Chapter 3: Early Education in Calamba & Biñan: First Day in School

CHAPTER 3: EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA & BIÑAN
• The Hero’s First Teacher FIRST DAY IN SCHOOL

• Doña Teodora was Jose’s first non-formal teacher
• On her lap, Jose learned Catholic prayers and the • Maestro Jus@niano Aquino Cruz – formal teacher
La@n alphabet at the age of three • Rizal described Maestro Jus@niano as tall, thin,
long- necked, sharp-nosed, with a body slightly
PRIVATE TUTORS OF RIZAL bent forward
• The school was in Maestro Jus@niano’s house
• Maestro Celes@no was Jose’s first private tutor
• Maestro Lucas Padua was the second private Rizal’s classmate:
tutor
• Maestro Leon Monroy became the hero’s tutor in - Pedro (teacher’s son) whose always making fun
Spanish and La@n. He was a classmate of Don of Jose during his conversa@on with the teacher
Francisco. in the morning.
- Andres Salandan
THE UNCLES OF RIZAL - Jose Guevarra
Uncle Jose Alberto – gave wise direc@on in the studies of FIRST SCHOOL BRAWL
Jose
• Pedro (the teacher’s son) – wrestling
Uncle Gregorio – ins@lled into the mind of Jose the Jose • Andres Salandanan – arm wrestling
Alberto love for educa@on • PAINTING LESSONS IN BIÑAN
• OLD JUANCHO – a painter who gave free lessons
“Work hard and perform every task very carefully; learn in pain@ng and sculpture to Rizal and Jose
to be swiW as well as thorough; be independent in Guevarra. They became appren@ce of Old
thinking; and make visual pictures of everything.” – Uncle Juancho
Gregorio
HIS DAILY LIFE IN BIÑAN
Uncle Manuel Alberto – seeing Jose was frail in nature,
concerned himself with the physical development of his He led a methodical life in Binan, almost Spartan in
nephew simplicity. Such as life contributed much to his future
development. It strengthen his body and soul. Jose is the
He also taught Jose the love for open air and admira@on best student in school. And @me came when he learned
for the beauty of nature all the maestro Jus@niano could teach him, and could be
send in college in Manila. And when he arrived in
JOSE GOES TO BIÑAN Calamba, in his home, they spend their Christmas
together in 1871.
• Don Leon died five months later and Jose was
sent to a private school in Biñan. AWer Christmas Don Francisco thought of sending Jose to
• June 1869 – Jose goes to Biñan with Paciano Manila to study, but before June came, his mother
• Carromata – the mode of transporta@on arrested because of her sister-in-law. The unfaithful wife
• Aunt’s house – where Jose lodged of his brother, Jose Alberto connived with the lieutenant
of the Guardia civil who is also want a revenge to the Rizal
family. They fabricate evidence that Jose Alberto
afempted to poison her, with Dona Teodora as an
accomplice. And Dona Teodora accused, should have
been confine in the Calamba jail.
Daily Life in Biñan Jose’s daily Rou@ne: Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
• Hears mass at 4 a.m. or studies lesson before January 20, 1872 – Cavite mu@ny – On the night of
going to mass January 20, 1872, about 200 Filipino soldiers and
• Goes to orchard to look for mabolo to eat workmen of the Cavite Arsenal under the leadership of
• Breakfast La Madrid, Filipino sergeant rose in violent mu@ny
• Goes to class at 10 a.m. because of the aboli@on of their usual privileges,
• Lunch break including exemp@on from tribute and polo ( forced labor)
• Goes back to school at 2 p.m. by the reac@onary Governor Rafael de Izquierdo.
• Goes home at 5 p.m. Unfortunately, this mu@ny was suppressed two days later
• Prays with cousins by troop reinforcements from Manila.
• Studies lessons, then draws a lifle
February 17, 1872 – Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos
• Has Supper
and Jacinto Zamora were implicated and executed.
• Prays again
• Plays in the street if moon is bright Accordingly, Gom-Bur-Za despite the archbishop’s plea
• Sleeps for clemency because of their innocence, were executed
at sunrise by order of Governor Rafael de Izquierdo. Their
BEST STUDENT IN SCHOOL martyrdom was deeply mourned by the Rizal family and
many other patrio@c family in the Philippines ► The
ñ Jose surpassed his classmates in Spanish, La@n GOMBURZA were leaders of the seculariza@on
and other subjects movement.
ñ His older classmates were jealous and squealed
to the teacher whenever he had fights The GOMBURZA
ñ Jose usually received five or six blows while laid
out on a bench Paciano, enraged by the execu@on of Burgos, his beloved
friend, teacher, and housemate, quit his studies at the
END OF BIÑAN SCHOOLING College of San Jose and returned to Calamba, where he
told the heroic story of Burgos to his younger brother
December 17, 1870 - Jose leW Biñan Jose, who was then nearly 11 years old.
Talim – the steamer that Jose rode The martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za in 1872 truly inspired
Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny and redeem his
Arturo Camps – a Frenchman and a friend of Don oppressed people. Seventeen years later, in his lefer
Francisco, he took care of Jose during the trip
wrifen in Paris, April 18, 1889, to Mariano Ponce, he
said:
“ Without 1872 there would not be now either a Plaridel

or Jaena, or Sanciangco, nor would there exist brave and
generous Filipino colonies in Europe; without 1872 Rizal
would be a Jesuit now and, instead of wri@ng Noli Me
Tangere, would have wrifen the opposite. At the sight of
those injus@ces and cruel@es while s@ll a child my
imagina@on was awakened and I swore to devote myself
to avenge one day so many vic@ms and with the idea in
mind I have been studying, and this can be read in all my
works and wri@ngs. God will someday give me an
opportunity to carry out a promise.
In 1891, Rizal dedicated his second novel El

Filibusterismo to GOMBURZA.
Injus:ce to the Hero’s Mother
• In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested on a

malicious charge that she aided his brother Jose
Alberto in trying to poison his wife.
• Jose Alberto planned to divorce his wife because
of her infidelity
• Jose Alberto’s wife connived with the Spanish
lieutenant of the Guardia Civil and filed a case
against Rizal’s mother
• Antonio Vivencio del Rosario – gobernadorcillo
of Calamba, helped the lieutenant arrest Doña
Teodora
• 50 kilometers – Doña Teodora was made to walk
from Calamba to the provincial prison in Santa
Cruz
• Don Francisco de Marcaida & Don Manuel
Mazano – most famous lawyers of Manila,
defended Doña Teodora in court
• AWer 2 ½ years – the Manila Royal Audiencia
(supreme court) acquifed Doña Teodora
• Later, Rizal learned that her mother got sick in
her cell without proper treatment given. All
these gave Jose Rizal heartaches and
determina@on to avenge the cruel@es his family
had suffered.

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Chapter 3: Early Education in Calamba & Biñan: First Day in School

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CHAPTER 3: EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA & BIÑAN

• The Hero’s First Teacher FIRST DAY IN SCHOOL

Daily Life in Biñan Jose’s daily Rou@ne: Martyrdom of GOMBURZA

“ Without 1872 there would not be now either a Plaridel

In 1891, Rizal dedicated his second novel El

Injus:ce to the Hero’s Mother

• In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested on a

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