General Standard For Qualification and Certification of Welding Inspection Personnel

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भारतीय मानक IS 18224 : 2023
Indian Standard
वेल्डगिं लिरीक्षण कलमियों की योग्यता और

प्रमाणि के लिए सामान्य
मािक
General Standard for Qualification

and Certification of Welding
Inspection Personnel
ICS 25.160.10; 19.100
 BIS 2023
भारतीय मानक ब्यरू ो

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
मानक भवन, 9 बहादरु शाह ज़फर मार्ग, नई ददल्ली - 110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI - 110002
www.bis.gov.in www.standardsbis.in
May 2023 Price Group 9

Welding General and Lts Applications Sectional Committee, MTD 11
FOREWORD
This Indian standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Welding
General and its Applications Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgical Engineering Division
Council.
The effectiveness of any inspection depends upon the capabilities of the persons who are responsible for, and
perform the inspection. This specification has been developed to providea means for evaluating and documenting
the competence of the personnel whose duties require adequate theoretical and practical knowledge of welding,
applicable codes and standards, the NDT tests they witness, monitor or evaluate.
Most of the fabrication and inspection codes insist that only qualified and certified personnel are employed to
carry out mandatory welding inspection jobs at various levels. Therefore, it isthe responsibility of the manufacturer
and/or the employer to properly train and certify his welding inspection personnel.
This standard defines the requirements and program for the National Certifying Body to certify welding
inspectors. The certification of welding inspectors requires documentation of experience, satisfactory completion
of an examination, and proof of visual acuity. The examination tests the inspector’s knowledge of welding
processes, welding procedures, non- destructive examinations, destructive tests, terms, definitions, symbols,
reports, welding metallurgy, related mathematics, safety, quality assurance, and responsibilities.
In drafting the specification, assistance has been derived from the following:
IS 13085 : 2004 General standard for Qualification and Certification of Non-Destructive Testing Personnel
— Specification
ISO 9712 : 1999 Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel
AWS QC1 : 2016 Specification for AWS Certification of Welding Inspectors
AWS B5.1 : 2013 Specification for the Qualification of Welding Inspectors
The composition of the committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is listed in Annex E.
In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, is to be rounded off, it shall be
done in accordance with IS 2 : 2022 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (second revision)’. The number of
significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this
standard.
vadodara(dkpandey.sew@rediffmail.com) 111.93.65.146 [for non-commercial useISonly].18224 : 2023
Indian Standard
GENERAL STANDARD FOR QUALIFICATION AND
CERTIFICATION OF WELDING INSPECTION PERSONNEL
1 SCOPE the authorized qualifying body, where qualification
examination will be carried out.
This standard establishes a system for the
qualification and certification of personnel to 3.1.9 Examiner  A person qualified and
perform industrial welding inspection. authorized by the certification body is to conduct
and grade welding inspection qualification
2 REFERENCES
examinations.
The standards given in Annex D contain provisions
which, through reference in this text, constitute NOTE — No person shall be the examiner for any
provisions of this standard. At the time of candidate he has personally trained for that examination.
publication, the editions indicated were valid. All 3.1.10 Experience  The period during which the
standards are subject to revision, and parties to candidate performed the welding fabrication/
agreement based on this standard are encouraged to inspection as his main activity under qualified
investigate the possibility of applying the most supervision including personal application of
recent editions of the standards indicated in different inspection techniques to materials, parts or
Annex D. structures. It does not include practical performed
3 TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATION during training courses.
3.1.11 National Certifying Body  The agency that
3.1 For the purpose of this standard, the following
administers procedures for certification of welding
definition shall apply:
inspection personnel according to the requirements
3.1.1 Authorization  A permission to work issued of this standard conducts exams and issues
by the employer or responsible agency based on the certificate to successful inspectors.
individual’s suitability for a specific job, in addition 3.1.12 Welding Inspection Training  A process of
to the certification, amongstother’s the job specific instruction in theory and practice of welding
knowledge, skill and physical ability could be inspection commensurate to the level in which the
assessed. certification is being sought. This may take the form
3.1.2 Authorized Qualifying Body  Competent of training courses to an approved syllabus and
organization, independent of the employer or periods of practical work under qualified
responsible agency, approved by the certification supervision.
body to prepare and administer welding inspection 3.1.13 Operating Authorization  Permission to
training to qualify welding inspection personnel. work, issued by the employer or responsible agency
3.1.3 Basic Education  Minimum formal and based on the individual's suitability for a specific
academic education required for qualification. It job.
may be used to determine duration and level of 3.1.14 Qualifying Examination  An examination
training and experience required to be eligible for administered by the national certifying body to
certification in welding inspection. assess the knowledge and competence of the
candidate. Examination includes a written and a
3.1.4 Candidate  The individual seeking practical part commensurate to the levels along with
certification in accordance with this standard. a viva voce. The candidate should be able to
3.1 5 Certification  The procedures leading to a demonstrate appropriate level of knowledge and
written testimony of the qualification of an skill in welding inspection. Details of the theoretical
individual’s level of competence to perform the and practical knowledge and competency
tasks associated with welding inspection. requirements along with examination procedure and
requirements for each of the three levels are given in
3.1.6 Certificate  Written testimony of
Annex A.
qualification by authorized qualification body as per
the provisions of this standard. 3.1.15 Qualification  A set of pre-defined
academic achievements from a recognized
3.1.7 Employer or Responsible Agency  The
institution which is pre-requisite to apply for
organization for which the candidate works on a
welding inspector certificate and essential to
regular basis. Candidate may be self-employed.
perform welding inspection tasks. The scale of
3.1.8 Examination Center  Center approved by the achievements required varies with the level of
national certifying body, either directly or through certification sought.
1
vadodara(dkpandey.sew@rediffmail.com)
IS 18224 : 2023 111.93.65.146 [for non-commercial use only].
3.1.16 Significant Interruption  Absence or a m) Comment on and review the quality

change of activity which prevents the certified control documents namely, QAPs, WPSs,
individual from practicing the duties corresponding PQRs,WPQs, MTCs, DT and NDT reports;
to his level for a continuous period exceeding one n) Carry out inspection of welded fabrications
year. before, during and after welding including
3.1.17 Supervision  Act of directing the welding dimensional inspection PMI and PWHT as
inspection activities performed by other welding per the requirements of relevant standards;
inspection personnel which include and control all and
operations pertaining to welding inspection. p) Communicate effectively orally and written
and prepare reports.
3.1.18 Test Specimen  Specimen used in practical
examinations. Details of the theoretical and practical knowledge
and competency requirements along with
3.2 Abbreviation examination procedure and requirements for each of
For the purpose of this standard, the abbreviation the three levels are given in Annex A and Annex B
having the meaning indicated against each isgiven in respectively.
Annex C, other abbreviation used in this standard 5 FUNCTIONS
have been fully expressed at its first occurrence.
5.1 Basic Level (NWIC — Basic)
4 LEVELS OF COMPETENCE
The candidate should be able to independently carry
4.1 Classification out before, during and post-weld visual inspection
and dimensional checks of weldments against
An individual certified in accordance with this
specification requirements and drawings.
standard shall be classified in one of the three levels
depending upon his respective level of competence. The person should also be able to carry out the
One who has not yet attained certification may be following functions under the supervision of a
registered as a trainee: welding inspector  standard level or welding
inspector  advanced level.
a) Basic level (NWIC  Basic) — Code:
CWIB; a) Understand the application of various
standards, codes, specifications, welding
b) Standard level (NWIC — Standard) —
symbols, drawings, WPS and
Code: CWIS; and
statutory/regulatory requirements;
c) Advanced level (NWIC — Advanced) —
b) Verify the compliance of raw materials
Code: CWIA.
and consumables, certificates against the
4.2 Required Competence applicable standards, codes and
specifications;
The candidate should be able to demonstrate
appropriate level of knowledge and skill in c) Verify that joint dimensions, edge
welding inspection covering the following: preparation, fit up, welding equipment and
weld preparations are in accordance with the
a) Codes and standards; drawings, standards and process
b) Raw material, control and traceability; requirements;
c) Knowledge of materials and their d) Verify the compliance of pre-heat
behaviour during welding; procedures against the applicable standards;
d) Conventional welding and cutting e) To carry out in-process surveillance during
processes and equipment; welding to verify compliance with specified
e) Safety practices during welding and procedure including pre-heat, welding
cutting; parameters, inter-pass temperature control
and any post-heat requirements; and
f) Conventional DT and NDT methods
including integrity testing; f) Understand and ensure compliance of
applicable safety requirements.
g) Joint types, welding positions and welding
symbols; 5.2 Standard level (NWICS  Standard)
h) Welding qualification  procedure and The candidate should be able to supervise activities
performance; of welding inspectors  basic level as given in 5.1.
j) Detection and interpretation of Besides, he should be able to independently carry
discontinuities through VT and PT; out the following functions:
k) Interpretation and evaluation of RT and UT a) All functions carried out by a welding
reports; inspector  basic level as given in 5.1;
2
b) Develop, comment and review quality processes, steels, aluminium alloys, etc);
control plans and inspection and testing e) Write welding procedures specifications
plans based on product standards, codes, and welder performance qualification;
specifications, drawings and
f) Prepare visual inspection, NDT and
statutory/regulatory requirements;
destructive testing requirements;
c) Review welding procedures (WPS) for
g) Identification of weld defects and
compliance with code and contract
determination of their acceptability
requirements and verify welding procedure
including radiographic film interpretation
qualification (WPQR) compliance;
for carbon, low alloy and stainless steels;
d) Witness procedure qualification test
h) Final acceptance and certification that all
including testing of specimen and verify
requirements specified for the weldment
compliance with WPQRs, WPSs and
have been met;
welders qualification against applicable
standards for conventional welding j) Prepare welding inspection quality
processes. (For example, arc welding assurance plans, audit and surveillance
processes, steels, aluminium alloys etc); plans alongwith documentation and control
requirements;
e) Verify the compliance of PWHT
procedures against the applicable k) Maintenance of comprehensive inspection
standards; reports;
f) Verify NDT procedure compliance; m) Training and evaluation of welding
inspectors — Standard level; and
g) Take decisions on acceptance of quality
documents related to welded fabrication n) Provide technical leadership and guidance
(for example, NDT, material testing, to team of welding inspectors.
production testing, etc);
h) Take decisions based on quality 6 REQUIRED CODE OF CONDUCT
documents (For example, NDT, material 6.1 Considering the importance of quality of welded
testing,production testing, etc) according to fabrication and also the consequences of its failure
the requirements defined for the to individual life and society, the candidate should
construction; act with complete integrity and in a professional
j) Implement weld inspection quality manner in welding inspection and acceptance of the
assurance plans; final product.
k) Evaluation and acceptance of welded 6.2 Undertake and perform welding inspection
fabrication on the basis of DT and NDT
assignments only when qualified/certified to do so.
testreports;
m) Conduct surveillance and audit of suppliers 6.3 The candidate should behave in a professional
and vendors; and disciplined manner which will not affect the
n) Report on all the above actions; and safety and security of his fellow members associated
in the manufacturing of the final product.
p) Training and evaluation of welding
inspectors — basic level. 6.4 The candidates behaviour towards his/her
superiors, peers and sub-ordinates should be in line
5.3 Advanced level (NWIC — Advanced) with protocol of organization.
Supervise the activities of welding inspectors 
6.5 The candidates shall avoid any conflict of
basic as given in 5.1. Besides, he should be able to
interest with the employer or the client and shall not
independently carry out the following functions:
disclose any business association or circumstance
a) All functions carried out by a welding that might be so considered.
inspector  Basic and standard level as
given in 5.1 and 5.2 respectively; 7 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
CERTIFICATION
b) Verify base material and filler material
compatibility; 7.1 Administration
c) Witness procedure qualification test The certification activity that includes all procedures
including testing of specimen and verify adopted to demonstrate the qualification of an
compliance with WPQRs, WPSs; individual to carry out tasks in a specific level of
d) Conduct welders’ qualification tests and welding inspection and leads to a written testimony
qualify the same against applicable of his competence shall be administered by the
standards for conventional welding national certifying body with the assistance, where
processes. (For example, arc welding necessary, of duly authorized qualifying bodies.
3
7.2 National Certifying Body (NCB) to successful candidates and renew/recertify

candidates as appropriate; and
The national certifying body shall be a professional
body having suitable competence in the area of n) Shall develop and maintain a quality manual
welding inspection and accredited by national which shall outline the quality policy and
accreditation board for certifying bodies of QCI in objectives of NCB and also detail/document
compliance to IS/ISO/IEC 17024 as a certification the procedure methodology including
body for personnel. implementation.
7.2.1 Composition 7.3 Employer or Responsible Agency
The national certifying body shall include eminent Employer or responsible agency shall introduce the
representatives from academic institutes, research candidate to the national certifying body and
center, industries, government nodal ministries, document the validity of the personal information
public sector undertakings, private sector, other provided including the declaration of education,
related societies or institutes, insurance bodies, third training and experience used to establish eligibility
party inspection agencies including classification of the candidate, but shall not be directly involved in
societies as appropriate. The NCB shall establish in the certification procedure itself. The employer or
writing the number of members in the body and responsible agency shall be fully responsible for all
their tenure. The body shall submit its report at least that concerns the authorization to operate and the
once in a year to the body forming authority. validity of the welding inspection certificate. The
employer shall also ensure that the annual vision
7.2.2 Responsibilities acuity requirements of 8.3 are met and verify the
The national certifying body shall execute the continuity in welding inspection without significant
following responsibilities: interruption.
NOTE — If the individual is self-employed, he shall assume
a) Shall initiate, maintain and promote the all responsibilities described for the employer or
national certification scheme according to responsible agency, and shall be required to provide
this standard; additional documentation to support claims for experience
and training.
b) Shall administer the procedures and
operation for certification in accordance 7.4 Examination Centers
with the documents;
7.4.1 Examination centers approved by the national
c) Shall prescribe an obligatory code of certifying body shall have following minimum
ethics including options which shall apply requirements.
to committee members and certificate
holders; a) Have adequate qualified staff, premises and
equipment as decided by national certifying
d) May delegate, under its direct responsibility,
body to ensure satisfactory qualification
the detailed administration of the
examinations for the levels;
certification procedure to other
organizations which will act as qualifying b) Use only those documents and examination
bodies and which could represent industrial questionnaires established or approved by
sectors; the national certifying body; and
e) Shall take the ultimate responsibility for the c) Use only specimens prepared or approved
certification scheme including technical and by the national certifying body for the
administrative requirement; practical examinations conducted at that
center. Apply a documented quality
f) Shall approve properly staffed and equipped
procedure outlined in quality manual.
examination centers, which it shall monitor
on a periodic basis; NOTE — When more than one authorized examination
center exists, each should have specimens containing
g) Shall keep all appropriate records and issue comparable defects, duly approved by NCB. The
or delegate the issuing of the written examination specimens shall not be used for training
testimonies; purpose under any circumstances.
h) Shall identify the examiners to start the 7.4.2 An examination center can be situated at
scheme; employer's premises. In this case, examinations shall
j) Shall approve training agencies in welding be conducted only in the presence of and under the
inspection techniques; control of an authorized representative of the
certification body.
k) Shall prepare an updated question bank for
examinations and also maintain the set of 7.5 Authorized Examiner
practical examination kits;
The examiner shall be authorized by the national
m) Shall conduct examination, issue certificate certifying body to conduct the qualifying
4
examination and grade the examinee. The examiner and physical characteristics of different
shall be technically qualified and knowledgeable as base metals used in welding such as steel,
detailed below to carry out the functions. stainless steel and aluminium;
7.5.1 Qualifications and Experience j) Should be familiar with:
1) Weld joint edge geometry checking;
7.5.1.1 Essential
2) Weld joint fit up checking; and
a) Degree/Diploma/Licentiate in
3) Weld joint cleanliness checking.
mechanical/electrical/metallurgy/chemical
/welding technology/AMIIW (Associate k) Should be familiar with weld joint
Member of Indian Institute of Welding); inspection:
and 1) Before start of welding;
b) Minimum 10 years of experience in 2) During welding; and
welding inspection field in a fabrication 3) After welding;
industry of inspection agency.
m) Should be conversant with dimensional
or accuracy of completed weldment as:
International welding engineer-qualification with 8 1) Desirable fillet weld profile;
years’ experience in the field of welding. 2) Unacceptable fillet weld profile;
3) Desirable groove weld profile; and
7.5.1.2 Desirable
4) Unacceptable groove weld profile.
a) Level-II qualification in RI, UT, PT, VT,
n) Should be able to check final weld sizes
MT in accordance with IS 13805/SNT –
and length;
TC-1A and DT; or
p) Should be able to physically check the
b) Experience in working in a reputed
quality of filler wires and electrodes used
laboratory in destructive or non-destructive
in welding;
testing and inspection of weld joints.
q) Should be conversant with different types
7.5.1.3 Professional Experience of weld defects that occur during welding;
a) Should have wide theoretical and practical r) Should have knowledge of different
knowledge of different welding process destructive and non-destructive tests to be
and basic aspects of welding technology as conducted during welding and defect
inspector; interpretations namely tensile test, bend
b) Should be familiar with practical operation test (weld root, weld face and weld side);
of the following welding processes: s) Should be able to interpret radiography
1) Basic gas welding; testing, ultrasonic testing, dye penetrant
testing, magnetic particle testing reports;
2) Basic arc welding;
and
3) Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding;
t) Should have knowledge of WPS and PQR
4) Metal active gas (MAG/CO2) welding; and accordingly carry out certification
5) Pipe welding (TIG + ARC); and tests.
6) Gas cutting. 7.5.2 Physical Attributes
c) Should be familiar with the different a) The candidates eyesight corrected with
welding machines related to above glasses should be adequate for meeting the
processes; requirements for visual testing and
d) Should have knowledge of drawings and radiographic testing as per code
various national and international requirements; and
codes/standards and should have b) He should not have any optical disabilities
knowledge of different welding symbols like colour blindness or night blindness.
being used in fabrication welding;
8 ELIGIBILITY FOR EXAMINATION
e) Should have basic idea of gas cutting and
8.1 General
brazing process;
To be eligible for certification, the candidate shall
f) Should have basic idea of preheat and post
submit a formal application along with documented
weld heat treatment;
evidence acceptable to the certification body
g) Should be familiar with different types of regarding the minimum education and welding
weld joints and weld positions; related experience (fabrication or inspection) and
h) Should be conversant with the chemistry proof of vision acuity level.
5
8.2 Education and Experience that educational qualifications in combination with

experience commensurate to the level of
To be eligible for examination, the application shall
certification applied for as indicated in Table 1 to
be accepted by the certifying body after verifying
Table 3.
Table 1 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC ― Basic Level

(Clause 8.2)
Sl No. Educational Qualification Experience
(1) (2) (3)

i) Class VIII 5 years industrial experience out of which 3 years
in welding area/inspection/NDT of welds
ii) Class X (with science and math)/ITI (mechanical) 3 years industrial experience out of which 2 years
in welding area/inspection/NDT of welds
iii) Class XII/IWS/IWIP(B) diploma or any 2 years industrial experience out of which 1 year
equivalent welding Inspectors course in welding technology/inspection/NDT of welds
iv) MSc/BE/IWE/BSc/Diploma in 6 months industrial experience in welding

engineering/IWT/IWIP(S) diploma or technology/inspection/NDT of welds, desirable
equivalent welding inspectors course but not essential
Table 2 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC — Standard Level

(Clause 8.2)
(1) (2) (3)

i) Class VIII 8 years industrial experience out of which 5
years in welding area/inspection/NDT of welds
ii) Class X (with science and math)/ITI (mechanical) 5 years industrial experience out of which 3
years in welding area/inspection/NDT of welds
iii) Class XII/IWS/NWICS – B/IWIP(B) diploma or 3 years industrial experience out of which 2
equivalent weldingInspectors course years in welding technology/inspection/NDT
of welds
iv) BSc/Diploma in Engineering/IWT, IWIP (S) 2 years industrial experience in welding
diploma technology/inspection/NDT of welds
v) MSc/BE/IWE 1 year industrial experience in welding
technology/inspection/NDT of welds
6
Table 3 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC ― Advanced Level

(Clause 8.2)
(1) (2) (3)
i) Class X (with science and math)/ITI 10 years industrial experience out of which 5 years
(mechanical) in welding area/inspection/NDT of welds
ii) IWS/IWIP(S)/Class XII (with science and 5 years industrial experience out of which 3 years
mathematics) in welding technology/inspection/NDT of welds
iii) BSc/Diploma in engineering/IWT 3 years industrial experience out of which 2 years
in welding technology/inspection/NDT of welds
iv) MSc/BE/IWE/IWIP (C) 2 years industrial experience out of which 1 year
in welding technology/inspection/NDT of welds
NOTE — For applying in NWIC  Advanced level, the candidate must possess NWIC  Standard level or equivalent
certification.
8.3 Vision Requirements — The candidate should complexity and scope to adequately verify the
also possess the following minimum standard of candidate’s competence to identify and report
vision acuity level certified by a registered welding imperfections.
ophthalmologist/ optometrist/ eye specialist:
9.1.3 Viva Voce
a) Near vision  Jaeger J2 or better with
Each candidate has to undergo a viva voce where his
correction (not more than 12 months old);
level of understanding on welding inspection in real
b) Colour vision  As per ISHARAS chart fabrication situation is adjudged.
(not more than 12 months old); and
9.2 Conduct of Examination
c) Subsequent to certification, the tests of
visual acuity shall be carried out annually 9.2.1 Examinations including both written and
and be verified by the employer or the practical tests shall be conducted in examination
responsible agency. centers approved and monitored by the national
certifying body directly.
9 QUALIFICATION EXAMINATIONS —
CONTENT AND GRADING 9.2.2 At the examination, the candidate shall have in
his possession a valid proof of identification and an
9.1 Qualification Examinations official notification of the examination, which must
Examinations administered under this standard shall be shown to the examiner or invigilator on request.
consist of written part and a practical part followed Any candidate who does not abide by the
by a viva voice. Details of competence and examination rules during the course of the
knowledge requirements to appear in qualifying examination or who perpetrates or is an accessory to
examination are given in Annex A. The question fraudulent conduct will be excluded from further
pattern for both theory and practical is given in participation.
Annex B. 9.2.3 The written and practical tests should be
9.1.1 Written Examination Content conducted and supervised by an authorized
examiner designated by the national certifying body.
The written examination tests the inspector’s The examiner may be assisted by one or more
knowledge of welding processes, welding invigilators placed under his responsibility.
procedures, non-destructive examinations,
destructive tests, terms, definitions, symbols, 9.2.4 The examiner shall mark the written tests
reports, welding metallurgy, related mathematics, completed by the candidate. He shall judge and mark
safety, quality assurance, and responsibilities. The the results of the practical tests according to a
questions are to be selected, commensurate to the procedure which includes at least ten check points.
level, from the national certifying body’s collection This procedure shall be developed by the national
of basic knowledge questions valid at the date of certifying body.
examination. 9.2.5 A candidate for a practical examination may
9.1.2 Practical Examination Content use his own apparatus. The examiner should
investigate the reliability of the test apparatus made
The practical part shall be of sufficient duration,
7
available to the candidate, and unreliable apparatus 10.2 Certificates and Wallet Cards
should be replaced as well as any apparatus that
Certificates and wallet cards and corresponding
may be rendered unserviceable during the course of
wallet cards shall bear:
the examination. Any item of apparatus brought by
a candidate that is unreliable or rendered a) Full name of the certified individual;
unserviceable during the examination should be b) Date of certification;
replaced by the candidate/course organizer.
c) Date upon which certification expires;
9.3 Grading d) Level of certification;
To be certified, the candidate shall score at least 65 e) A unique identification number;
percent each in written, practical and viva voce tests. f) Signature of the certified individual;
Weightage of written, practical and viva voce tests
g) A photograph of the certified individual;
will be 40, 40 and 20 respectively and a candidate
has to secure minimum 70 percent in weighted h) Seal of the national certifying body
average to be declared as Pass. cancelling the photograph to avoid
falsification; and
9.4 Re-examination
j) Signature, on the certificate, of a
9.4.1 Failed Candidates designated representative of the national
certifying body.
If a candidate fails to secure the qualifying marks as
indicated above, he will get two more chances to NOTE — By issuing the certificate and/or the
reappear and clear it within next 2 years from the corresponding wallet card, the national certifying
body attests to the qualification of the individual but
date of appearing in first exam. Based on the marks does not give any authority to operate. There may be
obtained and self-assessment, he/she is free to a special space on both the certificate and the wallet
decide in which part(s) he/she will reappear and card for the signature of the employer or responsible
submit re-examination fees accordingly. At the end agency authorizing the holder of the certificate to
operate and taking responsibility for test results. This
of each attempt, the candidate will be evaluated, authorization also serves as testimony of activity of
taking the best of the available results in each part, the certified individual.
and result communicated. However, after appearing
thrice (one regular and two re-exams) if a candidate 10.3 Validity
can’t meet the pass criteria, he/she will be declared The period of validity of the certificate shall be five
fail. In that case, he has to repeat the full qualifying years from the date of certification indicated on the
examination. certificate and/or wallet card. Certification shall be
invalid if:
9.4.2 Unethical Practices
a) The individual becomes physically
A candidate failing for reasons of unethical behavior incapable of performing his duties or a
during examination or whose certificate has been significant interruption takes place in the
annulled by the national certifying body for individual’s work within the scope of the
unethical practices during welding inspection will certificate; and
be debarred for sitting in the examination for
b) The individual fails to meet the vision
12 months from the date of commencement of the
acuity requirements mentioned in 8.3.
first examination/withdrawal of certificate as the
case may be. After the lapse of the period, he/she NOTE — A significant interruption means an absence
may apply as a fresh candidate. or a change of activity which prevents the certified
individual from practicing the duties corresponding to
9.4.2.1 In case a candidate is caught for the second his level for which he is certified, for a continuous
period exceeding one year. If the criteria for renewal
time for the unethical practices, he/she will are not met, the individual shall apply for
permanently debarred from appearing in the recertification.
certification exam and viva voce conducted through
any national certifying body. 10.4 Renewal of Certificate
10.4.1 After the period of validity, certification may
10 CERTIFICATION be renewed by the national certifying body for an
10.1 Administration additional period of five years from the date of
expiry provided the individual apply for the same in
Based on the results of the qualification prescribed form and meets the following criteria:
examination, the national certifying body shall
announce the certification and issue certificates and a) Provides evidence of continued
corresponding wallet cards to the successful satisfactory work activity without
candidates. significant interruption; and
8
b) Reaffirmation of the ‘Code of Conduct’ as Re-certification may involve written test, practical
prescribed in 6. test and viva voce to be decided by national
certifying body based on the evidence of continued
10.4.2 Application for renewal can be made
satisfactory work activity without significant
6 months before to 6 months after the expiry of
interruption provided by the candidate in the
validity of original certificate.
prescribed form; and
10.4.3 Renewal will be made effective from the
a) Reaffirmation of the ‘Code of Ethics’ as
expiry of validity of original certificate.
prescribed in the NCB quality manual.
10.5 Annulment of Qualification
10.6.2 Application for re-certification can be made
Annulment of qualification to the candidates shall 6 months before to 6 months after the expiry of
be considered by the national certifyingbody validity of renewal certificate.
based on the following criteria:
10.6.3 Re-certification will be made effective from
a) Effective period expired for more than the expiry of validity of renewal certificate.
6 months with no application made for
11 FILES
qualification continuation;
b) Certificate holder is seized with a serious The national certifying body bodies shall maintain
disorder either mental or physical; the followings either in hard copy form or ‘Read
Only’ digitized (electronic) form:
c) A serious fault has been committed by the
certificate holder in his/her qualification a) An updated list of all certified individuals
related work at the opinion of the national classified according to level; and
certifying body after reviewing evidence of b) Files containing following papers for each
unethical behavior; and individual who have appeared in the
d) Certificate holder has injured the national certifying examination.
certifying body’s reputation or conducted 1) Application forms;
against the purpose of the national certifying
2) Examination documents, including
body.
questionnaires, answers, description of
10.6 Re-Certification specimens, records, results of test and
grade sheets;
10.6.1 Re-certification is required after one renewal
or 10 years whichever is less. The candidate has to 3) Renewal documents, including
apply for the same in prescribed form. This is evidence of physical condition and
required after one renewal that is 10 years after continuous activity; and
original certification or if the certificate becomes 4) Reasons and penalty for any
invalid due to any reasons like significant withdrawal of certification.
interruption, loss of vision acuity, suspension of NOTE — Files shall be kept under suitable
certificate due to established unethical practices etc. conditions of safety and confidentiality for at
The holder is required to apply to national certifying least 2 years after validity of certification has
body by using prescribed form. He/she may also lapsed.
apply for up-gradation of his/her level also during
re-certification.
9
ANNEX A
(Clause 3.1.14, 4.2 and 9.1)
WELDING INSPECTOR'S KNOWLEDGE AND COMPETENCY REQUIREMENTS
Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

i) Role and responsibilities of a welding inspector
a) Preparation and reviewing of controlling documents X
Example:
Quality assurance plan (QAP), inspection and test plan(ITP)
b) Review, comment and witnessing of welding procedureand X X
performance qualification
c) Verification of calibration of equipment and instruments X X X
d) Witnessing of NDT inspection activities X X X
e) Verification of all stage inspection activities duringfabrication X X X
f) Review of NDT inspection reports and activities X X
g) Verification of NDE and welder’s qualification andcertification X X
records
h) Interacting with other departments to ensure fabricated components X

ii) Welding inspectors check list
Inspection documents and reports to be prepared reviewed and X X
approved by the welding inspector during various stage of
fabrication, in line with approved QAP/ ITP such as liquid penetrant
a) test (LPT) report, raw material inspection report, WPS, PQR, WPQ,
pneumatic test report etc.
iii) Quality assurance of welds
a) Elements of quality management System (QMS) anddefinition X X X
b) Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials as X X

per IS 15326 (all parts)
c) Quality assurance plan – Preparation and review X X

iv) Raw materials control and traceability and welding consumables
a) Relevant product forms, for example plate, pipe, forgings and X X X
castings and their relevant ASTM standards for carbon steel (CS),
stainless steel (SS), Al and Ni alloys.
b) MSTP (Material sampling and test plan) X X X

c) Welding consumables selection and Testing X X X
d) Material traceability mechanisms X X X
e) Material storage  PMI (Portable material identification) X X X
v) Metallurgy and weldability of steels
10
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

a) Phases in steel, iron-carbon (Fe–C) and continuous cooling X X X
transformation (CCT) diagrams
b) Hardenability and weldability of steels X X X
c) Carbon  Manganese steels and concept of carbonequivalence X X
(C.E)
d) Low alloy steels for low temperature, high temperatureand high X
tensile service and their weldability
e) Austenitic, ferritic, martensitic and duplex stainless steels and their X
weldability
vi) Metallurgy and weldability of non-ferrous metals andalloys
a) Aluminium and Al alloys X
b) Nickel and Ni alloys X
vii) Welding and cutting processes
a) Oxy-fuel, plasma and laser cutting processes X X X
b) Water  jet and abrasive cutting X X
c) Submerged metal Arc welding (SMAW), gas metal arc welding X X
(GMAW), flux-cored arc welding (FCAW), gas tungsten arc
welding (GTAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW) processes
d) Resistance welding processes X X X

e) Arc welding power sources  Transformer, generator,thyristor and X X X
invertor
f) Selection of power sources, AC / DC importance ofpolarity X X X
g) Advanced welding and Brazing processes X X
h) Introduction to welding automation X X
viii) Dissimilar welding, repair welding and PWHT
a) Problems in dissimilar welding X X
b) Selection of consumables in dissimilar welding X X X
c) PWHT  Temperature, soaking time, heating and cooling rate, X X
uniformity of temperature
d) Calibration of furnace, thermo-couples and recorders X X
e) Stress relieving and solution annealing X X
f) Surfacing and Repair welding  preparation of work piece for X X
repair, WPS for repair.
ix) Weld defects including distortion in welds
a) Classification of weld defects X X X
b) Process related and metallurgy related defects X X X
c) Causes and remedies X X
d) Distortion and residual stress control during design and during and X X
after fabrication
11
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

x) Quality levels for welds and Weld Quality Standards
a) Classification and definition of weld defects as per IS 10793 (Part 1) X X X
b) Quality levels for Arc welded joints in steel as per ISO 5817 X X X
Welding — Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their
alloys (beam welding excluded) — Quality levels for imperfections
c) Relevant API 1104 welding of pipelines and related facilities X X X

standard for welding of pipe line and related facilities and structural
steel welding code in compliance with AWS D 1.1 structural steel
welding code
xi) Welding joints, symbols and positions
a) Weld joints and welding symbols IS 813 (all Parts) and AWS D 1.1 X X X
structural steel welding code
b) Welding positions as per AWS D 1.1 structural steel Welding code X X X
and ISO 6947 welding and allied processes — welding positions
xii) Codes and standards
a) Need for codes and standards X X X
b) Difference between code, standard, specification and procedure X X X
c) Welding Codes  ASME BPVC section IX welding, brazing and X X
fusing qualification, ISO 15609 (all parts) Specification and
X
qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials —
welding procedure specification, ISO 15614 (all parts) Specification
and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials —
welding procedure test, IS 7310 (all parts) and Indian Boiler
Regulation (IBR) 608 and 609
xiii) Welding qualification  procedure and performance
a) Consumables qualification X X
b) Welding procedure specification X X
c) Essential, non-essential and special essential variables X X
d) Formats  WPS, PQR and WPQ X X
e) Qualification ranges X X
f) Destructive and non-destructive testing of samples. X X
xiv) Metrology
a) Nomenclature of butt and fillet welds X X X
b) Measurement of butt and fillet welds X X X
c) Weld inspection tools  Weld inspection gauges, fillet gauges X X X
d) Techniques for measurement of distortion X X X
xv) Introduction to NDT of Welds
a) What is NDT and need for NDT X X X
b) Classification of NDT techniques X X X
c) Different NDT modalities and applications X X X
12
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

xvi) Visual Inspection (VI) Theory
a) Basic visual inspection X X X
b) Visual inspection aids X X X
c) VI report format X X X
d) Codes and standards for Visual inspection X X X
xvii) Liquid penetrant test (LPT) and Magnetic particle test (MPT)
Theory
a) Basic and principles of LPT and MPT X X
b) Equipment and classification X X
c) Report formats X X
d) Limitations and advantages X X
e) Sensitivity X X
f) Codes and standards X X
xviii) RT theory
a) Basics and principles X X
b) Equipment and sources X X
c) Film X X
d) Radiographic techniques X X
e) Radiographic quality  Image quality indicator (IQI) and density X X
f) Advances in radiography  Digital radiography (DR), computed X X
radiology (CR) and micro focal
g) Codes and standards X X
h) Advantages and limitations X X
xix) RT film interpretation
a) Viewing radiographic films with different defects X
b) identification of different defects X
c) Demonstration of density X
d) Selection of IQI X
e) Artefacts X
xx) UT theory
a) Basics and principles X X
b) Equipment, transducers and couplant X X
c) Normal and angle beam inspection X X
d) Factors affecting probability of detection (POD) – Beam skewing X X
e) Sizing of discontinuities X X
f) Advantages and limitations X X
g) Codes and standards X X
13
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

h) UT report formats X X
xxi) Destructive testing of welds
a) Tensile testing  Longitudinal and transverse X X
b) Bend tests  Root, face and side X X
c) Impact testing  Room temp and low temp X X
d) Fillet Test  Macro and Fracture X X
e) Relevant standards  Location , orientation and acceptance X X
criteria
xxii) Hazards and safety in welding
a) Hazards in welding and cutting X X X
b) Electrical and arc related hazards X X X
c) Gas and gas cylinder and pipeline related hazards X X X
d) Personal protective equipment (PPEs) X X X
e) Shading of viewing glasses including auto-darkening helmets X X X
f) Ventilation X X X
g) Safety standards in welding in compliance with ANSI Z49.1 Safety X X X
in welding, cutting, and allied processes
xxviii) Recommended training hours (including practical, demo of welding 96 h 8h 48 h
processes, RT and destructive testing and visit to fabrication unit)
14
ANNEX B
(Clause 4.2 and 9.1)
WELDING INSPECTOR'S EXAMINATION
Sl No. Tests Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

A Theory test X X X
1) Theory question papers to be objective type with four (4)
possible answers
2) For basic and standard level 50 questions to have (i) right
answer.
3) For advanced level 40 questions to have one right answer and
10 questions to have 2 right answers
4) Total 50 questions x 2 marks each = 100 marks 100 100 100
5) Pass marks 65 65 65
B Practical tests
1) Plate and Pipe Butt/fillet welds metrology  To size the X
important weld geometry parameters
2) Macro examination of  Plate/pipe/fillet and butt welds  To X X
detect discontinuities and size the same
3) LPT and MPT of welds  To detect and size open to surface X
discontinuities either by carrying out LPT/MPT of weld
coupons.
4) WPS and PQR  To review and correct mistakes X X
5) Study and interpretation of a weld drawing X
6) Radiographic interpretation  To interpret the Discontinuities XX
and evaluate the same with given acceptance criteria for carbon
and stainless steels
7) Marks 100 100 100
C Viva voce test X X X
1) To be conducted during or after practical
2) Marks 100 100 100
D Overall weightage
i) Theory 40 Percent
ii) Practical 40 Percent
iii) Viva voce 20 Percent
NOTE — To obtain the certificate, a candidate is to secure minimum 65 percent marks in all the sections individually and 70 percent marks
in weighted average of all the three sections (A, B and C) mentioned above.
15
ANNEX C
(Clause 3.2)
ABBREVIATION
a) CWIA — Certified welding inspector- n) MT — Magnetic particle testing

advance level
p) NDT — Non-destructive testing
b) CWIB — Certified welding inspector-
q) NWIC — National welding inspectors
basic level
certification scheme
c) CWIS — Certified welding inspector-
r) PMI — Positive material
standard level
identification
d) DT — Destructive testing
s) PQR — Procedure qualification
e) ET — Eddy current testing record
f) ITP — Inspection and test plan t) PT — Liquid penetrant testing
g) IWE — International welding u) PWHT — Post weld heat treatment
engineer
w) QAP — Quality assurance plan
h) IWIP — International welding
y) RT — Radiographic testing
inspection personnel
z) WPQR — Welding procedure
j) IWS — International welding qualification record
specialist
aa) WPS — Welding procedure
k) IWT — International welding specification
technologist
bb) UT — Ultrasonic testing
m) LT — Leak testing
cc) VT — Visual testing
16
ANNEX D
(Clause 2)
IS No. Title materials: Part 1 Fusion welding

(first revision)
IS 813 Welding and allied processes:
IS 15326 Quality requirements for fusion
(Part 1) : Symbolic representation on
welding of metallic materials:
2018/ISO 2553 : drawings — Welded joints
2013 (second revision) (Part 1) : Criteria for the selection of the
2018/ISO 3834-1 : appropriate level of quality
(Part 2) : 2018/ISO Nomenclature of processes and
2005 requirements (first revision)
4063 : 2009 reference numbers (second
revision) (Part 2) : Comprehensive quality
2022/ISO 3834-2 : requirements (second revision)
IS 7310 Qualification testing of welders
2021
— Fusion welding:
(Part 3) : Standard quality requirements
(Part 1) : 2019/ISO Steels (first revision)
2022/ISO 3834-3 : (second revision)
9606-1 : 2012
2021
(Part 2) : 2019/ISO Aluminium and aluminium alloys
(Part 4) : 2022/ISO Elementary quality requirements
9606-2 : 2004 (first revision)
3834-4 : 2021 (second revision)
(Part 3) : 2019/ISO Copper and copper alloys (first
(Part 5) : 2019/ISO Documents with which it is
9606-3 : 1999 revision)
3834-4 : 2015 necessary to conform to claim
(Part 4) : 2019/ISO Nickel and nickel alloys (first conformity to the quality
9606-4 : 1999 revision) requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO
3834-3 or ISO 3834-4 (first
(Part 5) : 2019/ISO Titanium and titanium alloys, revision)
9606-5 : 2000 zirconium and zirconium alloys
(first revision) IS/ISO/IEC 17024 Conformity assessment —
: 2012 General requirements for bodies
IS 10793 (Part 1) : Welding and allied processes —
operating certification of persons
2018/ISO 6520 : Classification of geometric
(first revision)
2007 imperfections in metallic
17
ANNEX E
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Welding General and its Applications Sectional Committee, MTD 11
Organization Representative(s)
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam DR SHAJU K. ALBERT (Chairperson)
SHRI M. KRISNAMOORTHY
Ador Welding Limited, Mumbai SHRI NINADH THIGALE
SHRI HARIDAS MONDAL (Alternate)
Asian Industries, Mumbai SHRI RAJEEV KHANNA
BEML Limited, Bengaluru SHRI PRAVEEN J.
Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited, New Delhi SHRI LAKAVATH PRAVEEN KUMAR
SHRI HARI KRISHNA GADILLLI (Alternate)
D & H Secheron Electrodes Private Limited, New Delhi SHRI T. J. PRASADA RAO
SHRI ZAKIR HUSSAIN (Alternate)
Defence Research and Development Laboratory SHRI C. V. S. MURTHY
SHRI P. MASTANISH (Alternate)
Directorate of Naval Architecture, Naval Headquarters, CAPT SUJIT BAXI
New Delhi
ESAB India Limited, Chennai SHRI P. RAVI KUMAR
Engineers India Limited, New Delhi SHRI S. GHOSAL
SHRI ARJIT ROY (Alternate)
Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Company Limited, SHRI S. M. VADIYA
Mumbai SHRI ANAND D. BAGDARE (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai DR AMITAVA DE
SHRI N. B. BALLAL (Alternate)
Indian Register of Shipping, Mumbai SHRI S. SHANKAR
SHRI G. MADHU BABU (Alternate)
Indian Welding Society, Mumbai SHRI R. D. PENNATHUR
SHRI ANAND PURSWANI (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Welding, Kolkata SHRI HARISH KHURANNA
Jai Gopal Engineering Works SHRI JAI GOPAL MEHTA
SHRI A. K. GUPTA (Alternate)
Ministry of Defence (DGQA) SHRI N. K. MURTHY
SHRI BIKAS MONDAL (Alternate)
Ministry of Railways(RDSO), Lucknow SHRI B. L BAIRWA
SHRI HARISH CHANDRA (Alternate)
National Test House, Ghaziabad SHRI SHER SINGH
SHRI G. N. SUDHAKAR (Alternate)
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited, Mumbai SHRI SUNDAR SINGH
SHRI S. VISWANATH (Alternate)
18
Organization Representative(s)
Office of the Development Commissioner (MSME), SHRI NIRANJAN NAIK
New Delhi SHRI DINESH KUMAR (Alternate)
Oil and Natural Gas Corp Limited, Uttarakhand SHRI SAYAD SHAKIR ALI
SHRI RATENDRA KUMAR (Alternate)
Ordnance Factory Board, Kolkata SHRI S. K. DOGRA
SHRI A. B. HANDI (Alternate)
Tata Motors Limited Engineering Research Centre, SHRI V. HARIHARAN
Pune SHRI R. R. KULKARNI (Alternate)
Tata Steel Limited, Scientific Services Development, SHRI MAHADEV SHOME
Jamshedpur DR GOUTAM MUKHOPADHYAY (Alternate)
BIS Directorate General SHRI SANJIV MAINI, SCIENTIST ‘F’/SENIOR DIRECTOR
AND HEAD (METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING)
[REPRESENTING DIRECTOR GENERAL (Ex-officio)]
Member Secretary
SHRI VISHAL KUMAR RANA
SCIENTIST ‘B’/ASSISTANT DIRECTOR
(METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING), BIS
19
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development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
connected matters in the country.
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the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the
standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to
copyright be addressed to the Head (Publication & Sales), BIS.
Review of Indian Standards
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should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the website-
www.bis.gov.in or www.standardsbis.in.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: MTD 11 (18754).
Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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भारतीय मानक IS 18224 : 2023

वेल्डगिं लिरीक्षण कलमियों की योग्यता और

General Standard for Qualification

ICS 25.160.10; 19.100

भारतीय मानक ब्यरू ो

May 2023 Price Group 9

Welding General and Lts Applications Sectional Committee, MTD 11

3.1.16 Significant Interruption  Absence or a m) Comment on and review the quality

7.2 National Certifying Body (NCB) to successful candidates and renew/recertify

7.2.1 Composition 7.3 Employer or Responsible Agency

8.2 Education and Experience that educational qualifications in combination with

Table 1 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC ― Basic Level

(1) (2) (3)

iv) MSc/BE/IWE/BSc/Diploma in 6 months industrial experience in welding

Table 2 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC — Standard Level

(1) (2) (3)

Table 3 Qualification and Experience Requirement for NWIC ― Advanced Level

Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

h) Interacting with other departments to ensure fabricated components X

b) Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials as X X

c) Quality assurance plan – Preparation and review X X

b) MSTP (Material sampling and test plan) X X X

v) Metallurgy and weldability of steels

Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

d) Resistance welding processes X X X

Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

c) Relevant API 1104 welding of pipelines and related facilities X X X

Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Sl No. Subjects Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Sl No. Tests Basic Level Std. Level Adv. Level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

a) CWIA — Certified welding inspector- n) MT — Magnetic particle testing

IS No. Title materials: Part 1 Fusion welding

Bureau of Indian Standards

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments Issued Since Publication

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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