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    Lecture 3 2

    Uploaded by

    Malecha Sebastian
    The document discusses engineering drawing and orthographic projection. It covers topics like projection methods, line of sight, plane of projection, pictorial projection, orthographic projection, first and third angle projections, dimensioning, and good practices for engineering drawings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lecture 3 2

    Uploaded by

    Malecha Sebastian
    11 views28 pages
    The document discusses engineering drawing and orthographic projection. It covers topics like projection methods, line of sight, plane of projection, pictorial projection, orthographic projection, first and third angle projections, dimensioning, and good practices for engineering drawings.

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    The document discusses engineering drawing and orthographic projection. It covers topics like projection methods, line of sight, plane of projection, pictorial projection, orthographic projection, first and third angle projections, dimensioning, and good practices for engineering drawings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views28 pages

    Lecture 3 2

    Uploaded by

    Malecha Sebastian
    The document discusses engineering drawing and orthographic projection. It covers topics like projection methods, line of sight, plane of projection, pictorial projection, orthographic projection, first and third angle projections, dimensioning, and good practices for engineering drawings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 28

    ENGINEERING

    DRAWING
    LECTURE 3
    Theory of Projection and Orthographic
    Projection
    • Projection:
    Any kind of representation of an object on a paper, screen or similar
    surface by drawing or by photography is called the projection of that
    object.
    Projection
    Methods

    Parallel Perspective

    Pictorial Orthographic
    Projection Theory
    • The projection theory is used to graphically represent 3-D objects on 2-D
    media (paper, computer screen).

    • The projection theory is based on two variables:


    i. Line of sight
    ii. Plane of projection (image plane or picture plane)
    Line of sight is an imaginary ray of light between an
    observer’s eye and an object.

    • There are 2 types of LOS : parallel and converge


    Plane of projection is an imaginary flat plane which the
    image is created.
    Disadvantage of Perspective Projection
    1. It is difficult to create.
    2. It does not reveal exact shape and size.
    Pictorial Projection
    • The Projection in which the length, breadth (width) and height of an object
    is shown in one view is known as pictorial projection.
    Orthographic Projection
    • Orthographic projection is a parallel projection technique in which the
    parallel lines of sight are perpendicular to the projection plane.
    Orthographic Projection
    The Glass Box Approach
    Opening the Box
    Final Views
    Six Orthographic Views:
    Laying out all six views
    Three Primary Views
    Construction of Views
    First and Third Angle Projections
    • First Angle – International
    • Three Angle – USA
    Comparison of First and Third Angle Projections
    FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION THIRD ANGLE PROJECTION
    The object is assumed to be situated in the first The object is assumed to be situated in the third
    quadrant. quadrant.
    The object lies in between the observer and the The plane of projection lies in between the
    plane of projection. observer and the object.
    View from above (top view) is drawn below of View from above (top view) is drawn above of
    front view. front view.
    View from below (bottom view) is drawn above of View from below (bottom view) is drawn below of
    front view. front view.
    View from left (left side view) is drawn on the right View from left (left side view) is drawn on the left
    of front view. of front view.
    View from right (right side view) is drawn on left of View from right (right side view) is drawn on right
    front view. of front view.
    View from the rear (rear view) is drawn on left or View from the rear (rear view) is drawn on left or
    right of front view. right of front view.
    First Angle Projection
    Third Angle Projection
    Symbol of first and third angle projection
    Dimensioning
    Placing of Dimensions
    Basic Line Types
    Meaning of Lines
    • Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the current view.
    • Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in the current view.
    • Center line represents symmetry, path of motion, centers of circles, axis of
    axisymmetric parts.
    • Dimension and Extension lines indicate the sizes and location of features
    on a drawing.
    Good Practice
    Exercise
    • Complete three orthographic views of the object shown on the next slide
    (Third Angle Projection).
    • Include visible, hidden, and center lines where appropriate.
    Object for exercise

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