Lab Manual

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LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
syllabus
VI SEM - Microcontroller & Embedded System LAB
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Microcontroller & Embedded System Design

EE-328-F
Sr.No. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. To study development tools/environment for ATMEL/PIC microcontroller

programme and Architecture.
2. Write an assembly language program to add, subtract, multiply, divide 16
bit data by Atmel microcontroller.
3. An assembly language program to generate 10 KHz frequency using
interrupts on P1.2.
4. Study and analyze the interfacing of 16 x 2 LCD.
5. Study of implementation, analysis and interfacing of seven segment
display.
6. Study of implementation of steeper motor angle control.
7. Study of implementation of DC Motor control using PWM method.
8. Study and observation of Position control of Servo Motor.
9. Study of Programming and Transmission and Reception of data through
serial port.
10. To study implementation and programming of Pressure measurement.
11. To study implementation and programming of Temperature measurement.
12. Study and analysis of interfacing of graphical LCD using PIC
Microcontroller.
13. To interface PWM based voltage regulator using PIC Microcontroller.
14. Study and interface of IR (RC5 Protocol) and RF Communication using
PIC Microcontroller.
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EXPERIMENT NO 1
AIM: To study development tools/environment for ATMEL/PIC microcontroller programme and
Architecture.
APPARATUS REQUIRED: µ Vision Keil, ICPROG, AT89C52 Microcontroller, PIC16F877A

Microcontroller.
SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT AND MICROCONTROLLER DESCRIPTION:
Procedure to write the program in µ Vision Keil:
1. Create a New folder on the desktop for saving the contents of the program.
2. Double click on the icon of Keil.
3. Select the device for the target (Select Atmel Select 89C52 Ok No)
4. Go in the project menu and click on µVision Project after this an edit window will appear on
desktop.
5. Write the desired program in the editing window up to end.
6. Right click on source group and select remove start up in project workspace.
7. Go in the file menu and click on save as and save the program with the extinction .asm on
desktop in the new folder.
8. Right click on source group Select add file to group All file Select file .asm
Select Add.
9. Now go in the project menu and click on options for the target “Target1”.
10. Update the frequency value (eg. 11.0592) and click on output and enable the following.
a. ®Create Executable
b. or Ok –Debug info
c. Select Create Hex file
d. Select Browse info
Now click on Ok
11. Go in the project menu and click on built target.
12. Go in the project menu and click on Rebuild target.
13. Go in the project menu and click on Run (or Ctrl +F5).
14. After this Hex file will be created in the New Folder
ATMEL INTRODUCTION 8051 ARCHITECTURE FAMILY
A microcontroller is a single chip microcomputer with on board program ROM and I/O that can be
programmed for various control functions. Unlike a general purpose computer, which also includes all
of these components, a microcontroller is designed for a very specific task to control a particular
system.
The AT89C52 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8 bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash
Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory. The on chip flash allows the program memory to be
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reprogrammed in system or by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer. The AT89C52

provides 256 Bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, three 16 bit timer/counters, and six vector two levels
interrupt.
Figure. The architecture of the 8051 family of Microcontrollers
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Pin Diagrram of AT889C52
Port 0 (P0.0 - P0.7): Iff designatedd as output, each

e of thesse pins can be
b connectedd up to 8 TT TL input
circuits. If designated
d as
a input, theey are high impedance inputs as thheir potentiaal is undefinned with
respect to thhe ground. Iff external memory
m is useed, these pinns are used for
f alternate transfer of data
d and
addresses (A A0-A7) for accessing thhe extra mem mory chip. Signal
S on ALLE pin deteermines the mode
m of
transfer on port.
p
Port 1 (P1.00 - P1.7): Iff designated as output, each
e of thesee pins can bee connected up to 4 TTL L inputs.
If designateed as input, these pins act
a like standdard TTL innputs (that iss, they havee an internall resistor
connected too the positivve supply pole and a +5V V voltage). Also,
A pins off Port 1 havee alternate functions
fu
according too the followiing table:
Pin Alternaate function
P1.0 T2 (Timmer 2 input)
P1.1 T2EX (T Timer 2 conttrol input)
Port 2 (P2.00 - P2.7): If designated asa input or output,
o this port
p is identiccal to Port 1. If external
memory is used,
u Port 2 stores the hiigher addresss byte (A8-A A15) for adddressing the extra
e memorry chip.
Port 3 (P3.00 - P3.7): Siimilar to Porrt 1, Port 3 caan also be ussed as universal I/O, butt pins of Portt 3 also
have alternaate functionss.
RST: Resett input: A higgh on this piin for two machine cyclees while the oscillator is running reseets the
device and terminate
t alll activities. This
T is often referred to as
a a power ono reset. Actiivating a powwer on
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reset will cause all values in the register to be lost. Figure A and figure B shows two ways of
connecting the RST pin to the power on reset circuitry.
Figure A. Power On Reset Circuit Figure B. Power On with Debounce
Positive voltage impulse on RST pin resets the MCU. In order to be detected, this impulse needs to
have duration of at least two operating cycles (this cycle represents the time necessary to execute one
instruction and lasts for 12 oscillator signals).
EA/VPP: External Access Enable; When this pin is connected to the ground, MCU gets program
instructions from external program memory. In case that internal program memory is used (common
case); this pin should be connected to the positive supply pole (VCC). During the loading of program
to internal Flash memory, this pin is at +12V.
ALE/PROG: This pin emits an impulse sequence with a frequency equal to 1/6 of the frequency
generated by the main oscillator. If external memory is used, signal from this pin controls the
additional register for temporary storage of the lower address byte (A0 - A7). This pin also serves as a
control input during the writing of program to MCU.
PSEN: Program Store Enable; This pin is used for reading from external program memory (ROM).
When the AT89C52 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each
machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external data
memory.
XTAL1 and XTAL2: XTAL1 is the Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal
clock operating circuit. XTAL2 is Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier. AT89C52 has an on
chip oscillator but requires an external clock to run it(See Figure. C). Most often quartz crystal is
connected to XTAL1 and XTAL2.The quartz crystal oscillator connected to XTAL pins also needs two
capacitors of 30pf value.
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Figure. C. XTAL Connection in 8051
VCC: Power Supply (4 – 6V)

GND: Negative supply pole (ground)
HOW TO USE ICPROG SOFTWARE FOR PIC Microcontroller

1. Click ICPROG software.
2. Select device PIC 16F877 A.
3. Click <settings> Select <Hardware> Select JDM programmer and Windows API in place of
Direct I/O & click OK.
4. Click <Setting> then <options> then <programming> then select the option <verify after
programming>.
5. Set configuration in ICPROG software as mentioned below:
6. Oscillator----- XT
7. Write Enable----OOOO-OFFFH
8. Deselect all Fuses.
9. Set swl in Un pressed condition for IAP mode. Jumper in 1 2 position.
10. Select <command> then Program all.
PIC INTRODUCTION & ARCHITECTURE:
PIC is the name for the Microchip microcontroller (MCU) family, consisting of a microprocessor, I/O
ports, timer(s) and other internal, integrated hardware. The main advantages of using the PIC are low
external part count, a wide range of chip sizes available, nice choice of compilers (assembly, C, Basic,
etc.) good wealth of example/tutorial source code and easy programming. Once bought, the PIC's
program memory is empty, and needs to be programmed with code (usually HEX files) to be usable in
a circuit. For the purpose, a wide range of simple programmer hardware docs and software is
downloadable from the net.
PIC is a family of Harvard architecture microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology, derived from
the PIC1650 originally developed by General Instrument's Microelectronics Division.
The PIC architecture is distinctively minimalist. It is characterized by the following features:

Separate code and data spaces (Harvard architecture)
A small number of fixed length instructions
Most instructions are single cycle execution (4 clock cycles), with single delay cycles upon branches and skips
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A single accumulator (W), the use of which (as source operand) is implied (i.e is not encoded in the opcode)
All RAM locations function as registers as both source and/or destination of math and other functions.
A hardware stack for storing return addresses
A fairly small amount of addressable data space (typically 256 bytes), extended through banking
Data space mapped CPU, port, and peripheral registers
The program counter is also mapped into the data space and writable (this is used to synthesize indirect jumps).
Unlike most other CPUs, there is no distinction between "memory" and "register" space because the
RAM serves the job of both memory and registers, and the RAM is usually just referred to as the
register file or simply as the registers.
PIC16F877A Specifications & Architecture:

High-Performance RISC CPU:
Only 35 single-word instructions to learn
All single-cycle instructions except for program Branches, which are two-cycle
Operating speed : DC–20 MHz clock input DC–200 ns instruction cycle
Up to 8K x 14 words of Flash Program Memory, Up to 368 x 8 bytes of Data Memory (RAM), Up to 256 x 8
bytes of EEPROM Data Memory
Pin out compatible to other 28-pin or 40/44-pin PIC16CXXX and PIC16FXXX microcontrollers.
Peripheral Features:
Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler
Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler, can be incremented during Sleep via external crystal/clock
Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period register, prescaler and postscaler
Two Capture, Compare, PWM modules
a. Capture is 16-bit, max. Resolution is 12.5 ns
b. Compare is 16-bit, max. Resolution is 200 ns
c. PWM max. Resolution is 10-bit
Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI™ (Master mode) and I2C™ (Master/Slave)
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART/SCI) with 9-bit address detection
Parallel Slave Port (PSP)–8 bits wide with external RD, WR and CS controls (40/44-pin only)
Brown-out detection circuitry for Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Analog Features:
10-bit, up to 8-channel Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D)

Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Analog Comparator module with:
A. Two analog comparators
B. Programmable on-chip voltage reference (VREF) module
C. Programmable input multiplexing from device inputs and internal voltage reference
D. Comparator outputs are externally accessible
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Block diagram of PIC16F877A Controller
1.What is meant by micro controller?

Ans A device which contains the microprocessor with integrated peripherals like memory,
serialports, parallel ports, timer/counter, interrupt controller, data acquisition interfaces like
ADC, DAC is called micro controller.
2.List the features of 8051 micro controllers?
Ans · Single supply +5v operation using HMOS technology.
· 4096 bytes program memory on-chip.
· 128 data memory on chip.
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· 4 register banks
· 2 multiple modes, 16 bit timer/counter
· Extensive Boolean processing capabilities.
· 64KB external RAM size.
· 32 bi-directional I/O lines.
3. Explain the operating mode 0 of 8051 serial port?
Ans In this mode serial data enters and exists through RXD, TXD outputs the shift clock. 8-bits are
transmitted or received:8-data bits(LSB first). The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 the oscillator
frequency.
Ans In this mode 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through (RXD): a start bit(0), 8
data bits( LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit and a stop bit(1). On transmit, the 9th data bit
can be assigned the value 0 or 1. On receive, the 9th data bit go into the RB8 in special function
register SCON, while the stop bit is ignored.
The baud rate is programmable to either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator frequency.
5. Explain the mode 3 of 8051 serial port?
Ans In this mode, 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or (received (through RXD): a start bit(0),
8 data bits(LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit and a stop
bit(1).It is same as mode 2 except the baud rate. The baud rate in mode 3 is variable.
6. Explain the interrupts of 8051 micro controller?
Ans · External interrupt 0 (IE0) – Highest priority,· Timer interrupt 0 (TF0)
· External interrupt 1 (IE1),· Timer interrupt 1 (TF1)
· Serial port Interrupt,Receive interrupt (RI) – lowest priority
Transmit interrupt (TI)
7. How many bytes of internal RAM and ROM supported by 8051 micro controller?
Ans 128 bytes of internal RAM and 4 bytes of ROM.
8. Define machine cycle of 8051?
Ans 8051 machine cycle consists of 6 states, S1 through S7. One state is made up of 2 clock pulses.
Thus 12 clock period constitute one machine cycle. Two clock periods in a state is termed as
phase 1 and phase 2.
9. What are the special function of port 0 of 8051?
Ans Port 0 is used as a multiplexed low order address/data bus during the external memory access.
When ALE is enabled, the address on port 0 pins are latched and bus is ready to act as a data
bus when ALE is low.
10. What are the alternative function of port 3 of 8051?
Ans Serial data input (P3.0), serial data output (P3.1), external interrupt 0 (P3.2), external interrupt
1 (P3.3), external input for timer 0(P3.4), external input for timer 1 (P3.5), external memory
write pulse (P3.6), external memory read (P3.7) are the alternative functions of port 3.
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EXPERIMENT NO 2
AIM: Write an assembly language program to add, subtract, multiply and divide 16 bit data by Atmel
microcontroller.
APPARATUS: M51-02 trainer kit, keyboard and power cord.
PROGRAM:
Addition:
ORG 0000H
CLR C ; make CY=0
MOV A, #0E7H ; load the low byte now A=E7H
ADD A, #8DH ; add the low byte now A=74H and CY=1
MOV R6, A ; save the low byte of the sum in R6
MOV A, #3BH ; load the high byte
ADDC A, #3BH ; add with carry (3B+3C+1=78)
MOV R7, A ; save the high byte of the sum
Subtraction:
ORG 3000H
CLR C ; make CY=0
MOV A, #50H ; load the low byte now A= 50H
MOV R1, #30H ; load the byte now R1=30H
SUBB A, R1 ; subtract contents of A and R1
JNC Next
CPL A
INC A
Next: MOV R2, A
SJMP 3000H
Multiply:
ORG 4000H
MOV A, #03H ; move the first no. into acc
MOV B, #02H ; move the second no. into B
MUL AB ; multiply the contents of acc with B
SJMP 4000H
Divide:
ORG 5000H
MOV A, #25H ; move the first no. into acc.
MOV B, #5H ; move the second no. into B
DIV AB ; divide the contents of acc with B
SJMP 5000H
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RESULT: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division of 16 bit data has been performed
successfully
on the kit.
PRECAUTIONS: Make sure correct power supply is given to the kit/Equipment. Wrong power
supplies
may cause damage to your equipments.
Question & Answer:
1.What are Pseudo instructions .

Ans. Assembler Directives
2.Number of the times the instruction sequence below will loop before coming out of loop is
MOV AL, 00h
A1: INC AL
JNZ A1 :
Ans.256
3.With which instructionsDirection flag is used .
Ans. String instruction
4.A Bus cycle is equal to how many clocking period.
Ans.4
5.What is NMI input.
Ans.Edge Sensitive
6.What do the symbols [ ] indicate.
Ans.Indirect addressing
7.The internal RAM memory of the 8051 is.
Ans.128 Bytes
8.The I/O ports that are used as address and data for external memory are.
Ans.Ports 0 and 2
9.The total external data memory that can be interfaced to the 8051 is.
Ans.64K
10.What is the 8-bit address bus allows access to an address range.
Ans.00 to FFH
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EXPERIMENT NO 3
AIM: Write an assembly language program to generate 10 KHz frequency using interrupts on P1.2.
APPARATUS: E89-01 KIT, power cord, CRO and connecting leads.
PROGRAM:
ORG 0H ; Wake up ROM reset Location

LJMPMAIN ; Bypass interrupt vector table
ORG 000BH ; ISR for Timer 0
CPL P1.2 ; Complement P1.2
MOV TL0, #0D2H
MOV TH0, #0FFH ; Reload timer value
RETI
ORG 0030H ; starting location for program
MAIN: MOV TMOD, #01H ; timer 0, mode 1
MOV THO, #0FFH
MOV TLO, #0D2H ; Enable timer 0 interrupt
MOV IE, #82H
SETB TR0 ; Start timer 0
HERE: SJMP HERE ; Stay here until interrupted
END ; End of the Program
RESULT: Square wave has been generated on P1.2 and displayed on CRO.
PRECAUTIONS: Make sure correct power supply is given to the kit/Equipment. Wrong
power supplies may cause damage to your equipments.
Question & Answer:
1.Device pins XTAL1 and XTAL2 for the 8051 are used for connections to an external
oscillator or crystal.
Ans. TRUE
2.When the 8051 is reset and the line is HIGH, the program counter points to the
first program instruction in the:
Ans.Internal Code Memory
3.An alternate function of port pin P3.4 in the 8051 is:
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Ans.Timer 0
4.Bit-addressable memory locations are:
Ans.20H through 2FH
5.The number of data registers is:
Ans.32
6.The total amount of external code memory that can be interfaced to the 8051 is:\
Ans. 64 K
7.An alternate function of port pin P3.0 (RXD) in the 8051 is:
Ans.Serial Port Input
8.MOV A, @ R1 will:
Ans.copy the contents of memory whose address is in R1 to the accumulator
9.The start-conversion on the ADC0804 is done by using the:
Ans.SC
10.The number of data registers is:
Ans.32
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EXPERIMENT NO 4
AIM: Study and analyze the interfacing of 16 x 2 LCD.
APPARATUS: NV5001 Microcontroller development Board, MC-04 Kit, power cord and
connecting leads.
PROGRAM: for displaying ‘NVIS Technologies’ on LCD.
RS_LCD EQU P3.5

RW_LCD EQU P3.6
E_LCD EQU P3.7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0000H
JMP START
ORG 0200H
START: MOV P0, #00H
MOV A, #00H
LCALL LCDINIT
MOV A, #086H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #"N"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"v"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"i"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"s"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
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LCALL DELAY_1S
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LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOV A, #082H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #"T"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"e"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"c"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"h"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"n"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"o"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"l"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"o"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"g"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"i"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"e"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"s"
LCALL DISPLAY
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LJMP START
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_1S:
MOV R2, #11
LOOP3: MOV R3, #98
LOOP2: MOV R4, #106
LOOP1: NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
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NOP
DJNZ R4, LOOP1
DJNZ R3, LOOP2
DJNZ R2, LOOP3
RET
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LCDINIT: MOV A, #38H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #0CH
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #01H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #06H
LCALL COMMAND
RET
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMAND:
ACALL READY
MOV P0, A
CLR RS_LCD
CLR RW_LCD
SETB E_LCD
CLR E_LCD
RET
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISPLAY:
ACALL READY
MOV P0, A
SETB RS_LCD
CLR RW_LCD
SETB E_LCD
CLR E_LCD
RET
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
READY: SETB P0.7
CLR RS_LCD
SETB RW_LCD
WAIT: CLR E_LCD
SETB E_LCD
JB P0.7, WAIT
RET
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
END
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PROCEDURE:
1. Insert AT89C52 Microcontroller in Programmer unit (in NV5001).

2. Connect serial cable between computer serial port and programmer unit serial port female
connector
(in NV5001).
3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch on the power
supply.
4. Program LCD interface module.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ Modules programs\MC-04 Display
module
\LCD module) in AT89C52 Microcontroller via programmer.
5. Switch ‘Off’ the power supply and remove the programmed controller from programmer ZIF
socket.
6. Switch ‘Off’ the programmer switch in Programmer unit (in NV5001).
7. Insert programmed Microcontroller to microcontroller unit ZIF socket.
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to LCD Interface block left side socket/connector (MC04) to Port P3
in
NV5001 Trainer.
9. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to LCD Interface block right side socket/connector (MC04) to
Port P0 in NV5001 Trainer.
10. Turn contrast control potentiometer in LCD interface block to clockwise position (in MC04).
11. Turn Backlight control potentiometer in LCD interface block to anticlockwise position (in
MC04).
12. Switch ‘On’ the power supply.
13. Observe “NVIS’’ is coming on LCD and after some delay “Technologies”.
14. Observe the output waveform between RS pin of LCD (P3.5) and ground, on oscilloscope.
15. Observe the output waveform between R/W pin of LCD (P3.6) and ground, on oscilloscope
16. Observe the output waveform between E pin of LCD (P3.7) and ground, on oscilloscope.
17. Turn contrast control potentiometer and observe the contrast change on LCD.
18. Turn Backlight control potentiometer and observe the change on backlight of LCD.
RESULT: ‘NVIS Technologies’ on displayed on 16x2 LCD.
Question & Answer:
1. The end-of-conversion on the ADC0804 is done by which line?

Ans. EOC
2. What is the difference between the 8031 and the 8051?
Ans. The 8031 is ROM-less.
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3. Which I/O port that does not have a dual-purpose role is?
Ans. Port 1
4. The ADC0804 has resolution of?
Ans. 8 Bit
5. A HIGH on which pin resets the 8051 microcontroller?
Ans. RST
6. An alternate function of port pin P3.1 in the 8051 is:
Ans. Serial Port Output
7. An alternate function of port pin P3.0 (RXD) in the 8051 is:
Ans. Serial Port Input
8. Magnetic tape is a
Ans. Direct Access Storage Device
9. Which parts of the computer perform arithmetic calculation
Ans. ALU
10. Vacuum tube based electronic computers are:
Ans. Hoover generation
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EXPERIMENT NO 5
AIM: Study of implementation, analysis and interfacing of seven segment display.
connecting leads.
PROGRAM: for displaying “1234” on seven segment
SEG_A EQU P1.0

SEG_B EQU P1.1
SEG_C EQU P1.2
SEG_D EQU P1.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
ORG 0000H
JMP START
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
ORG 0200H
START: MOV P0, #00H
MOV A, #00H
CLR C
LOOP: MOV P2, #0FFH
CLR SEG_A
CLR SEG_B
CLR SEG_C
CLR SEG_D
SETB SEG_A
MOV P2, #00000110B
LCALL DELAY_1S
CLR SEG_A
CLR SEG_B
CLR SEG_C
CLR SEG_D
MOV P2, #00H
SETB SEG_B
MOV P2, #01011011B
LCALL DELAY_1S
CLR SEG_B
CLR SEG_A
CLR SEG_C
CLR SEG_D
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MOV P2, #00H

SETB SEG_C
MOV P2, #01001111B
LCALL DELAY_1S
CLR SEG_C
CLR SEG_B
CLR SEG_A
CLR SEG_D
MOV P2, #00H
SETB SEG_D
MOV P2, #01100110B
LCALL DELAY_1S
CLR SEG_D
CLR SEG_B
CLR SEG_A
CLR SEG_C
MOV P2, #00H
LJMP LOOP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
DELAY_1S: MOV R2, #06
DO3: MOV R3, #10
DHERE1: MOV R4, #10
DAGAIN: NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
DJNZ R4, DAGAIN
DJNZ R3, DHERE1
DJNZ R2, DO3
RET
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----
END
PROCEDURE:

connector (in NV5001).
3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch on the
power supply.
4. Program seven segment display.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ Modules programs\MC04
Display module\Seven segment module) in AT89C52 Microcontroller via programmer.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
5. Switch ‘Off’ the power supply and remove the programmed controller from programmer
ZIF socket
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to seven segment display Interface block left side
socket/connector (MC04) to Port P2 in NV5001 Trainer.
9. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to seven segment Interface block right side socket/connector
(MC04) to Port P1 in NV5001 Trainer.
11. Observe “1234’’ is coming on seven segment.
12. Observe the status of segment selection pins on tp28, tp29, tp30 & tp31.output waveform
between RS pin of LCD (P3.5) and ground, on oscilloscope.
13. Observe the status of data bits on tp17 to tp24.
RESULT: “1234” displayed on seven segment display.
Question & Answer:
1. Explain how Timer2 works in a STANDARD 8051 device:

Ans.TIMER2 is NOT implemented in standard 8051 device. It is implemented only
in 8052 devices.
2. Give an example haw to write code memory using MOVC instruction.
Ans. MOVC instruction can only used to READ code memory. It cannot be used to
write (use an dedicated programmer to write in code memory)
3. What is asynchronous data transfer scheme?
Ans.In asynchronous data transfer scheme, first the processor sends a request to
the device for read/write operation. Then the processor keeps on polling the status
of the device. Once the device is ready, the processor executes a data transfer
instruction to complete the process.
4. What are the internal devices of 8255?
Ans.The internal devices of 8255 are port-A, port-B, port-C. The ports can be
programmed for either input or output function in different operating modes.
5. What is USART?
Ans.The device which can be programmed to perform Synchronous or Asynchronous
serial communication is called USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter). Eg: INTEL 8251
6. What is scanning in keyboard and what is scan time?
Ans.The process of sending a zero to each row of a keyboard matrix and reading the
columns for key actuation is called scanning. The scan time is the time taken by the
processor to scan all the rows one by one starting from first row and coming back
to the first row again.
7. What is programmable peripheral device?
Ans.If the function performed by the peripheral device can be altered or changed
by a program instruction then the peripheral device is called programmable device.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,+ %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
It have control register. The device can be programmed by sending control word in
the prescribed format to the control register.
8. What is baud rate?
Ans.The baud rate is the rate at which the serial data are transmitted. Baud rate is
defined as (The time for a bit cell). In some systems one bit cell has one data bit,
then the baud rate and bits/sec are same.
9. What is a port?
Ans.The port is a buffered I/O, which is used to hold the data transmitted from the
microprocessor to I/O devices and vice versa.
10. What is the need for interrupt controller?
Ans. The interrupt controller is employed to expand the interrupt inputs. It can
handle the interrupt request from various devices and allow one by one to the
processor.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,8 %

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EXPERIMENT NO 6
AIM: Study of implementation of stepper motor angle control.
connecting leads.
DESCRIPTION: The experiment has been designed to have a clear understanding of how
motors are interfaced and controlled with microcontroller. The Motor drive module is made
in such a way that student can understand the whole concepts of steeper motor, DC motor
and Servo system. The object is to connect and program a microcontroller to do any
operation with motors. It has input and output terminals for connection of external real
world applications.
PROGRAM: To monitor the status of switch and rotate the stepper motor.
ANG_SW EQU P2.5

D_ST EQU P2.3
C_ST EQU P2.2
B_ST EQU P2.1
A_ST EQU P2.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0000H
JMP START
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0200H
START : MOV A, #00H
BACK : LCALL DELAY
SETB ANG_SW
SETB A_ST
SETB B_ST
CLR C_ST
CLR D_ST
JNB ANG_SW, SEC_STATE
SJMP BACK
SEC_STATE : LCALL DELAY
SETB ANG_SW
CLR A_ST
SETB B_ST
SETB C_ST
CLR D_ST
JNB ANG_SW, THI_STATE
SJMP SEC_STATE
THI_STATE : LCALL DELAY
SETB ANG_SW
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,9 %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
CLR A_ST
CLR B_ST
SETB C_ST
SETB D_ST
JNB ANG_SW, FOU_STATE

SJMP THI_STATE
FOU_STATE : LCALL DELAY
SETB ANG_SW
SETB A_ST
CLR B_ST
CLR C_ST
SETB D_ST
JNB ANG_SW, BACK
SJMP FOU_STATE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
DELAY : MOV R2, #20
DO3 : MOV R3, #30
DHERE1 : MOV R4, #70
DAGAIN : NOP
NOP
NOP
DJNZ R4, DAGAIN
DJNZ R3, DHERE1
DJNZ R2, DO3
RET
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
END
PROCEDURE:

2. Connect serial cable between computer serial port and programmer unit serial port
female connector (in NV5001).
3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch ‘On’
the power supply.
4. Program angle control.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ \Modules programs\MC05 Drive
module\Stepper motor interface module\Angle control program) in AT89C52
Microcontroller via programmer.
5. Switch ‘Off’ the power supply and remove the programmed controller from
programmer ZIF socket.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,: %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%

8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to Stepper motor interface block socket (MC05) to Port P2
in NV5001 Trainer.
10. Check the status of port pins on tp1 to tp 4 i.e., A to D pins.
11. Observe the status of Angle control switch ‘On’ SW2 line or tp 6.
12. Press Angle control switch and observe the direction of rotation of stepper motor.
13. Check the status of port pins on tp1 to tp 4 i.e., A to D pins.
14. Repeat steps 12 and 13 three times and observe the angle change of stepper motor.
RESULT: Stepper motor angle is observed.
Question & Answer:
1. How a keyboard matrix is formed in keyboard interface using 8279?

Ans.The return lines, RL0 toRL7 of 8279 are used to form the columns of keyboard
matrix. In decoded scan lines SL0 t0SL3 of 8279 are used to form the rows of keyboard
matrix. In encoded scan mode, the output lines of external decoder are used as rows of
keyboard matrix.
2. What is GPIB?
Ans.GPIB is the General Purpose interface Bus. It is used to interface the test instruments
to the system controller.
3. Advantages of differential data transfer?
Ans.1. Communication at high data rate in real world environment. 2. Differential data
transmission offers superior performance. 3. Differential signals can help induced noise
signals.
4. Features of INTEL 8259?
Ans.1. It manages 8 interrupt request. 2. The interrupt vector addresses are
programmable. 3. The priorities of interrupts are programmable. 4. The interrupt can
be masked or unmasked individually.
5. What is meant by micro controller?
Ans.A device which contains the microprocessor with integrated peripherals like memory,
serial ports, parallel ports, timer/counter, interrupt controller, data acquisition interfaces
like ADC, DAC is called micro controller.
6. List the features of 8051 micro controllers?
Ans.Single supply +5v operation using HMOS technology.
· 4096 bytes program memory on-chip. · 128 data memory on chip. · 4 register banks
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· 2 multiple modes, 16 bit timer/counter · Extensive Boolean processing capabilities. ·

64KB external RAM size. · 32 bi-directional I/O lines.
Ans.In this mode serial data enters and exists through RXD, TXD outputs the shift clock.
8-bits are transmitted or received:8-data bits(LSB first). The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 the
oscillator frequency.
Ans. In this mode 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through (RXD): a
start bit(0), 8 data bits( LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit and a stop bit(1). On
transmit, the 9th data bit can be assigned the value 0 or 1. On receive, the 9th data bit go
into the RB8 in special function register SCON, while the stop bit is ignored. The baud
rate is programmable to either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator frequency.
9. Explain the mode 3 of 8051 serial port?
Ans.In this mode, 11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or (received (through RXD): a
start bit(0), 8 data bits(LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit and a stop bit(1).It is
same as mode 2 except the baud rate. The baud rate in mode 3 is variable.
10. Explain the interrupts of 8051 micro controller? ·
Ans. External interrupt 0 (IE0) – Highest priority
· Timer interrupt 0 (TF0) · External interrupt 1 (IE1) · Timer interrupt 1 (TF1) · Serial
port Interrupt Receive interrupt (RI) – lowest priority Transmit interrupt (TI)
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EXPERIMENT NO 7
AIM: Study of implementation of Motor control using PWM method.
connecting leads.
PROGRAM: To monitor the PWM status and control the speed of DC motor in 100% and 25%
duty cycle pulse.
PWM_SW EQU P2.4

INPUT2 EQU P2.2
INPUT1 EQU P2.1
PWM_INPUT EQU P2.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0000H
JMP START
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0200H
START : MOV A, #00H
CLR C
SETB PWM_SW
SETB PWM_INPUT
SETB INPUT1
CLR INPUT2
JNB PWM_SW, FIR_ROU
SJMP START
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FIR_ROU : SETB PWM_SW
CLR PWM_INPUT
LCALL DELAY_1S_2
LCALL DELAY_1S_2
LCALL DELAY_1S_2
LCALL DELAY_1S_2
SETB PWM_INPUT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567,< %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
LCALL DELAY_1S
SJMP FIR_ROU
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_1S_2 : MOV R2, #50
DHERE1_1_1 : MOV R3, #100
DHERE1_2 : NOP
DJNZ R3, DHERE1_2
DJNZ R2, DHERE1_1_1
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_1S : MOV R2,#100
DO3_3 : DEC R2
DJNZ R2, DO3_3
RET
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
END
PROCEDURE:

3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch ‘On’ the
power supply.
4. Program PWM interface.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ \Modules programs\MC05 Drive
module \DC motor interface module\PWM Interface program) in AT89C52 Microcontroller via
programmer.
socket
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to DC motor /PWM interface block socket (MC05) to Port P2 in
NV5001 Trainer.
9. Connect 2 mm patch cord between +12V DC block socket (in NV5001) to +12V DC socket in
DC motor /PWM interface block (in MC05).
11. Check the status of port pins on tp7 to tp11
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+> %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
12. Observe the status of PWM switch at tp11.

13. Observe the rotation speed of DC Motor.
14. Press PWM switch and repeat steps 11 to 13 one time and observe the speed change of DC
motor.
RESULT: Wave observed on CRO and duty cycle is measured.
Question & Answer:
1. How many bytes of internal RAM and ROM supported by 8051 micro controller?
Ans.128 bytes of internal RAM and 4 bytes of ROM.
2. Define machine cycle of 8051?
Ans.8051 machine cycle consists of 6 states, S1 through S7. One state is made up of 2 clock
pulses. Thus 12 clock period constitute one machine cycle. Two clock periods in a state is
termed as phase 1 and phase 2.
3. What are the special function of port 0 of 8051?
Ans.Port 0 is used as a multiplexed low order address/data bus during the external
memory access. When ALE is enabled, the addresses on port 0 pins are latched and bus is
ready to act as a data bus when ALE is low.
4. What are the alternative function of port 3 of 8051?
Ans.Serial data input (P3.0), serial data output (P3.1), external interrupt 0 (P3.2), external
interrupt 1 (P3.3), external input for timer 0(P3.4), external input for timer 1 (P3.5),
external memory write pulse (P3.6), external memory read (P3.7) are the alternative
functions of port 3.
5. What are the use of scratch pad area of internal RAM of 8051?
Ans.In internal RAM 80 bytes constitutes the scratch pad area. The scratch pad bytes can
be programmed as a general purpose registers.
6. What are the flags supported by 8051 controller? –
Ans. Carry flag · Auxiliary carry flag · Over flow flag · General purpose user flag ·
Register bank select bit one · Register bank select bit zero · Parity flag
7. What is meant by Power-on- Reset in 8051 controller?
Ans.When RESET pin is activated, the 8051 jumps to address location 0000H. This is
called as Power-on-Reset. Reset pin is considered as a sixth interrupt source of 8051.
8. What are the significance of SFRs?
Ans. All the controller registers such as port latches, timer register, peripheral control
register, accumulator, PC and DPTR all are available in SFR region.
9. What are the different group of instructions supported by 8051? ·
Ans.Data Transfer Group · Arithmetic Logical Branching Bit manipulation
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+= %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
10. Write a program to mask the 0th and 7th bit using 8051?
Ans:
MOV A,#data
ANL A,#81
MOV DPTR,#4500
MOVX @DPTR,A
LOOP: SJMP LOOP
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
EXPERIMENT NO 8
AIM: Study and observation of Position control of Servo Motor.
APPARATUS: NV5001 Microcontroller development Board, MC-05 Kit, power cord

and
connecting leads.
PROGRAM: To monitor the status of position control switch and control the angle of
servo motor.
SERVO_PIN EQU P2.0

SW_PIN EQU P2.1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------
ORG 0000H
JMP START
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------
ORG 0200H
START : CLR SERVO_PIN
SETB SW_PIN
LOOP_S : LCALL DELAY
SETB SW_PIN
SETB SERVO_PIN
LCALL DELAY_15MS_P
CLR SERVO_PIN
LCALL DELAY_16MS
JNB SW_PIN, SW_1_1
LCALL DELAY
SJMP LOOP_S
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SW_1_1 : LCALL DELAY
SETB SW_PIN
SETB SERVO_PIN
LCALL DELAY_25MS_P
CLR SERVO_PIN
LCALL DELAY_16MS
LCALL DELAY
SJMP SW_1_1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_16MS : MOV R2, #150
DHERE1_16 : MOV R3, #32
DAGAIN_16 : NOP
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567++ %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
DJNZ R3, DAGAIN_16

DJNZ R2, DHERE1_16
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_25MS_P : MOV R2, #20

DHERE1_25_P : MOV R3, #37
DAGAIN_25_P : NOP
DJNZ R3, DAGAIN_25_P
DJNZ R2, DHERE1_25_P
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_15MS_P : MOV R2, #20
DHERE1_15_P : MOV R3, #20
DAGAIN_15_P : NOP
DJNZ R3, DAGAIN_15_P
DJNZ R2, DHERE1_15_P
RET
DELAY : MOV R5, #250
DHERE1 : MOV R4, #220
DAGAIN : NOP
NOP
DJNZ R4, DAGAIN
DJNZ R5, DHERE1
RET
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
END
PROCEDURE:

3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch
‘On’ the power supply.
4. Program servo motor module.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ \Modules
programs\MC05 Drive module \DC motor interface module\Servo motor module) in
AT89C52 Microcontroller via programmer.
programmer ZIF socket
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+8 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%

8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to servo motor interface block socket (MC05) to Port P2
in NV5001 Trainer.
10. Check the status of port pins on tp12 to tp13.
11. Observe servo motor rotates and stop in the centre position or in 90 degree angle.
12. Press position control switch and repeat steps 10.
13. Observe servo motor rotates and stop in l80 degree angle or in a left side position.
RESULT: Angle rotation of the servo motor observed.
Question & Answer:
1. What is a Data pointer register?

Ans.The data pointer register (DPTR) consists of a high byte(DPH) and a low byte (DPL)
functions to hold 16 bit address. It may be manipulated as a 16-bit data register or as
independent 8-bit registers. It serves as a base register in indirect jumps, look up table
instructions and external data transfer.
2. What are the operating modes of 8279?
Ans.1. Input modes · Scanned keyboard · Scanned sensor matrix · Strobed input 2.
Display modes · Left entry (Type writer mode) · Right entry (Calculator mode)
3. What are the different functional units in 8279?
Ans.CPU interface section, Keyboard section, Display section, Scan section
4. What are the priority modes in 8259?
Ans.a. Fully nested mode b. Special fully nested mode c. Rotating Priority mode d.
Special Masked mode e. Polled mode
5. What is IMR(Interrupt mask register)?
Ans.IMR stores the masking bits of the interrupt lines to be masked. This register can be
programmed by an operation command word (OCW).
6. What is priority resolver?
Ans. It determines the priorities of the bits set in the Interrupt request register (IRR).The
bit corresponding to the highest priority interrupt input is set in the ISR during INTA
input.
7. What is the use of IRR?
Ans.The interrupt request register is used to store all the interrupt levels which are
requesting the service. The eight interrupt inputs sets corresponding bits of the Interrupt
Request Register upon the service request.
8. What is Interrupt service register(ISR)?
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+9 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
Ans.The interrupt service register stores all the levels that are currently being serviced.
9. What is the difference between SHLD and LHLD?
Ans.SHLD- Store HL register pair in memory.
This instruction is used to store the contents of H and L register directly in to memory.
LHLD- Load HL register pair from memory. This instruction copies the contents of
memory location given with in the instruction in to the L register and the contents of next
memory location in to the H register.
10. What is the difference between STAX and LDAX?
Ans.STAX rp – Store the contents of Accumulator register (A) in memory location whose
address is specified by BC or DE register pair.
LDAX rp – Load Accumulator register (A) with the contents of memory location whose
address is specified by BC or DE register pair.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+: %

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EXPERIMENT NO 9 (a)
AIM: Study of Programming and Transmission of data through serial port.
connecting leads.
DESCRIPTION: Computer interface module for Microcontroller development board with

programmer trainer is an Extension module. The module has been designed to have a clear
understanding of how serial port and parallel port interfaced devices are controlled and interface
with microcontroller. The apparatus is connected with microcontroller unit and PC. The
computer interface trainer is made in such a way that student can understand the whole concepts
of serial and parallel port and how they are interfaced with microcontroller.
INSTALLATION:
If your computer doesn’t have Hyper Terminal software please follow the below procedure.
1. First go to control panel and click Add/Remove Program.
2. Click Windows Setup.
3. Select Hyperterminal then press OK and click Apply.
4. Select Hyperterminal then press OK and click Apply.
5. Computer will ask for Windows CD for installing Hyperterminal.
6. After installing hyperterminal click cursor on
<start> <programs><Accessories><communications> <Hyperterminal> then open it.
7. Click on < Hyperterminal> icon give ABC in name block and click OK.
8. Select Communication port < Direct to COM1>.
9. For Trainer kit select following COM 1 properties :
Bits per second : 9600
Data bits : 8
Parity : None
Stop bits : 1
Flow control : None
PROGRAM: To transfer the message “YES” serially at 9600 baud, 8 bit data and
1stop bit continuously.
ORG 0000H
JMP START
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0200H
START: MOV A, #00H
MOV PSW, #00H
MOV SBUF, #00H
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+; %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
CLR C
SERI_TRANSMIT: MOV P3, #0FFH
MOV TMOD, #20H
MOV TH1, #0FDH
MOV TL1, #0FDH
MOV SCON, #50H

SETB TR1
CLR TI
CLR RI
MOV A, #"Y"
LCALL TRANSMIT
MOV A, #"E"
LCALL TRANSMIT
MOV A, #"S"
LCALL TRANSMIT
MOV A, #" "
LCALL TRANSMIT
LJMP SERI_TRANSMIT
TRANSMIT: MOV SBUF, A
MOV B, A
HERE_S: JNB TI, HERE_S
CLR TI
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
END
PROCEDURE:

4. Program Serial transmit.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ Modules programs\ MC03
Computer Interface module\Serial port interface module\Serial transmit) in AT89C52
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to Serial port Interface block socket/connector (MC03) to
9. Unplug the serial cable which is connected between programmer unit and PC.
10. Connect serial cable between computer serial port and serial port interface block
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+- %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
female connector (inMC03).

11. Click on < Hyperterminal> icon in your Pc and give ABC in name block then click
OK.
12. Select Communication port < Direct to COM1 > ( If you connect cable to COM1)
13. For Module select following COM 1 properties:
Data bits : 8
Parity : None
Stop bits : 1
Flow control : None
15. Observe transmitted data on Hyperterminal window (message “YES “).This Y, E

and S
character transmitted through microcontroller and received by PC through serial
cable.
16. To see transmitted data connect CRO probe between tp1, tp2, tp3 & tp4 test points
and
observe it.
RESULT: Data ‘yes’ is checked on Hyper Terminal transferred by serial port.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567+< %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
EXPERIMENT 9 (b)
AIM: Study of Programming and Reception of data through serial port.
connecting leads.
PROGRAM: To receive bytes of data serially and put them in P0. Set the baud rate at 9600,
8- bit data and 1 stop bit.
RS_LCD EQU P2.5

RW_LCD EQU P2.6
E_LCD EQU P2.7
ORG 0000H
JMP START
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 0200H
START: MOV PSW, #00H
CLR C
MOV P0, #00H
MOV A, #00H
LCALL LCDINIT
MOV A, #084H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"N"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"v"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"i"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #"s"
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
LOOP_RECEIVE: MOV SBUF, #00H
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOV A, #00H
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678> %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
MOV B, #00H
MOV P0, #00H
MOV P3, #0FFH
MOV TMOD, #20H

MOV TH1, #0FDH
MOV TL1, #0FDH
MOV SCON, #50H
SETB TR1
CLR RI
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HERE_RECEIVE: JNB RI, HERE_RECEIVE
MOV A, SBUF
MOV B, A
MOV A, #084H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #" "
LCALL DISPLAY
MOV A, #084H
LCALL COMMAND
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOV A, B
LCALL DISPLAY
CLR RI
LJMP LOOP_RECEIVE
LCDINIT: MOV A, #38H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #0CH
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678= %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #01H
LCALL COMMAND
MOV A, #06H
LCALL COMMAND
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMMAND:
ACALL READY
MOV P0, A
CLR RS_LCD
CLR RW_LCD
SETB E_LCD
CLR E_LCD
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISPLAY:
ACALL READY
MOV P0, A
SETB RS_LCD
CLR RW_LCD
SETB E_LCD
CLR E_LCD
RET
READY: SETB P0.7
CLR RS_LCD
SETB RW_LCD
WAIT: CLR E_LCD
SETB E_LCD
JB P0.7, WAIT
RET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELAY_1S:
MOV R2, #11
DO3: MOV R3, #98
DHERE1: MOV R4, #106
DAGAIN: NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
DJNZ R4, DAGAIN
DJNZ R3, DHERE1
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
DJNZ R2, DO3

RET
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
END
PROCEDURE:

4. Program Serial receive.hex file (Via CD - NV5001/ Modules programs\ MC03
Computer Interface module\Serial port interface module\Serial receive) in AT89C52
7. Insert programmed microcontroller to microcontroller unit ZIF socket.
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to Serial port Interface block socket/connector (MC03) to
9. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to LCD Interface block left side socket/connector
10. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to LCD Interface block right side socket/connector
11. Unplug the serial cable which is connected between programmer unit and PC.
12. Connect serial cable between computer serial port and serial port interface block
female connector (inMC03).
13. Click on < Hyperterminal> icon in your PC and give ABC in name block then click
OK.
14. Select Communication port < Direct to COM1 > ( If you connect cable to COM1).
15. For Module select following COM 1 properties:
Data bits : 8
Parity : None
Stop bits : 1
Flow control : None
17. “Nvis” is displayed on LCD screen.
18. Now press any key from keyboard (Keep cursor on hyper window).The character
you pressed is displayed on LCD. The character is received by microcontroller via
serial cable and displayed on LCD.
19. To see received data connect CRO probe between tp1 & tp3 test point and ground.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678+ %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
20. To see received data connect CRO probe between tp3 & tp4 test point and ground.
RESULT: Serial data is observed on port 0.
Question & Answer:
1. Translator for low level programming language were termed as

Ans.assembler.
2. Load address for the first word of the program is called
Ans. load address origin.
3. Shell is the exclusive feature of
Ans. UNIX.
4. A program in execution is called
Ans. process.
5. A scheduler which selects processes from secondary storage device is called
Ans.medium term scheduler.
6. The term ‘page traffic’ describes
Ans.the movement of pages in and out of memory.
7. Program ‘preemption’ is
Ans. forced de allocation of the CPU from a program which is executing on the
CPU.
8. ‘LRU’ page replacement policy is
Ans.least recently used.
9. “Throughput” of a system is
Ans.number of programs processed by it per unit time.
10. Nested Macro calls are expanded using the
Ans.LIFO (Last in First out).
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%456788 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
EXPERIMENT NO 10
AIM: To study implementation and programming of Pressure measurement.
connecting leads.
DESCRIPTION: Sensor module, MC15 has input and output terminals for connection
of External real world applications. Pressure Sensor and Temperature Sensor Interface
Module MC15 is generally used in the applications such as Monitoring and
Controlling in Industries and many more.
PROGRAM:
#include <LPC214x.H> /* LPC214x definitions */

#include <stdio.h>
/************************************************************************
* Function Prototypes
************************************************************************/
void LCD_Init(void); /* LCD Init Function */
void LCD_Delay(unsigned int); /* LCD Delay Function */
void LCD_Cmd(unsigned long); /* LCD Command Function */
void LCD_Data(unsigned long); /* LCD Data Function */
void LCD_Disp(unsigned char, char *); /* LCD Display Function */
void display_lcd1 (unsigned char location, char *d);
void ADC_Init(void); /* ADC Init Function */
void ADC_Convert(unsigned int); /* ADC Display Function */
void ADC_CALL(void);
/**************************************************************************
* LCD Pin Out Description
***************************************************************************
/
#define RS_Set IO1SET = 0x20000000;
#define RS_Clr IO1CLR = 0x20000000;
#define EN_Set IO1SET = 0x80000000;
#define EN_Clr IO1CLR = 0x80000000;
unsigned int ADC_Val; /* ADC Result (HEX)
*/
unsigned int FirstBit,SecondBit,ThrdBit,FourthBit;
/**************************************************************************
*Delay
*Description : This function provide Delay in Mili Sec.
***************************************************************************
/
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%456789 %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
void LCD_Delay(unsigned int Time)

{
unsigned int i,j;
for(i=0;i<=Time;i++)
for(j=0;j<110;j++);
}
/**************************************************************************
*
* ADC initialization
* Description: This function initializes the LCD module by the following steps:
*1. Select ADC Channel
*2. Set A/D: 10-bit AIN0 @ 12MHz
* Note: This function should be called once before any of the other functions of ADC.
***************************************************************************
/
void ADC_Init()
{
PINSEL0 |= 0x00003000; /* channel
AD1.0*/
AD1CR = 0x01210400; /* Setup A/D: 10-bit AIN0 @ 3MHz
*/
}
/**************************************************************************
*
* ADC Conversion
* Description: This function convert ADC data into ASCII by the following steps:
* 1. Convert each byte into ASCII
* 2. Each Value will be used for LCD Display
* Arguments : 'RADC_Value' is the Value which needs to convert in ASCII.
***************************************************************************
/
void ADC_Convert(unsigned int ADC_Value)
{
unsigned int X,Y,Z; /* Intermidiate Variables
*/
FirstBit=0,SecondBit=0,ThrdBit=0,FourthBit=0;
X = ADC_Value/10;
FirstBit = ADC_Value%10;
FirstBit = 0x30|FirstBit; /* First Byte(LSB)
*/
Y = X/10;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678: %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
SecondBit = X % 10;
SecondBit = 0x30|SecondBit; /* Second Byte
*/
Z = Y/10;
ThrdBit = Y % 10;
ThrdBit = 0x30|ThrdBit; /* Third Byte */
FourthBit = Z; /* Last Byte(MSB) */
FourthBit=0x30|FourthBit;
}
/**************************************************************************
*
* LCD initialization
* Description : This function initializes the LCD module by the following steps:
* 1. Set 8bit : 2 Line 5x7 Dots (0x38)
* 2. Display On curser Off (0x0C)
* 3. Clear Display (0x01)
*4. Entry Mode (0x06)
* Note: This function should be called once before any of the other functions
**************************************************************************/
void LCD_Init(void)
{
LCD_Cmd(0x38); /* Function Set 8bit : 2 Line 5x7 Dots */
LCD_Cmd(0x0C); /* Display On curser Off */
LCD_Cmd(0x01); /* Clear Display */
LCD_Cmd(0X06); /* Entry Mode */

}
/**************************************************************************
*
* LCD Command (Shifting is Done here)
* Note : Here we have selected Pin P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line that’s
* why we need to shift data by 16.
***************************************************************************
/
void LCD_Cmd(unsigned long Cmd)
{
unsigned long Shifted_Cmd;
Shifted_Cmd = Cmd << 16; /* because We have selected P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line
*/
RS_Clr; /* RS Pin
Clear */
LCD_Delay(10); /* Delay for
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678; %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
Clock*/
EN_Set; /* Enable Pin
SET */
LCD_Delay(10);
IO1SET = Shifted_Cmd; /* Write Command Value to LCD Data
Pin */
LCD_Delay(20); /* Delay for enable
Clock*/
EN_Clr; /* Enable Pin
Clear */
LCD_Delay(10);
IO1CLR = 0x00FF0000; /* Clear All pins of
LCD */
}
/**************************************************************************
*
* LCD Data
* Description: This function initializes the LCD module by the following steps:
* 1. Set Register select(RS) to High
* 2. Set enable pin high to low
* 3. Send data to LCd data pin
* Note: Here we have selected Port 1 Pin P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line
* thats why we need to shift data by 16.
***************************************************************************
/
void LCD_Data(unsigned long Data)
{
RS_Set; /* RS Pin Clear
*/
Clock*/
EN_Set; /* Enable Pin SET
*/
LCD_Delay(10);
IO1SET = Data << 16; /* Write Command Value to LCD Data Pin
*/
Clock*/
EN_Clr; /* Enable Pin Clear
*/
LCD_Delay(10);
LCD */
}
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678- %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
/**************************************************************************
*
* LCD Display
* 1. Send Loc from where data needs to write
* 2. Display string on LCD

***************************************************************************
/
void LCD_Disp(unsigned char Loc, char *String)
{
LCD_Cmd(Loc); /* Send Command to LCD
*/
while(*String) /* wait untill Null char come
*/
{
LCD_Data(*String++); /* Write data to LCD
*/
IO1CLR = 0x00FF0000; /* Clear All pins of LCD
*/
}
}
void display_lcd1 (unsigned char location, char *d)

{
unsigned long shift_data;
shift_data= 0x80 | location;
shift_data= shift_data<<16;
LCD_Cmd(shift_data);
LCD_Delay(100);
while(*d)
{
LCD_Data(*d++);
LCD_Delay(100);
IO1CLR = 0x00FF0000; // ADDED NEW
}
}
void ADC_CALL(void)
{
AD1CR |= 0x01000000; /* start of ADC conversion
*/
do{
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45678< %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
ADC_Val = AD1DR0; /* 10 bit value

*/
}while ((ADC_Val & 0x80000000) == 0); /* Wait ADC Conversion Complete
*/
AD1CR &= ~0x01000000; /* Again start ADC

*/
ADC_Val = (ADC_Val >> 6) & 0x03FE;
}
/**************************************************************************
*
* Main: Initialize and start RTX Kernel
* Description : This function Initialize the LCD,RTC and ADC and RTX Kernal
***************************************************************************
/
int main (void) /* program exec. starts here */
{
float volt[20],dispvolt;
char k[5];int i;
IO1DIR = 0xFFFF0000; /* Define Port pin P1.16 to P1.31 as Output for LCD
*/
LCD_Init(); /* LCD Initialize
*/
ADC_Init(); * ADC Initialize
*/
display_lcd1(0x80," Voltage");
while(1)
{
for(i=0;i<=19;i++)
{
ADC_CALL();
volt[i] = (ADC_Val * 3.3) / 1023.0;
}
dispvolt =
(volt[0]+volt[1]+volt[2]+volt[3]+volt[4]+volt[5]+volt[6]+volt[7]+volt[8]+volt[9]+volt[10]+
volt[11] +volt[12]+volt[13]+volt[14]+volt[15]+volt[16]+volt[17]+volt[18]+volt[19])/20;
sprintf(k,"%f",dispvolt + 0.01);
LCD_Cmd(0xC6);
LCD_Data(k[0]);
LCD_Cmd(0xC7);
LCD_Data(k[1]);
LCD_Cmd(0xC8);
LCD_Data(k[2]);
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679> %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCD_Cmd(0xC9);
LCD_Data(k[3]);
LCD_Cmd(0xCA);
LCD_Data(k[4]);
LCD_Cmd(0xCC);
LCD_Data('V');
LCD_Delay(200000);
}
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* end of file
*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
Pressure Sensor Module MC-15 with NV500X series
PROCEDURE:
1. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable between Sensor Module (MC15) & Port of
NV500Xseries Trainer as mentioned in respective programs.
2. Connect LCD Module compatible with NV500X series Trainer LCD Data and
Control Pins to Ports of NV500X series trainers as mentioned in respective programs
(Optional).
3. Make the connection of Sensor Module with NV500X series as given in the
respective program.
4. Observer the voltage that is being displayed on the LCD and note down the readings.
RESULT: Pressure measured and corresponding digital value observed on the LCD.
Question & Answer:
1. A UNIX device driver is

Ans.structured into two halves called top half and bottom half.
2. Before proceeding with its execution, each process must acquire all the resources it
needs is called
Ans. hold and wait.
3. Resolution of externally defined symbols is performed
Ans. by linker.
4. Access time is faster for
Ans. SRAM.
5. For the most static RAM, the write pulse width should be at least
Ans.60 ns.
6. For the most static RAM, the maximum access time is about
Ans.100ns.
7. An embedded microcontroller means
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679= %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
Ans. a microcontroller with external memories storing the embedded software.

8. The translator which perform macro expansion is called a
Ans. Macro pre-processor.
9. Symbolic names can be associated with
Ans.data or instruction.
10. The scheduling in which CPU is allocated to the process with least CPU-burst time is
called Ans.Shortest job first Scheduling.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
EXPERIMENT NO 11
AIM: To study implementation and programming of Temperature measurement.
connecting leads.
PROGRAM:
#include <LPC214x.H> /* LPC214x definitions

*/
#include <stdio.h>
/****************************************************************************
*
Function Prototypes
void LCD_Init(void); /* LCD Init Function
*/
void LCD_Delay(unsigned int); /* LCD Delay Function
*/
void LCD_Cmd(unsigned long); /* LCD Command Function
*/ void LCD_Data(unsigned long); /* LCD Data Function
*/ void LCD_Disp(unsigned char,unsigned char *); /* LCD Display
Function */
void ADC_CALL(void);
void ADC_Init(void); /* ADC Init Function
*/
void ADC_Convert(unsigned int); /* ADC Display Function
*/
/****************************************************************************
*
* LCD Pin Out Discription
#define RS_Set IO1SET = 0x20000000;
#define RS_Clr IO1CLR = 0x20000000;
#define RW_Set IO1SET = 0x40000000;

#define RW_Clr IO1CLR = 0x40000000;
#define EN_Set IO1SET = 0x80000000;

#define EN_Clr IO1CLR = 0x80000000;
unsigned int ADC_Val; /* ADC Result (HEX)

*/
unsigned int FirstBit,SecondBit,ThrdBit,FourthBit;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679+ %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
/****************************************************************************
** *D
* Description : This function provide Delay in Mili Sec.
*****************************************************************************
*/
void Delay(unsigned int Time)
{
unsigned int i,j;
for(j=0;j<1275;j++);
}
/****************************************************************************
*
* LCD_Delay
* Description : This function provide Delay in Mili Sec.
*****************************************************************************
*/
void LCD_Delay(unsigned int Time)
{
unsigned int i,j;
for(j=0;j<1005;j++);
}
/****************************************************************************
***
* ADC initialization
* 1. Select ADC Channel
* 2. Set A/D: 10-bit AIN0 @ 12MHz
* Note: This function should be called once before any of the other functions of ADC.
*****************************************************************************
***/
void ADC_Init()
{
PINSEL0 |= 0x00003000; /* channel
AD1.0*/
AD1CR |= 0x01210400;
}
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%456798 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
/****************************************************************************
**
* ADC Conversion
* Description : This function convert ADC data into ASCII by the following steps:*
* 1. Conver each byte into ASCII
* 2. Each Value will be used for LCD Display
* Arguments : 'RADC_Value' is the Value which needs to convert in ASCII.
*****************************************************************************
**/
void ADC_Convert(unsigned int ADC_Value)
{
unsigned int X,Y,Z; /* Intermidiate
Variables */
FirstBit=0,SecondBit=0,ThrdBit=0,FourthBit=0;
X = ADC_Value/10;
FirstBit = ADC_Value%10;
FirstBit = 0x30|FirstBit; /* First Byte
(LSB) */
Y = X/10;
SecondBit = X % 10;
SecondBit = 0x30|SecondBit; /* Second
Byte */
Z = Y/10;
ThrdBit = Y % 10;
ThrdBit = 0x30|ThrdBit; /* Third
Byte */
FourthBit = Z; /* Last
Byte(MSB) */
FourthBit=0x30|FourthBit;
}
/****************************************************************************
*
* LCD initialization
* 1. Set 8bit : 2 Line 5x7 Dots (0x38)
* 2. Display On curser Off (0x0C)
* 3. Clear Display (0x01)
* 4. Entry Mode (0x06)
* Note : This function should be called once before any of the other functions
*****************************************************************************
**/
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%456799 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
void LCD_Init(void)
{
LCD_Cmd(0x38); /* Function Set 8bit : 2 Line 5x7
Dots */
LCD_Cmd(0x0C); /* Display On curser
Off */
LCD_Cmd(0x01); /* Clear
Display */
LCD_Cmd(0X06); /* Entry
Mode */
}
/****************************************************************************
** *L
* Note : Here we have selected Pin P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line thats why we need to
* shift data by 16.
*****************************************************************************
**/
void LCD_Cmd(unsigned long Cmd)
{
unsigned long Shifted_Cmd;
Shifted_Cmd = Cmd << 16; /* because we have selected P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line
*/
// RW_Clr; /* RW Pin Clear
*/
RS_Clr; /* RS Pin Clear

*/
Clock*/
EN_Set; /* Enable Pin SET
*/
LCD_Delay(5);
IO1SET = Shifted_Cmd; /* Write Command Value to LCD Data Pin
*/
Clock*/
EN_Clr; /* Enable Pin Clear
*/
LCD_Delay(5);
IO1CLR = 0x00FF0000; /* Clear All pins of LCD
*/
}
/****************************************************************************
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679: %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
* LCD Data
* 1. Set Register select(RS) to High
* 2. Set enable pin high to low
* 3. Send data to LCd data pin
* Note: Here we have selected Port 1 Pin P1.16 to P1.23 as LCD data line thats why we need to
shift
data by 16.
*****************************************************************************
**/
void LCD_Data(unsigned long Data)

{
RS_Set; /* RS Pin
Clear */
Clock*/
EN_Set; /* Enable Pin
SET */
LCD_Delay(5);
IO1SET = Data << 16; /* Write Command Value to LCD Data
Pin */
Clock*/
EN_Clr; /* Enable Pin
Clear */
LCD_Delay(5);
LCD */
}
/****************************************************************************
**
* LCD Display
* 1. Send Loc from where data needs to write
* 2. Display string on LCD
*****************************************************************************
*/
void LCD_Disp(unsigned char Loc, unsigned char *String)

{
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679; %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCD_Cmd(Loc); /* Send Command to

LCD */
while(*String != '\n') /* Wait untill Null char
come */
{
LCD_Data(*String++); /* Write data to
LCD */
LCD_Delay(10);
CLR = 0x00FF0000; /* Clear All pins of LCD
*/
}
}
void ADC_CALL(void)
{
do{
ADC_Val = AD1DR0; /* 10 bit
value */
}while ((ADC_Val & 0x80000000) == 0); /* Wait ADC Conversion
Complete */
AD1CR &= ~0x01000000; /* Again start

ADC */
ADC_Val = (ADC_Val >> 6) & 0x03FE;
}
/****************************************************************************
**
* Main: Initialize and start RTX Kernel
* Description : This function Initialize the LCD,RTC and ADC and RTX Kernal
*****************************************************************************
*/
int main (void) /* program exec. starts here
*/
{
int i;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679- %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
float temp[10],
disptemp;IO1DIR = 0xF8FF0000; /* Define Port pin P1.16 to P1.31 as Output for
LCD */
LCD_Init(); /* LCD
Initialize */
ADC_Init(); /* ADC
Initialize*/
LCD_Cmd(0x01); /* Clear
Display */
while(1) /* Loop
Continue*/
{
LCD_Cmd(0x83); /* Set Curser at
'0x83' */
LCD_Data('T'); /* Display ADC Value on
LCD */
LCD_Cmd(0x84);
LCD_Data('e');
LCD_Cmd(0x85);
LCD_Data('m');
LCD_Cmd(0x86);
LCD_Data('p');
LCD_Cmd(0x87);
LCD_Data('e');
LCD_Cmd(0x88);
LCD_Data('r');
LCD_Cmd(0x89);
LCD_Data('a');
LCD_Cmd(0x8A);
LCD_Data('t');
LCD_Cmd(0x8B);
LCD_Data('u');
LCD_Cmd(0x8C);
LCD_Data('r');
LCD_Cmd(0x8D);
LCD_Data('e');
for(i=0;i<=9;i++)
{
ADC_CALL();
temp[i] = ((ADC_Val * 10) /33);
}
disptemp =
(temp[0]+temp[1]+temp[2]+temp[3]+temp[4]+temp[5]+temp[6]+temp[7]+temp[8]+temp[9])/10
;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%45679< %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
// ADC_Val = ADC_Val /4;

//ADC_Val = ((ADC_Val * 10) /33);
ADC_Convert(disptemp + 4);
/* Convert ADC value into ASCII for LCD Display */
LCD_Cmd(0xC5); /* Display ADC Value on LCD

*/
LCD_Data(ThrdBit);
LCD_Cmd(0xC6);
LCD_Data(SecondBit);
LCD_Cmd(0xC7);
LCD_Data(FirstBit) ;
LCD_Cmd(0xC8);
LCD_Data(0xDF) ;
LCD_Cmd(0xC9);
LCD_Data('C') ;
Delay(10000); /* Delay */
}
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* end of file
*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-*/
Temperature Sensor Module MC-15 with NV500X series
PROCEDURE:
1. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable between Sensor Module (MC15) & Port of NV500Xseries Trainer
as mentioned in respective programs.
2. Connect LCD Module compatible with NV500X series Trainer LCD Data and Control Pins to
Ports of NV500X series trainers as mentioned in respective programs (Optional).
3. Make the connection of Sensor Module with NV500X series as given in the respective
program.
4. Connect +12V DC supply from respective NV500X series trainer.
5. Observer the voltage that is being displayed on the LCD and note down the readings.
RESULT: Temperature varying digital readings observed.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:> %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
Question & Answer:
1. The term ‘page traffic’ describes

Ans.the movement of pages in and out of memory.
2. An imperative statement indicates
Ans.an action to be performed during execution of assembled program.
3. A linker program links
Ans.the program with other programs needed for its execution.
4. A critical section is a program segment
\ Ans.where shared resources are accessed.
5. The syntax of the assembler directive EQU is
Ans.<symbol>EQU<address space>.
6. The translator which perform macro expansion is called a
Ans. Macro pre-processor.
7. Interval between the time of submission and completion of the job is called
Ans.Turnaround time.
8. The “turn-around” time of a user job is
Ans. the total time taken to execute the job.
9. Memory utilization factor shall be computed as follows
Ans. memory in use/total memory connected.
10. Program generation activity aims
Ans. at automatic generation of program.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:= %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
PIC MICROCONTROLLER
EXPERIMENT NO.12
AIM: Study and analysis of interfacing of graphical LCD using PIC Controller.
APPARATUS: NV5002 Trainer, Graphical Display module, Two 20 Pin FRC Cable
THEORY: This module provides an interface to JHD12864J Graphical LCD module of size
128x64 dots Display controller chip is KS0107/8.
LCD pinout function summarized as below

* pin 1 Vss - 0V
* pin 2 Vdd - 5.0V
* pin 3 Vo - LCD Drive Voltage (adjust contrast, trimmer to Vee in our case)
* pin 4 D/I- GLCD_RS (H:Data, L:Command (data or command control))
* pin 5 R/W - GLCD_RW (H:Read, L:Write (read status or write data/command))
* pin 6 E-GLCD_EN (H/H->L (Strobe signal, H->L effective))
* pin 7:14 DB0:DB7- LCD_DATA
* pin 15 CS1- GLCD_CS1 (left, high effective)
* pin 16 CS2- GLCD_CS2 (right, high effective)
* pin 17 RST- GLCD_RST (reset pin, low effective)
* pin 18 Vee- -10.0V, LCD driving voltage. There is a Vee generator built-in LCD module, thus
* there is no need to use external generator IC
* pin 19 EL1 / A - LCD_BL (Depends on the backlight option.If it's a LED backlight, it's an
anode.
* If it is EL type, this is EL controller input)
* pin 20 EL2 / K - GND (Cathode for LED-backlight. EL input (OR NC) for EL-backlight
model)
PROGRAM:
LIST P=16F877
INCLUDE "P16F877.INC"
ORG 0000H
REG2: EQU 20H

DLY2: EQU 21H
DLY3: EQU 22H
PTR: EQU 23H
TEMP1: EQU 24H
TEMP2: EQU 25H
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
ORG 0000H
GOTO START
ORG 0004H
RETFIE
ORG 0005H
START: BSF STATUS,RP0
BCF STATUS,RP1
MOVLW 00H
MOVWF TRISC ;PORTC,PORTD AS OUTPUT
MOVWF TRISD
BCF STATUS,RP0
CLRF PIR1
CLRF CCP1CON
; INITIALIZATION OF LCD
INIT: BCF PORTD,0

BCF PORTD,1
BCF PORTD,2 ;MAKE RS,R/W,EN LOW
MOVLW 30H ;OUTPUT 30H ON DATA BUS
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1 ;CALL WRITE CYCLE
CALL DELAY3 ;CALL DELAY ROUTINE FOR LCD
MOVLW 30H
MOVWF PORTC ;OUTPUT 30H ON DATA BUS
CALL WRITE1 ;CALL WRITE CYCLE
CALL DELAY1
MOVLW 38H
MOVWF PORTC ;OUTPUT 38H ON DATA BUS
CALL WRITE1
CALL DELAY1
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1
CALL DELAY1
MOVLW 01 ;OUTPUT 01H ON DATA BUS
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1
CALL DELAY1
MOVWF PORTC
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:+ %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
CALL WRITE1
CALL DELAY1
MOVLW 0CH ;OUTPUT 0CH ON DATA BUS
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1
CALL DELAY1
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1
BCF PORTD,0
CALL DISPLAY1 ;DISPLAY
CALL DELAY1
MOVLW 0C0H ;OUTPUT 0C0H ON DATA BUS
MOVWF PORTC
CALL WRITE1
MOVLW 10
MOVWF TEMP2
CALL LOP1 ;DISPLAY
SLF1: GOTO SLF1
WRITE1: BCF PORTD,0 ;

BCF PORTD,1 ; RS,R/W,EN low
BCF PORTD,2 ;
NOP
NOP
NOP
BSF PORTD,2 ; EN high
CALL DELAY1
BCF PORTD,2 ; EN low
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
BSF PORTD,0 ;RW HIGH
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
BCF PORTD,0 ; R/W low
RETURN
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:8 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
DELAY1: MOVLW 0FFH

MOVWF DLY2
LOOP3: NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
DECFSZ DLY2,1
GOTO LOOP3
RETURN
DELAY3: MOVLW 10H
MOVWF DLY3
LOOP2: MOVLW 0FFH
MOVWF DLY2
LOOP1: DECFSZ DLY2,1
GOTO LOOP1
DECFSZ DLY3,1
GOTO LOOP2
RETURN
DISPLAY2:MOVF REG2,0
MOVWF PORTC
BSF PORTD,1 ; RS high
BSF PORTD,2 ; EN high
CALL DELAY1
BCF PORTD,2 ; EN low
BSF PORTD,0 ; RW HIGH
BCF PORTD,1
BCF PORTD,0 ;R/W LOW
RETURN
DISPLAY1: MOVLW 10
MOVWF TEMP2
MOVLW 0
MOVWF TEMP1
LOP1: CALL CODE2
MOVWF REG2
CALL DISPLAY2
INCF TEMP1,1
DECFSZ TEMP2,1
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:9 %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
GOTO LOP1
BCF PORTD,0 ; R/W LOW
RETURN
CODE2: MOVF TEMP1,0

ADDWF PCL,1
RETLW 57H ;'W'
RETLW 45H ;'E'
RETLW 4CH ;'L'
RETLW 43H ;'C '
RETLW 4FH ;'O'
RETLW 4DH ; M
RETLW 45H ;'E'
RETLW 20H ;
RETLW 54H ;'T'
RETLW 4FH ;'O'
RETLW 20H ;
RETLW 4BH ;'K'
RETLW 4EH ;'N'
RETLW 4FH ;'O'
RETLW 57H ;'W'
RETLW 4CH ;'L'
CC2: RETLW 45H ;'E'

RETLW 4DH ; M
RETLW 42H ;'B'
RETLW 45H ;'E'
RETLW 44H ;'D'
RETLW 44H ; D
RETLW 45H ; E
RETLW 44H ; D
RETLW 20H
RETLW 54H ;'T'
RETLW 52H ;'R'
RETLW 41H ;'A'
RETLW 49H ;'I'
RETLW 4EH ;'N'
RETLW 45H ; E
RETLW 52H ;'R'
RETLW 20H ;
END
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:: %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
PROCEDURE:
1. Insert PIC16F877 Microcontroller in Programmer unit (in NV5002).

3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5001) and switch on the
power supply.
4. Program LCD interface Graphical_LCD.hex file (Via CD - NV5002/ Modules programs\MC-
09 Display module\ Graphical Display module).
socket
8. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to graphical display module Interface block left side
socket/connector (MC09) to Port P1 in NV5002 Trainer.
9. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to graphical display module Interface block right side
Socket/connector (MC09) to Port P3 in NV5002 Trainer.
10. Turn contrast control potentiometer in graphical display module interface block to clockwise
position (in MC09).
11. Turn Backlight control potentiometer in graphical display module interface block to
anticlockwise position (in MC09).
13. Observe “------ABBBBBBB----------------------------“ is coming on graphical display module
and after some delay below mentioned picture will displayMC09 .
14. Observe the output waveform between R/W pin of graphical LCD (P1.1) and ground, on
oscilloscope.
15. Turn contrast control potentiometer and observe the contrast change on LCD.
16. Turn Backlight control potentiometer and observe the change on backlight of LCD.MC09
RESULT: Characters displayed on the LCD screen.
Question & Answer(Instruction Set)
1. SWAP A performs Alsn !Amsn; 1 byte instruction with 1 cycle.

2. LCALL addr 16 performs PC+3 ! [SP]; addr 16 ! PC 3 bytes instruction with 2 cycle.
3. RET performs (SP) ! PC; 1 byte instruction with 2 cycle.
4. SJMP rel performs PC+2+rel ! PC; 2 byte instruction with 2 cycle.
5. DAA performs Abin ! Adec; 1 byte instruction with 1 cycle.
6. ANL C,bit performs C AND bit ! C; 2 byte instruction with 1 cycle.
7. NOP performs PC+1!PC ; 1 byte instruction with 1 cycle.
8. ladd long address of 16 bits from 0000h to FFFFh.
9. add address of the internal RAM from 00h to FFh.
10. radd relative address, a signed number from -128d to +127d.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:; %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
PIC MICROCONTROLLER
EXPERIMENT NO.13
AIM: To interface PWM based voltage regulator using PIC microcontroller.
APPARATUS: NV5002 Trainer, 2mm Patch Cords 8, Learning Material CD, MC-16.
THEORY: (MC16) PWM based Voltage Regulator for Microcontroller development board
with programmer trainer is an Extension module. The module has been designed to have a
clear understanding of how a PWM is Converted into Voltage .PWM based Voltage Regulator
module enable students and practicing engineers to gain invaluable practical experience of
voltage regulation using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The object is to have a clear
understanding of how PWM is generated using microcontroller to use in various applications
like Servo Motor speed control etc. The object is to connect and program a microcontroller to
generate PWM of any duty cycle and convert it into voltage. It has input and output terminals
for connection of external real world applications.
PROGRAM:
Experiment (a) Generating PWM from Microcontroller
Programming Steps:
To generate the PWM of varying duty cycle 0 to100% and than from 100 to 0% continuously.
#include<pic.h> /* include controller specific header file */

/********************************************************************
* Description: Configuration Bit Setting.
*********************************************************************/
__CONFIG (WDTDIS & LVPDIS & PWRTEN & XT);
/********************************************************************
*Delay_ms
* Description: This function provides Delay in Milisec.
**********************************************************************/
void Delay_ms(unsigned int rTime)
{
unsigned int x,y;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:- %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
for(x=0;x<rTime;x++)
for(y=0;y<500;y++);
}
}
void main()
{
unsigned char Counter ;
TRISC = 0 ; /* Set PORTC as output */

/* Ensure that your PWM pin is configured as digital output*/
PORTC = 0 ; /* Clear PORTC */
* PWM registers configuration
* Fosc = 4000000 Hz
* Fpwm = 40000.00 Hz
* Duty Cycle = 100 %
* PR2 = 0b01111100 ; /* TIMER2 Period Register */
T2CON = 0b00000111 ; /* TIMER2 Control Register */
CCP1CON = 0b00111100 ; /* PWM1 Control Register */
CCP2CON = 0b00111100 ; /* PWM2 Control Register */
CCPR1L = 0b01111100 ; /* PWM1 Data Register*/
CCPR2L = 0b01111100 ; /* PWM2 Data Register*/
while(1)
{
/* Forever*/
for(Counter = 0 ; Counter < 128 ; Counter++)
{
CCPR1L = Counter ; /* PWM1 Data Register */
CCPR2L = 128 - Counter ; /* PWM1 Data Register */
Delay_ms(10) ;
}
for (Counter = 127 ; Counter > 0 ; Counter--)
{
CCPR1L = Counter ;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567:< %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
CCPR2L = 128 - Counter ;

Delay_ms(10) ;
}
}
}
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;> %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
PROCEDURE:
1. Insert PIC 18F77A Microcontroller in Programmer unit (in NV5002).
3. Switch ‘On’ the programmer switch in programmer unit (in NV5002) and switch ‘On’
the power supply.
4. Program PWM Interface. hex file (Via CD -NV5002/Modules Programs\MC16).
5. Remove the programmed controller from programmer ZIF socket.
6. Insert programmed microcontroller to “PIC Controller” unit ZIF socket.
7. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to PWM Based Voltage Regulator socket (MC16) to Port
RC in NV5002 Trainer.
8. Press Reset Switch on the NV5002 Trainer.
9. Check the PWM signal on PWM1 and PWM2 using CRO or DSO on MC16.
RESULT: PWM signal observed on the CRO.
EXPERIMENT No 13 (b)
AIM: Converting PWM to DC Voltage.
PROCEDURE:
1. Burn Hex file into PIC16F877A by following Experiment 1 and insert

programmed Microcontroller to microcontroller unit ZIF socket.
2. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to PWM Based Voltage Regulator socket (MC16) to Port
RC in NV5002 Trainer.
3. Connect a patch cord from PWM1 to PWM Input socket.
4. Switch ‘On’ the Power Supply (NV5002).
5. Press Reset Switch from NV5002 Trainer.
6. Now set a multimeter to check “DC Voltage” mode
7. Now check voltage at Vout using multimeter with respect to ground.
8. Voltage vary from 0 to 5V and than decrease from 5 to 0V continuously.
9. Follow the same process for PWM2 socket also.
RESULT: Corresponding value of observed on multimeter.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;= %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
EXPERIMENT No13 (c)
AIM: Amplifying PWM generated voltage to gain of 2 using Amplifier.
PROCEDURE:
1. Burn Hex file into PIC16F877A by following Experiment 1 and insert programmed
Microcontroller to microcontroller unit ZIF socket.
2. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable to PWM Based Voltage Regulator socket (MC16) to Port RC in
NV5002 Trainer.
3. Connect a patch cord from PWM1 to PWM Input socket.
4. Connect a patch cord from Vout to Input socket of Amplifier block.
5. Connect a patch cord between +12V DC Supply (on NV5002) & +12V socket of Amplifier
block (on MC16).
6. Switch ‘On’ the Power Supply (NV5002).
7. Press Reset Switch from NV5002 Trainer.
8. Now take two separate multimeters.
9. Set multimeters to “DC Voltage” Mode.
10. Now connect one multimeter to Vout socket with respect to ground.
11. Connect another multimeter to Output socket of Amplifier bolck with respect to ground.
12. Now observe voltages on Vout and Output of Amplifier Bolck.
13. Now user can vary gain of Amplifier by varying Amplifier potentiometer.
14. Set pot of Amplifier to Unity Gain by rotating it fully clockwise direction and observe voltage.
Both multimeres will display approximately same voltage level.
15. Now set pot of Amplifier to Gain of 2 by rotating it fully counter clockwise direction and
observe voltage. The voltage level of Output terminal of Amplifier is approximately double
of Vout terminal.
16. Follow the same process for PWM2 terminal also.
RESULT: Amplified value observed on Multimeter.
Question & Answer(Istruction SET)
1. bcf f,b performs clear bit b of register f.

2. bsf f,b performs set b of register f.
3. movlw k instruction move literal k to W register.
4. Swap f,F(W) instruction swapnibbles of f; putting result in F or W.
5. Iorlw k instruction performs inclusive OR literal value into W.
6. Iorwf f,F(W) instruction performs inclusive OR W with f and put the result in F or W.
7. clrwdt instruction reset watchdog timer if enabled.
8. sleep instruction stop clock, reduce power and wait for watchdog timer or external signal to begin
program execution again.
9. nop instruction does nothing and waits for a cycle.
10. Retfie instruction reenables interrupts.
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;, %

!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
PIC MICROCONTROLLER
EXPERIMENT NO.14
AIM: Study and interface of IR (RC5 Protocol) and RF Communication using PIC Controller.
APPARATUS: RS-232 Cable, NV500X Trainer (2), MC12 Module (1), MC10 Module (2),
Patch Cords (3), 20 Pin FRC Cable (8)
THEORY:Infrared Module MC12 is an Extension module. The object is to have a clear

understanding of how infrared transmitter and receiver are interfaced and controlled with
microcontroller. The object is to connect and program a microcontroller to know about basic
wireless technology infrared. Infrared Module MC12 has input and output terminals for
connection of external real world applications
PROGRAM:
*****************************************************************************
* File Description: IR Module Demo Code
* Steps for Operation:
* Step 1:-
* Swith ON NV5001
* Burn the Program for IR Demo.hex file in 8051/52 MicroController using NV5001.
* Step 2:-
* Connections : Connect 20 Pin FRC cable in following manner:
* NV5001 Port P0 wuth "LCD_Data" Connector of MC10.
* NV5001 Port P1 with "Hex Keypad Interface Block" Connector of MC10.
* NV5001 Port P2 with "LCD_Control" Connector of MC10.
* NV5001 Port P3 with "CN1" of MC12.
* Connection On MC12 Module:
* Connect one patch cord from CN1 - '1' to IR Rx.
* Connect one patch cord from CN1 - '2' to Data In.
* Connect one patch cord from Data Out to IR Tx.
* Step 3:-
* Place MicroController on ZIF Socket and Press Reset Switch.
* Step 4:-
* OutPut: Initially On MC10 LCD "Sent Data: " in first line
* And "Receive Data: 0" in second line display.
* Now, By Using Keypad you can send any character
* which will display on "Send Data : "and the same will be display on "Receive data :".
* For example if you will Send '1' from keypad then On LCD
* Send Data :1
* Recieve Data:1
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;+ %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
***************************************************************************/
#include <regx52.h> /* Include controller library */

#include <delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <uart.h>
/*************************************************************************
* Function Prototypes Definition
**************************************************************************/
void LCD_Init();
void LCD_Busy();
void LCD_Command(unsigned char);
void LCD_Data(unsigned char);
void LCD_WriteS(unsigned char*);
/***************************************************************************
* Pin allocation for LCD
****************************************************************************/
#define LCD_Port P0 /* LCD data pin(D0-D7) to ort P0 */
#define LCD_Flag P0_7 /* LCD Busy Pin*/
#define LCD_rs P2_5 /* LCD RS (Register select) pin */
#define LCD_rw P2_6 /* LCD R/W (Read/ Write) pin*/
#define LCD_en P2_7 /* LCD Enable pin */
/***************************************************************************
* Pin allocation for Keypad
***************************************************************************/
#define ROW1 P1_4
#define ROW2 P1_5
#define ROW3 P1_6
#define ROW4 P1_7
#define COL1 P1_0
#define COL2 P1_1
#define COL3 P1_2
#define COL4 P1_3
/***************************************************************************
* Global variable Declaration
***************************************************************************/
static unsigned char code *LCDArry[]={" Nvis"," Technologies "};
unsigned char KeyVal,Serial_buf[20];
/****************************************************************************
* KeyPad Function Definition
****************************************************************************/
unsigned char Keypad(void)
{
KeyVal = 100;
P1 = 0xFF; // All rows & columns are hi
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;8 %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
while(1)
{
// Row1 Scan
ROW1 = 0;
if(!COL1)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL1)
KeyVal='1';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL2)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL2)
KeyVal='2';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL3)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL3)
KeyVal='3';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL4)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL4)
KeyVal='F';
return KeyVal;
}
ROW1 = 1;
// Row2 Scan
ROW2 = 0;
if(!COL1)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL1)
KeyVal='4';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL2)
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;9 %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL2)
KeyVal='5';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL3)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL3)
KeyVal='6';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL4)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL4)
KeyVal='E';
return KeyVal;
}
ROW2 = 1;
// Row3 Scan
ROW3 = 0;
if(!COL1)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL1)
KeyVal='7';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL2)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL2)
KeyVal='8';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL3)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL3)
KeyVal='9';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL4)
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;: %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL4)
KeyVal='D';
return KeyVal;
}
ROW3 = 1;
// Row4 Scan
ROW4 = 0;
if(!COL1)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL1)
KeyVal='0';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL2)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL2)
KeyVal='A';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL3)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL3)
KeyVal='B';
return KeyVal;
}
if(!COL4)
{
delay_msec(50);
if(!COL4)
KeyVal='C';
return KeyVal;
}
ROW4 = 1;
}
}
/***************************************************************************
* PrintNum Function Definition
* Here, we will display the number on LCD and same number will be send to IR.
***************************************************************************/
void PrintNum(unsigned char printval)
{
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;; %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCD_Command(0x8D); /* Set LCD cursor at (1,13) */

switch(printval)
{
case '1':
LCD_Data('1');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('1');
break;
case '2':
LCD_Data('2');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('2');
break;
case '3':
LCD_Data('3');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('3');
break;
case '4':
LCD_Data('4');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('4');
break;
case '5':
LCD_Data('5');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('5');
break;
case '6':
LCD_Data('6');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('6');
break;
case '7':
LCD_Data('7');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('7');
break;
case '8':
LCD_Data('8');
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;- %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
delay_msec(50);
putchar('8');
break;
case '9':
LCD_Data('9');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('9');
break;
case '0':
LCD_Data('0');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('0');
break;
case 'A':
LCD_Data('A');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('A');
break;
case 'B':
LCD_Data('B');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('B');
break;
case 'C':
LCD_Data('C');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('C');
break;
case 'D':
LCD_Data('D');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('D');
break;
case 'E':
LCD_Data('E');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('E');
break;
case 'F':
LCD_Data('F');
delay_msec(50);
putchar('F');
break;
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567;< %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
}
}
/**************************************************************************
* Decode code for pressed Key
**************************************************************************/
void DecodeKey()
{
switch(Serial_buf[0])
{
case '0'-'9':
Serial_buf[0] = Serial_buf[0]|0x30;
break;
case 'A'-'F':
Serial_buf[0] = Serial_buf[0]|0x40;
break;
default :
break;
}
}
/***************************************************************************
* ISR definition for UART
* Here, whatever data we are sending from IR same will be recieved here.
****************************************************************************/
static void ComISR(void) interrupt 4
{
ES = 0; /* disables intr4*/
if(RI) /* RI=Rcv intr flag*/
{
Serial_buf[0]= SBUF;
RI = 0;
}
ES = 1 ;
}
/***************************************************************************
* Main Function Definition
****************************************************************************/
void main(void)
{
LCD_Init(); /* Initialize LCD */
UART_Init(); /* Initialize UART */
P2 = 0x00; /* Clear Port 2 */
LCD_Command(0x01); /* Clear Display */
LCD_Command(0x84); /* Set LCD cursor at (1,4) */
LCD_WriteS(LCDArry[0]); /* Send String Data to LCD */
LCD_Command(0xC0); /* Set LCD cursor at (2,0) */
&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567-> %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCD_WriteS(LCDArry[1]); /* Send String Data to LCD */

delay_sec(1);
LCD_Command(0x01); /* Clear LCD Display */
LCD_Command(0x80); /* Set LCD cursor at (1,0) */
LCD_WriteS("Send Data :"); /* Send String Data to LCD */
LCD_Command(0xC0); /* Set LCD cursor at (2,0) */
LCD_WriteS("Recieve Data:"); /* Send String Data to LCD */
P2 = 0x00;
Serial_buf[0] = '0';
KeyVal = 100;
EA = 1; /* Enable global Interrupt */
while(1)
{
KeyVal = Keypad(); /* Check if any key pressed */
PrintNum(KeyVal); /* Display and send data if any key pressed
*/
delay_msec(100);
LCD_Command(0xCD); /* Set LCD cursor at (2,13) */
DecodeKey(); /* Decode the pressed Key */
LCD_Data(Serial_buf[0]); /* Send String Data to LCD */
}
}
/********** Initialize LCD Routine *****************/
void LCD_Init()
{
LCD_Command(0x38); /* Function Set 8bit : 2 Line 5x7 Dots
*/
LCD_Command(0x0C); /* Display On curser Off
*/
LCD_Command(0x01); /* Clear Display
*/
LCD_Command(0x06); /* Entry Mode
*/
}
/**************** LCD Commands Routine **************/
void LCD_Command(unsigned char Cmd)

{
LCD_Busy();
LCD_Port = Cmd; /* Write Command to LCD */

&'(% '01'&%)23%$# %#!#/%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%4567-= %
!"#$%&'()##*+,-*./%
LCD_rs = 0; /* Clear bit P3.5 */

LCD_rw = 0; /* Clear bit P3.6 */
LCD_en = 1; /* Set bit P3.7 */
LCD_en = 0;
}
/**************** LCD Busy Routine ***************/

void LCD_Busy()
{
LCD_Flag=1;
LCD_rs=0;
LCD_rw=1;
while(LCD_Flag!=0)
{
LCD_en=0;
LCD_en=1;
}
}
/*************** Write Srting to LCD ***************/
void LCD_WriteS(unsigned char *lcd_string)
{
while (*lcd_string)
{
LCD_Data(*lcd_string++); /* write data to LCD */
}
}
/*************** Write character to LCD ***************/
void LCD_Data(unsigned char ASCII)
{
LCD_Busy();
LCD_Port=ASCII; /* Write data to LCD in ascii value*/
LCD_rs=1;
LCD_rw=0;
LCD_en=1;
LCD_en=0;
}
PROCEDURE:
1. Connect 20 Pin FRC cable form one NV500X trainer (Transmitter) to CN1 of MC12 and other
NV500X trainer (Receiver) to CN2.
2. Connect one patch cord from any one of “1-8 pin” of CN1 (as mentioned in respective program) to
“Data In” and another patch cord from any one of “1-8 pin” of CN2 (as mentioned in respective
program) to “IR Rx”.
3. Connect both MC10 modules as per mentioned in program.
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4. Connect Patch Cord (Red Line) as shown in above figure.

5. On MC10 module which is connected with NV500X transmitter trainer below message will display,
you can send data using keypad.
RESULT: Reception and Transmission is checked by the IR transceiver.
Question & Answer:
1. PIC is
Ans.RISC Processor and use Harvard Architecture.
2. PIC machine cycle consists of
Ans. 4 cycles.
3. Execute instruction in
Ans.0.2 µs.
4. interrupt sources are available in PIC16 series.
Ans.12
5. Register available in PIC microcontroller are
Ans.Status, Indirect, File select and Working register.
6. Compare Mode can
Ans. drive a pin H or L at a precisely controlled time.
7. Capture Mode permits
Ans.PIC to be used to determine the time of occurrence of an i/p edge.
8. movwf PORTA performs
Ans. move the working register into the file register named PORTA.
9. An imperative statement
Ans.indicates an action to be performed during execution of assembled program.
10. The “blocking factor” of a file is
Ans.the number of logical records in one physical record.
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Microcontroller & Embedded System Design

Sr.No. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. To study development tools/environment for ATMEL/PIC microcontroller

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APPARATUS REQUIRED: µ Vision Keil, ICPROG, AT89C52 Microcontroller, PIC16F877A

SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT AND MICROCONTROLLER DESCRIPTION:

Procedure to write the program in µ Vision Keil:

ATMEL INTRODUCTION 8051 ARCHITECTURE FAMILY

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reprogrammed in system or by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer. The AT89C52

Figure. The architecture of the 8051 family of Microcontrollers

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Pin Diagrram of AT889C52

Port 0 (P0.0 - P0.7): Iff designatedd as output, each

Figure A. Power On Reset Circuit Figure B. Power On with Debounce

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Figure. C. XTAL Connection in 8051

VCC: Power Supply (4 – 6V)

HOW TO USE ICPROG SOFTWARE FOR PIC Microcontroller

The PIC architecture is distinctively minimalist. It is characterized by the following features:

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PIC16F877A Specifications & Architecture:

10-bit, up to 8-channel Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D)

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Block diagram of PIC16F877A Controller

1.What is meant by micro controller?

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APPARATUS: M51-02 trainer kit, keyboard and power cord.

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Question & Answer:

1.What are Pseudo instructions .

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APPARATUS: E89-01 KIT, power cord, CRO and connecting leads.

ORG 0H ; Wake up ROM reset Location

Question & Answer:

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AIM: Study and analyze the interfacing of 16 x 2 LCD.

PROGRAM: for displaying ‘NVIS Technologies’ on LCD.

RS_LCD EQU P3.5

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1. Insert AT89C52 Microcontroller in Programmer unit (in NV5001).

RESULT: ‘NVIS Technologies’ on displayed on 16x2 LCD.

Question & Answer:

1. The end-of-conversion on the ADC0804 is done by which line?

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AIM: Study of implementation, analysis and interfacing of seven segment display.

PROGRAM: for displaying “1234” on seven segment

SEG_A EQU P1.0

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MOV P2, #00H

1. Insert AT89C52 Microcontroller in Programmer unit (in NV5001).

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RESULT: “1234” displayed on seven segment display.

Question & Answer:

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