TOPIC NAME: Fostering firm performance through the lens of environmental

leadership and knowledge learning: a mediated moderation model

BY:
Aleezah Malik

Danish Maqsood

Maham Hassan

Ahmad Sultan

Keywords:
Green CSR ·

Green environment ·

Environmental sustainability

· Firm performance

· Green economy

· Green environment

Definition of Green CSR:

Despite this shift a number of people are not yet familiar with what green CSR
exactly means. Green is a philosophy and social concern for the conservation and
improvement of the environment.It can also described as the environmental
aspect of CSR .The duty to cover the environmental implications of the company
operation and the minimization of practices that might adversely effect the
enjoyment of the country resources by future generation.

Importance of Green CSR:

It strengthens the importance of proactive actions to handle environmental
problems and required the development of innovative working methods products
and services.

Definition of Green Environment:

It relates to the concern for environmental conservation and improved health of
the environment.This include supporting practice like informed consumption
conservation practice and investment in renewable energy.

Importance of Green Environment:

Green initiatives help to address urgent environmental challenges mitigate
climate change and conserve resource.They are essential for building a more
sustainable resilient and healthier future.For individual green practices promote
planet -friendly habits and reduce environmental impact

Definition of Environmental satability Environmental sustainability is the

ability to maintain an ecological balance in our planet's natural environment
and conserve natural resources to support the wellbeing of current and
future generations..

Importance Environmental satability:

Environmental sustainability is the ability to maintain an ecological balance

in our planet's natural environment and conserve natural resources to
support the wellbeing of current and future generations.
4 )Firm performance definition
Firm performance can be defined and measured in terms of: profitability,
growth, market value, total return on shareholder, economic value added,
customer satisfaction, based on the stakeholders expectations (Carroll,
2004).

Firm Performance importance

A well performing firm can bring high and long-term profits, which will
generate employment opportunities and improve the income of individuals.
Furthermore, financial profitability of a firm will enhance the returns of its
employees, have better production units, and bring products of higher
quality for its customers.

Definition Green economy

one that results in improved human well-being and social equity, while
significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities.

Importance of gareen economy

The importance of green economy is that it encourages economies to
become more sustainable and low-carbon, and ensures that natural assets
continue to provide the resources and environmental services for our
continued wellbeing.

Firm performance

Empirical relationship

EL, EKL, EP,FP,GCSR

Green Environment defination
“Green Environment” relates to the concerns for environmental
conservation and improved health of the environment. This includes
supporting practices like informed consumption, conservation practices and
investment in renewable energy.

Importance of gareen environment:

help to address urgent environmental challenges, mitigate climate change,
and conserve resources. They're essential for building a more sustainable,
resilient, and healthier future. For individuals, green practices promote
planet-friendly habits and reduce environmental impact.

INTRODUCTION:
In recent years, climate change has become a threat to the world economy, and climate chang
e has caused unprecedented consequences.
Increasing climate security brings international trade to the agenda to prevent the impact of env
ironmental damage affecting food production
. Therefore, environmental degradation has become a global threat for many businesses today.
In response to growing global challenges, Salem et al. (2018) showed that these ecological pro
blems force companies worldwide to realize the need for environmental protection and therefor
e use environmental protection measures.
In recent years, the global construction industry has begun to feel the impact of the damage ca
used to the environment. The effects of climate change make it difficult for the global economy t
o adapt to the changing environment. Construction companies are major producers of harmful
environmental products such as anesthetics, fumes and chemicals. It is one of the largest wast
e-producing industries and has been the target of those concerned with environmental protectio
n (Tafesse et al. 2022). This situation, together with environmental degradation, causes today's
construction companies to pay attention to the importance of the environment. Increasing ecolo
gical problems in the construction industry disrupt the economy by forcing companies to develo
p policies to reduce the harms of climate change (Banihashemi et al., 2021).
According to these issues, environmental leadership (EL) has been adopted by construction co
mpanies. Construction companies working in the most difficult areas have adopted good EL pra
ctices to improve their performance, and this has become an important driver of good work in c
onstruction.
EL refers to a person's ability to help others achieve environmental goals (Jang et al., 2017). U
nlike other leaders, environmental leaders promote environmental friendliness to improve comp
any performance. Essentially, EL is an in-depth development that addresses
climate-related issues as a way to contribute to economic efficiency (Noorliza 2020). Data show
that ELs have a deep understanding of their vision and strategies (Pham
and Kim 2019; Turi and Sarfraz 2022), which in turn affects their knowledge and performance.
It is worth noting that although EL is well understood in the literature, there is still not enough ev
idence regarding its impact on company performance
(Liu et al. 2018). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of EL. To carry out this res
earch, environmental literacy (EKL) became an important part of the inspiring FP. EKL refers to
the individual's ability to acquire, store and act on ecological information (Li
et al. 2019). EKL provides awareness of ongoing issues and advises companies to improve the
ir performance and practices through environmental regulation.
In organizations, information is an important asset that affects the performance of the company.
In the real world, ACL allows companies to acquire, store and use environmental information th
at supports their operations and operations (Riva et al., 2017). 2021). Green corporate responsi
bility, along with rapid environmental awareness, has become a trend that is driving companies
to focus on natural conservation. Green CSR refers to the activities of businesses to reduce the
ir negative impact on the environment (Rahman
and Post 2012). It increases ecological performance, especially by encouraging the use of rene
wable energy (Ji et al. 2020). In recent years, green CSR practices have led organizations to c
ope with environmental damage.
Green CSR supports companies' ecological goals by encouraging employees to be aware of th
eir environmental responsibilities (Drejeris and Oželienė 2020;
Sarfraz et al. 2022a).
It is worth noting that cooperation with green workers can increase their morale and happiness.
Participation in green culture may reduce employees' interest in environmental activities. Enviro
nmental passion (EP) is an emerging concept that emphasizes environmental thinking and reas
oning (Robertson and Barling 2013). EP supports people's motivation to participate in environm
ental protection. EP employee reduces the impact of natural disasters (Robertson and Carleton
, 2018; Hang et al., 2022). It basically encourages employees to be satisfied with company acti
vities, thus affecting the performance of the organization (Ren et al. 2019).
In this context, it is worth noting that this study
investigated EL, EP and FP. Additionally, the mediating role of EKL between EP and FP emplo
yees and the monitoring role of green organizations are also examined. All in all, this study is a
good result that encourages companies to focus on issues that will increase performance. This
study is unique in that it contributes to physicians and caregivers in this context. Importantly, thi
s is a wide-ranging program that allows organizations, scientists, researchers and policy maker
s to address environmental concerns that may arise from misunderstanding of EL, EP and over
sight of EKL.
The study is divided into six sections. The 'Theoretical
Background and Hypothesis Development' section explains the background of the research, wh
ile the 'Method'
section describes the tools and methods of the study.
The next "Results" section explains the results of the study,
The "Discussion" section explains the results regarding the previous findings. Discussion in "Op
tions"
Research limitations and future directions

Litrature Review:
Over the times, the emergence of industrialization has diverted experimenters ’ attention
toward depleting atmospheric conditions. This long rise of environmental deterioration has
forced the world’s associations to face the violent effects of ecological damage. As similar,
managing climate change has come the top precedence of moment’s enterprises. In this
regard, a new tone of EL has surfaced to secure the terrain. The exploration indicates that
businesses have strictly espoused EL to reduce the deteriorating effects of climate on
FP( ……). Commonly, EL has surfaced as a vital construct in dealing with environmental
damage. Still, in the period of environmental heads, associations are facing extreme natural
misgivings. To minimize the impact of environmental issues, moment,
multitudinous firms have espoused the conception of EL. EL is a belief system that makes
workers, directors, and other organizational staff work toward nature preservation( ……..).
Unlike the conventional administration, environmental leaders incorporate the primary
element of nature’s protection in the firms ’ vision. Environmental leaders manifest
the firms ’ practices and conditioning in a way that achieves ecological
preservation. Moment, environmental leaders have changed the world’s dynamic by
stimulating companies ’ vision and performance. They more understand the natural value of
environmental-friendly practices, thereby enhancing FP( Constantius and Haryana 2021).
Environmental leaders are the individualizes that help the association achieve values and
pretensions, which has a significant impact on FP. EL directs individualizes towards the
ecological aspects of a company’s conditioning, therefore influencing FP( ……). also, it
fosters receptiveness to an ecological mindset, therefore enhancing FP( ……….). According
to Pham and Kim( ……), EL channels the firms ’ communication network toward enhancing
their ecological vision and performance. Sarfraz etal.(………) reveal that EL improves
workers ’ ecological capacities, mainly contributing to firms ’ superior performance.
Altogether, Woo and Kang( ……) conclude that EL is critical to FP. Hence, grounded on the
data presented, the current study proposes the following thesis H1 EL has a positive
and significant impact on FP In recent times, the adding environmental issues
have gradationally enhanced the need for environmental-friendly enterprise and actions.
Creating and enforcing these enterprise demands firms to direct their workers ’ concentrate
toward the terrain. Environmental protection is conducive to a sustainable society. Hence,
to reach the sustainability thing, the relationship between EL and EP requires critical
understanding. Moment, associations bestow leaders with the responsibility to work toward
nature’s protection( Robertson and Carleton 2018; Hu etal. 2022). This focus makes them
foster environmental interest in individualizes. Environmental leaders are
the infuencers who commit to ecological sustainability. They make
other individualizes engage in environmentally friendly conditioning,
therefore infuencing workers ’ attention toward nature’s well-being. Fritsche etal.( 2018)
suggest that EP encourages workers to limit the farther exacerbation of environmental
issues. Likewise, it inspires workers to invest their energy and time in environmental
conditioning. EL arouses and encourages work passion in individualizes regarding the
ecological issue. This high EP motivates workers to achieve grueling pretensions by
performing environmentally friendly conditioning and actions( …………..). In particular, EL
acts as an alleviation that passionately motivates workers to go beyond traditional business
practices toward a participated pro-environmental vision. Robertson and Carleton( …….)
conclude that EL motivates organizational members to realize their responsibility toward
the terrain. Hence, in line with the former argument, the current study proposes the
following thesis Since the actuality of mortal civilization, humankind has faced multitudinous
environmental challenges that have caused numerous associations to perceive nature’s
problems as a global trouble to mortal lives. With the current adding environmental
enterprises, these difculties and pressures have remained constant. Resolving these
ecological vulnerabilities doesn't bear specific exertion but needs applicable guidelines and
knowledge to influence firms ’ business performance. In broadening the sustainability
docket, moment’s EKL provides workers with the asked information that helps them to
reduce the accumulating climate efect. Zahoor and Gorged( ……) state that in combating
the adding vulnerabilities, moment’s associations have realized the need to
foster EKL capabilities, therefore accelerating FP. EKL makes associations respectanti-
pollutant conditioning by reducing the efect of environmental externalities on the FIRM. It
provides an individual with general knowledge regarding global environmental issues.
Unnaturally, it leads associations to concentrate on the ecological aspect, therefore
buttressing positive firm functioning. Consequently, Li etal.( …..) state that EKL is the
abecedarian driving force that reduces environmental impact, therefore adding FP.
Unnaturally, environmental knowledge enhances FP, therefore making organizational
operation committed to ecological pretensions. EKL allows workers to resolve
environmental issues by icing the sharing of ecological knowledge among the
stakeholders( …….). Indeed, EKL is a abecedarian factor driving the frms ’ superior
performance. As similar, EKL is a signifcant construct in the knowledge operation literature.
This knowledge miracle enables companies to apply terrain-friendly practices, therefore
stimulating their performance. Bresciani etal.( 2022) state
that EKL strengthens frms ’ ecological conditioning, therefore leading to superior
performance. Altogether, grounded on the presented literature, the current study proposes
the following thesis H3 EKL has a positive and signifcant impact on FP Despite all the sweats
made by government bodies, multitudinous businesses have continued to contribute to and
face the effects of environmental declination. The severe impact of global environmental
problems has impelled associations to find ways to resolve these adding ecological
enterprises. Hence, in this regard, environmental knowledge has come the center of the
debate. The pitfalls that moment’s associations are facing have stressed the need for better
operation and effective literacy mechanisms.

Methodology
The main goal of this research is to check the roll off EL and EKL on FB through
the mediating function of EP and the moderating role of green CSR. In this study
quantitative method Plus taken since It gives more accurate measurement of the
independent independent connections that lies Among the variable being seen at
moreover research off quantitative Might be more generalized through this data
and this study is data Plus taken from a questionnaire and method of communist
sampling the research tells the moderating effect of green CSR on dependent and
independent factors That lies in this phenomena The questionnaire was taken
from livers of Pakistani construction companies to add and accelerate responses
rates the questionnaires reached to respondents from electronic nails Need a
letter in covering received a some of 850 questionnaires of which only 602 was
according to the criteria for inclusion of the data analysis This tells response rate
of 70 %

EL was assessed using a five-item scale and EKL was meas- ured on the a six-item
scale derived from——-. (2020). All of the items were evaluated using a 5-point
Likert scale (strongly agree = 5 and strongly disagree = 1).In this research EP is a
mediating variable cross on 10th item scale taken from ——— 2021 green green
CSR was used in the media immoderating variable in the research calculated with
the help of seven item scale drive from ——-2020 a scale which has four
segments was assembled to upheld FB which is itself the main independent
variable the questions for the FB questionnaire plus choosing indirectly from
__2020

Discussion
By using the basic impact of EL and preparing it.EP EKL this section examine the
results with old study.In the latest years, exceeding environmental issues such as
pollution, deforestation,and the diversity loss has increased trouble for whole
world environmentalists.Being a human all of these activities drop negative
impact on environment organizations adopt environmental friendly measurems
that are necessary for the protection of Earth (Saleem et.al.2021).For this
purpose, environmental concerns forced firm to adopt EL .EL plays an important
role to reduces environmental impacts .It is deep construct for the promotion of
FP(Liao&Zhang 2020).Morever drawing on that ,by increasing impact on
environmental change increasing EL attention on employee in EP . Environmental
consultants increases those practices in environment.By arising positive
environmental emotions and expectations.Ecological Safety arises by making
employees attention (Robertson and Carleton 2018).Our work meet the previous
literature it focuses on the assumptions used in H1 and H2. Nowadays,
Environmental safety has urged companies to make sure their investment in
EKL(Wang et.al 2020) that increases the employees EP & FP. Focusing on EKL our
study proves that EKL has a vital role in gaining business goal. Our study shows
that (i.e H3 and H4) in this unstable environment if organization want to work
properly EKL should need to enrichs FP & EP as was said by Bresciani et.al 2020.
Employees EP encourages employees to work in a good and safe environment
(Choong et.al 2020). This safe and sound environment urged or environmental
leaders for the betterment of FP.EL enhance EP &FP. With all the remarks, it
proves that EL is the most efficient method of boosting employees EP and
encouragement (Graves & Sarkis 2018). Our study results proves that their is a
mediating role of EP between EL, EP & FP. Hence, environment is the main element of
green CSR. Likely, Green CSR urges positive environmental emotions in employees and make
impact on FP. For Example, (Tang et.al 2018)told that this green participation boost FP. Green
CSR helps employees to understand harmful environmental impact and enhancing environment
friendly practices. Hereby, using the previous literature,the present study shows the vital
moderation of green CSR between EP &FP (H6 i.e) . In the summarization, our outputs are
persistent with old literature it taking to the ensurance of all hypothesis. The results have been
improved positive as predicted and we can suggest that this organization find out there
variables to gain superior performance.

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