Standard resistor
10
SOURCE - Hi
Appendix
SENSE - Hi
索引
SENSE - Lo
SOURCE - Lo
156 10.7 Calibration Procedure
10.7.2 Voltmeter Calibration

• Use a generator that can output a DC voltage of 60 V.
• For connection of a generator to the instrument, see the figure
below.
• Do not apply an alternating current from the instrument to the
generator, as the generator may malfunction.
• Use a low-impedance (50 Ω or less) voltage source.
If "- - - -" (disconnect) is displayed on the screen, turn off the
power to the instrument and restart it by pressing the key
while holding down key.
This will turn off the disconnect-detection feature. Restart the
instrument after calibration. This will turn on the disconnect-
detection feature again.
Model 3554 DC generator

SENSE - Hi +
SENSE - Lo
SOURCE - Hi
SOURCE - Lo -
HIOKI 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER
Instruction Manual
Publication date: March 2006 Edition 1

Edited and published by HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION
Technical Support Section
All inquiries to International Sales and Marketing Department
81 Koizumi, Ueda, Nagano, 386-1192, Japan
TEL: +81-268-28-0562 / FAX: +81-268-28-0568
E-mail: os-com@hioki.co.jp
URL http://www.hioki.co.jp/
Printed in Japan 3554A981-00
• All reasonable care has been taken in the production of this

manual, but if you find any points which are unclear or in error,
please contact your supplier or the International Sales and
Marketing Department at HIOKI headquarters.
• In the interests of product development, the contents of this
manual are subject to revision without prior notice.
• Unauthorized reproduction or copying of this manual is prohib-
ited.
HEAD OFFICE
81 Koizumi, Ueda, Nagano 386-1192, Japan
TEL +81-268-28-0562 / FAX +81-268-28-0568
E-mail: os-com@hioki.co.jp / URL http://www.hioki.co.jp/
HIOKI USA CORPORATION
6 Corporate Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA
TEL +1-609-409-9109 / FAX +1-609-409-9108
3554A981-00 06-03H
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL

3.3.1 Shorting Methods for Various Test

Chapter 4 Comparator Feature 53

Chapter 5 Memory Feature 63

Chapter 6 Other Features 73 3

7.4.1 Connecting the 3554 to a Computer

Chapter 8 Specifications 125

Chapter 9 Maintenance and Service 135

Chapter 10 Appendix 145

Verifying Package Contents

❏ Zero adjustment board (1) ❏ Instruction manual (1)

❏ Model 3554 (1)

❏ USB cable (1)

❏ Model 9465-10 PIN TYPE LEAD (1)

Indicates a grounding terminal.

The following symbols in this manual indicate the relative impor-

Indicates that incorrect operation presents

Indicates that incorrect operation presents a

Indicates that incorrect operation presents a

Indicates advisory items related to perfor-

Notation of the This Manual

(⇒ P. ) Indicates the location of reference information.

Indicates quick references for operation and reme- 3

* Indicates that descriptive information is provided 4

rdg. (reading or displayed value) 9

Measurement Categories (Overvoltage Categories)

This instrument complies with CAT I safety requirements.

Higher-numbered categories correspond to electrical environ-

Operating temperature and humidity:

Accuracy guarantee for temperature and humidity:

Exposed to high levels of particulate dust 8

In the presence of corrosive or explosive

Before using the instrument, make sure that

Handling the Instrument

To avoid electric shock, do not remove the

To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from

• To avoid corrosion from battery leakage and

Handling the Test Leads

• For safety reasons, when taking measurements,

• To avoid breaking the test leads, do not bend or

• The ends of the test leads are sharp. Be careful

• To avoid damaging the test lead, grasp the con-

• Always hold the disc by the edges, so as not to

The graph below shows the relation between storage capacity 4

Lead-acid battery [Ah]

• For an MSE (sealed stationary lead-acid battery),

• Initial values of internal resistance may vary

• Internal-resistance warnings and failures vary by

Source: Lead-acid battery technician certification textbook,

1.2 Product Overview

The 3554 BATTERY HiTESTER is a measuring instrument for 1

Enables measurement without shutting down UPS

Reliable measurement values

Simultaneous display of resistance, voltage, and

Large memory capacity

Model 9772 PIN TYPE LEAD (optional)

1.4 Names and Functions of Parts

Front Panel SOURCE Terminal

Used for turning the comparator buzzer on or off.