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    Bernoulli's Equation1

    Uploaded by

    James Laroda Lacea
    This document provides information about Bernoulli differential equations: 1) It defines Bernoulli differential equations as nonlinear differential equations of the form dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)y^n that can be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations. 2) It outlines the steps to solve Bernoulli differential equations: putting the equation into standard form, finding the integrating factor, and using an integral formula to solve for the equation. 3) It works through an example problem of solving the differential equation dy/dx - 2xy/x = 4y using the outlined steps.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Bernoulli's Equation1

    Uploaded by

    James Laroda Lacea
    30 views7 pages
    This document provides information about Bernoulli differential equations: 1) It defines Bernoulli differential equations as nonlinear differential equations of the form dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)y^n that can be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations. 2) It outlines the steps to solve Bernoulli differential equations: putting the equation into standard form, finding the integrating factor, and using an integral formula to solve for the equation. 3) It works through an example problem of solving the differential equation dy/dx - 2xy/x = 4y using the outlined steps.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document provides information about Bernoulli differential equations: 1) It defines Bernoulli differential equations as nonlinear differential equations of the form dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)y^n that can be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations. 2) It outlines the steps to solve Bernoulli differential equations: putting the equation into standard form, finding the integrating factor, and using an integral formula to solve for the equation. 3) It works through an example problem of solving the differential equation dy/dx - 2xy/x = 4y using the outlined steps.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views7 pages

    Bernoulli's Equation1

    Uploaded by

    James Laroda Lacea
    This document provides information about Bernoulli differential equations: 1) It defines Bernoulli differential equations as nonlinear differential equations of the form dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)y^n that can be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations. 2) It outlines the steps to solve Bernoulli differential equations: putting the equation into standard form, finding the integrating factor, and using an integral formula to solve for the equation. 3) It works through an example problem of solving the differential equation dy/dx - 2xy/x = 4y using the outlined steps.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 7

    Differential Equations

    MAT 052

    Prepared by: EMT

    MAT 052 1

    Bernoulli’s Equation

    MAT 052 2

    1
    Learning Objectives:

    At the end of the lesson, students should be


    able to:
    A. Transform a given DE to a possible standard
    form of Bernoulli differential equation
    B. Find the integrating factor for a first ordered
    linear differential equation
    C. Solve a Bernoulli differential equation by the
    use of given or found integrating factor

    MAT 052 3

    Bernoulli’s Equation

    Definition: Bernoulli’s Equation are nonlinear


    DE that can be transformed into linear ODE.
    They have the form:
    dy
    +𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 =𝑄 𝑥 𝑦
    dx
     where 𝑛 is a real number, 𝑛 ≠ 1 or 0.

    MAT 052 4

    2
    Steps:
    𝑀 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
    1. Put the DE into this form: Bernoulli’s
    Equation
    +𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 =𝑄 𝑥 𝑦
    2. Get the integrating factor 𝐼𝐹:
     
    ( ) ∫  ( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒
    3. Use the formula:  

    𝑦( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 1 − 𝑛 𝑄 𝑥 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
     
    MAT 052 5

    Bernoulli’s Equations:

    dy
    +𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 =𝑄 𝑥 𝑦
    dx

     Solution:  
       
    ( ) ( ) ∫  ( ) ∫  ( )
    𝑦 𝑒 = 1−𝑛 𝑄(𝑥)𝑒 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
     

    MAT 052 6

    3
    Solve the DE .
    1. Put the DE into this form: Bernoulli’s Equation
    +𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 =𝑄 𝑥 𝑦

    𝑦 = 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 𝑒
    𝑦 − 𝑦 = −𝑥𝑒 𝑦

    𝑃 𝑥 = −1 𝑄 𝑥 = −𝑥𝑒 𝑛=3

    MAT 052 7

    2. Get the integrating factor 𝐼𝐹: 𝑃 𝑥 = −1


     
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ( ) ∫  ( ) 𝑛=3
     
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 (   ) ∫ 
    = 𝑒   ∫ 
    = 𝑒 ∫ 
    =𝑒

    MAT 052 8

    4
     
    3. Use the formula: 𝑦 ( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 1 − 𝑛 ∫  𝑄 𝑥 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
     

    𝑦( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 1 − 𝑛 𝑄 𝑥 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
       
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒
    ( )
    𝑦 𝑒 = 1−3 𝑥𝑒 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
      𝑄 𝑥 = −𝑥𝑒
     
    𝑦 𝑒 = −2   −𝑥𝑒 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶 𝑛=3
     
    𝑦 𝑒 =2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
    𝑥  
    𝑦 𝑒 =2 +𝐶
    2
    𝑦 𝑒 =𝑥 +𝐶
    𝑦 𝑒 =𝑥 +𝐶 𝑦
    𝑒 =𝑦 𝑥 +𝐶

    MAT 052 9

    Solve the DE
    1. Put the DE into this form: Bernoulli’s Equation
    +𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 =𝑄 𝑥 𝑦

    𝑥 + 6𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
    1
    𝑥 + 6𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0
    −4𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥
    𝑥 6𝑦 𝑑𝑦
    + + =0
    −4𝑥𝑦 −4𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 3
    𝑃 𝑥 =−
    𝑑𝑦 3 𝑥 2𝑥
    − 𝑦− =0 𝑥
    𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 4𝑦
    𝑄 𝑥 =
    𝑑𝑦 3 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 3 𝑥 4
    − 𝑦= ⟹ − 𝑦= 𝑦 𝑛 = −1
    𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 4𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2𝑥 4
    MAT 052 10

    5
    2. Get the integrating factor 𝐼𝐹: 3
      𝑃 𝑥 =−
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒 ( ) ∫  ( ) 2𝑥
     
    𝑛 = −1
    ( ) ∫ 
    𝐼𝐹 = 𝑒  
    ∫ 
    =𝑒  
    ∫ 
    =𝑒
    =𝑒
    =𝑒
    =𝑥

    MAT 052 11

     
    3. Use the formula: 𝑦 ( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 1 − 𝑛 ∫  𝑄 𝑥 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
     

    𝑦( )
    𝐼𝐹 = 1 − 𝑛 𝑄 𝑥 𝐼𝐹 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
       
    𝑥 𝐼𝐹 = 𝑥
    𝑦( )
    𝑥 = 1 − −1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
      4 𝑥
    𝑥   𝑄 𝑥 =
    𝑦 𝑥 =2   𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶 4
    4 𝑛 = −1
    2 
    𝑦 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶
    4
    1  𝑥
    𝑦 𝑥 = +𝐶
    2 −1
    1
    𝑦 𝑥 =− 𝑥 +𝐶
    2
    1
    𝑦 𝑥 =− 𝑥 +𝐶 2𝑥 ⟹ 2𝑦 = −𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥
    2
    MAT 052 12

    6
    2𝑦 = −𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 1
    2 1 =− 1 +𝐶 1
    2 = −1 + 𝐶
    𝐶=3
    2𝑦 = −𝑥 + 𝐶𝑥

    2𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3𝑥
    2𝑦 = 𝑥 3𝑥 − 1

    MAT 052 13

    SQ 1 whole (by pair)

    Solve the following DE:


    a. 𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
    b. 𝑥 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0

    MAT 052 14

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