CALORIMETRY JEE-MAIN PHYSICS-VOL-IV

CALORIMETRY
Ø If specific heat varies with temperature then heat
SYNOPSIS energy given to a substance is
θ2
INTRODUCTION
Ø Heat is a form of energy in transit, that flows from Q = m ∫ Sdθ
θ1
a body at high temperature to a body at low
temperature. Ø Water has largest specific heat among solids and
Ø The S.I. Unit of heat is Joule (J) liquids. So it is used as coolant in automobile
radiators.
Ø The C.G..S. Unit of heat is calorie (Cal) Ø Among solids, liquids, and gases specific heat is
1 Cal = 4.186 J ≅ 4.2J maximum for Hydrogen. (3.5 Cal/g- ºC ) and
Ø The quantity of heat required to warm a given minimum for radon and actinium. ( ≈ 0.022 Cal/g- ºC)
substance depends on its mass ( m), the change Ø Specific heat slightly increases with increase of
in temperature ( ∆θ ) and nature of the substance. temperature.
i.e ∆ Q = mS ∆ θ Ø Among liquids specific heat is minimum for
mercury.
Where ∆Q = quantity of heat gained
Ø The value of specific heat may lie between 0 and
m = mass of substance
α.
∆θ = rise in temperature Ø In isothermal process, the value of specific heat is
S= specific heat (depends on nature of the infinity but in adiabatic process its value is zero.
material)
Ø Specific heat of all substances is zero at 0K.
Specific Heat Ø Substances with highest specific heat are bad
Ø The amount of heat required to rise the conductors of heat and with low specific heat are
temperature of unit mass of a substance through good thermal and electrical conductors.
10C is called specific heat of the material of the Ø The substance with large specific heat warms up
body. slowly and cools down slowly.
1 ∆Q S.No. Substance Specific heat
S=
m ∆θ CGS Value S.I Value
Ø The S.I unit of S is J/kg- K a) Water 1cal g-1 0C-1 4186 JKg-1 K-1
Ø The C.G.S unit of S is Cal./g- 0C b) Ice -1 0 -1
0.5 cal g C 2100 Jkg-1 K-1
Ø Dimensional formula of S is L2T −2θ −1 c) Steam 0.47 cal g-1 0C-1 1970 Jkg-1 K-1
Ø Molar specific heat capacity
1 ∆Q
Thermal capacity or Heat capacity
C= (n = number of moles)
n ∆θ Ø It is the amount of heat required to rise the
Ø The SI unit of C is J/mole - K temperature of the body by 10C
Ø The C.G.S. unit of C is Cal / mole - ºC
∆Q
Ø Dimensional formula of C is ML2T −2θ −1mole −1 H=
∆θ
Ø Gases will have two specific heats
(i) Specific heat at constant volume (Cv) Ø The S.I.unit of H is JK-1
(ii) Specific heat at constant pressure (Cp). Ø The C.G.S unit of H is Cal oC-1
Ø Specific heat depends only on the nature of Ø Dimensional formula of H is ML2T −2θ −1
material and unit of temperature. Usually Ø Thermal capacity depends on mass and nature of
temperature dependence of specific heat is the substance.
neglected.
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Water equivalent W.E. 4: Two spheres of radii in the ratio 1:2, have
specific heats in the ratio 2:3. The densities
Ø Mass of water which has same thermal capacity are in the ratio 3:4. Find the ratio of their
as that of the substance is called water equivalent thermal capacities.
Ø It is numerically equal to heat capacity (ms) in CGS Sol: Thermal capacity of a body = mS.
units The ratio of thermal capacities
Ø The S.I unit of water equivalent is kg 4 3
Ø The C.G.S unit of water equivalent is g. π r1 ρ1 S1   3 
m1S1 V1 ρ1 S1 r ρ  S 
= = 3 =  1   1  1 
Ø Dimensional formula of water equivalent is ML0T 0 m 2 S 2 V2 ρ 2 S 2 4
π r23 ρ 2 S 2  r2   ρ 2   S 2 
.
3
Ø If mW , ms are masses of water and substance and
r1 1 S1 2 ρ1 3
SW , S S are their specific heats respectively then, Here, r = 2 ; S = 3 ; ρ = 4
2 2 2
mW × SW × ∆θ = mS × S S × ∆θ The ratio of thermal capacities
⇒ mW ×1 = mS S S , ∴ mW = mS S S
3
 1   3  2  1
=      =
W.E-1:A lead piece of mass 25g gives out 1200  2   4   3  16
calories of heat when it is cooled from 900 C CALORIMETRY
Ø Calorimetry means measurement of heat.
to 100 C . What is its (i) specific heat (ii) ther- Ø A device in which heat measurement can be made
mal capacity (iii) water equivalent. is called ‘calorimeter’.
Sol: Mass of lead piece (m) = 25 g = 0.025 kg Law of method of mixtures (or)
Heat energy given out ( dQ ) = 1200 × 4.2 J Principle of calorimetry
Ø If two liquids at different temperatures are mixed
1 dQ together, the heat lost by hot body is equal to the
(i) specific heat S = heat gained by the cold body. This is called law
m dθ
of method of mixtures.
1 1200 × 4.2 Ø When three substances of different masses m1,
= × = 2520JKg −1K −1
0.025 80 m2 and m3 ,specific heats S1,S2,S3 and at different
(ii) Thermal capacity = mS = 0.025 × 2520 temperatures θ1 , θ2 , and θ3 respectively are
= 63 J/K
mixed, then the resultant temperature is
63 m S θ + m2 S2θ2 + m3 S3θ3
(iii) Water equivalent Kg = 0.015 Kg θ= 1 1 1
4200 m1S1 + m2 S2 + m3S3 (when state of
W.E-2 : The specific heat of a substance varies
contents does not change)
as ( 3θ 2 + θ ) ×10−3 cal /g − º C. What is the Ø Two liquids of masses m 1 and m 2 and specific
amount of heat required to rise the heats S1 and S 2 respectively are mixed. Then
temperature of 1kg of substance from the specific heat of the mixture is
10ºC to 20ºC?
Sol.:For small change in temperature d θ , heat m S + m2 S 2
∴ S mix = 1 1
required, dQ = mSdθ . ( m1 + m2 )
θ2 W.E 5: 10 litres of hot water at 70ºC is mixed
∴ Q = ∫ mSdθ with an equal volume of cold water at 20º C .
θ1 Find the resultant temperature of the water.
20 (Specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg -K)
θ2
20

( 2
)
∴ Q = ∫ 1000 3θ + θ ×10 dθ = θ +
−3

2 10
3 m1S1θ1 + m2S2θ2
Sol. Resultant temperature, θ = m S + m S
10
1 1 2 2

 3 202   3 102  Here, m1 = m2 = 10kg ,

=  20 +  − 10 +  = 8200− 1050 = 7150cal (since mass of 1 litre of water is 1 kg).
 2   2 
W.E-3: Find the water equivalent of copper block θ1 = 70º C;θ2 = 20º C
of mass 200g. The specific heat of copper is and S1 = S 2 = 4200 J / kg − K
0.09 cal / g 0C . 10 × 4200 × 70 + 10 × 4200 × 20
θ= = 45º C
Sol: Water equivalent w= mS = 200 × 0.09 = 18g 10 × 4200 + 10 × 4200
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CALORIMETRY JEE-MAIN PHYSICS-VOL-IV
W.E 6. A sphere of aluminium of 0.047 kg is CHANGE OF STATE
placed for sufficient time in a vessel Ø Matter exists in three states or phases such as
containing boiling water, so that the sphere solid, liquid and gas.
is at 1000C. It is then immediately transferred Ø A transition from one of these states to
to 0.14 kg copper calorimeter containing 0.25 another is called change of state.
kg of water at 200C. The temperature of water Melting of ice or vaporisation of water is an
rises and attains a steady state at 23 0 C example for change of state. During change of
Calculate the specific heat capacity of state, temperature remains constant.
aluminium. Melting:
( Scu = 386 J / Kg − K ; S w = 4180 J / Kg − K ) Ø The change of state from solid to liquid is called
melting (and the reverse process is called fusion).
Sol: Heat lost by aluminium sphere =
Ø Every solid melts at a definite temperature called
(heat gained by water) + (heat gained by
melting point.
calorimeter)
Ø The melting point remains constant until the entire
0.047 × SAl × (1000 − 230 ) = 0.25× 4180( 230 − 200 ) amount of solid substance melts.
Ø During melting, solid and liquid states are in
+0.14 × 386 ( 230 − 200 ) equilibrium.
Ø Melting point of a solid depends on its nature,
∴ S Al = 911J / Kg − K
pressure and presence of impurities.
Vaporisation (Boiling) :
W.E 7: The temperature of equal masses of three Ø The change of state from liquid to vapour at a
different liquids A, B and C are 12ºC, 19ºC particular temperature is called vaporisation.(and
and 28ºC respectively. The common the reverse process is called condensation)
temperature when A and B are mixed is 16ºC Ø Every liquid vaporises at a definite temperature
and when B and C are mixed is 23ºC. What called boiling point.
should be the common temperature when A Ø The boiling point remains constant until the entire
and C are mixed? amount of liquid vaporises.
Sol. Given θ A = 12º C ,θ B = 19º C and θC = 28º C . Ø During vaporisation liquid and gaseous states are
in equilibrium.
Let S A , S B and S C are the specific heats of Ø Boiling point of a liquid depends on nature of the
respective liquids. liquid, applied pressure and presence of impurities.
When liquid A and B are mixed Evaporation:
Heat gain = Heat lost Ø The escape of molecules from the free surface of
mS A (16 − 12 ) = mS B (19 − 16 )
a liquid is called evaporation
Ø Refrigerators, air coolers etc., work on the
4 principle of cooling produced by evaporation.
or S B = S A ........(i ) Ø Body temperature is also controlled by
3
When liquid B and C are mixed evaporation of sweat.
Ø Evaporation is a slow process where as boiling
Heat gain = Heat lost
is a quick process.
mS B ( 23 − 19 ) = mSC ( 28 − 23) or Ø Evaporation takes place at all temperatures
whereas boiling takes place at a particular
5
SB = S C .....(ii ) temperature.
4 Ø Evaporation takes place only at the surface of a
15 liquid where as boiling occurs through out the
From (i) and (ii), we get S A = SC liquid.
16
Ø The rate of evaporation depends on the nature of
When A and C are mixed, let equilibrium tem-
the liquid.
perature of mixture is θ , then Ø The rate of evaporation is more when the difference
Heat gain = Heat lost in temperatures of the liquid and the surrounding
mSA (θ −12) = mSC ( 28 −θ ) ⇒θ = 20.26º C air is high.

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Effect of pressure on melting point and Regelation of ice:

Ø The melting of ice when pressure is applied and
boiling point resolidification on removal of pressure is called
Ø Effect of pressure on M.P and B.P can be regelation. Snow-ball preparation is due to
explained with Clausius-Clapeyron relation which regelation.
can be derived on the basis of thermodynamics Ø Skating is possible on snow due to the formation
dP L
of water below the skates.
i.e. dT = T (V − V ) Triple point :
f i Ø The temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid
L = Latent heat of fusion and vapour states co-exist is called triple point.
Vi = Initial volume, Vf = Final volume Ø The triple point of water is
273.16K (0.010C) and pressure 0.006 atm.
Ø In case of boiling as volume of vapour V f is always
(0.459 cm of Hg)
dP Ø Negative slope of ice line showing that the melting
greater than volume of liquid Vi hence is point decreases with increasing of the pressure
dT
positive. i.e boiling point of every liquid rises with Ø Sublimation is the change from a solid to the vapour
increase in pressure state without the intermediate liquid state and the
Ø In case of melting for substances like wax and reverse process of direct condensation of vapour
sulphur which expands on melting to solid is called hoar frost.
V f > Vi and hence melting point rises with increase Phase diagram of water
in pressure.
Ø In case of substances like ice and rubber which
contracts on melting V f < Vi and hence V f − Vi c ice line steamline A
pressure
negative i.e. melting point is lowered with increase
in pressure.
Ø On mountains, it is difficult to cook food because 0
with increase in height, pressure decreases and 0.006 atm
hence the boiling point of water decreases.
W.E-8: The melting point of ice is 0ºC at 1 atm. hoar frost line
At what pressure will it be -1ºC? B
 1  −3 3
(Given, V2 − V1 =  1 −  × 10 m )
 0.9 
Ø Under normal conditions of pressure, solids like
Sol. Here ∆T = ( −1 − 0 ) = −1, T = 273 + 0 = 273K
camphor, iodine, arsenic, etc., do not melt when
 1  −3 3
heated, but they under go “sublimation”.
and V2 − V1 =  1 −  × 10 m (given) Latent Heat :
 0.9 
Ø It is the amount of heat required to change unit
L = 80cal / g
mass of a substance from one state to another
∆P L state without any change of temperature.
we have, ∆T = T (V − V )
Q
( J / Kg or Cal / g )
2 1
L=
m
∆P 80 × 4.2 ×103
= ∴ Q = mL ; L = Latent Heat
( −1) 
273 1 −
1  −3
 ×10 Ø Latent heat of fusion of ice is 80Cal/g or
 0.9 
0.335 × 106 J/kg.
∴∆P = 110.8 ×105 N / m 2 = 110.8 atm Ø Latent heat of vapoursiation of water is 540 Cal/
P2 − P1 = 110.8 atm ⇒ P2 = 110.8 + P1 = 111.8 atm g or 2.26 × 106 J/kg

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CALORIMETRY JEE-MAIN PHYSICS-VOL-IV
Ø The amount of heat required to convert m gram W.E-9 : A piece of ice of mass 100 g and at
of ice at –100C to m gram of steam at 1000C is temperature 00 C is put in 200 g of water at
0
250 C . How much ice will melt as the
-10 C m gm
temperature of the water reaches 00 C ?
Q1 = msice ∆q (specific heat capacity of water
= 4200J kg −1 K −1 and latent heat of fusion
0
0C m gm
Q2 = mLice of ice = 3.4 × 105 J Kg −1 )
0
0C m gm Sol: The heat released as the water cools down from
Q3 = msw ∆q 250 C to 00 C is
0
100 C
m gm
Q = mS ∆θ = ( 0.2 )( 4200 )( 25 ) = 21000 J
Q4 = mLsteam The amount of ice melted by this heat is
0
100 C m gm Q 21000
m= = = 62 g
L 3.4 × 10 5
Y W.E-10 : The following graph represents change
of state of 1 gram of ice at −200 C . Find the
Boiling
net heat required to convert ice into steam at
Point
1000 C
Melting Sice = 0.53cal / g − 0 C
Point
0
T( C)
X

Total heat required Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 d

100
Ø During melting or boiling the heat absorbed by e
the substance is used in increasing the molecular 0
b
c
distances
a Q(cal)
Temperature -20 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
F
Sol: In the figure :
0
100 C a to b: Temperature of ice increases until it reaches
D its melting point 00 C .
0CB
0
C
Q1 = mSice  0 − ( −20 )  = (1)( 0.53)( 20 ) = 10.6cal
ice
b to c: Temperature remains constant until all the
A Heat ice has melted
Length of BC ∝ Latent Heat of fusion of ice
Length of DE ∝ Latent Heat of Vapourisation Q2 = mL f = (1)( 80 ) = 80cal
Length of DE > Length of BC ( i.e. always Lv > L f ) c to d : Temperature of water again rises until it
reaches its boiling point 1000 C
1
Slope of AB ∝ mS Q3 = mS water [100 − 0] = (1)(1.0 )(100 ) = 100cal
solid
d to e : Temperature is again constant until all the
1
slope of CD ∝ mS
water is transformed into the vapour phase
Liquid Q4 == mLv = (1)( 539 ) = 539cal
Note:
Thus, the net heat required to convert 1g of ice at
(i) Latent heat of a substance becomes zero at
critical temperature. −200 C into steam at 1000 C is
(ii) Latent heat depends on the nature of a substance Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 = 729.6cal
and pressure.
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W.E-11 : A calorimeter of water equivalent 83.72 Let m be the mass of steam condensed, then
Kg contains 0.48 Kg of water at 35ºC. How 180 1
much mass of ice at 0ºC should be added to m× 540 = 180 ⇒ m = 540 = 3 g
decrease the temperature of the calorimeter
to 20ºC. 1 4
Final contents : Water = 1 + = g ,
3 3
(SW= 4186J / Kg-K and Lice = 335000 J / Kg ) 1 2
Sol. Heat capacity of the calorimeter = 83.72J K-1 steam = 1 − 3
= g
3
From law of method of mixtures, W.E-14: 20g of steam at 100ºC is passed into 100g
Heat lost by calorimeter  of ice at 0ºC. Find the resultant temperature
 if latent heat of steam is 540 cal/g, latent heat
+  = Heat gained by the ice
 of ice is 80 cal/ g and specific heat of water is
Heat lost by water  1 cal/gºC.
Sol. For steam
83.72×15+ 0.48×4186×15 = m×( 335000 +83720) Heat lost by the steam in condensation
∴ m = 0.07498 Kg Q1 = ms Ls = 20 × 540 = 10800cal .........(1)
W.E-12: A steam at 100ºC is passed into 1 kg of For ice
water contained in a calorimeter of water Heat gained by the ice in melting and to rise its
equivalent 0.2 kg at 9ºC till the temperature temperature from 0o C to 1000 C is
of the calorimeter and water in it is increased
to 90ºC. Find the mass of steam condensed Q2 = mice Lice + mice S w ∆t
in kg ( SW=1 cal/g ºC, & Lsteam = 540 cal/ = 100 × 80 + 100 ×1 ×100 = 18000cal ......(2)
g)(EAM-14E)
Sol.Let, m be the mass of the steam condensed. From eq. (1) and (2) ; Q2 > Q1
mass of the steam passed into calorimeter, Let θ = resultant temperature of the mixture
m2 = 1kg = 1000 g. According to law of method of mixtures
Water equivalent of calorimeter, Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by ice
m1Sl = 0.2 kg = 200g
ms Ls + ms Swater (100 −θ ) = mice Lice + mice Swater (θ − 0)
θ1 = temperature of the steam = 100ºC
θ2 = temperature of the water = 9ºC ( 20×540) +20×1(100−θ) = (100×80) +(100×1×θ)
⇒ θ = 40º C
θ3 = resultant temperature = 90ºC
Note: The temperature of mixture can never be lesser
From law of method of mixtures,
than lower temperature and can never be greater
Heat lost = heat gained (calorimeter + water)
than higher temperature
m  Lsteam + SW (θ1 − θ3 )  = [ m1S1 + m2 SW ] (θ3 − θ2 ) θ L ≤ θ mix ≤ θ H
m 540 + 1(100 − 90 )  = [ 200 + 1000 × 1] ( 90 − 9 ) If ‘m’ g of steam at 1000 C is mixed with ‘m’ g of
⇒ m = 176 g = 0.176kg ≈ 0.18kg ice at 00 C then
W.E.13: 1g steam at 100ºC is passed in an insulat- a) Resultant temperature of mixture is 1000 C
ing vessel having 1g ice at 0ºC. Find the equi-
m
librium composition of the mixture. (Neglect- b) Mass of steam condensed = g
ing heat 3
capacity of the vessel). 2m
Sol. Available heat from steam c) Mass of steam left uncondensed = g
3
mL = 1× 540 = 540 cal
4m
Heat required for melting of ice and to rise its tem- d) The final mixture contains g of water and
3
perature to 100º C = mice Lice + mwater S water ∆θ
2m
= (1× 80 ) + 1×1× (100 − 0)  = 180 cal 3
g of steam both at 1000 C

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W.E-15 : 6 gm of steam at 1000 C is mixed with 6 W.E.17.When a small ice crystal is placed into
super cooled water, it begins to freeze
gm of ice at 00 C . Find the mass of steam left instantaneously. What amount of ice is
uncondensed formed from 1kg of water super cooled to
( L f = 80cal / g , Lv = 540cal / g , −8º C .
Sol. mL = m1S∆θ ; m× 80 = 1000 ×1× 8 ; m = 100g
SWater = 1cal / g − 0 C ) Saturated and Unsaturated Vapours :
Sol: For steam (a)When the pressure exerted by a vapour is
maximum it is called saturated vapour, when
Heat lost by the steam in condensation pressure exerted is not maximum, it is called
Q1 = ms Ls = 6 × 540 = 3240cal .........(1) unsaturated vapour.
For ice (b)Saturated vapours do not obey the gas laws and
saturated vapour pressure of liquid is independent
Heat gained by the ice in melting and to rise
of volume occupied. But unsaturated vapour obey
its temperature from 0o C to 1000 C is the gas laws.
(c)At boiling point of a liquid saturated vapour
Q2 = mice Lice + mice S w ∆t pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure at that
= 6 × 80 + 6 ×1 ×100 = 1080cal ......(2) place.
NOTE:
From eq (1) and (2) Q1 > Q2
Units
i.e , the total steam did not condensed into water. Physical
CGS
Let ‘m’ gm of steam is condensed into water by Quantity SI
( Practical )
giving 1080cal. of heat . Heat Joule Calories
Specific Heat Joule/Kg -K Cal/ g-0 C
1080
mLs = 1080 ; m = = 2 gm Molar specific Joule/m ol -
Cal/mol -0 C
540 Heat K
Thermal
∴ mass of the steam left uncondensed = 6 − 2 = 4g capacity
Joule/Kg Cal/ 0C
Water
W.E-16:A piece of ice(heat capacity =2100J/Kg 0C Kg g
Equivalent
and latent heat = 3.36 × 105 J / Kg ) of mass m
grams is at −5º C at atmospheric pressure. It C.U.Q
is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts
melting. Finally when the ice-water mixture 1. Heat capacity of a substance is infinite. It
is in equilibrium, it is found that 1gm of ice means
has melted. Assuming there is no other heat 1) heat is given out 2) heat is taken in
exchange in the process. Find the value of 3) no change in temperature whether heat is taken
m. (JEE-2010) in (or) given out
Sol. Here, heat given is used to increase the 4) all of the above
temperature of the ice to 0º C and to melt 1gm of 2. The heat capacity of a material depends upon
ice. 1) the structure of a matter
Given m is mass of ice in gm. 2) temperature of matter
3) density of matter 4) specific heat of
( )
∴ 420 = m × 2100 × 5 + 1× 3.36 × 105 × 10−3 matter
⇒ m = 8 gm . 3. Heat required to raise the temperature of one
gram of water through 1 0C is
Super cooling : 1) 0.001 Kcal 2) 0.01 Kcal
Ø Most liquids, if cooled in a pure state in a perfectly 3) 0.1 Kcal 4) 1.0 Kcal
clean vessel, with least disturbance, can be 4. In defining the specific heat, temperature is
lowered to a temperature much below the normal represented in 0F instead of 0C. Then the
freezing point, without solidifying. This is known value of specific heat will
as super cooling or super fusion. 1) decrease 2) increase
Ø In super cooling, water can be cooled upto 3) remain constant
−10ºC without becoming solid. 4) be converted to heat capacity
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5. Which of the following states of matter have 12. Cooking is difficult on mountains because
two specific heats ? 1) water boils at low temperature
1) Solid 2) Gas 3) Liquid 4) Vapour 2) water boils at high temperature
6. The specific heat of a gas in an isothermal 3) water does not boil 4) it is cool there
process is 13. Paraffin wax expands on melting. The melting
1) infinity 2) zero point of wax with increasing pressure
3) negative 4) remains constant 1) increases 2) decreases
7. Why the specific heat at a constant pressure 3) remains same 4)we can’t say
is more than that at constant volume 14. In a pressure cooker cooking is done quickly
1) There is greater inter molecular attraction at because
constant pressure 1) the cooker does not absorb any heat
2) At constant pressure molecular oscillation are 2) it has a safety valve
more violent 3) boiling point of water rises due to increased
3) External work need to be done for allowing pressure
expansion of gas at constant pressure 4) it is a prestige to cook in a cooker
4) Due to more reasons other than those 15. A large block of ice is placed on a table when
mentioned in the above the surroundings are at 00C
8. The ratio [Cp / Cv] of the specific heats at a 1) ice melts at the sides 2) ice melts at the top
constant pressure and at a constant volume of 3) ice melts at the bottom
any perfect gas 4) ice does not melt at all
16. Which of the following at 1000C produces
1) can’t be greater than 5/4
most severe burns ?
2) can’t be greater than 3/2
1) Hot air 2) Water 3) Steam 4) Oil
3) can’t be greater than 5/3
17. The latent heat of vaporisation of water is
4) can have any value more than latent heat of fusion of ice, why
9. During melting process, the heat given to a 1) On vaporisation much larger increase in volume
solid is used in (generally) takes place
1) increasing the temperature 2) Increase in kinetic energy is much larger on
2) increasing the density of material boiling
3) increasing the average distance between the 3) Kinetic energy decreases on boiling
molecules 4) Volume decreases when the ice melts
4) increasing the average K.E. of the molecules 18. The latent heat of vaporisation of a substance
10. When two blocks of ice are pressed against is always
each other then they stick together (coalesce) 1) greater than its latent of fusion
because 2) greater than its latent heat of sublimation
1) cooling is produced 2) heat is produced 3) equal to its latent heat of sublimation
3) increase in pressure, increase in melting point 4) less than its latent heat of fusion
4) increase in pressure, decrease in melting point 19. A piece of ice at 0 0C is dropped into water at
00C. Then ice will
11. Ice is found to be slippery when a man walks
1) melt 2) be converted to water
on it This is so because
3) not melt 4) partially melt
1) increase in pressure causes ice to melt faster C.U.Q-KEY
2) increase in pressure causes ice to melt slower 01) 3 02) 4 03) 1 04) 1 05) 2 06) 1
3) its surface is smooth and cold 07) 3 08) 3 09) 3 10) 4 11) 1 12) 1
4) ice is colder 13) 1 14) 3 15) 3 16) 3 17) 1 18) 1
19) 3
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8. A beaker contains 200g of water. The heat

LEVEL - I (C.W) capacity of the beaker is equal to that of 20g
water. The initial temperature of water in the
HEAT CAPACITY (OR)
beaker is 200C. If 440g of hot water at 920C
THERMAL CAPACITY is poured in it, the final temperature
1. The ratio of densities of two substances is (neglecting radiation loss) will be nearly
2:3 and that of specific heats is 1 : 2. The 1) 580C 2) 680C 3) 730C 4) 780C
ratio of thermal capacities per unit volume is 9. If 10g of the ice at 00C is mixed with 10g of
1) 1 : 2 2) 2 : 1 3) 1 : 3 4) 3 : 1 water at 1000C, then the final temperature of
2. Two spheres of copper of diameters 10cm and the mixture will be
20 cm will have thermal capacities in the ratio 1) 50C 2) 100C 3) 100 K 4) 00C
1 1 1 1 10. 10 grams of steam at 1000 C is mixed with 50
1) 2) 3) 4)
8 2 4 6 gm of ice at 00 C then final temperature is
3. Two liquids A and B of equal volumes have 1) 200 C 2) 500 C 3) 400 C 4) 1000 C
their specific heats in the ratio 2 : 3. If they 11. The heat energy required to vapourise 5kg
have same thermal capacity, then the ratio of water at 373 K is
of their densities is 1) 2700 K.cal 2) 1000 K.cal
1) 1 : 1 2) 2 : 3 3) 3 : 2 4) 5 : 6 3) 27 K.cal 4) 270 K.cal
4. Specific heat of aluminium is 0.25 cal/g-0c. 12. Two liquids A and B are at temperatures of
The water equivalent of an aluminium vessel 750C and 1500C respectively. Their masses
of mass one kilogram is are in the ratio of 2 : 3 and specific heats are
1) 40 cal/ 0C 2) 250 g in the ratio 3 : 4. The resultant temperature
0
3) 250 cal/ C 4) 40 g of the mixture, when the above liquids, are
mixed (Neglect the water equivalent of
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR) container ) is
1) 1250C 2) 1000C 3) 500C 4) 1500C
CALORIMETRY AND CHANGE OF
13. 1g of ice at 00 C is mixed 1g of steam at
STATE PRINCIPLE
5. The quantity of heat which can rise the 1000 C . The mass of water formed is
temperature of x gm of a substance through 1) 1.33g 2) 1 g 3) 0.133 g 4) 13.3g
t1°C can rise the temperature of y gm of 14. A piece of metal of mass 112g is heated to
water through t2°C is same. The ratio of 1000 C and dropped into a copper calorimeter
specific heats of the substances is of mass 40g containing 200g of water at
1) yt1 / xt2 2) xt2 / yt1 160 C . Neglecting heat loss, the specific heat
3) yt2 / xt1 4) xt1 / yt2 of the metal is nearly, if the equilibrium
6. Two liquids A and B are at 300C and 200C temperature reached is 240 C
respectively. When they are mixed in equal ( Scu = 0.1cal / g −º C )
masses the temperature of the mixture is
found to be 260C. The ratio of specific heats 1) 0.292 cal / gm −0 C
is 2) 0.392 cal / gm −0 C
1) 4 : 3 2) 3 : 4 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 2
0
3) 0.192 cal / gm −0 C
7. M g of ice at 0 C is mixed with M g of water
at 100c. The final temperature is 4) 0.492 cal / gm −0 C
1) 80C 2) 60C 3) 40C 4) 00C
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15. Three liquids with masses m1 , m2 , m3 are 9. From principle of calorimetry

thoroughly mixed. If their specific heats are ( m × L) + ( m × S ×∆θ1 ) = m × S ×∆θ2
S1 , S2 , S3 and their temperatures θ1 , θ2 , θ3 10. Heat lost = Heat gained
respectively, the temperature of the mixture is mice Lice + mice Sw (θ ) =
S1θ1 + S2θ2 + S3θ3 msteam Lsteam + msteam S w (100 − θ )
1) m S + m S + m S
1 1 2 2 3 3 11. Q = m x Lsteam
m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ2 + m3S3θ3 12. mASA ( θ -75) = mBSB (150 - θ )
2) m1S1 + m2 S2 + m3 S3 13. Here the resultant temperature is 1000 C

m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ2 + m3S3θ3 m| is mass of the steam condensed

3) m1θ1 + m2θ2 + m3θ3 m| Lv = mice L f + mice S water × ∆θ

m1θ1 + m2θ2 + m3θ3 ∴ water formed = 1g + m|

4) S θ + S θ + S θ 14. Heat lost by metal = heat gained by calorimeter
1 1 2 2 3 3
and water
LEVEL - I (C.W)-KEY mmetal Smetal (100 − 24 ) =
01) 3 02) 1 03) 3 04) 2 05) 3 06) 4
07) 4 08) 2 09) 2 10) 3 11) 1 12) 1 ( mcu Scu + mwater Sw ) ( 24 −16)
13) 1 14) 3 15) 2 15. Let θ1 > θ2 > θ3 and θ = resultant temperature.
From principle of colorimetry
LEVEL - I (C.W)-HINTS
m3 S3 (θ3 − θ ) = m1S1 (θ − θ1 ) + m2 S2 (θ − θ 2 )
H1  ρ1  S1 
1. H = mS = ρVS ⇒ H =  ρ  S 
2  2  2 
LEVEL - I (H.W)
3
4 H r 
2. H = mS = ρ π r 3 S ⇒ 1 =  1 
3 H 2  r2  HEAT CAPACITY (OR) THERMAL
CAPACITY
ρ1 S2 1. The densities of two substances are in the
3. m1S1 = m2S2 ⇒ v1ρ1 S1 = v2 ρ2 S2 ; ρ = S
2 1 ratio 5:6 and the specific heats are in the ratio
4. water equivalent = mS gram. 3:5 respectively. The ratio of their thermal
5. Q1 = Q2 ⇒ m1S1θ1 = m2 S2θ2 capacities per unit volume is
1) 2:1 2) 1:2 3) 4:1 4) 1:4
6. Heat lost by A = Heat gain by B
2. Two spheres with radii in the ratio 1:2 have
S A ( ∆θ ) B specific heats in the ratio x:y and densities in
mS A ( ∆θ ) A = mSB ( ∆θ ) B ⇒ =
SB ( ∆θ ) A the ratio z:x. The ratio of their thermal
capacities is
7. ( M × 80 ) > ( M ×10 ) ∴ Final Temp. is 00 c 1) z:2y 2) zy:8 3) z:8y 4) xy:2z
3. Density of a liquid ‘A’ is 0.5 g/c.c and that of
8. From principle of calorimetry
liquid ‘B’ is 0.6 g/c.c . Heat capacity of 8 litres
mwater × Sw × (θ − 20) + ( mS ) × (θ − 20) of ‘A’ is equal to that of 10 litres of ‘B’ . Then
the specific heats ratio of A and B is
= mhot water ×Sw ×( 92 −θ ) 1) 4:5 2) 1:1 3) 2:3 4) 3:2

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4. A copper block of mass 500 gm and specific 11. Quantity of heat lost in condensation of 10
heat 0.1 cal/gm 0 C heated from 300 C to gm of steam at 1000 C is
2900 C , the thermal capacity of the block is 1) 2.26 × 105 J 2) 2.26 × 104 J
1) 50cal / 0 C 2) 50gm 3) 5cal / 0 C 4) 5gm 3) 22.6 J 4) 44.52 × 104 J
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR) 12. Two liquids at temperatures 600 C and 200 C
respectively have masses in the ratio 3:4
CALORIMETRY & CHANGE OF
their specific heats in the ratio 4:5 . If the
STATE PRINCIPLE two liquids are mixed, the resultant
5. 75 gm of copper is heated to increase its temperature is (2000 E)
temperature by 100 C . If the same quantity 1) 700 C 2) 500 C 3) 400 C 4) 350 C
of heat is given to ‘m’ gm of water, to have 13. Steam at 1000 C is passed into 22 grams of
same rise in temperature is ( specific heat of
water at 200 C . When resultant temperature
copper = 420 J / Kg −0 C )
is 900 C , then weight of the water present is
1) 7.5gm 2) 5gm 3) 10gm 4) 2.5gm 1) 27.33 g 2) 24.8 g 3) 2.8 g 4) 30 g
6. Two liquids are at 400 C and 300 C . When they 14. A calorimeter of water equivalent 100 grams
are mixed in equal masses, the temperature contains 200 grams of water at 100 C . A solid
of the mixture is 360 C . Ratio of their specific of mass 500 grams at 450 C is added to the
heats is calorimeter. If equilibrium temperature is
1) 3:2 2) 2:3 3) 4:3 4) 3:4 250 C then, the specific heat of the solid is
7. If 10g of the ice at 00C is mixed with 10g of (in cal / g − 0 C )
water at 100C, then the final temperature of 1) 0.45 2) 0.1 3) 4.5 4) 0.01
the mixture will be 15. Two liquids of masses m and 5 m at
1) 50C 2) 00C 3) 1000 C 4) 400C temperatures 3θ , 4θ are mixed. If their
8. 5 gm of steam at 1000 C is passed into specific heats are 2S,3S respectively, the
resultant temperature of mixture is
calorimeter containing liquid. Temperature of
liquid rises from 320 C to 400 C . Then water 66 55 44 33
1) θ 2) θ 3) θ 4) θ
equivalent of calorimeter and contents is 17 17 17 17
1) 40 g 2) 375 g 3) 300 g 4) 160 g LEVEL - I ( H.W )-KEY
01) 2 02) 3 03) 4 04) 1 05) 1 06) 1
9. M gram of ice at 00 C is mixed with 3 M gram
07) 2 08) 2 09) 2 10) 1 11)2 12) 4
of water at 800 C then the final temperature 13) 2 14) 1 15) 1
is
LEVEL - I ( H.W )-HINTS
1) 300 C 2) 400 C 3) 500 C 4) 600 C
H1  ρ1  S1 
10. 50 g of steam at 1000 C is passed into 250 g 1. H = mS = ρVS ⇒ H =  ρ  S 
2  2  2 
of ice at 00 C . Find the resultant temperature
3
(if latent heat of steam is 540 cal/g , latent 4 H ρ S r 
heat of ice is 80 cal/g and specific heat of 2. H = mS = ρ πr3S ⇒ 1 = 1 × 1 ×  1 
3 H 2 ρ 2 S2  r2 
water is 1 cal/g-0C)
1) 400 C 2) 300 C 3) 200 C 4) 100 C 3. mASA = mBSB ⇒ ρ AVAS A = ρ BVBS B

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4. Thermal capacity , H = mS
LEVEL - II (C.W)
5. Q1 = Q2 ⇒ m1S1∆θ1 = m2 S 2 ∆θ 2
SPECIFIC HEAT
6. Heat lost by 1st liquid = Heat gained by 2nd liquid. 1. A metal block absorbs 4500 cal of heat when
heated from 300 C to 800 C . Its thermal
mS1 ( 400 − 360 ) = mS 2 ( 360 − 300 ) capacity is
1) 90 gm 2) 90 cal / 0 C 3) 9 gm 4) 9 cal / 0 C
7. ( m × Lice ) > mSw (10) ∴ final temp is 0º C 2. Two beakers A and B contain liquids of
masses 300 g and 420 g respectively and
8. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by the
calorimeter and contents. specific heats 0.8 cal / g −0 C and 0.6 cal / g −0 C .
The amount of heat on them is equal. If they
msteam × Lv + ms × 1(1000 − 400 ) = mS ( 400 − 320 ) are joined by a metal rod
1) heat flows from the beaker B to A
9. 80M + M ×1× (θ 0 − 0 ) = 3M ×1× ( 800 − θ 0 ) 2) heat flows from A to B
3) no heat flows
10. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by ice. 4) heat flows neither from A to B nor B to A
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR)
msteam Lv + m s × S w (1000 − θ 0 )
CALORIMETRY AND CHANGE OF
= mw L f + mw S w (θ 0 − 0 )
STATE PRINCIPLE
3. Three liquids A,B and C of masses 400gm,
11. Q = mLsteam 600 gm and 800 gm are at 300c, 400c and 500c
respectively. When A and B are mixed
12. Heat lost = Heat gained
resultant temperature is 360C when B and C
m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ2 are mixed resultant temperature is 440C Then
θ= ratio of their specific heats are
m1S1 + m2 S2
1) 2:1:1 2) 3:2:1 3) 2:2:1 4) 1:4:9
13. msteam Lv + msteam S w (1000 − 900 )
4. 1gm of ice at 00C is converted to steam at
1000C the amount of heat required will be
( LSteam = 536 cal / g )
= mw S w ( 900 − 200 )
1) 756 cal 2)12000 cal 3)716 cal 4)450 cal
msteam = mass of steam converted into water 5. 50g of copper is heated to increase its
temperature by 100C. If the same quantity
∴ mass of water = 22 g + msteam of heat is given to 10 g of water, the rise in its
temperature is
14. Heat lost by solid = Heat gained by calorimeter
( Scu = 420J/kg/0C and S w = 4200J/kg/0C )
and water
1) 50C 2) 60C 3) 70C 4) 80C
ms Ss ( 45 − 25 ) = ( mc Sc + mw S w ) ( 25 − 10
0 0 0 0
) 6. A liquid of mass ‘m’ and specific heat ‘S’ is at
a temperature ‘2t’. If another liquid of thermal
15. From principle of calorimetry capacity 1.5 times, at a temperature of t/3 is
added to it, the resultant temperature will be
m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ2
θ= 4 t 2
m1S1 + m2 S2 1) t 2) t 3) 4) t
3 2 3
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7. Boiling water at 1000C and cold water at t 0C 7. Heat lost by hot water = Heat gained by cold
are mixed in the ratio 1:3 and the resultant water.
maximum temperature was 370C. Assuming
no heat losses, the value of ‘t’ is  m1 1 
m1S1 × ∆θ1 = m2 S 2 ∆θ2  Given, = 
1) 40C 2) 90C 3) 120C 4) 160C  m2 3 
8. The fraction of ice that melts by mixing equal
8. Here a part of ice is melted because heat given by
masses of ice at -10°C and water at 60°C is
water when it comes to 0ºC is less than the heat
6 11 5 11 required for ice to melt completely.
1) 2) 3) 4)
11 16 16 15 Let m| is the mass of the ice melted.
9. Power of a man who can chew 0.3 kg ice in
one minute is ( in cal/s) m′Sice (10 ) + m′Lice = mwater Sw ( 60 )
1) 400 2) 4 3) 24 4) 240
mL f
10. The final temperature, when 10 g of steam at 9. P=
t
1000 C is passed into an ice block of mass 100g
(L steam = 540 cal / g , Lice = 80 cal / g ; S water = 1 cal / g 0C )
10. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by ice

is msteam × Lv + msteamSw (1000 −θ 0 ) = miceLf + miceSw (θ0 −0)

1) 00C 2)15.70C 3) 16.90C 4) 20.40C
LEVEL - II (C.W) - KEY LEVEL - II (H.W)
01) 2 02) 2 03) 3 04) 3 05) 1 06) 2
07) 4 08) 2 09) 1 10) 1 SPECIFIC HEAT
LEVEL - II (C.W) - HINTS 1. A calorimeter takes 200 cal of heat to rise its
temperature through 100 C . Its water
∆Q
1. H = equivalent in gm is
∆θ
1) 2 2) 10 3) 20 4) 40
2. Quantity of heat on A = Quantity of heat on B
2. Three different substances have the specific
m A × S A × θ 1 = m B × S B × θ 2 ⇒ θ1 > θ 2
heats in the ratio 1:2:3 and the temperature
3. When A, B are mixed increases in the ratio 3:2:1 when the same
mA S A ( ∆θ ) A = mB S B ( ∆θ ) B ...... (i) heat is supplied to the three substances. The
When B, C are mixed ratio of their masses is
1) 1:1:1 2) 1:2:3 3) 3:2:1 4) 4:3:4
m B S B ( ∆ θ ) B = mC S C ( ∆ θ )C ...... (ii)
From (i) and (ii) we get relation between SA and SC. LAW OF MIXTURES (OR)
When A and C are mixed CALORIMETRY & CHANGE OF
m AS A (∆θ )A = m C SC (∆θ )C STATE PRINCIPLE
4. Q = mLsteam+mSw(100-0)+mLs 3. Equal masses of 3 liquids A, B and C have
temperatures 10º C , 25º C and 40º C
5. Q1 = Q2 ⇒ mSc ×∆θ1 = mSw ×∆θ2
respectively. If A and B are mixed, the mixture
6. From principle of calorimetry has a temperature of 15º C . If B and C are
m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ2 mixed ,the mixture has a temperature of
θ=
m1S1 + m2 S2 30º C . If A & C are mixed the temperaturee
of the mixture is (EAM-2012M)
(G i v e n , m 2 S 2 = 1.5 × m 1 S 1 )
1) 16º C 2) 35º C 3) 20º C 4) 25º C

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4. 1 gram of ice at −100 C is converted to steam 10. The amount of steam at 1000 C that should
at 1000 C the amount of heat required is be passed into 600 g of water at 100 C to make
( Sice = 0.5 cal / g −º C ) the final temperature as 400 C will be
1) 40 g 2) 30 g 3) 20 g 4) 45 g
( Lv = 536 cal / g & L f = 80 cal / g , )
1) 861 cal 2)12005 cal
LEVEL-II ( H.W ) - KEY
3)721 cal 4)455 cal
01) 3 02) 4 03) 1 04) 3 05) 3 06) 4
5. 30 gram of copper is heated to increase its
07) 2 08) 3 09) 1 10) 2
temperature by 200 C if the same quantity of
LEVEL-II ( H.W ) - HINTS
heat is given to 20 gram of water the rise in
its temperature. ∆Q
1. H=
( S w = 4200 J / kg − K & S cu = 420 J / kg − K ) ∆θ

1) 50 C 2) 60 C 3) 30 C 4) 80 C m1 S2 ∆θ 2
2. Q = mS ( ∆θ ) = const ⇒ = ×
6. A liquid of mass ‘m’ and specific heat ‘c’ is m2 S1 ∆θ1
heated to a temperature 2T. Another liquid
of mass ‘m/2’ and specific heat ‘2c’ is heated 3. When A & B are mixed, mS A ( 5 ) = mS B (10 )
to a temperature T. If these two liquids are
∴ S A = 2S B
mixed, the resulting temperature of the
mixture is When B & C are mixed, mS B ( 5 ) = mSC (10 )
1) (2/3)T 2) (8/5)T 3) (3/5)T 4) (3/2)T
7. A tap supplies water at 100 C and another tap ∴ S B = 2SC So, S A == 4SC ; When A & C are mixed

at 1000 C . How much hot water must be taken mS A (θ − 10 ) = mSC ( 40 − θ )

so that we get 20kg of water at 350 C
4. Q = m× Sice ×10 + mLice+mSw(100-0)+mLs
1) 40/9 kg 2) 50/9 kg
3) 20/9 kg 4) 130/9 kg 5. Q1 = Q2 ⇒ mcu Scu ×∆θ1 = mwSw ×∆θ2
8. Find the amount of heat supplied to decrease
m1 S1θ1 + m 2 S2 θ 2
the volume of an ice-water mixture by 1 cm3 6.From principle of calorimetry; θ = m1 S1 + m2 S 2
without any change in temperature.

(ρ = 0.9 ρ water , Lice = 80cal / gm )

7. From principle of calorimetry
ice
m1 S1θ 1 + m 2 S2 θ 2
1) 360 cal. 2) 500 cal. θ =
m1 S1 + m 2 S 2 ( Given, m1+m2=20)
3) 72 cal. 4) 720 cal
9. The power of a system which can convert 10 8. Q = m × Lice = ρice (V ) Lice
kg of water at 30 C into ice at 0 C in one
0 0

Q
minute ( L ice = 336000 J/Kg; and
9. P= ; Q = m× Sw × 30 + m× Lice
S water = 4200 J / kg / K ) will be t

1) 77 kW 2) 55 kW 10. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by water

3) 38.5 kW 4) 40 kW msteam × Lv + msteamSw (1000 − 400 ) = mwater Sw ( 400 −100 )

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LEVEL - III 6. A thermally insulated vessel contains some

water at 00 C . The vessel is connected to a
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR) CALORIMETRY
vacuum pump to pump out water vapour. This
& CHANGE OF STATE PRINCIPLE
results in some water getting frozen. The
1. 30g oficeat00C and 20 g of steam at 1000C are
maximum percentage amount of water that
mixed. The composition of the resultant will be solidified in this manner will be
mixture is
1) 40g of water and 10g steam at 1000C ( Lsteam = 21×105 J / kg and Lice = 3.36×105 J / kg ).
2) 10g of ice and 40g of water at 0 0C 1) 86.2% 2) 33.6% 3) 21% 4) 24.36%
3) 50g of water at 1000C 7. The specific heat of a substance varies with
4) 35g of water and 15g of steam at 1000C
temperature as s=0.20+0.14 θ +0.023 θ 2 (cal/
2. 30 gms of water at 30ºC is in a beaker. Which gmºC) .Heat required to raise the temperature
of the following, when added to water, will
of 2 gm of the substance from 50 C to 150 C is
have greatest cooling effect? (Specific heat
( θ is in ºC )
of copper = 0.1 cal/gmºC)
1) 24 cal 2) 56 cal 3) 82 cal 4) 100 cal
1) 100gm of water at10ºC
8. In an industrial process 10 kg of water per
2) 15gm of water at 0ºC
hour is to be heated from 200 C to 800 C . To
3) 3gm of ice at 0ºC 4) 18gm of copper at 0ºC
do this steam at 1500 C is passed from a boiler
3. ‘n’ number of liquids of masses m,2m,3m,4m,
into a copper coil immersed in water. The
....... having specific heats S, 2S,3S, 4S, ....
steam condenses in the coil and is returned
are at temperatures t, 2t, 3t, 4t . . . . are mixed.
to the boiler as water at 900 C . How many
The resultant temperature of mixture is
kilograms of steam is required per hour
3n 2n ( n + 1) (specific heat of steam = 1cal/gm, latent heat
1) t 2) 3 ( 2n + 1) t
2n + 1 of vapourisation = 540 cal/gm)?
1) 1gm 2) 1 kg 3) 10 gm 4) 10 kg
3n ( n + 1) 3n ( n + 1) 9. A heater melts 0ºC ice in a bucket completely
3) 2 ( 2n + 1) t 4) ( 2n + 1) t
into water in 6 minutes and then evaporates
all that water into steam in 47 minutes 30 sec.
4. Steam is passed into a calorimeter with water
If latent heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/gram,
having total thermal capacity 110 cal/gm and
latent heat of steam will be (specific heat of
initial temperature 30ºC. If the resultant
water is 1 cal /gam-ºC)
temperature is 90ºC, the increase in the mass 1) 536 Cal/gram 2) 533.3 Cal/gram
of the water is 3) 540 Cal/gram 4) 2.268 × 106 J/Kg
1) 12 gm 2) 1.2 gm 3) 5 gm 4) 12.4 gm 10. Ice at 0ºC is added to 200gm of water initially
5. 2 kg of ice at −20ºC is mixed with 5 kg of at 70ºC in a vacuum flask. When 50gm of ice
has been added and has all melted, the
water at 20ºC in an insulating vessel having temperature of flask and contents is 40ºC.
a negligible heat capacity. The final mass of When a further 80gm of ice is added and has
water in the vessel. ( The specific heat of all melted, the temperature of whole become
water and ice are 1k cal/kg0C and 0.5 k cal/ 10ºC. Neglecting heat lost to surroundings
kg0C respectively and the latent heat of the latent heat of fusion of ice is
fusion of ice is 80 k cal/kg) is 1) 80 cal/gm 2) 90 cal/gm
3) 70 cal/gm 4) 540 cal/gm
1) 7 kg 2) 6 kg 3) 4 kg 4) 2 kg
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LEVEL - III-KEY m2
01) 1 02) 1 03) 3 04) 1 05) 2 m2 = 6.25m1 ; % = m + m × 100
1 2
06) 1 07) 3 08) 2 09) 2 10) 2
θ2
LEVEL - III- HINTS
7. Q = ∫ m × S × dθ
1. msLs = (mice Lice + mice s∆θ ) θ1

Where ms=mass of steam condensed to rise 15

temperature of ice to 1000c water. (
Q = 2 ∫ 0.2 + 0.14θ + 0.023θ 2 dθ )
2. From principle of calorimetry 5

(i) mSw ( 30 − θ1 ) = m1Sw (θ1 − 10 ) 8. Let ‘m’kg of steam is required for this process

(ii) mSw ( 30 − θ 2 ) = m2 S w (θ2 − 0 ) 0

steam, 150 C 0
water, 90 C
(iii) mSw ( 30 − θ3 ) = m3 Lice + m3 Sw (θ3 − 0 )

(iv) mSw ( 30 − θ 4 ) = m4Scu (θ 4 − 0 )

here m1 = 100 g , m2 = 15 g , m3 = 3 g , m4 = 18 g

above calculations will be show that θ1 is least.

water
3. From principle of calorimetry
m1S1θ1 + m2 S2θ 2 + ......
θ=
m1S1 + m2 S 2 + .....

θ=
(1 + 2 + 3 + ........ + n ) t
3 3 3 3

m w × S w × (8 0 − 2 0 )
(1 + 2 + 3 + ......... + n )
2 2 2 2

4. From principle of calorimetry = m×Ssteam ×(150 −100) + mLsteam + mSw (100 −θ )

( mS )water ∆θ1 = m ( Lsteam + S ∆θ2 ) 9. Let ‘m’ be the mass of ice in the bucket

(mS)water= 110, Sw = 1, Lice = 540 , Heat given out by heater in 6min is 80m

∆θ1 = 60 & ∆θ 2 = 10 Heat given out in 47.5min is 100m+mLv

5. Let ‘m’ be mass of ice melted into water m × 80 -- → 6 minutes

mice × Sice × 20 + m× Lice = mwater × Sw × 20 (m × 1 × 100 )+ (m × Lv) → 47.5 minutes

final mass of water in vessel = m + 5kg. ∴ 80 × 47.5 = 6(100+Lv)

10. According to principle of calorimetry
6. Let m1 mass is vaporised and m2 mass gets
solidified ML f + MS ∆θ = ( mS ∆θ )water + ( mS ∆θ ) flask
Then heat taken in vaporisation = heat given during
5Lf = 400+ 3w....(i), here w = ( mS ) flask
or m1 ( 21× 105 ) = ( m2 ) ( 3.36 × 105 )

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CALORIMETRY JEE-MAIN PHYSICS-VOL-IV

Now the system contains (200+50)gm of water

 13 
at 40ºC, so when further 80gm of ice is added d) when A,B and C all are mixed s)   θ
5
8 L f = 670 + 3w.....( ii )
3. Match the following.
from (i) & (ii) we get L f . Column-I Column-II
a) Specific heat p) watt
LEVEL - IV
b) Heat capacity q) j/kg-oC

Matching Type Questions c) Heat current r) j/sec

d) Latent heat s) j/kg
1. One gram of ice at 00 C is heated to change
4. In a container of negligible mass m grams of
to steam at 1000 C having volume 1673cc at
steam at 1000 C is added to 100gm of water
normal pressure
that has temperature 200 C . If no heat is lost
Column-I Column-II
to the surroundings at equilibrium, match the
(event) Heat required
following.
a) Change in total potential p) 40cal / g
Column-I Column-II
energy a) If m=20gm, mass of steam p)114.8
b) External work done in q) 497cal / g in the mixture (in mg)
expanding the gas b) If m=20gm, mass of water q)76.4

c) Change in kinetic energy r) 100cal / g in the mixture (in mg)

c) If m=20gm, final temperature r)5.2
d)Change in potential energy s) 577cal / g
of the mixture (in 0 C )
and boiling process
2. Three liquids A,B and C having same specific d) If m=10gm, final temperature s)100
heats have masses m,2m and 3m.Their of the mixture (in 0 C )
temperatures are θ , 2θ and 3θ respectively..
The temperature of mixture
Assertion & Reason Type Questions
Column-I Column-II Read the following Questions and Choose if
1) both, Assertion and Reason are true and the
5
p)   θ
Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.
a) when A and B are mixed
2
2) both, Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason
is not correct explanation of the Assertion.
5
b) when A and C are mixed q)   θ 3) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
3
4) Both, Assertion and Reason are false.
7
c) when B and C are mixed r)   θ 5. Assertion: The specific heat capacity of a body
3 depends on the material of the body.

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 JEE-MAIN PHYSICS-VOL-IV CALORIMETRY

Reason: The specific heat capacity of a body 12. Statement-1:At room temperature ice does not
depends on heat given sublimate from ice to steam.
6. Assertion: Latent heat of fusion of ice is 336000 Statement-2: The critical point of water is much
above the room temperature.
J kg −1
13. Statement-1 : When two liquid samples with
Reason: Latent heat refers to change of state
temperature T1 and T2 but same specific heat
without any change in temperature.
capacities are mixed the equilibrium temperature
7. Assertion: Change of state is an example of
isothermal process. T1 + T2
of the mixture is
2
Reason: Change of state from solid to liquid
occurs only at melting point of solid and change Statement-2:The amount of heat lost by the hotter
of state from liquid to gas occurs only at boiling liquid is equal to the amount of heat absorbed by
point of liquid. Thus, there is no change of the cooler liquid.
temperature during change of state. LEVEL - IV- KEY
8. Assertion: Specific heat of a substance during Matching Type Questions
change of state is infinite.
1) a-s, b-p, c-r, d-q 2) a-q, b-p, c-s, d-r
Reason: During change of state ∆Q = mL ,
3) a-q, b-s, c-p,r, d-s 4) a-r, b-p, c-s,d-p
specific heat does not come in.
Assertion & Reason Type Questions
Statement Type Questions 5) 3 6) 2 7) 1 8) 2
Options : Statement Type Questions
1. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is true 9) 1 10) 1 11) 3 12) 1 13) 3
2. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false
3. Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true LEVEL - IV - HINTS
4. Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is false 1. Specific heat depends on nature of the material but
9. Statement-1: Specific heat capacity is the cause not depend on heat given.
of formation of land and sea breeze. 2. From definition we know that temperature remains
Statement-2: The specific heat of water is more constant during change of state. From experiments
than that of land. we get the value of Lice.

10. Statement-1:When a solid melts or a liquid boils, 3. The process in which temperature remain constant
the temperature does not increase when heat is is called isothermal process.
supplied. During the change of state temperature remain
Statement-2:The heat supplied is used to increase constant until total amount of substance can
internal kinetic energy. undergoes change of state.
11. Statement-1:Melting of solid causes no change 4. During the change of state ∆θ = 0
in internal energy.
Statement-2: Latent heat is the heat required to 1 ∆Q Q
∴S = = ∞ ; From definition L =
melt a unit mass of solid. m ∆θ m

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