Detailed Feasibility Report

On

Sewage Treatment Plant

For

Proposed Residential Development at Survey

AT SURVEY NOS. 226/2, 227/1, 227/2, 228/1, 228/2, 228/3,

229,230/1,230/2,230/3,230/4, 230/5, 230/6, 231/3, 231/2, 239/2B,
240/1, 240/2, 241, 242/1, 242/2, 244/2, 245/1, 245/2, 246(P),
353, 354/1A, 354/1B, 354/2 AND 355(P)
OF BETTAHALASUR VILLAGE, JALA HOBLI, BANGALORE NORTH TALUK,

for

M/s. Total Environment Building Systems Pvt Ltd,

Bangalore

1
Introduction:
M/s. Total Environment Building Systems Pvt Ltd, Proposed construction
of Residential Villas at survey nos. 226/2, 227/1, 227/2, 228/1, 228/2,
228/3,229,230/1,230/2,230/3,230/4,230/5,230/6, 231/3,231/2,239/2B,
240/1,240/2,241,242/1,242/2, 244/2,245/1,245/2,246(P),353, 354/1A,
354/1B, 354/2 and 355(P) of Bettahalasur village, Jala Hobli, Bangalore
North Taluk, of Bettahalasur, Village Jala Hobli, Bangalore North Talluk,
Karnataka with a view to conserve fresh water resources and adopt re-
use measures. They propose to set up a water pollution control and re-
use system for the wastewater generated from Development. The only
sources of wastewaters are from toilets, kitchen etc., in the complex
and therefore domestic in nature.

This report details the following from the proposed facility:

- Collection,
- Treatment and
- Reuse of Domestic Effluents.

Water demands for above facilities are derived based on the per
capita demand, specified in National Building Code of India-Part IX.
Accordingly, the overall water demand works out to be 142 cum/day,
95% of which is generated as sewage. Hence, the overall sewage
generated shall be 145 cum/day (142 cum + 3 cum shock load). The
breakup of the water demand is as enlisted in the below table.

It is proposed to set up a wastewater treatment and re-use system for

the wastewater generated from the development using SBR
technology (Sequencing Batch Reactor). The only sources of
wastewaters are from toilets, kitchen etc., in the complex and therefore
domestic in nature.

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is a fill – and – draw activated –

sludge treatment system. The unit processes involved in the SBR and
conventional activated – sludge systems are identical. Aeration and
sedimentation /clarification are carried out in both systems. However,
there is one important difference. In conventional plants, the
processes are carried out simultaneously in separate tanks, whereas in
SBR operation the processes are carried out sequentially in the same
tank.

2
 Process Description:
SBR systems have five steps in common that are carried out in
sequence as follows
- Fill
- React (aeration)
- Settle (sedimentation/clarification)
- Draw (decant)
- Idle

Operational Step Description

Fill The Purpose of the fill operation is to add Substrate

(raw wastewater or primary effluent) to the reactor.
The fill process typically allows the liquid level in the
reactor to rise from 25 percent of capacity (at the
end of idle) to 100 percent. If controlled by time, the
fill process normally lasts approximately 25 percent of
the full cycle time
React The purpose of react is to complete the reactions that
were initiated during fill. Typically, react takes up 35
percent of the total cycle time.
Settle The purpose of settle is solids separation, providing a
clarified supernatant to be discharged as effluent. In
an SBR, this process is normally much more efficient
than in continuous- Flow System because in the settle
mode the reactor contents are completely quiescent.
Draw The purpose of draw is to remove clarified treated
water from the reactor. Many types of decant
mechanisms are in current use, with the most popular
being floating or adjustable weirs. The time dedicated
to draw can range from 5 to 30 percent of the total
cycle time (15 minutes to 2hours), with 45 minutes
being a typical draw period.
Idle The Purpose of idle in a multitask system is to provide
time for one reactor to complete its fill cycle before
switching to another unit. Because idle is not a
necessary phase, it is sometimes omitted.

This report details the following from the proposed facility. Collection,
Treatment and reuse of Domestic Effluents;

3
Water Demand Calculation

RESIDENTIAL BLOCK ZONE 1

Sewage
No. of
No. Total Generate
Sr. person Per Capita Domesti
of Populatio Flushing Water d in L
No Description s Demand c
Unit n Demand Deman (95% of
. per (LPCD) Demand
s d total water
villa
demand )
1 Villa 160 6 960 135 43200 86400 129600 123120
2 EWS 26 4 104 135 4680 9360 14040 13338
Visitors 10%
of overall
3 Population 96 15 480 960 1440 1368
Maintenanc
e
4 Staff/Drivers 96 45 1440 2880 4320 4104
TOTAL 1256 49800 99600 149400 141930
SAY In
CUM 50 100 149 142

STP
Capacity 142 KLD
Shock load 3 KLD
145 KLD
Say 145 KLD

5
Irrigation Water Demand Zone 1

160 villas (zone 1)

Total water
Sr.No Landscape area Area (sq.m.)
Req. (cu.m.)
Irrigation Water
1.1 358
Requirement
Irrigation water Requirement
Reserve water
Total Req.
Sr.No Space Area (sq.m.) Total demand (lit/day) storage (15% of
(lit/day)
TD)
1 Villas-Ground gardens
a V30D 85.26
b V30A 87.76
c V30B 93.97
d V30C 100.18
e V50A 60.80
64941.72
2 Villas-Terrace gardens
a V30D 0.00
b V30A 0.00
c V30B 0.00
d V30C 0.00
e V50A 9.46
2507.17

6
3 Villas-Roof

a V30D 175.68
b V30A 176.95
c V30B 181.31
d V30C 185.66
e V50A 243.14
160457.44
4 Common area landscape
a Block 1 1614.00
b Block 2 606.00
c Block 3 1198.00
d Block 4 538.00
e Block 5 644.00
f Block 6 1178.00
g Block 7 287.00
h Block 8 344.00
i Block 9 684.00
j Block 10 568.00
k Block 11 148.00
l Block 12 163.00
m Block 13 0.00
n Block 21 208.00

o Block 14 | Commercial 0.00

area

7
p Block 15 296.00
r BLOCK 31 1092.00
s PARK & OPEN SPACE 7110.00
83390.00
Landscape area-
5 311296 46694 357991
Residential units

Total landscape 311296 357991

area (zone 1)

8
Water Balance Chart - Residential Block Zone 1

9
QUALITY OF RAW & TREATED DOMESTIC SEWAGE

The general characteristic of sewage is assumed as shown in the table below.

Anticipated general characteristics before treatment: Oil and
Grease: upto 50mg/L
PH : 6 – 9.0

BOD5 : 250-350mg/L

COD : 600-800mg/L

SS : 400 mg/L

E coli : 10MPN

The anticipated final water quality:

PH : 6.5 – 9.0

BOD5 : < 10 mg/L

COD : < 50 mg/L

TSS : < 20 mg /L

NH4-N : < 5 mg/L

N-Total : < 10 mg/L

Fecal Coliform (MPN/100ML): < 100

Treatment Methodology Adopted

The methodology adopted for treatment of sewage is based on Sequencing Batch
Reactor (SBR) followed by disinfection.

10
SBR TECHNOLOGY

The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) process is a sequential suspended growth

(activated sludge) process in which all major steps occur in the same tank in
sequential order. There are two major classifications of SBRs: the intermittent
flow (IF) or “true batch reactor”, which employees all the steps and the
continuous flow (CF) system, which does not follow these steps. Both have been
used successfully worldwide installations. SBRs can be designed and operated to
enhance removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia, in addition to removing
TSS and BOD5 .The intermittent flow SBR accepts influent only at specified
intervals and, in general, follows the five-step sequence. There are usually two IF
units in parallel. Because this system is closed to influent flow during the
treatment cycle, two units may be operated in parallel, with one unit open for
intake while the other runs through the remainder of the cycles. In the
continuous inflow SBR, influent flows continuously during all phases of the
treatment cycle. To reduce short circuiting, a partition is normally added to the
tank to separate the turbulent aeration zone from the quiescent area.

11
 Design Details of Sewage Treatment Plant:
Total quantity of raw effluent = 145 m3/day = 6.04 m3/hr
Standard conditions: BOD5 @ 270 C = 250 mg / L
Expected BOD5 reduction:
1. Avg. Influent BOD5 = 200 mg/L
2. BOD5 reduction in SBR =95 %
Therefore BOD5 at the outlet of secondary treatment =15 mg/L
3. BOD5 reduction with tertiary treatment like Coagulation, filtration and
disinfection = < 10 mg/L

Proposed STP Scheme:

Based on the quality and quantity of sewage generated and simultaneously
substantiating the requirements of Sewage Treatment Plant, Sequencing Batch
Reactor (SBR) technology is envisaged.
The system is designed for operating up to a maximum of 4 cycles in 24 hours
period.

The treatment methodology comprises of the following units.

= Bar screen
= Collection cum Equalization
= Sequencing Batch Reactor
= Pressure Sand Filter
= Activated Carbon Filter
= On-line Chlorination
= Final Sump/Treated Water Tank

Following is a description of individual treatment units, with their design criteria,

dimensions, mechanical equipment selection etc.,

Description of Treatment Units

Bar Screen
In the incoming channel, a chamber medium screen shall be fitted, the
purpose of which is to filter out coarse trashy matter from introducing into
succeeding units of the treatment plant. Screens shall be made of M.S
Construction with Epoxy Painted. Provide a Chamber of size 1.0 X 0.6 mts

Type of screen : M.S Construction manually cleaned a bar screen

of 20 x 6 mm flats with 10mm spacing in between as
coarse bar screen.

12
Equalization Tank / Collection Tank

The flow from the bar screen chamber is let into the equalization tank. In
order to homogenize the quality of wastewater, as well as to feed
wastewater at a uniform rate to the rest of the treatment plant, an
equalization tank is proposed. In order to mix the contents, as well as to
provide a degree of preparation, diffused aeration by means of membranes
and blowers are proposed.

Flow : 145 cum

20 hours
Average flow: 7.25 cum/hr
Peak factor: 2.5
Peak flow: 18.125 cum/hr
Provide holding capacity of Min. 2 hours
Capacity : 36.25 cum
Size:
Assume depth: 2.5 m (E.D)
Area 14.5 m2
Aeration: Coarse Bubble Diffusers
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Equalization Tank: 5.0 2.9 2.5
5m X 2.9m X 2.5m
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= (E.D)
Provide tank of 36.25cum capacity

Sequential Batch Reactor

Basic design assumptions

Inlet Outlet
BOD5 at 270
C, mg/L 200 20
TSS, mg/L 200 30
(NH3 – Ammonia), 25 1
mg/L
Total Phosphorous, 10 2
mg/L
TKN, mg/L 40 5

13
Considered following design data

 Filling & aeration period – 2.0 hr

 Settling period – 0.5 hr
 Decantation period -0.5 hr
 Total cyclic time -3.0 hr
 Total number of basin -4
 No. of basin receiving the flow simultaneously- 2
 No. of basin aerated simultaneously- 2
 No. of basin decanted simultaneously- 2
 MLSS in aeration tank – 4000 mg/L
 MLVSS aeration tank –6000 mg/L
 F/M ratio -0.12

Total Treated waste water: 145 KLD

Total volume of the Basin:
V= flow(m3/d) X BOD (mg/L)/ MLVSS * f/m
= 145 X 350 /(6000X0.12)
= 85 m3
No. of cycles = 4
Volume of each basin= 21 m3
Size:
(E.D+FB
Assume depth: 2.5 m 0.5m)
Area 8.46 m2
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Equalization
5.00 1.69 2.50
Tank:
5m X 2m X 2.5m
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= (E.D+FB 0.5m)

Design of Anozi zone (for removal of nitrogen (TKN) by denitrification)

14
Flow rate of anoxic zone of ezch basin
V= QXT
Q= V/T
Q= 22/13
Q= 1.6 m3 /hr
Providing recirculation ratio (Qr) of 25 % of flow rate
Flow rate to anoxic zone to each
basin= Q + Qr
= 1.6+(0.25 X1.6)
= 2.0 m3
Determination of O2 required at given flow condition
O2 for BOD removal
• 1.2 kg O2/kg BOD

•
Inlet BOD= 350 mg/L
• Outlet BOD= < 10
•
BOD removed= 335 mg/L

Kg of BOD removed= BOD X flow

= 48575 m3/d
= 49 kg/d

Safety factor theoretical kg O2 required per kq of BOD-10%

= 1.2 X110/100
= 1.32
Kg O2 of BOD removed= 1.32X49
= 65 kg/d

O2 for N removal:

Inlet total kjeldahl nitrogen

(Ammonical-N + Organic N) = 22 mg/L
Outlet Ammonical Nitrogen = 1 mg/L
Outlet nitrate nitrogen = 10 mg/L
NH3-N Removed in day = 21 mg/L
Kg of NH3-N removal in day = (145/1000)X21
= 3.045 kg/d
Kg of O2/Kg of NH3 N = 4.6

15
Kg O2 required for NH3-N removed = 14.007 kg/d
2.86 kg O2 released during de-nitrification (standard)

Assuming 75 % of nitrification occurs:

NO3 -N Generated = 2.3 kg/d
Amount of NO3-N in treated water = 1.45 kg/d

Quantity of Nitrate-Nitrogen that is

denitrified (standard) = 0.8 kg/d

2.86 Kg O2 released during

denitrification = 2.4 kg/d

Total Kg of O2 required / day = 65+14.007

= 79.007 kg/d
O2 from denitrofication = 76.6 kg/d
Safety factor 10 % = 84.3 kg/d

Dertermination of Quantity of air required at standard condition:

Total oxygen required (actual) O2

required AOR = 84.3 kg/d
Total O2 required at standard condition ,SOR for the field condition is given by equation,
SOR = AOR/(βC'sw -C) /(Csw) X f X α X1.024 (T-20)
b= Salinity correction factor = 0.95
α-Oxygen transfer correction factor = 0.65
f= fouling factor = 0.9

C'sw=Solubility of oxygen in trap

water at 250C = 840 mg/L

Csw=Solubility of oxygen in trap

water at 200C = 9.17 mg/L
C=DO Concentration in aeration
basin = 2.0 mg/L (Assumed)
T-Operating temperature in
aeration basin = 25oC

SOR = 193.00 48.2502

= 48.25 kg/d

16
 Standard oxygen tranfer efficiency
• of diffuser per meter depth = 5.60% per m
• Liquid level of aeration basin = 6 m
• Height at which diffuser are kept = 0.4 m
• Effective aeration depth = 5.6 m
SOTE(Standard oxygen transfer
efficiency) the above aeration
• depth = 31.36
• Fraction of O2 in air = 23.2 %
• Specific gravity of air = 1.204
• Air required at field condition per basin (consider 4 basin)
= 21.1 kg
= 240.546 Nm3 /hr/basin
Hours of aeration time per basin per
• day = 12 hrs/d/basin
• Air required per hours per basin = 20.05 Nm3 /hr/basin
Number of operating blower any Nm3
• time in Basin-2 = 10.02 /hr

Air Blowers:
BOD load sequencing /Aeration
tank = 50750 mg/L
= 50.75 Kg/day
(2kgs of oxygen is required for every Kg of BOD removal)
Oxygen is required in kg/day = 101.5 Kg/day
Volume of air required:
Assumption:
15% of oxygen transfer efficiency of aeration equipment (for Diffuser)
Factor of safety 2.0 is taken to determine the actual design for
sizing the blowers air contains 23.20% of O2 by weight & density
of air is 1.2
Total air requirement:
TAR = (O2 X 2 )/(1.2*0.232)
= 729.2 m3 /day
Actual air requirement for diffuser:
AAR = (TAR/0.15) m3 /day
AAR = 4861.1 m3 /day
Blower capacity = 210.00 m3 /hr
Consider 20% excess assuming for air requirement in the equalization tank
= 252 m3 /hr

17
 = 252 250
Provide Air Blowers capacity 252 2W & 1 S

Transfer rate of oxygen in 1m long membrane diffusers=10 cum/hr

Pre-Filtration tank:
Pre-Filtration Tank is also provided to hold water, before filtration process.
Tank Volume (Around 20 %) = 29 Cum
Size:
(E.D+FB
Assume depth: 2.5 m 0.5m)
Area 11.60 m2
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Pre-filtration tank 5.00 2.32 2.50
Hence, required Volume of the
Tank= 5m X 3m X 2.5m (E.D+FB 0.5m)

Pressure Sand Filter

The wastewater after biological treatment still contains some solids, colour, odour and
harmful micro-organisms. The pressure sand filter and activated carbon filter are used
to remove the solids and colour. The disinfection process is used to remove the micro-
organisms and odour.
Pressure sand filter with various grades of pebbles and sand media help in the
removal of residual suspended solids. The filter will be operating in the pressure range
of 3-3.5 kg/cm2.

Assuming a loading rate = 20 m3/hr/m2

Design flow rate = 145
Operations of PSF = 10 hrs/day
Average flow rate = 15 cum/hr
Velocity of flow = 1.5 m/s
Total Flow = = 7.25 cum/hr
C/s area of PSF = 1.33 sqm
Therefore Dia of PSF 1.30 m
1.3 m dia & 1.5
Pressure filter Tank size m
The recommended PSF dimension is 1.30 m dia
and height 1.5 m . Suitably designed backwashing system is adopted.

18
Activated Carbon Filter

The recommended PSF dimension is 1.30 m dia

and height 1.5 m . Suitably designed backwashing system is adopted.

Chlorinator

Sodium Hypochlorite is used as disinfectant for treated water. This is available in solution
form with 12% to 15% of chlorine. Contact period of 15 to 30 min is specified with chlorine
residual to be minimum to keep the coliform count under control.
Hence provide 100 - 200 L Tank with 4 - 10 LPH dosing Pump and required dosing can be
adjusted as per requirement.

Final Treated Water Tank

Final Treated Water Tank is also provided to hold Filtered water, before pumping to
gardens, and toilet flushing purpose. Online chlorination shall be done before pumping for
end use.
Tank Volume (One day storage) = 145 Cum
Size:
Assume depth: 3 m (FB 0.3E.D)
Area 48.33 m2
Assume Length: 15.0 m
Size of the Final Treated water tank 15.00 3.22 3.00

15m X 4m X 3m (FB
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= 0.3E.D)

Sludge Holding tank

Tank Volume = 14.5 Cum

Size:
Assume depth: 3 m (E.D)
Area 4.83 m2
Assume Length: 3.0 m
Size of the Sludge Holding tank 3.00 1.61 3.00
3m X 2m X 3m
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= (E.D)

19
Pumps
1. Sewage transfer pump -2nos
Capacity: 20klh @ 15m head
Solid handling Size: up to 20 mm
Duty: to Pump the Sewage from the equalization tank to SBR tank
2. Sludge transfer pump- 2 nos
Capacity: 10klh @ 35m head
Solid handling Size: up to 20 mm
Duty: to pump the sludge from the SBR tank to sludge holding tank and from there dried
using mechanical filter press.
3. Filter feed pump -2 nos
Capacity: 20 klh @ 35m head
Solid handling Size: up to 5 mm
Duty: to Pump the Pre-filter water from Pre-filter tank to PSF & ACF.

List of Structures:
Sl.No. Description Qty Dimension
1.0 m X 1.0 m X 0.6 m+F.B. 0.3m
Bar Screen
1 Chamber 1
2 Equalization Tank 1 5m X 2.9m X 2.5m (E.D)
5m X 2m X 2.5m (E.D+FB 0.5m)
Sequential Batch
3 Reactor 1
3m X 2m X 3m (E.D)

4 Sludge Holding tank 1

5m X 3m X 2.5m (E.D+FB 0.5m)
1
5 Pre-filtration Tank
1.3 m dia & 1.5 m

6 Pressure Sand Filter 1

1.3 m dia & 1.5 m
Activated Carbon
7 Filter 1
Final Treated Water 15m X 4m X 3m (FB 0.3E.D)
8 Tank 1

20
 Flow diagram of Sewage Treatment Plant (SBR) of 145 KLD Capacity

Waste Water Inlet

Equalization
Tank

SBR Tank

Sludge Holding Pre Filtration Tank

Tank

To PSF
Filter Press
Disposal

ACF

Disinfectant

Final Treated Tank

21
 Detailed Feasibility Report

On

Sewage Treatment Plant

For

Proposed Residential Development at Survey

AT SURVEY NOS. 226/2, 227/1, 227/2, 228/1, 228/2, 228/3,

229,230/1,230/2,230/3,230/4, 230/5, 230/6, 231/3, 231/2,
239/2B, 240/1, 240/2, 241, 242/1, 242/2, 244/2, 245/1, 245/2,
246(P), 353, 354/1A, 354/1B, 354/2 AND 355(P)
OF BETTAHALASUR VILLAGE, JALA HOBLI, BANGALORE NORTH
TALUK,

for

M/s. Total Environment Building Systems Pvt Ltd,

Bangalore

1
Introduction:
M/s. Total Environment Building Systems Pvt Ltd, Proposed construction
of Residential Villas and Clubhouse at survey nos. 226/2, 227/1, 227/2,
228/1,228/2,228/3, 229,230/1,230/2, 230/3,230/4, 230/5, 230/6, 231/3,
231/2, 239/2B, 240/1, 240/2, 241, 242/1, 242/2, 244/2, 245/1, 245/2,
246(P), 353, 354/1A, 354/1B, 354/2 and 355(P) of Bettahalasur village,
Jala Hobli, Bangalore North Taluk, Karnataka with a view to conserve
fresh water resources and adopt re-use measures. They propose to set
up a water pollution control and re-use system for the wastewater
generated from Development. The only sources of wastewaters are
from toilets, kitchen etc., in the complex and therefore domestic in
nature.

This report details the following from the proposed facility:

- Collection,
- Treatment and
- Reuse of Domestic Effluents.

Water demands for above facilities are derived based on the per
capita demand, specified in National Building Code of India-Part IX.
Accordingly, the overall water demand works out to be 92 cum/day,
95% of which is generated as sewage. Hence, the overall sewage
generated shall be 95 cum/day (93 cum + 2 cum shock load). The
breakup of the water demand is as enlisted in the below table.

It is proposed to set up a wastewater treatment and re-use system for

the wastewater generated from the development using SBR
technology (Sequencing Batch Reactor). The only sources of
wastewaters are from toilets, kitchen etc., in the complex and therefore
domestic in nature.

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is a fill – and – draw activated –

sludge treatment system. The unit processes involved in the SBR and
conventional activated – sludge systems are identical. Aeration and
sedimentation /clarification are carried out in both systems. However,
there is one important difference. In conventional plants, the
processes are carried out simultaneously in separate tanks, whereas in

2
 SBR operation the processes are carried out sequentially in the same
tank.

Process Description:
SBR systems have five steps in common that are carried out in
sequence as follows
- Fill
- React (aeration)
- Settle (sedimentation/clarification)
- Draw (decant)
- Idle

Operational Step Description

Fill The Purpose of the fill operation is to add Substrate

(raw wastewater or primary effluent) to the reactor.
The fill process typically allows the liquid level in the
reactor to rise from 25 percent of capacity (at the
end of idle) to 100 percent. If controlled by time, the
fill process normally lasts approximately 25 percent of
the full cycle time
React The purpose of react is to complete the reactions that
were initiated during fill. Typically, react takes up 35
percent of the total cycle time.
Settle The purpose of settle is solids separation, providing a
clarified supernatant to be discharged as effluent. In
an SBR, this process is normally much more efficient
than in continuous- Flow System because in the settle
mode the reactor contents are completely quiescent.
Draw The purpose of draw is to remove clarified treated
water from the reactor. Many types of decant
mechanisms are in current use, with the most popular
being floating or adjustable weirs. The time dedicated
to draw can range from 5 to 30 percent of the total
cycle time (15 minutes to 2hours), with 45 minutes
being a typical draw period.
Idle The Purpose of idle in a multitask system is to provide
time for one reactor to complete its fill cycle before
switching to another unit. Because idle is not a
necessary phase, it is sometimes omitted.

This report details the following from the proposed facility. Collection,
Treatment and reuse of Domestic Effluents;

3
 RESIDENTIAL BLOCK ZONE 2 + Clubhouse

Sewage
No. of Per Capita
Sr. No. of Flushing Domestic Total Water Generated in L
Description persons Population Demand
No. Units Demand Demand Demand (95% of total water
per villa (LPCD)
demand )

1 Villa 107 6 642 135 28890 57780 86670 82337

Visitors 10% of
2 overall Population 64 15 321 642 963 915
Maintenance
Staff/Drivers
3 64 45 963 1926 2889 2745
TOTAL 770 30174 60348 90522 85996
SAY In CUM 30 60 91 86

CLUBHOUSE

Sewage
Generated
Per Capita
Sr. Flushing Domestic Total Water in L
Area in Sq. m Population Demand
No. Demand Demand Demand (95% of total
(LPCD)
water
demand )

10% of overall Population 160 45 2403 4806 7209 6849

SAY In
CUM 2.4 4.8 7.2 6.8
STP Capacity 93 KLD
Shock load 2 KLD
95 KLD

5
Irrigation Water Requirement for Zone 2

107 villas (zone 2)

Total water
Sr.N
Landscape area Area (sq.m.) Req.
o
(cu.m.)
Irrigation Water
1.1 341
Requirement

Irrigation water Requirement

Reserve
Total
Sr.N water Total Req.
Space Area (sq.m.) demand
o storage (lit/day)
(lit/day)
(15% of TD)
1 Villas-Ground
gardens
a V30D 85.26
b V30A 87.76
c V30B 93.97
d V30C 100.18
e V50A 60.80
45649.73

2 Villas-Terrace
gardens
a V30D 0.00
b V30A 0.00
c V30B 0.00
d V30C 0.00
e V50A 9.46
1371.85
3 Villas-Roof
a V30D 175.68
b V30A 176.95
c V30B 181.31
d V30C 185.66
e V50A 243.14
106095.16

4 Common area
landscape

6
 Block 16 504.00

Block 17 745.00

Block 18 451.00

Block 19 582.00

Block 20 350.00

Block 23 1565.00

Block 24 530.00

Block 25 980.00

Block 26 812.00

Block 27 465.00

Block 28 0.00

Block 29 0.00

Block 30 979.00

BLOCK 32 540.00
PARK & OPEN 11041.91
SPACE
CA 9075.46
11041.91 143101.85
5520.955

Landscape area-
5 296219 44433 340651
Residential units
and Clubhouse

Total landscape 296219 340651

area (zone 2)

7
Water Balance Chart - Residential Block Zone 2 & Clubhouse

8
QUALITY OF RAW & TREATED DOMESTIC SEWAGE

The general characteristic of sewage is assumed as shown in the table below.

Anticipated general characteristics before treatment: Oil and
Grease: upto 50mg/L
PH : 6 – 9.0

BOD5 : 250-350mg/L

COD : 600-800mg/L

SS : 400 mg/L

E coli : 10MPN

The anticipated final water quality:

PH : 6.5 – 9.0

BOD5 : < 10 mg/L

COD : < 50 mg/L

TSS : < 20 mg /L

NH4-N : < 5 mg/L

N-Total : < 10 mg/L

Fecal Coliform (MPN/100ML): < 100

Treatment Methodology Adopted

The methodology adopted for treatment of sewage is based on Sequencing Batch
Reactor (SBR) followed by disinfection.

9
SBR TECHNOLOGY

The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) process is a sequential suspended growth

(activated sludge) process in which all major steps occur in the same tank in
sequential order. There are two major classifications of SBRs: the intermittent
flow (IF) or “true batch reactor”, which employees all the steps and the
continuous flow (CF) system, which does not follow these steps. Both have been
used successfully worldwide installations. SBRs can be designed and operated to
enhance removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia, in addition to removing
TSS and BOD5 .The intermittent flow SBR accepts influent only at specified
intervals and, in general, follows the five-step sequence. There are usually two IF
units in parallel. Because this system is closed to influent flow during the
treatment cycle, two units may be operated in parallel, with one unit open for
intake while the other runs through the remainder of the cycles. In the
continuous inflow SBR, influent flows continuously during all phases of the
treatment cycle. To reduce short circuiting, a partition is normally added to the
tank to separate the turbulent aeration zone from the quiescent area.

10
Design Details of Sewage Treatment Plant:

Capacity of Sewage Treatment Plant: 95 KLD

Total quantity of raw
effluent: 95 m3/day
3.96 m3/hr
Standard conditions:
BOD5 @ 27oc 250 mg/L
Expected BOD5 reduction
Avg.influent BOD5 200 mg/L
BOD5 reduction in SBR 95%
Therefore, BOD5 at the outlet of secondary treatment
15 mg/L
BOD5 reduction with tertiary treatment like
coagulation, filtration and disinfection < 10 mg/L

Proposed STP Scheme:

Based on the quality and quantity of sewage generated and simultaneously
substantiating the requirements of Sewage Treatment Plant, Sequencing Batch
Reactor (SBR) technology is envisaged.
The system is designed for operating up to a maximum of 4 cycles in 24 hours
period.

The treatment methodology comprises of the following units.

= Bar screen
= Collection cum Equalization
= Sequencing Batch Reactor
= Pressure Sand Filter
= Activated Carbon Filter
= On-line Chlorination
= Final Sump/Treated Water Tank

Following is a description of individual treatment units, with their design criteria,

dimensions, mechanical equipment selection etc.,

Description of Treatment Units

Bar Screen
In the incoming channel, a chamber medium screen shall be fitted, the
purpose of which is to filter out coarse trashy matter from introducing into
succeeding units of the treatment plant. Screens shall be made of M.S
Construction with Epoxy Painted. Provide a Chamber of size 1.0 x 1.0 X 0.6 m

Type of screen : M.S Construction manually cleaned a bar screen

of 20 x 6 mm flats with 10mm spacing in between as
coarse bar screen.

11
Equalization Tank / Collection Tank

The flow from the bar screen chamber is let into the equalization tank. In
order to homogenize the quality of wastewater, as well as to feed
wastewater at a uniform rate to the rest of the treatment plant, an
equalization tank is proposed. In order to mix the contents, as well as to
provide a degree of preparation, diffused aeration by means of membranes
and blowers are proposed.

Flow : 95 cum
20 hours
Average flow: 4.75 cum/hr
Peak factor: 2.5
Peak flow: 11.875 cum/hr
Provide holding capacity of Min. 2 hours
Capacity : 23.75 cum
Size:
Assume depth: 2.5 m (E.D)
Area 9.5 m2
Aeration: Coarse Bubble Diffusers
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Equalization Tank: 5.0 1.9 2.5
5m X 1.9m X 2.5m
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= (E.D)
Provide tank of 23.75cum capacity

Sequential Batch Reactor

Basic design assumptions

Inlet Outlet
BOD5 at 270
C, mg/L 200 20
TSS, mg/L 200 30
(NH3 – Ammonia), 25 1
mg/L
Total Phosphorous, 10 2
mg/L
TKN, mg/L 40 5

12
Considered following design data

 Filling & aeration period – 2.0 hr

 Settling period – 0.5 hr
 Decantation period -0.5 hr
 Total cyclic time -3.0 hr
 Total number of basin -4
 No. of basin receiving the flow simultaneously- 2
 No. of basin aerated simultaneously- 2
 No. of basin decanted simultaneously- 2
 MLSS in aeration tank – 4000 mg/L
 MLVSS aeration tank –6000 mg/L
 F/M ratio -0.12

Total Treated waste

water: 95 KLD
Total volume of the Basin:
V= flow(m3/d) X BOD (mg/L)/ MLVSS * f/m
= 95 X 350 /(6000X0.12)
= 55 m3
No. of cycles = 4
Volume of each
basin= 14 m3
Size:
(E.D+FB
Assume depth: 2.5 m 0.5m)
Area 5.54 m2
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Equalization
5.00 1.11 2.50
Tank:
5m X 2m X 2.5m
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= (E.D+FB 0.5m)

Design of Anozi zone (for removal of nitrogen (TKN) by denitrification)

Flow rate of anoxic zone of each

basin
V= QXT

13
 Q= V / T
Q= 14/13
Q= 1.1 m3 /hr
Providing recirculation ratio (Qr) of 25 % of
flow rate
Flow rate to anoxic zone to Q+
each basin= Qr
= 1.1+(0.25 X1.1)
= 1.3 m3

Determination of O2 required at given flow condition

O2 for BOD removal
• 1.2 kg O2/kg BOD
• Inlet BOD= 350 mg/L
• Outlet BOD= < 10
• BOD removed= 335 mg/L

Kg of BOD removed= BOD X flow

= 31825 m3/d
= 32 kg/d

Safety factor theoretical kg O2 required per kq of BOD-10%

1.2
= X110/100
= 1.32
Kg O2 of BOD
removed= 1.32X32
= 43 kg/d

14
Determination of O2 required at given flow condition
O2 for BOD removal
• 1.2 kg O2/kg BOD
• Inlet BOD= 350 mg/L
• Outlet BOD= < 10
• BOD removed= 335 mg/L

Kg of BOD removed= BOD X flow

= 31825 m3/d
= 32 kg/d

Safety factor theoretical kg O2 required per kq of BOD-10%

1.2
= X110/100
= 1.32
Kg O2 of BOD
removed= 1.32X32
= 43 kg/d

O2 for N removal:

Inlet total kjeldahl nitrogen

(Ammonical-N + Organic N) = 22 mg/L
Outlet Ammonical Nitrogen = 1 mg/L
Outlet nitrate nitrogen = 10 mg/L
NH3-N Removed in day = 21 mg/L
Kg of NH3-N removal in day = (95/1000)X21
= 1.995 kg/d
Kg of O2/Kg of NH3 N = 4.6
Kg O2 required for NH3-N removed = 9.177 kg/d
2.86 kg O2 released during de-nitrification (standard)

Assuming 75 % of nitrification occurs:

NO3 -N Generated = 1.5 kg/d
Amount of NO3-N in treated water = 0.95 kg/d

Quantity of Nitrate-Nitrogen that is

denitrified (standard) = 0.5 kg/d

15
2.86 Kg O2 released during
denitrification = 1.6 kg/d

Total Kg of O2 required / day = 43+9.177

= 52.177 kg/d
O2 from denitrification = 50.6 kg/d
Safety factor 10 % = 55.7 kg/d

Dertermination of Quantity of air required at standard condition:

Total oxygen required (actual) O2

required AOR = 55.7 kg/d
Total O2 required at standard condition ,SOR for the field condition is given by equation,
SOR = AOR/(βC'sw -C) /(Csw) X f X α X1.024 (T-20)
b= Salinity correction factor = 0.95
α-Oxygen transfer correction factor = 0.65
f= fouling factor = 0.9

C'sw=Solubility of oxygen in trap

water at 250C = 840 mg/L

Csw=Solubility of oxygen in trap

water at 200C = 9.17 mg/L
C=DO Concentration in aeration
basin = 2.0 mg/L (Assumed)
T-Operating temperature in
aeration basin = 25oC

SOR = 127.49 31.8728

= 31.87 kg/d

16
Standard oxygen transfer efficiency
of diffuser per meter depth = 5.60% per m
Liquid level of aeration basin = 6 m
Height at which diffuser are kept = 0.4 m
Effective aeration depth = 5.6 m
SOTE(Standard oxygen transfer
efficiency) the above aeration
depth = 31.36
Fraction of O2 in air = 23.2 %
Specific gravity of air = 1.204
Air required at field condition per basin (consider 4 basin)
= 13.9 kg
= 158.898 Nm3 /hr/basin
Hours of aeration time per basin per
day = 12 hrs/d/basin
Air required per hours per basin = 13.24 Nm3 /hr/basin
Number of operating blower any Nm3
time in Basin-2 = 6.62 /hr

Air Blowers
BOD load sequencing /Aeration
tank = 33250 mg/L
= 33.25 Kg/day
(2kgs of oxygen is required for every Kg of BOD removal)
Oxygen is required in kg/day = 66.5 Kg/day
Volume of air required:
Assumption:
15% of oxygen transfer efficiency of aeration equipment (for Diffuser)
Factor of safety 2.0 is taken to determine the actual design for
sizing the blowers air contains 23.20% of O2 by weight & density
of air is 1.2
Total air
requirement:
TAR = (O2 X 2 )/(1.2*0.232)
= 477.7 m3 /day
Actual air requirement for diffuser:
AAR = (TAR/0.15) m3 /day
AAR = 3184.9 m3 /day
Blower capacity = 140.00 m3 /hr
Consider 20% excess assuming for air requirement in the equalization tank
= 168 m3 /hr

17
 = 56
Provide Air Blowers capacity 100 2W & 1 S

Transfer rate of oxygen in 1m long membrane diffusers=10 cum/hr

Pre-Filtration Tank:

Pre-Filtration Tank is also provided to hold water, before filtration process.

Tank Volume (Around 20 %) = 19 Cum
Size:
(E.D+FB
Assume depth: 2.5 m 0.5m)
Area 7.60 m2
Assume Length: 5.0 m
Size of the Pre-filtration tank 5.00 1.52 2.50
Hence, required Volume of the
Tank= 5m X 2m X 2.5m (E.D+FB 0.5m)

Pressure Sand Filter

The wastewater after biological treatment still contains some solids, colour,
odour and harmful micro-organisms. The pressure sand filter and activated
carbon filter are used to remove the solids and colour. The disinfection
process is used to remove the micro-organisms and odour.

Pressure sand filter with various grades of pebbles and sand media help in the
removal of residual suspended solids. The filter will be operating in the
pressure range of 3-3.5 kg/cm2.

Assuming a loading rate = 20 m3/hr/m2

Design flow rate = 95
Operations of PSF = 10 hrs/day
Average flow rate = 10 cum/hr
Velocity of flow = 1.5 m/s
Total Flow = = 4.75 cum/hr
C/s area of PSF = 1.33 sqm
Therefore Dia of PSF 1.30 m
1.3 m dia &
Pressure filter Tank size 1.5 m
The recommended PSF dimension is 1.30 m dia
and height 1.5 m . Suitably designed backwashing system is adopted.

18
Activated Carbon Filter

The recommended ACF dimension is 1.3 m dia and height 1.5 m. Suitable
designed backwashing system is adopted.

Chlorinator

Sodium Hypochlorite is used as disinfectant for treated water. This is available

in solution form with 12% to 15% of chlorine. Contact period of 15 to 30 min is
specified with chlorine residual to be minimum to keep the coliform count
under control.

Hence provide 100 - 200 L Tank with 4 - 10 LPH dosing Pump and required
dosing can be adjusted as per requirement.

Final Treated Water Tank

Final Treated Water Tank is also provided to hold Filtered water, before
pumping to gardens, and toilet flushing purpose. Online chlorination shall be
done before pumping for end use.

Tank Volume (One day storage) = 95 Cum

Size:
Assume depth: 3 m (FB 0.3E.D)
Area 31.67 m2
Assume Length: 15.0 m
Size of the Final Treated water
15.00 2.11 3.00
tank
15m X 3m X 3m (FB
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= 0.3E.D)

Sludge Holding

The biomass in the aeration tank stabilizes BOD in wastewater by consuming

the organic matter in the wastewater. The metabolic activity results in growth
of the biomass population in the aeration tank. Consequently, in order to
contain the level of M.L.S.S. in the aeration tank to the design level, it will be
necessary to bleed off or waste the excess activated sludge. For this purpose
a Sludge holding tank has been provided with filter-press for dewatering
sludge.

19
Tank Volume = 9.5 Cum
Size:
Assume depth: 3 m (E.D)
Area 3.17 m2
Assume Length: 3.0 m
Size of the Sludge Holding tank 3.00 1.06 3.00
Hence, required Volume of the Tank= 3m X 1m X 3m (E.D)

Pumps
1. Sewage transfer pump -2nos
Capacity: 20klh @ 15m head
Solid handling Size: up to 20 mm
Duty: to Pump the Sewage from the equalization tank to SBR tank
2. Sludge transfer pump- 2 nos
Capacity: 10klh @ 35m head
Solid handling Size: up to 20 mm
Duty: to pump the sludge from the SBR tank to sludge holding tank and
from there dried using mechanical filter press.
3. Filter feed pump -2 nos
Capacity: 20 klh @ 35m head
Solid handling Size: up to 5 mm
Duty: to Pump the Pre-filter water from Pre-filter tank to PSF & ACF.

List of Structures

Sl.No. Description Qty Dimension

1.0 m X 1.0 m X 0.6 m+F.B.
1 Bar Screen Chamber 1 0.3m
2 Equalization Tank 1 5m X 1.9m X 2.5m (E.D)
Sequential Batch 5m X 2m X 2.5m (E.D+FB
3 Reactor 1 0.5m)
4 Sludge Holding tank 1 3m X 1m X 3m (E.D)
5m X 2m X 2.5m (E.D+FB
5 Pre-filtration Tank 0.5m)
6 Pressure Sand Filter 1.3 m dia & 1.5 m
7 Activated Carbon Filter 1.3 m dia & 1.5 m
Final Treated Water
8 Tank 15m X 3m X 3m (FB 0.3E.D)

20
 Flow diagram of Sewage Treatment Plant (SBR) of 95 KLD Capacity

Waste Water Inlet

Equalization
Tank

SBR Tank

Sludge Holding Pre Filtration Tank

Tank

To PSF
Filter Press
Disposal

ACF

Disinfectant

Final Treated Tank

21