Berihu
Berihu
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Acknowledgement
First of all i would like to thank for Mekelle University for give me the opportunity to join this intern ship
program. Secondly, I would like to thank for my advisor Ins. Sloani yosef whose in valuable advice and
guidance has helped shape this intern ship research paper and how to complete the intern ship duration.
Then, I would like to thank my supervisor sir.desaleign meles for his continued support throughout
internship duration. Lastly, I would like to express my genuine appreciation for the workers and the
management of bruh tesfa irrigation and water technology factory who coordinated and helped me
directly and indirectly during the intern ship duration to conduct this research.
Abstract
High-class quality and its management have become the key aspects and have a big impact on
the production lines of the company especially product area continuous quality improvement
helps to attain customer satisfaction and overall system improvement.
It is important to choose the right one for the right organization. This conducted research can
help to recognize what quality, productivity problem occur in the production lines of bruh
tesfa,and what step should be taken for eradicating of these problems. The aim of this is to
execute these quality improvements in case study of the production lines of bruh tesfa irrigation
and water technology factor.
Bruh tesfa irrigation and water technology factory is one of the leading companies in
Ethiopia ,which is found in Tigray in the town of Mekelle, in the sub city of aider at the place of
hamiday.
The company is known by producing different types of pipes, like drip pipe, plain pipe
HDPE pipe etc. has observed different problems in the company; the main problems are in the
production lines their actual output and their target are not varied by some amount due to this
problem the company is not profitable.
Hence, the objective of this project is to investigate and examine the defects rates of the
pipes .data has been collected through direct observation ,interview and record office. Data has
been analysis use quantitative and qualitative data analysis and tools of the data analysis use
pareto chart and cause and effect diagram. The research work of this project is to minimize and
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examine the defect rate the specific objective to give a solution by investigate and observe the
root cause of the defects to recommend a solution.
Abbreviation
PE-poly ethylene
TC-total cost
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Chapter-one
Bruh tesfa plastic products plc. Becomes operation in January 2005G.C with the main objective
of producing the following:
Different pipes
Drippers for application of drip irrigation
Technology transform
Hi-tech technology to transform agriculture
1.1.1 Vision
The company vision to be competent and the leading technologies pioneer company in the
modern irrigation and water supply technological development.by offering best quality products
and services (i.e. Study, design and installation) at competitive price in East Africa.
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1.1.2 Mission
To generate profit and maximize wealth of the owner by satisfying the customer and introducing
new modern irrigation and water supply technology contributing its share in agricultural transformation,
creating massive job opportunity and professional man power in the field and in reducing poverty in the
country.
1.2.1 Products
The company production facility and organization is designed to be flexible to meet customer
demands and delivery customer-oriented products. Currently the company is producing both
HDPE and LDPE pipes. The factory has the necessary equipment and skills to produce, among
others, the following of Bruh tesfa.
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1.2.2 Services
Study
Design
Installation and maintenance
Pre and post sales services
Raw material: are imported from internationally renowned sources as SABIC and
BORAUGE .it contains carbon black 2.5 or 0.03.the raw materials are PE100, PE80 and
PE 40.
Sacker: sacks the raw material to the hopper.
Hopper: it receives the raw material and sends to the next part.
Drier: a machine which used to dry the plastic tube. We don’t use drier if the product is
in humid condition.
Extruder: this part is they include three zones those zones are; feed zone, transition zone
and melting zone. Therefore the extruder is transforming the raw material from the
hopper to the heating zone.
Feed zone: in this zone, the resin is inserted from hopper in to the barrel, and
the channel depth is constant.
Melting zone: The plastics material is melted and the channel depth gets
progressively smaller.it is also called the transition or compression zone.
Metering zone: The molten plastic is mixed at uniform temperature and
pressure and forward through the die. The resin is inserted from hopper in to
the barrel, and the channel depth is constant.
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Die head: is used to adjust the external size of the pipes. The extrusion head is heated in
malty heating zone with PID electronic temperature regulation for precise temperature
profile over the extrusion die.
Calibration: is used to adjust the diameter of the size of the HDPE.it performs for sizing
of the outer diameter of the pipe with initial cooling on the extrude pipe coming out
from the extrusion die head.
Vacuum tank: it is soft and non-air. Is used to protect the product quality and the pipe. If
it is more or less air and temperature in the vacuum it has the following defects: -
By air
No appearance .
By temperature
Dot: when the circulation pump closed with such defects chips and salts.
Oblique: when the operator has not familiar with that machine.
Cooling: is used to increase the strength of the pipe. the cooling water exiting from
chambers are collected in lower collection tanks, where it is mixed with re-cooled water
from re-cooled system to attain constant temperature cooling water (15-20).
Take-off: is provided by three chain-pad caterpillar units driven by AC motors running in
synchronization by programmable electronic AC motors driven controlling the motor.
Extrusion: this design is targeted specially for higher quality production of HDPE pipes.
Cutter: is equipped with protection cage to prevent possible operator injuries.
Roller conveyor: is used to translate the pipe to the end place, if necessary to the winder.
Winder: it is a pneumatic system it driving of the coilers archived by AC gear motors
5.5kw-8rpm driven by digital AC inverter with high performance torque control for
controlling pipe tension.
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Fig 1.2 production flow chart of the HDPE
Pre-production: this is done before production stars; it is done to cross check according to the
production stated PE materials, manufacturing details and work product of the pre-production
sample as per the customer requirement.
1st Inline production inspection: this inspection is done at the start of production
when first production output of particular style of Bruh tesfa inspected to
distinguish possible discrepancies or vacation and to do necessary corrections to
be made pipe production.
3rd Random inspection: is carried out when the production of the total quantity of an
order or partial delivery is completed. Sample lot will be selected from the order
and percentage of the pipe will be inspected, the percentage usually being
stipulated by the customer.
1. Critical defect: serious defect that can cause harm or injury to the user result in
hazardous condition.
2. Major defects: a defect that falls to meet the mandatory regulations directly
affecting the usability, salability, safety and value of the merchandize or as
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specified by customer buyer are considered as major defects and generally non
repairable.
3. Minor defects: defect that does not adversely affect the usability of the product
but does consists of a deviation from the organizational sample and may affect the
sale of the product. Some of the defects are due to electrical power, thickness of
diameter, pressure of the pipe.
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5. Product tagging and printing
6. Assuring the type and amount of the product that has been produced
7. Assuring the type and amount of the product that has been
Production start up
Presence of defects
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Red=rejected product
Yellow=suspected product
6.Assuring the type and amount of product that has been produced:
7.Management principles:
The management should be able to understand the basic problem and aspirations that could
hinder a worker to attain the production targets, the management should always strive to keep the
equilibrium company and employee’s interest. Because the following and other needed
principles are necessary.
Senior managers need to spend most of their time at the production floor.
Communication from top-bottom and vice versa need to be fast and effective
Everybody starting from the top management up to the operative staff needs to
be time, quality and cost conscious
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1.2.9 Quality Aspect of the company
The company is ISO9001:2000 Quality Management System Certified, the processing
System and the quality of the input and the finished products status are as per the
International standards of ISO and DIN. For this purpose, it has different
Computerized laboratory equipment’s for the quality and grade of the raw material and
Finished products.
Its product is tested for its flexibility, load bearing capacity, shock absorbance, impact
Load resistance and other parameters in addition to the tests done to the raw material.
➔the Company’s principle on the ground is that quality is the concern of every staff member.
➔Assurance of the quality of its products is achieved by its Owen fully equipped
Main products and service and its main customer or end user
HDPE (High density polyethylene pipes) made up of polyethylene that can substitute any
type of pipe for water transport and gas distribution networks.
PE (polyethylene) fittings, water meters, filters and other accessories and
Welding machine as a special order
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3. Other plastic users: including
Design installation and maintenance services on both modern irrigation and water supply
systems.
Butt welding and electro fusion welding services.
Furnish and irrigate gardens and parks as green area
• Vegetables
• failed crops
Polyethylene pipes
Bruh tesfa HDPE pipes and fittings are verified and registered regarding potable
Water suitability. Bruh tesfa HDPE pipes shall meet the requirement of ISO 4427.the
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Company currently manufacturing wide range of parameters of PE pipes;
Diameters from 12 to 16
Respective diameter
From PN 4 to PN 16 (4 to 16 bars)
Conduits;
LDPE/LLDPE row material types with different colors white and black from diameter 8
And liners having different standards for reservoirs and irrigation canal ling system
POLYBAGS; these are different sizes and are used for packing.
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satisfaction that Bruh tesfa’s laterals, conduits and HDPE pipes are best quality products ,their
prices reasonable and .to their convenience, supported with good technical assistance.
Planning,
Quality assurance
monitoring and
service
MIS service
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1.3.1 Overall work of the company
In Bruh tesfa irrigation and water technology factory all the required type and amount of
production is planned by the planning department (planners). The planners are ordered to each
area of production how amount and what are they produce according their capacity and plane.
The production process is starting from the input or raw material is changing to the pipes. From
this product some of the product is marketing directly and other product is goes to the next
processes. The next processes sacker then after the raw material is changed to pipes. From this
output also some of the product is marketing directly and the other is goes to the next process.
Quality of the production is checked at every process or at each area of the production
Marketing also takes place at any time and area of production according to the customer
demand. Finally the quality section checks the product is it with in the specifications of
customer requirement or not
Spreading
Marketing
Shaping
Inspection
Numbering
Quality checking
Bounding
Storing
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Generally the process takes place in the pipe is described as the following:
If the product is accepted or rejected yellow paper is posted on it still decision is made
to accept or reject it.
The maintenance system of the company is preventive and corrective maintenance. Most of the
time they use corrective maintenance system. Sometimes they use preventive maintenance
system.
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CHAPTER-TWO
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Figure2.1: workflow process of HDPE 02 machine
2.2 Which work piece or work task activity you have been executing
The work task I have been executing is measuring or inspecting the product to control its quality for
example, inspecting the product from dots, cracks,oval shapes of the pipe, measuring the wall thickness of
the pipe using caliper, measuring the total external diameter of the pipe.
And also the work piece or work task that we are executed is finding problem that can affect to
the company based on productivity on the filing section and finding the solution to each problem
through:
• Measuring the total defect in the section and minimizing the defects and finding
solution
2.3 The procedure or methods I have been used when I was perform my task
First I have asked the problem of the product to be scraped to the operations and quality control formals
Then after I have got that information’s theoretically I have done practically with quality formal
of the company to control quality of the product.
2,4 Procedures and methods have been using while performing my project
Identify the problem
Identify in which area the problem is occurred
Show the title of the project to my advisor and deal with him on the title name
Collect data to solve the problem using full information
Show my activities to my supervisor to get basic comments to correct my self
Take the comment and correct myself to given problem
Give proposed solution the given problem
Finally set all the necessary data and comment that we collected in a written
document
Quality assurance:
o Maintenance section
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o Production section
o Supply sections
Then for my practical skill I have been worked in the quality assurance sections of the finally set
all the necessary data and comment that I collected in a written document.
Shortage of office in organization the trainee shall engage to acquire different knowledge
and skill.
Understanding the site language and terminologies applied by different work group.
Some conditions that make our project manager busy when we ask them.
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Mechanical centering problem this problem is created when meal& female parts of the
die head are not properly centered this is the cause of non-uniform wall thickness of the
pipe
Shortage of enough knowledge to correct the appeared problems since I was not familiar
with the task for a long time etc… They were not willingness to converse smoothly
Lack of library access to read manual some references about the operation machine.
CHAPTER THREE 3
For something that takes inputs there is something in return, a benefit. In my internship too, there
were some benefits those are gained accordingly. The benefits are:
Practical skills
Theoretical knowledge
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Leadership skills
Entrepreneurship skills
The researcher has been understand how the company can apply the courses industrial
engineering for example how they control quality of the product by quality assurance section.
Generally, the researcher has been in his practical skill by participating in some tasks such as:
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3.3.1 Interms of improving inter personal communication
Interpersonal communication is a way of communication that a person have with other people
who might have contact with. Meeting with the staffs was a little tough. Then after time has
passed I let myself to them by reasonably talking on issues those are related to the site or not.
Then step-by-step when I got into the work, there comes the opportunity to communicate on
work related talks.
Every day I was connecting with specific working class. This improves understanding the
thinking of the peoples around me. And finally I was the one who communicate with everyone in
the site even with the daily laborers. This was one of the main things that helped me to improve
my practical skills.
The reason behind this is my work tasks did not allow communicating with colleagues only, but
also co-operated me with the persons I worked with. Even each work task was done and
completed as a team. The work that I have been engaged was more of as assistance Site
Engineer, I have to communicate and work with both the Site Eng. and the project manager and
more over I communicate with all the site organizational structure directly or indirectly.
The researcher has been improved in my leadership skills to achieve the planned goals and
maintain an effective working r/ship among members of the company.
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The researcher has been learned the ability to develop a vision for the company & to inspire
employees to pursue its imperative for success.
Aligning people
Punctuality: -arriving on time at work was necessary since it was my job to manage,
control, monitor and supervise the portion of the site I have been given. Sometimes I
had to work late because it is my responsibility to bring back the equipment’s to the
store. And also some works like casting of concrete requires starting early and leaving
the work late.
Responsibility: - I have taken responsibility to the jobs I have done and the
equipment’s.
These were technical experiences he had on the field, determination, taking risks, studying the
business and good management skill. So because of this I tried to develop my skill on such terms
during the internship period.
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Chapter-four
4 PROJECT TITLE
Reducing scrap rates using quality control tools in bruh tesfa pipe manufacturing
Data for the selected section are collected, studied and analyzed. The defect with the highest
frequency will be the main target to improve various causes of defect will be analyzed and
various solving method will be present.
Since, these three problems are the most critical and need urgent solution and I focused on them
while doing this project. And those problems are solved by the quality control tools.
4.2.2Justification
The project focused in developing quality of manufacturing pipe, there are a lot of defects occur
in (production HDPE-02) section which are happened due to different causes (lack of
experience ,training, power interruption, mechanical problem weak administration and others)by
identifying the critical defects in the section occurs during production by using statically quality
control .mainly the chart and pare to analysis .And it can show how to minimize and solve the
critical defects by using cause and effect diagram.
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4.3 Objective of the project
4.3.1GENERAL OBJECTIVE
The general objective of this is to analyze and minimize the defects rates of pipes
manufacturing using quality control tools. Specifically check sheet, pareto chart and cause
and effect diagram.
4.3.2SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
To identify the major root causes of the defects
To minimize number of scrapes at the end product
To provides possible solution for the problem
To prioritize the existing cause of defects on the
To find out the detail root cause of this defect
To give appropriate solution for the define root causes to improve quality of the product
4.4Limitation
Lack of quality related data
Lack of internet access
Lack of full information
Lack of available resources
Mainly focused on seven quality control tools but only selected quality control tools are
applied those are check sheet ,pare to chart and cause and effect diagrams.
Only defects with highest frequency will be analyzed.
Quite a number of definitions or quality can be found the extant literature it is not an easy task
defining the term as most writers, and academic on this subject have their own definition and
large devising it to suit their own beliefs.
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Some of the definitions of the term “quality” provided by quality gurus are as follows
Quality is defined ranging “from satisfying customers’ requirements “to fitness for use” to
"conformance to requirements.”
quality is fitness for use (juran)
quality is what the customer says it is (feigenbaum)
quality is conformance to requirement (Crosby)
quality is the loos that a product to the society after being shipped to the customer
(taguchi)
the efficient production of the quality that the market expects (Deming)
the totality of futures and characteristics of product or services that bear on its
ability to satisfy stated or implied needs of the customers
A quality system is the agreed on companywide and plants wide work structure,
documented in effective, integrated technical and managerial procedures for guiding
the coordinated action of people, the machines or the information of the company on
the best and most practical ways to assume customer quality satisfaction and
economical costs of quality.
Characteristics of quality
Characteristics can be categories in deferent grouping. Some of these groups are such:
structural characteristics include the element of the length, the weight, the strength, the viscosity,
and soon. Sensor characteristics include the testes, the small, and the beauties. Time and oriented
characteristics include such measurement of initiative, reliability, and maintainability and the
ethical characteristics are honesty, courtesy, friend line, and soon.
In general quality characteristics fall into two broad classes. These are the variable
and attributes characteristics. The characteristics that are measurable and are
expressed on a numerical scale are called variable. A quality characteristic that
cannot be measured on numerical scale is expressed as an attribute. This quality
characteristics is used to expressed as product are conforming or non-conforming to
a stipulated specification.
Performance (will product do the intended job?) potential customers usually evaluate
a product to determine if it will perform certain specific function and determine how
well it perform
Reliability (how often the product fails?) this is the characteristics a product to
require some reliability over their service life
Durability (how long the product lost?) this is the effective service life of the product.
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Serviceability (how easy it to repair the product?) this is related to view the quality of
the product is directly influenced by how quickly and economically a repair or routine
maintenance activity can by accomplish.
Aesthetics (what does the product do?) this is the visual appeal of the product often
taking into account factor such as style,color,shape,packageing ,alterative,tactile,chics
and other sensor features.
Perceived quality (what is the reputation of the company or its product?) in many
cases, customers rely on the past reputation of the company concerning quality of its
products.
Feature (what does the product do ) custemers associated high quality with the
product that has added feature beyond the basic performance of the competition.
Conformance to standard (is the product made exactly as the designer intended?) this
measures the quality product as one that exactly meets the requirements placed on it.
Reliability
Responsiveness
Competence
Communication
Credibility
Security
courtesy
Corrective action
Right design
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Proper inspection
Proper planning
Proper equipment
Measure, methods or techniques to examine quality and productivity are list below;
1. Value engineering: is the process of improving the value of product and quality at every
stage of the product life cycle. At the development stage, ve improves the value of the
product by reducing cost without reducing quality at the maturity stage, ve reduces the
cost by replacing the cost.
2. Quality circle (QC): quality circle is small group of employees who meet regularly to
identify analyze and solve problem in their department
3. Financial and nonfinancial incentives: the organization must motivation the employees by
providing financial and nonfinancial incentives. The financial incentive include better
wages and salaries, bounce etc. the nonfinancial incentives include better working
condition, welfare facilities, workers participation in management.
4. Operation research (OR): uses mathematical and scientific methods to solve management
problem, including problem of productivity OR technique uses a scientific method to
study the course of action and to select the best alternative.
5. Training: training is a process of increasing the knowledge and skills of the employees.
Training increases the efficiency of the employees.
6. Job enlargement: is horizontal expansion of the job. Is done to make job more interesting
and satisfying. It involves increasing the variety of duties.
7. Job enrichment: is a vertical expansion of jobs more meaning full and satisfying. It
involves providing more challenging tasks, and responsibilities
8. Inventory control: there must be a proper level of over stocking and under stocking of
inventory. Over stocking of inventory’s will result in blocking of funds and there are
chances to spoilage or misuse of materials.
9. Material management: it deals with optimum utilization of materials in the manufacturing
process. It involves scientific purchasing, systematic store keeping, and proper inventory
control.
10. Quality control: The main objective of quality control is to produce goods at reasonable
prices, to reduce wastages to locate causes of quality deviation.
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11. Job evaluation: is a process of fixing the value of each job in the organization it is done
fix the wage rate for each job.
12. Human factor engineering: refers to man machine relationship. It is designed to match the
technology to a human requirement.
I select from these quality controls; Pareto chart, check sheet and cause and effect diagram
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Step 1: Determine the categories and the units for comparison of the data, such as
frequency, cost, or time.
Step 2: Total the raw data in each category, then determine the grand total by adding
the totals of each category.
Step 5: Draw and label the left-hand vertical axis with the unit of comparison, such as
frequency, cost or time.
Step 6: Draw and label the horizontal axis with the categories, list from left to right in
rank order.
Step 7: Draw and label the right-hand vertical axis from 0 to 100 percent.
Step 8: Beginning with the largest category, draw in bars for each category
representing the total for that category.
Step 9: Draw a line graph beginning at the right-hand corner of the first bar to
represent the cumulative precent for each category as measured on the right-hand
axis.
Step 11: Analyse the chart. Usually the top 20% of the categories will comprise
roughly 80% of the cumulative total.
Construct a cause and effect diagram can help your team when you need to:
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Identify the possible root cause, the basic reason, for specific effect, problem or
condition.
Sort out and relate some of the interactions among the factors affecting :
A cause and effect diagram is a tool that is useful for identifying and organizing the known or
possible causes of quality or the lack of it. Some of the benefits of constructing a cause and
effect diagram.
Helps determine the root cause of a problem or quality characteristic using a structured
approach.
Encourages group participation and utilizes group knowledge of the process.
Uses an orderly, easy to read format to diagram cause and effect r/ships.
Indicate possible causes of variation in process.
Increases knowledge of the process by helping everyone to learn more about the factors
at work and how they relate.
Identifies areas where data should be collected for further study.
How do we develop a cause and effect diagram?
You are constructing a structured, pictorial display of a list of causes organizing to show the
r/ship to a specific effect and the steps of the cause and effect diagram for analyzing.
When to use the check sheet: using check sheet is appropriate when the data can be
observed and collected repeatedly by either the same person or the same location. It is
also when collecting data on frequency and identifying patterns of events, problems,
defects, and defect location, and for identifying defect causes.
Why is data being collected: before any improvements or changes can be made to a
system or process, it is essential to establish a baseline by collecting data in an
organized way?
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How data to be used is: whether the analysis will focus on improvement or on
monitoring processes in an ongoing way, knowing the ways that it will be used will
help to crate check sheets that contribute to the outcome, providing enough data for
analysis to be complete, but not extraneous or irrelevant data.
Advantage of check sheet: the check sheet is simple and effective way to display data.
It is a good first step in understanding the nature of the problem as it provides a
uniform data collection tool. It is useful to help distinguish opinions from facts.
4.7 Methodology
To collect the data concerning the research follows different methodologies of data collection
from the different department of the company.
Direct observation
Interview the owner will be to interview with the concern department such as machinery
operator, worker, manager and supervisor/expert
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I was collect the secondary by reading some reference such as modules prepared by
planning section, hard copy prepared procurement & purchasing department, marketing
department.
4.7.2.2 Interview
To strength the above data collecting method, I have also added the interview method,
some employees that are concerned to my project are involved in responding the
interview. Majority of the respondents to express their view on their attention towards product
quality related problems.
4.7.2.3Observation
In order to check and to be sure my project, this third method is very crucial. During this
observation, I have participated in the checking process of the pipes and required from
the attributes of the defects with the quality checkers.
Pareto chart
Check sheet
Cause and effect diagrams
Daily reports of the defect rates have been collected as shown below
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4.8.1 Reports of five month
Reports of 5 months
Month of February
2-due to mechanical
3- due to operational
Month of March
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HDPE-O2-1- due to mechanical (centering)
3-due to die head change from Ø90 to Ø110 bar and electrical ,mechanical, power
interruption
MONTH OF APRIL
Reasons discrepancies
4- due to mechanical
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MONTH OF MAY
3- due to mechanical
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Month of June
Therefore, the above monthly reports were changed in the form of check sheet as
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Total number of produced 17221
In order to know the frequency of the defects ,the data was then, arranged according to form the
highest to lowest frequency in cumulative table and pare to chart was build based on the
cumulative table .the cumulative table based on the above check sheet is shown below,
In the month of May more scraps formed when we compare with the other month due to that
their amount of defect listed in the table below
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Pareto diagram for the defects
120%
50
100%
40
80%
Amount of Defects
30
60%
20 40%
10 20%
0 0%
ot ty e g n
D vali f lin erin iatio
O ks o ent ar
C V
ac es
s
Cr n
ik
Th
As indicated from the above check sheet of five month data about 17221 pipes are produced ,from these
total produced pipes which produces in five month about 710.1 pipes are scraped ,the total number of
correct pipes out of the total produced pipes are 16510.9 but as indicated from above cumulative table
and pareto chart majority of the scrap comes because of dot (70.25) ,ovality (40) and cracks of line
(38.6)
Generally, in the working area about 710.1 scrap comes because of those five defects
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1.DOT
wastage carelessness
of material
in correct
old machine
Machine Method
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2.ovality
Here problems may happened because of the following things, lack of un qualified maintenance,
improper addition material and in effective water chiller , poor motivation of employs and so on.
Ovality
improber circulation lack of schedule cleaning
3. Machine
Cracked line Method
3.cracked line
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Material Man power
Cracked line
Machine Method
Figure 4.4 check sheet for cracked line
Besides to this, as I asked for the supervisors of the lines ,most of the root cause of those defects
is operators problem ,carelessness .so as I understand by considering the responses of the
respondent and my observation in the working area, these working operators are only care on
their earning of production per hour.
Generally dots, ovality , cracked of line, centering and thickness variation can be caused by
the following listed below when I summarized the above cause and effect diagram those are
shown bellow
Wastage of material
Improper addition
In correct maintenance
Improper operation
Due to carelessness
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Take off failure
Negligence
Power interruption
Chapter 5
It has been observed that the root causes of the defects are found
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It has been observed that after implementation of causes and effect
diagram the product quality and productivity will improve
5.2 Recommendation
Based on my analysis, I would like to recommend to the company the following points:
o The company should take an action punishment and rewired for the employee
o The company must apply total quality management
o Check the machines before starting its operations
o Spare parts should be change on time
o Continuous follow up and training session should be made by the management to
produce quality product
o The company should check the water tanker daily to prevent swerage
5.3 Reference
ww.goggle.com
armand v.teigenbaum tota quality control ,third edition
douglas c,montageometry,introduction to statstical quality control .second edition
Thomas p.ryan ,statistical methods for quality improvement ,second edition
Text book to statistical qulity control
Text Web system
book to operation management
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