MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,MUMBAI

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,BEED
[Insti411tute Code:0032 ]

MICROPROJECT

Course & Code: MANAGEMENT ( 22509 )

Title of Micro project: “Introduction to management concepts and managerial skills”

Mrs.A.U. WAVARE Dr. A.K.waghmare

Dr.M.R.lohkare

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

Seal of
institute

1
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,MUMBAI

CERTIFICATE OF MICROPROJECT

This is to certify that Aniket Vikas Jadhav Roll No: 335 of Sixth Semester of
Diploma in Computer Technology of the institute GOVERNMENT
POLYTECHNIC,BEED, Institute code:0032, have satisfactorily completed
MICROPROJECT work in subject/Course: for
academic year 2023-24 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Beed Enrollment No. 2100320096

Date: Exam Seat No. 384987

Place:Beed Date:-- /-- -/2024

Mrs.A.U. WAVARE Dr. A.K.waghmare

Dr.M.R.lohkare

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

Seal of 2
institute
 Teacher Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student:Aniket Vikas Jadhav Enrollment No.2100320096
Programme: Computer Technology Semester: 6
Course Title & Code: Management [22509] Roll no: 335

Title of the Micro-Project: [In short]

“Introduction to management concepts and managerial skills”
Course Outcomes Achieved:
 Understanding key management theories.
 Developing critical thinking abilities.
 Learning essential managerial functions.

Evaluation as per Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro Project

Sr.
Characteristic to be assessed Poor Average Good Excellent
No. ( Marks 1 - 3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )

[A] Process and Product Assessment (Convert total marks out of 06)
1 Relevance to the course
2 Literature Review/information
collection
3 Completion of the Target as per
project proposal
4 Analysis and data representation
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
Total Marks Out of (6)

[B] Individual Presentation/Viva (Convert total marks out of 04)

1 Presentation
2 Viva
Total Marks Out of (4)

MIcro-Project Evaluation Sheet

Process and Product Assessment Total Marks
(6 marks) Individual Presentation/Viva 10
(Note: The total marks taken from the above Rubrics (4 marks)
is to be converted in proportion of ‘6’ marks)

Name and designation of the Teacher: (Lecturer in CM)

Dated Signature…………………………………………………………………………

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 Annexure –I
Part – A Micro-Project Proposal
(Format for Micro-Project Proposal A about 2-3 pages)

Title of Micro-Project: Introduction to management concepts and managerial skills

Brief Introduction :
Introduction to Management Concepts and Managerial Skills" is a foundational course
designed to provide an overview of essential principles in management theory and practical
skills required for effective leadership. Covering topics such as planning, organizing,
leading, and controlling, this course equips students with the fundamental tools necessary to
navigate the complexities of modern organizational environments. Through a combination of
theoretical frameworks, real-world case studies, and interactive exercises, participants
develop critical thinking abilities and hone their communication, decision-making, and
problem-solving skills. By the end of the course, students gain a solid understanding of
management concepts and acquire the managerial competencies needed to succeed in diverse
professional settings

1.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project

 Practical Learning: Apply classroom knowledge to real-world scenarios.

 Skill Development: Enhance problem-solving, teamwork, and project management skills.

 Creativity and Innovation: Encourage innovative thinking within project constraints.

 Time Efficiency: Complete project within a shorter timeframe for quick learning cycles.

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

 Application of Classroom Knowledge

 Problem-Solving Skills
 Communication and Collaboration
 Project Management
 Critical Thinking
 Adaptability
 Creativity and Innovation
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 Time Management
 Reflection and Learning

3.0 Proposed Methodology

Step 1: Comprehensive study of the micro-project will be undertaken. I will thoroughly

analyze the project requirements and clarify any doubts independently.

Step 2: Information gathering will be conducted solely by me through extensive

research online and in relevant literature. I will collect various formats required for the
project, such as certificates and evaluation sheets.

Step 3: Formats will be finalized autonomously after reviewing the collected samples.

Step 4: The topic selection process will be solely my responsibility, considering the
availability of materials and my personal interests.

Step 5: I will independently list all the stationary items needed for the project and
create a budget accordingly.

Step 6: Budget discussions will be conducted individually, and the final amount will be
determined based on my analysis and considerations.

Step 7: Collection of data, photos, and information will be solely my task. I will gather
information from various sources and submit it to the project guide for review

Step 8: Printing or drawing will be carried out independently by me, and the final
output will be shown to the project guide for approval.

Step 9: I will prepare thoroughly for the oral/viva presentation, independently

explaining the project during the evaluation process.

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5.0 Action Plan (Sequence and time required for major activity)

Planned
Sr. Planned
Details of activity Finish Name
No. Start date
date
1 Collecting different formats
2 Finalization of formats in collaboration
3 Finalizing topic title
Listing stationary items required for project
4
along with budget
5 budget and finalize the amount
6 Information collection
7 Report writing/Printing

6.0 Resources Required (major resources such as raw material, some machining facility,
software etc.)

S.
Qt
No Name of Resource/material Specifications Remarks
y
.
1
Computer,Mobile,Internet,Printer,Scanne
PC 01
r

2
Text book,Youtube,google Techmax,www.youtube.com,www.google.co.i
-
n

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 Annexure – II

Part – B Micro-Project Report

(Outcomes after Execution) Format for Micro-Project Report (Minimum 6 pages)

Title of Micro-Project:
“Introduction to management concepts and managerial skills”

Table of Contents

Sr. No. Topics Page No.

1. Rationale 8

2. Aim/Benefits of the Micro-Project 8

3. Course Outcomes Achieved 8

4. Literature Review 8

5. Actual Procedure Followed 8

6. Actual Resources Used 9

7. Outputs of the Micro-Project 11- 20

8. Skills Developed/Learning Outcomes of the Micro-Project 22

9. Applications of this Micro-Project 23

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1.0 Rationale

The rationale behind "Introduction to Management Concepts and Managerial Skills" is to

equip students with the foundational knowledge and practical skills necessary for effective
management. By focusing on key management principles and emphasizing practical
application through exercises and case studies, the course prepares students for future
leadership roles. It aims to develop essential skills such as communication, decision-making,
problem-solving, and leadership, essential for success in managerial positions. Additionally,
the course provides a global perspective and addresses ethical considerations, ensuring
students are prepared to navigate diverse and complex business environments responsibly.
Overall, the course aims to empower students to become competent and ethical managers
capable of driving organizational success.

2.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project

 Practical Application: Students can apply theoretical knowledge learned in the classroom
to real-world situations, enhancing their understanding of concepts.

 Skill Development: Engaging in a micro-project fosters the development of various skills

such as problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and teamwork.

 Creativity and Innovation: Micro-projects often encourage students to think creatively

and find innovative solutions within the constraints of the project.

 Time Efficiency: Due to their smaller scale, micro-projects can be completed in a shorter
timeframe, facilitating quicker learning cycles and feedback.

 Cost-Effectiveness: Micro-projects are typically low-cost endeavors, making them

accessible to students with limited resources.

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved

Practical Application: Students apply theoretical knowledge to solve real-world problems,

demonstrating their ability to translate learning into action.
Skill Development: Through the micro-project, students enhance various skills such as
critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and teamwork, which are essential for
success in their academic and professional endeavors

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.

Creativity and Innovation: Students exercise creativity and innovative thinking to devise
solutions within the scope of the micro-project, fostering an environment of exploration and
experimentation.

Time Management: Completing the micro-project within a specified timeframe hones

students' time management skills, preparing them for future academic and professional
commitments.

4.0 Literature Review

A literature review is a critical component of academic research that offers a thorough

examination and synthesis of existing scholarly literature relevant to a specific topic. It
serves multiple purposes within the research process. Firstly, it contextualizes the study by
providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, identifying key
themes, debates, and gaps in the literature. By identifying these gaps, the literature review
helps researchers pinpoint areas where further investigation is needed, thus laying the
groundwork for the research's contribution to the field. Additionally, the literature review
justifies the chosen research methodology by demonstrating its alignment with previous
studies and its suitability for addressing the research questions or objectives. Furthermore, it
aids in the development of a theoretical framework by identifying and synthesizing relevant
theories and concepts. Through this process, the literature review ensures conceptual clarity
by clarifying key concepts and terminologies related to the research topic. Moreover, it
provides support for the hypotheses or research questions proposed in the study by
showcasing previous findings and theoretical perspectives related to the topic.

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed.

The methodology followed in a research study outlines the systematic approach used to
gather, analyze, and interpret data to answer research questions or test hypotheses. Typically,
it includes details on research design, data collection methods, sample selection, data
analysis techniques, and ethical considerations. For instance, in quantitative studies,
researchers often employ experimental, correlational, or survey designs, utilizing structured
instruments to collect numerical data from a representative sample. Conversely, qualitative
studies may utilize methods such as interviews, observations, or content analysis to gather
in-depth insights from participants. The chosen methodology should align with the research
objectives and address potential biases or limitations. Ethical considerations, including
informed consent, confidentiality, and data protection, are paramount throughout the

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research process. Overall, a clear and well-defined methodology is essential for ensuring the
rigor, validity, and reliability of the research findings.

6.0 Actual Resources Used (Mention the actual resources used).

Sr. No. Name of Resources Specifications Qty Remarks

Required

1. Computer System 8 GB Ram and i5 processor 1

2. MS Word Latest 1

3. Browser Chrome 1

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7.0 Outputs of the Micro-Projects

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Introduction to management concepts and managerial skills

7.1 INTRODUCTION
What is Management:

Management is the coordination and administration of tasks to achieve a goal .It involves
setting objectives, organizing, motivating, measuring and developing staff . There are five
basic functions of a manager: setting objectives, organizing, motivating, measuring, and
developing staff . To be an effective manager, one needs to develop a set of skills, including
planning, communication, organization, and leadership . Management can also refer to the
seniority structure of staff members within an organization . Management can be defined as
the process of administering and controlling the affairs of the organization, irrespective of its
nature, type, structure and size. It is an act of creating and maintaining such a business
environment wherein the members of the organization can work together, and achieve
business objectives efficiently and effectively. Management acts as a guide to a group of
people working in the organization and coordinating their efforts, towards the attainment of
the common objective. In other words, it is concerned with optimally using 5M’s, i.e. men,
machine, material, money and methods and, this is possible only when there proper
direction, coordination and integration of the processes and activities, to achieve the desired
results. A universal concept that is needed in every organisation whether it is a business
organisation or a non-business organisation such as hospital school, etc., is known as
Management. An organisation’s success depends on the successful functioning of its
management and is always required whenever human and non-human resources of an
organisation work together for the accomplishment of any objective. In present times, with
an increase in the size and complexities of modern organisations. the concept of management
has gained immense importance. The definition of Management varies with the context in
which it is used. In a broader sense, Management can be defined as per Traditional
Approach and Modern Approach.

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Traditional Definitions of Management

“Management consists of getting things done through others. A manager is one who

accomplishes objectives by directing efforts of others.” – C.S. George

“Management is the art of getting things done through others.”

The traditional definitions of Management were vague as they were unable to identify the
functions, a manager has to perform to get things done through others. Besides, these
definitions gave an impression of the manipulative practice of management and ignored the
needs of workers and treated them as a means for getting results in any way

Management is the creation of an internal environment where individuals working in a group

can perform effectively and efficiently for the achievement of organisational goals. – Koontz
and Donnell “Management is defined as the process of planning, organising,

actuating, and controlling of an organisation’s operations in order to achieve coordination of

the human and material resources essential in the effective and efficient attainment of
objectives.”– Trewelly and Newport

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“Management is the process of working with and through others to effectively achieve
organisational objectives by efficiently using limited resources in the changing
environment.”

7.2 MANAGEMENT STYLES

There are just as many management styles out there as there are managers. Everyone
approaches management differently, but there tends to be a few broad classifications of
management styles. No matter what style you use, you can hone your skills and methods to
be an effective manager. Here are some common management styles

Directive. This management style is all about having a clear leader and a strict hierarchy
within teams. Directive managers focus on outcomes and results, making sure their group
meets stricter deadlines and clear goals. Bill Gates is a perfect example of this. He had a
clear vision and led his team utilizing this style.

Coaching. Just like the name says, coaching leaders are all about their people. They know
their team’s strengths, weaknesses, and growth opportunities. Coaching managers try to get
the best out of their team by playing to everyone’s skills and developing their employees’
talents. Managers who favor this style are usually great about setting clear goals, establishing
a positive environment, and motivating to drive results.

Bureaucratic. These leaders like to work within clearly defined roles. Bureaucratic
managers enjoy close supervision, defined responsibilities, and exact processes and
workflows. Often bureaucratic management is found in industries that need to comply with
many regulations, like healthcare or government.

Servant leadership. Servant leaders are a relatively new concept. These managers put their
people first and work to support their teams. Servant managers create a professionally and
personally rewarding work environment to get the best work from everyone. People with
strong interpersonal skills and a compassionate personality tend to be servant managers.

Inspirational. If you want to set a goal and don’t care how people get there, you might be an
inspirational or visionary leader. Typically managers who like this style will give lots of
support and help people figure out how to achieve the goal, but they won’t force a solution
or process on their team.

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7.3 Characteristics of Management

1. Continuous Process: Management is a continuous process. It means that the process of

business management goes on until the company exists, as it helps in achieving the
organisational goals. Every manager of an organisation has to perform the different functions
of management in a series (planning, organising, staffing, directing, and controlling).

2. Goal-oriented: Every organisation has a set of predetermined goals or objectives that it

aims to accomplish during its existence. Every organisation has different goals. Hence,
management helps these organisations in fulfilling their goals by utilising the given limited
resources in the best optimum manner. For example, If the objective of Airtel is to add a
billion Airtel Xtreme customers in a year, then all of its managerial activities will be directed
toward the achievement of this objective.

3. All Pervasive: The process of business management is universal in nature. Every

organisation, whether small scale, large scale, economic, social, etc., uses the process of
management at every level or stage. Besides, the activities involved in the management of an
organisation are common for all whether it is a social, political, or economic enterprise.

 Importance of Management

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1. Increases Efficiency: The management process of an organisation increases its efficiency
by reducing cost and increasing productivity by utilisation of the available resources in the
best possible and optimum way.

2. Helps in Achieving Group Goals: Effective management process creates teamwork and
builds coordination among the members of an organisation. The managers provide a
common path or direction to their employees for the

accomplishment of the overall objectives of the organisation.

3. Creates a Dynamic Organisation: Every organisation works in a changing environment.

The managers of an organisation have to help their members adapt to the changing
environment, which ultimately helps them ensure the survival and growth of the
organisation. Besides, the management convinces the employees that the changes brought in
the organisation will benefit their future prospects.

4. Development of Society: Every organisation has various objectives toward different

groups of society. Along with the development of the organisation, its management has to
develop the society too. To do so, the management helps the organisation produce good
quality products, adopt new technologies, and provide employment opportunities to the
weaker sections of society.

5. Helps in Achieving Personal Objectives: Every individual or employee of an

organisation has different objectives or goals they wish to accomplish while doing their jobs.
Management helps these employees in fulfilling their personal objectives along with the
organisational objectives.

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7.4 ABSTRACT:
 Characteristics of Management

16
• Universal: All the organizations, whether it is profit-making or not, they require
management, for managing their activities. Hence it is universal in nature.

• Goal-Oriented: Every organization is set up with a predetermined objective and

management helps in reaching those goals timely, and smoothly.

• Continuous Process: It is an ongoing process which tends to persist as long as the

organization exists. It is required in every sphere of the organization whether it is production,
human resource, finance or marketing.

• Multi-dimensional: Management is not confined to the administration of people only, but

it also manages work, processes and operations, which makes it a multi-disciplinary activity.

• Group activity: An organization consists of various members who have different needs,
expectations and beliefs. Every person joins the organization with a different motive, but
after becoming a part of the organization they work for achieving the same goal. It
requiressupervision, teamwork and coordination, and in this way, management comes into
the picture.

• Dynamic function: An organization exists in a business environment that has various

factors like social, political, legal, technological and economic. A slight change in any of
these factors will affect the organization’s growth and performance. So, to overcome these
changes management formulates strategies and implements them.

• Intangible force: Management can neither be seen nor touched but one can feel its
existence, in the way the organization functions.

Precisely, all the functions, activities and processes of the organization are interconnected to
one another. And it is the task of the management to bring them together in such a way that
they help in reaching the intended resul

7.5 Levels of Management:

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1. Top-Level Management: This is the highest level in the organizational hierarchy, which
includes Board of Directors and Chief Executives. They are responsible for defining the
objectives, formulating plans, strategies and policies.

2. Middle-Level Management: It is the second and most important level in the corporate
ladder, as it creates a link between the top and lower-level management. It includes
departmental and division heads and managers who are responsible for implementing and
controlling plans and strategies which are formulated by the top executives.

3. Lower Level Management: Otherwise called as functional or operational level

management. It includes first-line managers, foreman, supervisors. As lower-level
management directly interacts with the workers, it plays a crucial role in the organization
because it helps in reducing wastage and idle time of the workers, improving the quality and
quantity of output.

7.6 Functions of Management:

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• Planning: It is the first and foremost function of management, i.e. to

decide beforehand what is to be done in future. It encompasses formulating policies,

establishing targets, scheduling actions and so forth.

• Organizing: Once the plans are formulated, the next step is to organise the activities and
resources, as in identifying the tasks, classifying them, assigning duties to subordinates and
allocating the resources.

• Staffing: It involves hiring personnel for carrying out various activities of the organization.
It is to ensure that the right person is appointed to the right job.

• Directing: It is the task of the manager to guide, supervise, lead and motivate the
subordinates, to ensure that they work in the right direction, so far as the objectives of the
organization are concerned.

• Controlling: The controlling function of management involves a number of steps to be

taken to make sure that the performance of the employees is as per the plans. It involves
establishing performance standards and comparing them with the actual performance. In case
of any variations, necessary steps are to be taken for its correction.

• Coordination is an important feature of management which means the integration of the

activities, processes and operations of the organization and synchronisation of efforts, to
ensure that every element of the organization contributes to its success.

Principles of management
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 The principles of management are:

1. Division of Work.

2. Balancing Authority and Responsibility.

3. Discipline.

4. Unity of Command.

5. Unity of Direction.

6. Subordination of Individual Interests to the General Interest.

7. Remuneration.

8. Centralization.

9. Scalar Chain.

10.Order.

11.Equity.

12.Stability of Tenure of Personnel

 Advantages of MBO

Detailed planning: Managers and employees work together to define measurable goals,
leaving less room for uncertainty and more room to focus on what will drive success.

Clearly assigned roles and responsibilities: When employees help set organizational goals
and metrics, they better understand what success looks like, how to obtain it, and how you
will evaluate them.

Enhanced communication and transparency: Clear and effective communication between

management and employees is part and parcel of MBO. Transparent communication
minimizes ambiguity and cultivates confidence across the business.

Increased productivity and morale: MBO highlights the relevance of each employee in
achieving the goals that have been mutually set. When the employee knows that their unique

20
contribution plays a fundamental role in the business’s overall success, it can boost
motivation, productivity and accountability.

Regular feedback and opportunities for career development: MBO is a process of

constant refinement which prompts managers to take a guiding role in areas for employee
development. Since employees also understand where their current skills are being utilized,
they are aware of areas that could be improved and can seek them out. .

 Disadvantages of MBO

Unanimous support from all levels of the organization is required: The success of
Management by Objectives hinges on senior management’s complete support and
acceptance. Many underlying issues may stall the process of unifying the goals of the
‘unequal’s,’ i.e. management and junior to mid-level employees. Cross-functional support is
essential to overcome them.

Time-consuming: Integrating MBO is an investment that requires a concerted commitment

to be beneficial. Additional time to define goals and evaluation processes is necessary,
requiring meetings and paperwork that can infringe on daily work.

Some aspects are difficult to quantify: The emphasis on measuring everything that can be
measured ignores non-measurable factors like teamwork, company culture and other
interpersonal activities. That could lead to those factors being devalued and less practiced.
The extreme focus on numbers and metrics could have an anxiety-inducing impact on
employees who feel they have to be ‘always on’ and performing optimally.
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8.0 CONCLUSION

The Management provides an overview of strategic management and strategy. Ideas about
strategy span many centuries, and modern understanding of strategy borrows from ancient
strategies as well as classic military strategies. You should now understand that there are
numerous ways to conceptualize the idea of strategy, and that effective strategic management
is needed to ensure the long-term success of firms. The study of strategic management
provides tools to effectively manage organizations, but it also involves the art of knowing
how and when to apply creative thinking. Knowledge of both the art and the science of
strategic management is needed to help guide organizations as their strategies emerge and
evolve over time. Such tools will also help you effectively chart a course for your career as
well as to understand the effective strategic management of the organizations for which you
will work.

9.0 REFERENCE
Conclusion – Strategic Management (vt.edu)

https://www.coursera.org/articles/management

What Is Management? Definitions, Functions and Styles | Indeed.com

10.0 Skill Developed / Learning outcome of this Micro-Project

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 Problem-Solving: Participants enhance their problem-solving skills by identifying
challenges within the scope of the project and devising effective solutions to overcome
them.

 Critical Thinking: Engaging in the micro-project encourages critical thinking as

participants analyze information, evaluate alternatives, and make informed decisions to
achieve project objectives.

 Communication: Through collaboration and presentation of project findings, participants

improve their communication skills, both written and verbal, effectively conveying ideas
and results to others.

 Teamwork and Collaboration: The micro-project fosters teamwork and collaboration as

participants work together, leveraging each other's strengths to achieve common goals
and navigate project challenges.

 Time Management: Managing project tasks within specified deadlines enhances

participants' time management skills, ensuring efficient utilization of resources and
timely completion of deliverables.

 Adaptability: Participants demonstrate adaptability by responding to changing project

requirements or unexpected obstacles, adjusting strategies and approaches as needed to
achieve desired outcomes.

 Creativity and Innovation: Engaging in the micro-project encourages creativity and

innovation as participants explore novel solutions to project problems and challenges,
thinking outside the box to achieve objectives.

 Reflection and Learning: Reflecting on their experiences during the micro-project allows
participants to identify lessons learned, strengths, and areas for improvement, facilitating
continuous learning and personal growth.

11.0 Applications of this Micro-Project

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 Academic Enhancement: Students can use the micro-project to supplement their
academic learning, applying theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios and gaining
practical experience.

 Professional Development: Professionals seeking to enhance their skills or explore new

areas can use the micro-project to develop specific competencies relevant to their career
goals.

 Entrepreneurship: Aspiring entrepreneurs can use the micro-project to test business ideas,
develop prototypes, or conduct market research before launching a full-scale venture.

 Skill Building: Individuals looking to develop specific skills, such as problem-solving,

communication, or project management, can use the micro-project as a focused learning
opportunity.

 Community Engagement: Organizations or community groups can use the micro-project

to address local challenges or opportunities, fostering community engagement and
collaboration.

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