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Lecture 4 - Handout

This lecture discusses the mechanical properties of solid materials, including stress-strain behavior, moduli, Poisson's ratio, and Hooke's law. It explains that ductile materials exhibit a linear stress-strain curve with warning before failure, while brittle materials have no warning and fail at the yield point. The key mechanical properties covered are the modulus of elasticity (E), modulus of rigidity (G), and Poisson's ratio (ν), along with examples of how to calculate strains and moduli from stress-strain data.

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mhy1103
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

Lecture 4 - Handout

This lecture discusses the mechanical properties of solid materials, including stress-strain behavior, moduli, Poisson's ratio, and Hooke's law. It explains that ductile materials exhibit a linear stress-strain curve with warning before failure, while brittle materials have no warning and fail at the yield point. The key mechanical properties covered are the modulus of elasticity (E), modulus of rigidity (G), and Poisson's ratio (ν), along with examples of how to calculate strains and moduli from stress-strain data.

Uploaded by

mhy1103
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Recorded Lecture

https://umsystem.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=9e54840d-5068-
48ff-b4a2-af9b010378cf
Lecture 4
Mechanical Properties of Solid Materials

Objectives
➢ Explain mechanical properties of solid materials;
➢ Understand E, G, and .

Starting Music (Bad Romance):


https://youtu.be/qrO4YZeyl0I 1
Lecture 4
Mechanical Properties of Solid Materials

Review

➢ What is stress? What is strain?


➢ How to calculate stress?
➢ How to calculate strain?

How to correlate stress and strain?


Depending on properties of materials.

2
CIV ENG 2210 Mechanics of Materials

Chapter 2
Mechanical Properties and
Design Concept

Hongyan Ma, mahon@mst.edu

3
Chapter 2 Mechanical Properties and Design Concept

Section 2.1
Mechanical Properties of Materials

Hongyan Ma, mahon@mst.edu

4
Mechanical Properties
Stress-Strain Relation
There are ductile and brittle materials. The stress-strain
relations of a typical ductile material (e.g., steel) and a
typical brittle material (e.g., ceramic and concrete) are
shown below:

Ductile Material: warning before failure Brittle Material: no warning before failure
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8U4G5k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZINeaDjisY 2:30
cpcM 2:20 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LDgJjbQeEo5 1:20
Mechanical Properties

Normal Stress
Tension Test
Moduli
Modulus of Elasticity (E): slope of the initial straight-
line portion of the stress-strain diagram obtained in
tension or compression test.
It is also called Young’s Modulus or Elastic Modulus.

Normal Strain

Shear Stress
Direct Shear Test
Modulus of Rigidity (G): slope of the initial straight-
line portion of the stress-strain diagram obtained in
direct shear test.
It is also called Shear Modulus.

Shear Strain
6
Mechanical Properties
Hooke’s Law

Normal Stress
The stress is proportional to strain in a solid body
with a linear behavior.

Normal Stress – Normal Strain:

Shear Stress – Shear Strain:

Normal Strain

Note: The Hooke’s Law is valid only if the material remains in linear region of
the stress-strain curve. Such materials are called linear materials in mechanics.
If load is so high that the induced stress passes the yield point, the Hooke’s law
is no longer valid.
In Mechanics of Materials, we assume all materials are linear.
7
Mechanical Properties
Poisson’s ratio ( )
o If a solid body is subjected to an axial tension,
it contracts in the lateral directions.
o If a solid body is compressed, it expands in
the lateral direction.

Poisson’s ratio ( ) is a ratio between lateral and


longitudinal strains. Such a ratio is constant for a
certain material.

8
Mechanical Properties
Poisson’s ratio ( )
To correlate mechanical properties/constants:

Derivation:
https://www.hkdive
di.com/2017/02/rela
tionship-between-
young-modulus.html

9
Mechanical Properties: Example 1
Normal Stress – Normal Strain

Ans: 0.00674 in Watch Example #1:


https://youtu.be/2gpeBvlb6iw 10
Mechanical Properties: Example 2
Shear Stress – Shear Strain

Ans: 0.855 MPa 11


Mechanical Properties: Example 2

12
Mechanical Properties: Example 2

13
Mechanical Properties: Example 3
E and 

Ans: E = 8960 ksi Watch Example #3:


 = 0.258 https://youtu.be/QbW_LMNhiuw 14
Mechanical Properties: Example 4
2D deformation

Ans: AD 0.0108 in
AB 0.0192 in.
15
AC 0.0221 in
Mechanical Properties: Example 4

16
Mechanical Properties: Example 4

17
Mechanical Properties

Check out more examples in


Canvas

18

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