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Optional Exercise (Linux Terminal Commands)

The document outlines various commands for directory and file management in Linux terminals. It provides instructions to [1] create directories and subdirectories, [2] navigate directories and view paths, [3] list directory contents, [4] create, remove, and copy directories and files, [5] view and edit file contents, [6] append to files, [7] search files, [8] move and rename files, and [9] remove directories and contents. The commands demonstrated include mkdir, cd, pwd, ls, touch, cp, head, tail, echo, grep, mv, and rm.

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ATISHAY GWARI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Optional Exercise (Linux Terminal Commands)

The document outlines various commands for directory and file management in Linux terminals. It provides instructions to [1] create directories and subdirectories, [2] navigate directories and view paths, [3] list directory contents, [4] create, remove, and copy directories and files, [5] view and edit file contents, [6] append to files, [7] search files, [8] move and rename files, and [9] remove directories and contents. The commands demonstrated include mkdir, cd, pwd, ls, touch, cp, head, tail, echo, grep, mv, and rm.

Uploaded by

ATISHAY GWARI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Optional Exercise (Linux Terminal Commands)

Gaurav Ojha

VisFac @ MPSTME, Mumbai

Exercise: Directory and File Management in Linux

1. Create a directory structure:


a) Create a directory called "MyFiles" in your home directory.
b) Inside the "MyFiles" directory, create three subdirectories: "Documents", "Pictures", and "Music".
2. Navigate through directories:
a) Change your current working directory to "MyFiles/Documents".
b) Print the absolute path of your current working directory using the "pwd" command.
3. List directory contents:
a) List all the files and directories in "MyFiles".
b) List all the files (including hidden files) and directories in "MyFiles/Pictures" using appropriate
options with the "ls" command.

4. Create and remove directories:


a) Create a new directory named "Notes" inside "MyFiles/Documents".
b) Remove the "Music" directory from "MyFiles".
5. Create and copy files:
a) Create a new empty file named "todo.txt" inside the "Documents" directory using the "touch"
command.
b) Copy the "todo.txt" file to the "Notes" directory.
6. View file contents:
a) View the first 5 lines of the "todo.txt" file using the "head" command.
b) View the last 10 lines of the "todo.txt" file using the "tail" command.
7. Append content to a file:
a) Add a new task to the "todo.txt" file using the "echo" command and redirect the output to append
to the file.
8. Search for specific content:
a) Use the "grep" command to search for the word "important" in the "todo.txt" file.

9. Move and rename files:


a) Move the "todo.txt" file from the "Documents" directory to the "Notes" directory using the "mv"
command.
b) Rename the "todo.txt" file in the "Notes" directory to "tasks.txt" using the "mv" command.
10. Clean up:
a) Remove the "MyFiles" directory and all its contents using the appropriate command.
1. Create a directory structure:

a) Create a directory called "MyFiles" in your home directory.


b) Inside the "MyFiles" directory, create three subdirectories: "Documents", "Pictures", and
"Music".

mkdir ~/MyFiles

mkdir ~/MyFiles/Documents
mkdir ~/MyFiles/Pictures
mkdir ~/MyFiles/Music
2. Navigate through directories:

a) Change your current working directory to "MyFiles/Documents".


b) Print the absolute path of your current working directory using the "pwd" command.

cd ~/MyFiles/Documents

pwd
3. List directory contents:

a) List all the files and directories in "MyFiles".


b) List all the files (including hidden files) and directories in "MyFiles/Pictures" using
appropriate options with the "ls" command.

ls ~/MyFiles
ls -a ~/MyFiles/Pictures
4. Create and remove directories:

a) Create a new directory named "Notes" inside "MyFiles/Documents".


b) Remove the "Music" directory from "MyFiles".

mkdir ~/MyFiles/Documents/Notes

rm -r ~/MyFiles/Music
5. Create and copy files:

a) Create a new empty file named "todo.txt" inside the "Documents" directory using the "touch"

command.
b) Copy the "todo.txt" file to the "Notes" directory.

touch ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt

cp ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt ~/MyFiles/Documents/Notes/todo.txt
6. View file contents:

a) View the first 5 lines of the "todo.txt" file using the "head" command.

b) View the last 10 lines of the "todo.txt" file using the "tail" command.

nano ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt

# Add 10-20 lines

head -n 5 ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt

tail -n 10 ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt
7. Append content to a file:

a) Add a new task to the "todo.txt" file using the "echo" command and redirect the output to
append

to the file.

echo "New task: Complete exercise 7" >> ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt


8. Search for specific content:

a) Use the "grep" command to search for the word "Gatsby" in the "todo.txt" file.

grep "Gatsby" ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt


9. Move and rename files:

a) Move the "todo.txt" file from the "Documents" directory to the "Notes" directory using the
"mv"

command.
b) Rename the "todo.txt" file in the "Notes" directory to "tasks.txt" using the "mv" command.

mv ~/MyFiles/Documents/todo.txt ~/MyFiles/Documents/Notes/todo.txt

mv ~/MyFiles/Documents/Notes/todo.txt ~/MyFiles/Documents/Notes/tasks.txt
10. Clean up:

a) Remove the "MyFiles" directory and all its contents using the appropriate command.

rm -r ~/MyFiles

Note: An even faster way would be to use: rm -rf ~/MyFiles

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