Silo B Page 7

Silo Design Refer to Structural Engineering Handbook - Edited by Edwin H.Glaylord and Charls N. Gaylord
Selection Circular bin design Section 23 Cement 1.25-1.50
Diameter Height Cone ht. Cylin. V Cone V Volume Weight Wt Shell V Wt Remark
m m m cum cum cum kg Tons cum Tons Call SG 1.5
1 3.00 8.370 2.50 59,164 5,890 65,055 81,318 81 81 80 80 94
2 3.00 10.750 2.50 75,987 5,890 81,878 102,347 102 102 100 100 117
3 3.55 5.192 3.55 51,390 11,713 63,103 78,879 79 80 80 80 94

Silo Design - Follow Shallow Bins Design

Structural Engineering Handbook - By Gaylord and Gaylord
Hoop force T1 lb/ft = wD^2/96f *(1+e^(-4Kfh/D))
Merridian force T2 lb/ft = -wDh/48+T1/2K
Weigjht of fill w lb/cu.ft = 93.66 (1500 kg/cum)
Weigjht of fill, water w lb/cu.ft = 62.44 (1000 kg/cum)
Radius of gyration,A/p R ft = 2.91 (3.50/4 m)
Horizontal cross-sectional area A sq.ft = 106.54
Perimeter of cross section p ft = 36.59
Base natural log e = 2.72
Coefficient of friction of fill on bin wall tan^2(45o-f/2) = (1-sin f)/(1+sin f)
sin (f) = 0.50
f = 0.33
Angle of response,m cement f degree = 30.0
Bin diameter D ft = 11.65 (3.50 m)
Fill coefficient K = 0.22
Vertical compression fa psi = limited at 15,000 psi 1054 ksc
Plate thickness t inch = 0.177
Curvature normal to direction of stress Rc inch = 69.88
Height of fill h ft = 17.03
H ft = 17.03
CA mm = 1.00 Corrosion allowance

formula 26 fa = 2,000,000*t/Rc*(1-100*t/3/Rc)
formula 47 T1 = wD^2/96f *(1+e^(-4Kfh/D))
formula 48 T2 = -w1-wDh/48+T1/2K

Roof load
DL = 445 kg
LL 100 ksm = 1,089 kg
Additional load 1 Tons = 1,000 kg
Total, W = 2,534 kg

Load per support = 634 kg

Say = 700 kg
wr = 38 lb/inch
design, wr = 38 lb/inch
 Page 8
Example h = 29.8 T1 = 210 lb/in 37 kg/cm
T2 = - 201 lb/in - 36 kg/cm
fa = 5,105 psi 359 ksc
Course No. h T1 T2 t t f1 f2 f allow f allow Result
ft lb/inch lb/inch thk-CA inch psi psi psi ksc f allow. > f2
1.524 5.0 47 -7 3.50 0.138 341 - 50 3,684 259 OK
2.743 9.0 81 -22 3.50 0.138 584 - 156 3,684 259 OK
3.962 13.0 111 -43 3.50 0.138 804 - 316 3,684 259 OK
5.182 17.0 138 -72 3.50 0.138 1,004 - 523 3,684 259 OK
6.706 22.0 169 -116 5.00 0.197 858 - 590 5,105 359 OK
8.230 27.0 196 -168 5.00 0.197 995 - 855 5,105 359 OK
9.083 29.8 210 -201 5.00 0.197 1,065 - 1,021 5,105 359 OK

Average 4.00 0.157

SUSPENSION BOTTOM (CONE SHAPE)

T2 R1 T2 f t allowable = 1,440 ksc 20,485 psi
A q=15533 dia.3.55m Cone volume = 9.90 cum 349.54 cu.ft
hc W 2.80 Cone plate thickness = 4.00 mm 0.15748 inch
B W SG=1.5 = 14,847 kg 32,732 lb
0.200 q gh = 7,772 kg/sqm 11.1 psi 7,772 ksm
q q = 0.534 radian 0.534 radian 30.6114 degree
1.65 0.25 1.65 D = 3.55 m 11.65 ft
3.55 AB = 3.473 m 11.39 ft
hc = 2.80 m 9.19 ft
Dia 3.55 X = 5.182 m 17.00 ft
3.55 K = 0.22 0.22
0.25 R1 =AB*tan(q) = 2.05 m 80.9 inch
1.650 qn = q(K*cos q+sin q)
^2 ^2

qn = 3,282 kg/sqm 4.7 psi 3,282 ksm

T1 = Hoop force
w wt. = 1,250 kg/cum 78.05 lb/cuf 1250.23 kg/cum
w wt. = 1,450 kg/cum 90.54 lb/cuf 1450.26 kg/cum
w design = 1,500 kg/cum 93.66 lb/cuf 1500.27 kg/cum
RR = 1.78 m 69.88 inch
T2 reduction = (w/24/cos(q))*(D/2-hc*tan(q))*(X+2/3*hc+D/6*cot(q))
T2 reduction = 69.2 kg/m 46.5 lb/ft 69.2 kg/m
T1 = qn*R1 = 6,744 kg/m 378 lb/inch 6,744 kg/m
T2 = R1/2*(q+W/PI()R1^2*(cos(q))^2
T2 = 9,538 kg/m 534 lb/inch 9,538 kg/m
T2 governed,t (thk) T2/fs/0.7 = 0.09 cm^2/m 0.0031 inch^2/ft 0.09 cm^2/ft
Use thickness = 4.50 mm 0.1772 inch 4.5 mm
Pheripheral length = 11.15 m 36.59 ft 11.15 m
Number of columns = 4.0 ea 4.0 ea 4.0 ea
Each portion length = 2.79 m 9.15 ft 2.79 m
Tensile force. T/C = 26,594 kg 58,639 lb 26,598 kg
T2*cos(1.65/(1.65^2+3^2)^0.5) = 24,608 kg 54,260 lb 24,612 kg
fs 20481.4 psi As required = 24.41 cm^2 3.78 in^2 24.42 cm^2
Try pt 4.5 mm 0.3 mm = 83.64 cm^2 12.96 in^2 83.64 cm^2
Result = OK OK OK
 Page 9
W max. = 14,847 kg
R1 = 1.775/cos(q) = 2.06 m
T2 = R1/2(q+W/PI()R1^2/cos^2(q)
T2 = 9,562 kg/m T2 govern
T1 =qn*R1 = 6,769 kg/m
Plate thk, t = 18674/0.7/1440
= 0.095 cm
= 0.949 mm < 4.5 mm OK
Compression ring TH = T2*Sin(q) = 4869.0 kg/m
FH =TH*RR = 8642.4 kg/m
Allowable stress = 700 ksc
As req'd = 12.35 cm^2
As used = 69.05 cm^2 OK

Tower and shell support

Column Load Full load Test load Empty load
kg. kg. kg.
DL from roof bin = 544 544 544
LL from roof bin = 990 990 0
Roof framing(25 kg/sq.m.) = 247 247 247
Shell plate( Tav=4.0 mm.) = 1,821 1,821 1,821
Cone bottom = 867 867 867
Additional load at roof = 1,000 0 0
Outlet connection = 100 100 100
Inlet connection = 100 100 100
Full product load = 81,064 81,064 0
Product at cone section = 14,847 14,847 0
Silo accessories = 1,000 1,000 0
Sub total = 102,581 101,581 3,680
Column = 746 746 746
Bracing structure = 140 140 140
Total = 103,467 102,467 4,566
Load per support = 25,867 25,617 1,141

Load due to wind force = 4,290 4,290 4,290

Maximum column load = 30,157 29,907 5,432
M ecc. ( 50 mm) = 1,508 1,495 272
M ecc. ( Say) = 3,200 3,200 3,200

Wind velocity 38 m/sec = 85.0 mph

Wind pressure 0.00256V^2 = 18 psf
Wind pressure = 90.3 kg/sqm
Local building code H < 20 m = 80.0 kg/sqm
Local building code H = 20-40 m = 120.0 kg/sqm

Design wind pressure = 120.0 kg/sqm

Shape factor = 0.6
Wind force = 72 kg/sqm
 Page 10
3.55 D = 3.55 m
H = 5.18 m
h = 6.00 m
Shape factor, cylindrical = 0.60
Shape factor, square = 1.50
F1 Wind force = 120 kg/sqm Safe factor = 0.60
5.18 F1 = 1,324 kg M1 = 11,378 kg-m
F2 = 511 kg M2 = 2,556 kg-m
F3 = 432 kg M3 = 1,296 kg-m
Total wind force = 2,268 kg M total = 15,230 kg-m
F2 3.00
F3 3.00 Force due to wind = 4M/ND = 4,290 kg
N = 4 ea
R = 1.775 m
Dimensions in meter Tank empty = 4,566 kg
Tank Testing = 102,467 kg
Tank Full load = 103,467 kg
Tank empty+wind P WE = -We/4+4M/ND 4,950 kg Uplift Need anchor bolt 4 M20
Tank full+wind P WF = -WF/4-4M/ND = - 31,959 kg ↓
Tank full+no wind P F = -WF/4 = - 25,867 kg ↓
H = Horizontal load = 567 kg/leg
25% increase in allowable stress for wind load consideration = 709 kg/leg
 Page 11a
Girder stress q 0.53427 radian
X Ixx Area M area Icg Ad^2 I total
1.39 cm^2 cm^3 cm^4 cm^4 cm^4
A1 10.44 14.09 0.08 0.02 0.09
A2 48.00 28.80 5.76 29.8 35.6
4.8
A3 3.00 11.10 6.25 16.0 22.3
26.37 A4 7.61 41.85 155.78 128.8 284.5
40.0 69.05 95.84 167.87 174.6 342.5 342.5
Y Y X 1.39 r 2.23 kl/r = 74.05
8.43 X1 1.39 X2 7.22 Fa = 1,081 ksc
Plate 400x12 8.33 Iyy A(T) M area Icg Ad^2 I total
cm^2 cm^3 cm^4 cm^4 cm^4
9.7 X 1.67 A1 10.44 182 1,054 839 1,893
16 t 7.2 A2 48.00 1,190 6,400 118 6,518
72 A3 3.00 128 0.1 844 844
A4 7.61 320 92.17 3,291 3,383
1.39 7.22 69.05 1,821 7,546 5,092 12,638 12,638
Y 26.37 r 13.5292 kl/r = 12.191
Y1 26.37 Y2 18.43 Fa = 1,404 ksc
Cone plate = 4.50 6.00 mm
CA = 1.50 1.50 mm Extens. 16t 48 mm Shell plate 3.0
Final plate thk. = 3.00 4.50 mm Extens. 16t 72 mm Cone plate 4.5
Volune Weight
3.55 W shelll = 51 cum 76,931 kg
W cone = 10 cum 14,847 kg
Total = 61 cum 91,778 kg
M = -WR/N(1/a-1/2*cot(a/2))
N = 4
a = 2PI()/N
W = 91,778 kg
R = 1.5 m
angle, a = 1.5708 radian
angle, a/2 = 0.7854 radian
M = -WR/N*(1/l-1/2cot(l/2))
M = - 4,702 kg-m
Zy1(Top) = 479 cm^3
Zy2(Bot) = 686 cm^3
Top fb = -981.0 ksc
Bottom fb = -685.8 ksc
fbx1 = -981 ksc
Result = OK
fbx2 = -686 ksc
fb allow = 1,081 ksc
Result = OK
 Page 12
Column load weld joint stress verified
Maximum silo column load = 25,867 kg
Load due to wind force = 4,290 kg
Additional load at roof = 200 kg
Column load = 30,357 kg
Weld joint thk. 0.707*6.0 = 0.42 cm
No of weld joint fillet weld = 6.00 ea
Length of fillet weld = 40.00 cm
Stress at weld joint = 298 ksc
Allowable stress = 960 ksc OK

Load transferred plate

Steel plate thickness = 4.5 mm
Number of steel plate = 3 ea
Length of steel plate = 43 cm
kL/r = 119.4 < 200
Fc = 721 ksc
As 40x1.2 = 48 cm^2
Fc = 34,590 kg
3 Plates, force = 103,769 kg > 77,363 OK

Column design
Pipe diameter = 6.0 inch 6.0 inch 8.0 inch
Wall thickness = 6.00 mm 7.00 mm 6.00 mm
As = 25.16 cm^2 34.79 cm^2 39.61 cm^2
L = 300 cm 300 cm 300 cm
kL/r = 53.3 60.0 40.3
Fc = 1,212 ksc 1,172 ksc 1,283 ksc
P = 30,501 kg 40,777 kg 50,829 kg
P max. = 30,357 kg OK 30,357 kg OK 30,357 kg OK

Wind bracing
TnH = 2H*sin(an)/N
H = 2,268 kg
TnH = 3,207 kg
As req'd = 2.23 cm^2 Use [ 75x45x5x7, As = 8.818 cm^2
TnR = 2H*sin(an)/N/cos(fn)
TnR = 1,129 kg
As req'd = 0.78 cm^2 Use [ 100x50x5x7.5, As = 11.92 cm^2

Bracing member
Max. Length = 3.22 m
Try [ 75x40x5x7, ry = 1.17 cm Fc Force
kL/r = 275 < 200 Not OK For compression member 138 1220
Try [ 125x65x6x8, ry = 1.90 cm
kL/r = 169 < 200 OK For compression member 365 4349
Max. Length = 2.50 m
Try [ 100x50x5x7.5, ry = 1.48 cm
kL/r = 169 < 200 Not OK For compression member