.

aiele cncrgy

peaked. Substitung the vales f Myc, Myc? cnd Ma c² is eqne

Date: 14-10-2oa
Nucleas Fuissien:
whec a
type of nieleas Aeachion in
Tt is a
nueleus bxcake up a'nte uelei ef Cemparable mas
atemiO mmbs.he enuamu
fhey 8.5 (At A2)- 7-6A
2 14 2
numb a (Omp +Ome 4 8.A 76A o.4A
qantity e enngy eleascal ngssien can be undastod Pas A > Q38,
tsith thu help o bincing ng est massaeases
Binee the a value is te the
Reactie, A
eaction s
A A,+ A2
emel the
Lnegeicaly poscbe.
maele entstt is mot Se
Rven Ahug tsien
with
pssbable anl olsene eompete Suces*fy
does mat becenme
spentanous -deay o
AmyelAnt deay pheces ntil we get nuelei
mass ' w n b amd obee
T tse dvide into idntical hagmets aymmntic
at this
tponaneous fessien) that ane just tucling
Aheay nucleus like Uranium has a BA vale of is 4e?
Bufaces, the Coulomb bani ATE, (RtRa)
76MeV The tagments pandued in its fsion
Kave mass numbes neas the miclele o tthe pesce AT Eo (RR
table henee thevalue o BEA et them & 8sMeh Rg =RoAY3 and R= Ro A3
thagmemts ehe identical, A Aal9
Me?
-Ri* R Ra uq3
heQ value, ie, the engy heleaiect in a fission
Q-(M,-My-Ma)c? x 46x t6
Myc?
Nmum
bMeN)A
Myet
Mze (zmg t A
 Sch ncle
Jhat lhe bowie
201 Sgg
a bo t A3o0. Lome othe nuulu nay be6as
belem The bas. hat spontaneous fision
enough a Small
bbtewed. But the obsetic os
On indesmediate State (a
(sepa nueleus) that is at abee he
Conunol
banii Ce that indeeeol trion
tAo
eadiy
i belo bom
TA the intelmediate state modw may
well,
R38) a et and Gthe dcay
totntial
Tnstdehe muclcas
thagnentu I19 PA, but the demnate The albwll'
lity of a neles to undgo
cinstantaneouiy as inducect bsion olepend csilically
Fo seme nuclei,
Coulomb baues phenents them tos sepatating
potential boiies enegy 6 the may be S«ffecurt
The felleuing gus shous the oLbsestien ß ttelmal neuthens while fes eths
nes te push then nsea the bonie)
The point P g the ene may be Aeqd
Aciivaion at o 0 Cateapeds te zast ( Me hange) neuhens
P-
the mas nceded ison
te ndue gios thu hesght
þanent nueleus. Dn olde
The ene gy beiee abese the gheund state
the isson the a ctivatuon eneg&A.The 2

that the paent nucleus This bo i caleol

mat nugo spontani
ksion, th twà fragnani oing tauxe Shoos Hhe vouiatien
numbes
esith
%tiseen
mass
ABS the potential baieA actinatien eny that the activatien
hghst pointS. ) Fom tie gue, èt can be metecl
apalation e ÜTanium iy aeund 5MeV
Hue, the hesght ot he ) Fisenn behie Cactivatien enengy vani hes aloun d
Coulob baie is makng thee nuelei emstabe.
Aoughl equal to the Aao- A - 30a
enegy helead in fiiion pontanuems tssier
may koe thns hee separate d &tates weulel
put them aboe the bais und that wauld(
fosmec) weuld unstandy wndego
Spontaneos fsen.
 decayiH 6S i n ?
the
0valueol

Tn the fsien paaus, the has

marsth
number210
d he

-vekagthmit
ofthe
Xayscmit

Splitting the nucleus he approi

Fision
ba barceded by the dtomation MBDWRITEWELL
Dato
Suexfaee foe
the ognal tenda
Pago
shapete restb.
the

minimim o
beeae he Colemb enuy dceass as
$0 2bu 2o0
t the Sphee.
Bame
the açrA(1- Le't..)
clectiel foe has te
dekehmation 6ect ot chLasingtene,
the
th

Censdu the ect en the

sphsieal nucleus that bhding thugy an strebching dusing
ghedally Stretehs. The Thus the ailkeence (dea) in
shyetehing
The Sutoie thlwme Constam belween a spheical nucleus lindingaliipsaicd
ond an
eng
Coulemb tems chich se Calulatd AE BE(E)- BEl)
jes tpheical nuceus boill be atbted AE --as A3 (1+
by
Btyet ched nucleue can be Corsidee
Aevelutien hich has a Naume of 4Tab
as
stlrieptsoichidnlg
el
e+

The deNiatien e Seniine axd,

lipseid tem a tphe of radius Riu @a, As
giun à dis totien pahamet e as 5

R (I+¬) than the fst tha

b= R(1+ ¬) 2 emgg ene (Q value) í pesitise Sach a
rucles unstablo
gainst stetching arnd
(Nelume tus Stretchin = 4nab'=
4TR(+E(+R Asadily cundgaes ision. Theuyo, fo Spcntanamt
X Nolumebtle Aien, the condihion is
ATR}3 fhen
Dusing stretehing, the Suface anea bieass Sretchiy a,raA
5
amd hene the Sufae A

alss inQeascs negg

Patting the values af as = l6:4MeV ancd 4= 0:72 MN
use ebtan z> 47
A
 LELL

Chave cteruhegfissien:
be 37 Rhçg
&ich n neuens
&tb nueCei
hey hane 0. 39. The entemeby
nsst

itcêsical
ematie
The fssicn fiagmena
nsde thieughi
unytant
tension within os) Thsse neut
sical ae
etehin neen as osempt neubhons. he nmbu plemp
70 120 1B0 40 S0 A neutaens emitte Ln a
with the matue o the
<phe Figu shoues the mas desribution & sion &fragnenty and cith the
enesgy ef the incident -particle in the cae cf
ched
elu
fagments iem themal dissien of .

Fos themal neuten inducecl

th Fsem the dul t is cleas thatthe ssien, tha
devicguld el the mas mbe A 95
maximum
and oeag
Q33 ()
nunbe
Q35
Aeso,ision nto Lqual In adeidien te the -þrempt neuteni, nutn ;
areenitted
lt hi same tim,
fissn andueed by vey hagmemts. Thee are known as dlelayed nutrons.
enengetie pasticls shoo mass
daves lqual mas distributen that The o the ode of seLondda. The
agmunt tetal intensdy the dulayed nthen il abaut
ssien. Thes euhens ae esential
emttce neuten: fei the coniel o nuclea Aeactos
Thessienhagment
A
140 must Shae in the vchety A-9S
42
A= ond
prstons. |3) Racisadise decay paees:
Aepetin to dheia mases,the nuclei tesmud wl The nitial fien precucts ane highly radioacive
 |Dote VWKTEWE
BOWRITEWELL
Data

Paqu
9
andhy deiay towadk slable
isobans
bg emitling mo fision An the
manyB and -Aadiations. thevnal
neutho hgion.
Th ie
Q0- I0-Qoag
toys 93Nb
cctic 33d Eket epaing
Fem the ches Sectieng neutrom indued
Side These adisactine hecect ae the wayte Q35 and Q38 U it can be Seen
4

nueleal heator
teh , Sectien
Su
lb) This aliffeenc n thw behawiou eult
che Setuis em the helatienhip betuen the extation
Qnegy of the compeunol Bytem and he
c&os
vatio
ohen 35 U astues
neededl to cos the bas
a neutten tB fem
Pi7sior
O cempound: State 56 U, the exitatien

l62. DA the neutben KE is Smal in the themal

Neuthon engy (ev Aegon) it can be negleetad n the eneg
tthe cuoss -section o neuton induee found diety
the cempeund Rtatt cen35be and
Fig Sheus n.
ision e 350 and a38 U. Fos a35U, thetham
Ucs tecten fe issien domis ates ene 008665u)
=(Q35 0439Q4 ut|
Scat<ening and raoliatine captune. Thenalsoss
3 oLdess of magniude laga than th 36-0+SS630) ax
Chas echion for ast neutene. fos a98 U, theso (a B6 oSR9u-a
4315evje
6:5MeV
 Datu
Paqa
M

The activaton negy fe GMey

(Ee)mini Myt MnMe)c
neigy eeoled - (Zmp +
thanthe activatien
h boee) s5U Can be qisSbne
Nmn)c?-(BE)
(Zmpt N meayA+ aç4
neutien, cessant usiH
obseed cAs Bcctien n tho.
A
Mx c = My c-Sy {
Lemal ALgion
tushee My inlude oll me exduuding

ges
Similas caleulateon he

Rexi = t MeV
The activatien eneiqy fesoU= 6bMeV
oui engY tm

E)mini (My+ Mn Myc(Se-S)

3
Bince the exitatien enegt S is tve Wen- en nules
he aetwatie enetL neuton at lias
MeV en needed Q38 add-odd nuclus
This difeence
ibe undsteod in tesmg 6 pauin9 enigy Daxget x CompoundN S-SxRemaks
the Bnii empaiea omula) e Ng thamal
tessio
Consi a neuten indlLee d tsieo Aeaetion a) tve tve Theumaltui
eAencecd even-enen pogsible
No thomal
he exuol eonpound nuucus 3) odd -enen sd -sdd
Tts extatien 2lPa 23a po
enye heutons o KAB dd-odal! del-een te Jhuml ssn
possible
a3 a
 Raiati
ner1
oJVVRITEELL
Date Dale
Page
Pago
OAM

KE) - ma ) e
in fissien' heleastd in the
theal mi hetatio betiwen Kk ghbul
he
seage enegya b o t aoo MeV. th asses
Fa9y ab
4cn The
ebea
The geltauibtion
fellawing sgthe
oltstoibutien of fissien tagn
enegy
The
he rotio
ained
atio

m the
O61
mat þebable mases
mes olistributien uwe ie,
6 4

The distibutien
be charactestic of the distrributien
olo
abat o°(" the ien eneyppeas
70

|The hemaining do°l

highly sobable engs, at 66 Me
) PAomt neutens:
d the heot and
and ev ceespending
|ght agmants. ey little momentd Thuse mays emitted at thenstamt ef
Bince the neuten ca wnts:19
Consevatien ef mementum hegis that the tu 3) B- decaye tem radioactie thagmem MON
to
sppote msmant
have nealy egual anal vetocty en the arera
agnant B-paticles anmd the st Cabeu la Mew)
mass &veloeitu nettines)
ma
radisatine fagmant:7Nav
m, o heavie tagment ) ) ays kenm
en the
KE etin ates and wtll dupend
Snly
KEa the hagments. hthio l-aMev
yONatt mabu