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GVF Problems

1) The document discusses several problems related to gradually varied flow profiles in open channels. It provides the questions, solutions, and relevant reference material for each problem. 2) Problem 1 examines possible flow profiles from changes in bed slope. Problem 2 analyzes profiles involving three slopes in series with controls. Problem 3 considers profiles in a trapezoidal channel with different slopes and depths. 3) Problem 4 looks at a profile resulting from a change in slope and depth between two rectangular channel reaches. Reference tables are given for normal depth, critical depth, and other flow parameters.

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141 views

GVF Problems

1) The document discusses several problems related to gradually varied flow profiles in open channels. It provides the questions, solutions, and relevant reference material for each problem. 2) Problem 1 examines possible flow profiles from changes in bed slope. Problem 2 analyzes profiles involving three slopes in series with controls. Problem 3 considers profiles in a trapezoidal channel with different slopes and depths. 3) Problem 4 looks at a profile resulting from a change in slope and depth between two rectangular channel reaches. Reference tables are given for normal depth, critical depth, and other flow parameters.

Uploaded by

asdfghj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GVF Problems

Dr. R. Manjula
Associate Professor/ Civil
Engineering
Problem 1
A rectangular channel of 4.0-m width has a Manning’s coefficient of
0.025. For a discharge of 6.0 m3/s in this channel, identify the
possible GVF profiles produced in the following break in grades.
a) S01 = 0.0004 to S02 = 0.015
b) S01 = 0.005 to S02 = 0.0004
Solution: q =6.0 / 4.0 =1.50m3 /s/m

For normal depth calculation: φ =


Problem 1(cont.,)
Using this relation, the normal depth for various cases are calculated as:

S0 φ Y0/B y0 Note: Y0/B values taken


0.0004 0.1860 0.4764 1.906 from table: values of φ for
0.015 0.0303 0.1350 0.540 Trapezoidal Channels (ref.
next slide)
0.005 0.0526 0.1950 0.780
Reference table: values of φ for Trapezoidal Channels
Problem 1(cont.,)
Various possible GVF profiles in these two cases: (i)
Problem 1(cont.,)
Various possible GVF profiles in these two cases: (ii)
Problem 1(Alternative Solution)
Instead of calculating normal depth through use of tables, the critical
slope is calculated.

Here, η = yc/ B = 0.612/4.0 = 0.153. Substituting,


Problem 1(Alternative Solution) cont.,
Classification of Channels based on value of slope relative to Sc = 0.013
Problem 2
Identify and sketch the GVF profiles in three mild slopes which could be described
as mild, steeper mild and milder. The three slopes are in series. The last slope has a
sluice gate in the middle of the reach and the downstream end of the channel has a
free overfall.
Solution The longitudinal section of the channel, critical-depth line and normal depth
lines for the various reaches are shown in figure below.
Problem 2 (Cont.,)
The controls are: (i) Free overfall at E.
(ii) Vena contracta downstream of the sluice gate at D
For subcritical flow the control is at the downstream end of the channel, the higher
of the two normal depths at C acts as a control for the reach CB, giving rise to an
M1 profile over CB.
At B, the normal depth of the channel CB acts as a control giving rise to an M2
profile over AB.
With these controls the possible flow profiles are:
(i) an M2 profile on channel AB
(ii) M1 profile on channel BC
(iii) M3 profile and M2 profile connected through a jump on the stretch
DC.
Problem 3
A trapezoidal channel has three reaches A, B and C connected in series with the
following properties:

Solution:
For a discharge of 22.5 m3/s through this channel, sketch the resulting water-surface
profiles. The length of the reaches can be assumed to be sufficiently long for the GVF
profiles to develop fully.
Problem 3 (Cont.,)

The normal depth and critical depths in the reaches AB and BC are calculated
by using normal depth table and table: Values of ψ for computation of critical
depth in trapezioidal channels.
The resulting profile as above is a serial combination.
Reference table:
Problem 3 (Cont.,)
Reach A is a mild-slope channel as y0 > yc and reaches B and C are steep slope
channels. Reach B is steeper than reach C.
Reach A will have an M2 drawdown curve, reach B and S2 drawdown curve and
reach C and S3 rising curve.
The CDL is drawn at a height of 1.316 m
above the bed level and the NDLs are
drawn at the appropriate y0 values.
Problem 4
In a rectangular channel, two reaches M and N are in series, with reach M
being upstream of reach N. These channel reaches have the following
characteristics:

Sketch the resulting GVF profile due to the change in the channel
characteristics as above.
Solution:
Problem 4 (Cont.,)

Normal depth calculations: η from table: values of


Reach φ η Normal depth y0(m) φ for Trapezoidal
Channels (ref. next
M 0.256496 0.6071 3.036 slide)
N 0.32220 0.7254 2.902
Reference table: values of φ for Trapezoidal Channels
Problem 4 (Cont.,)
The channel slope changes from Mild Slope to Steeper mild slope and an M2
curve is formed in the reach M.
The curve has the upstream asymptote of y0m = 3.3036 m and ends at a depth
of 2.902 m at the junction of the two reaches.

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