Dental material MCQs

Dental amalgam

1. Question

The term trituration means:

 Lysing amalgam alloy

 Mixing of amalgam alloy and mercury

 Removal of excess of mercury

 None of the above

2. Question

Dynamic creep is the:

 Continuing alloying between silver-tin alloy and mercury during the life of restoration

 Deformation of set amalgam during function

 Process whereby alloy is wetted by murcury

 Spread of amalgam during packing

3. Question

The highest mercury concentration in amalgam filling is found

 At the margin of the restoration

 In the centre of the restoration

 In the deepest part of the restoration

 None of the above

4. Question

The dental amalgam is most resistant to:

 Compressive stress

 Impact stress

 Shear stress

 Tensile stress

5. Question
The ADA specification No 1 for composition of amalgam alloy recommends

 65% silver, 32% tin and 3% copper

 49% silver, 32% tin and 19% cooper

 65% silver, 29% tin and 5-6% copper

 None of the above

6. Question
According of ADA specification No or number 1, the minimum compressive strength for silver amalgam filling aftr
one hour should be:

 80 Mpa

 140 Mpa

 260 Mpa

 510 Mpa

7. Question
Which of the following phases of dental amalgam has minimum strength
  Gamma 1

 Gamma 2

 Epsilon 1

 Gamma 3

8. Question
Admixed high copper alloy powder contains

 9-20% copper

 13-20% copper

 9-30% copper

 13-30% copper

9. Question
Compare to conventional amalgams, spherical amalgams

 Require more mercury

 Require heavy compection forces

 Have longer setting times

 None of the above

10. Question
Finishing and polishing of Amalgam make the restoration:

 Increase in tarnish and corrosion resistance

 Increase the marginal strength

  Decrease the tarnish and corrosion resistance

 Increased compressive strength

11. Question
Which of the following statements about high copper silver alloy compared to conventional alloy is not true?

 It has increased tensile and compressive strength

 It has poor tarnish and corrosion resistance

 It's edge strength is greater

 Mercury content in the final restoration is less

12. Question
Setting time of Amalgam is best controlled by?

 Using spherical particles

 Lathe cut alloy

 Altering Hg-Alloy ratio

 Trituration time

13. Question
Increase in the residual mercury in silver amalgam filling can:

 Cause fracture of the filling

 Tarnish and corrosion

 Increase the strength

 Decrease condensation pressure

14. Question
High Cu alloys have all of the following except:

 High tensile strength

 Low creep

 High corrosion

 None of the above

15. Question
Chronic mercury toxicity results from:

 Ingestion while removing old amalgam

 Skin contact

 Mercury vapour

 All of the above

16. Question
In non zinc containing dental amalgam alloy the percentage of zinc present is

 Less than 0.02%

 Less than 0.1%

 Less than 0.01%

 None of the above

17. Question
In spherical alloys as compared to lathe cut:

 Less condensing force is required

  More condensing force is required

 Both require same condensing force

 Manipulation is easy

18. Question
High copper dental amalgams are superior to other amalgams because high copper dental amalgems

 Have less marginal breakdown

 Are workable at lower Hg-alloy ratio

 Have a higher ratio of tensile to compressive strength

 Have less resistance to tarnish and corrosion

19. Question
Well premeasured capsules of amalgam can release mercury vapour during:

 Mulling

 Carving

 Condensation

 Trituration

20. Question
The largest component of amalgam alloy is:

 Silver

 Tin

 Zinc
  Copper

21. Question
In a high copper amalgam the phase, which is eliminated is:

 Gamma 1

 Gamma 2

 Gamma 1 and 2

 No phase is eliminated

22. Question
During amalgamation, trituration is done to:

 Dissolve the alloy in mercury

 Coat the alloy particle with mercury

 Remove excess mercury from the amalgam

 Dissolve Hg in alloy

23. Question
Moisture contamination of amalgam can lead to:

 Marginal breakdown

 Shrinkage

 Delayed expansion

 increased stresses

24. Question
Amalgam restorations give the best clinical service when the residual mercury content is:

 38-42%

 48-52%

 58-62%

 68-72%

25. Question
Discolouration of silver alloy is due to:

 Tarnish

 Tarnish and corrosion

 Wet corrosion

 Dry corrosion

26. Question
Percentage of tin in low copper alloy is:

 30-35%

 26-28%

 13-32%

 22-30%

27. Question
Advantage of zinc containing amalgam is:

 Better handling property

  Dimensional Stability

 Resistance to creep

 Toxicity to pulp and dentin

28. Question
Cause of expansion in zinc containing amalgam is:

 Zinc and water

 Water

 Hydrogen

 Nascent oxygen

29. Question
What is the working time of amalgam?

 One to two minutes

 Three to four minutes

 Five to six minutes

 Seven to eight minutes

30. Question
Which of the following amalgam alloys is least susceptible to creep:

 Lathe cut

 Spherical

 Microfine
  Dispersion with higher copper

31. Question
The percentage of copper in high copper alloy is:

 10-12%

 0-6%

 13-30%

 20-30%

32. Question
How soon after a moisture contamination does a zinc containing amalgam alloy start expanding

 24 hours

 1-2 days

 3-5 days

 7 days

33. Question
What is common in amalgam and ceramics ?

 More compressive strength but less tensile strength

 More compressive strength and tensile strength

 Less compressive strength but more tensile strength

 Less compressive strength and tensile strength

34. Question
What is the most frequently used restorative material?

 Silicate

 Amalgam

 Composite

 Gold

35. Question
Which of the following constituents of amalgam alloy decreases expansion

 Copper

 Zinc

 Silver

 Tin

36. Question
Which of the following silver amalgam alloy have the maximum strength

 Lathe cut

 Spherical

 Admixed

 unicompositional

37. Question
The higher the Hg alloy ratio in dental amalgam:

 Higher the strength

  Lower the creep value

 More matrix matrial formed

 More gamma 1 phase formed

38. Question
Copper content in low copper amalgam is:

 6%

 12-30%

 29%

 19%

39. Question
Ag-Cu eutectic alloy has a characteristic Property of that fusion temp of:

 The resultant alloy is greater

 The resultant alloy is lesser

 The resultant alloy varies according to the content of Ag of Cu

 None of the above

40. Question
Which phase provides maximum strength in hardened mercury/silver alloy?

 Silver / Mercury phase

 Silver / Tin phase

 Tin / Mercury phase

  Zinc / Mercury phase

41. Question
What is the recommended for condensation of dental amalgam?

 35 pounds

 3 pounds

 15 lb

 25 lb

42. Question
The tarnished layer of silver amalgam consists of:

 Sulphides of silver

 Oxides of tin

 Chlorides of tin

 All of the above

43. Question
Which is not true about high copper amalgam alloys:

 Low tensile and compressive strength

 Low Hg: Alloy ratio

 High tensile strength

 Low creep

44. Question
The threshold limit value of mercury exposures is:

 0.01 mg / m3

 0.05 mg / m3

 0.1 mg / m3

 0.001 mg / m3

45. Question
Amalgam means:

 A metallic powder composed of silver, tin, copper and zinc

 An alloy of two or more metals one of which is mercury

 An alloy of two or more metals that have been dissolved in each other in the molten state

 A metallic substances in powder or tablet from that is mixed with mercury

46. Question
Mercury intoxication in dental office mainly results from:

 Direct contact with the mercury

 Inhalation of mercury vapours

 Ingestion of mercury

 None of the above

47. Question
In amalgam alloy which acts as oxygen scavenger:

 Cu
  Zn

 Pd

 Ag

48. Question
Over-trituration of silver alloy and mercury:

 Reduces contraction

 Increases the strength of lathe cut alloy but reduces the strength of spherical alloy amalgam

 Decreases creep

 Gives al dull and crumbly amalgam

49. Question
By increasing the percentage of which metal, the strength and hardness of amalgam increases:

 Ag

 Zn

 Cu

 Hg

50. Question
Mercury rich condition in a slow setting amalgam alloy system in a resoration in

 Accelerated corrosion

 Fracture of the restoration

 Merginal damage
  All of the above

51. Question
Which of the following statement is true regarding lathe cut low Copper silver alloy?

 Requires least amount of mercury

 Achieves high compressive strength at 1 hr.

 Has tensile strength both at 15 minutes and 7 days is comparable to high copper, unicompositional alloys

 Has lower cree value

52. Question
A true eutectic alloy has melting point

 Above that of low fusing metal

 Above the melting point of either metal

 Below that of high fusion metal

 Below the melting point of either metal

53. Question
Creep value of which of the following is the highest?

 Low copper amalgam alloy

 Admix alloy

 Single composition alloys

 Creep value of all the above mentioned alloys is same

54. Question
Advantage of minimum mercury technique or Eames technique is all Except:
  High strength

 Sets quickly

 Needs no squeezing of excess mercury

 Greater plasticity and adapts well to cavity walls

55. Question
Amalgam achieves 70% of the strength by:

 2 hours

 4 hours

 8 hours

 16 hours

The solid solution of silver and mercury is called:

 y1

 y2

 B1

 y

57. Question
Mercury is toxic because it:

 Complexes with hemoglobinto form methemoglobin

 Inhibits hemoglobin synthesis, producing anemia

 Inhibits anaerobic glycolysis

  Binds to sulfhydryl groups

58. Question
Once triturated, the Dental amalgam should be condensed with in:

 5 minutes

 6 minutes

 3 minutes

 15 minutes

59. Question
What fraction of inhaled mercury vapors retained in the body?

 45-55%

 55-65%

 65-85%

 More than 85%

60. Question
High strength amalgam is achieved by:

 Maximum matrix and minimum alloy phase

 Minimum matrix and maximum alloy phase

 Maximum matrix phase

 Minimum alloy phase

61. Question
The effect of trituration on strength in an amalgam restoration depends on:
  Amalgam alloy

 Trituration time

 Speed of amalgamator

 All of the above

62. Question
Which of the following does not occur in High Copper Amalgam?

 Electrochemical Corrosion

 Chemical Corrosion

 Penetrating Corrosion

 Corrosion does not occur at all

63. Question
Decrease in creep occurs in:

 Under trituration or over trituration of amalgam

 Decreases with condensation pressure

 Increase with condensation pressure

 Cannot be predictable

64. Question
For dental amalgam, the elastic modulus and tensile strength is:

 40 Gpa and 60 - 100 Mpa

 21 Gpa and 27 - 55 Mpa

  350 Gpa and 10 - 120 Mpa

 360 Gpa and 125 - 130 Mpa

65. Question
Cavo surface angle for amalgam resoration is butt joint as:

 It increases compresssive and tensile strengths

 Decreased compressive, increased strength

 Decreased compressive, decrease tensile strength

 Increased compressive, increased tensile strength

66. Question
Adequate mixing of mercury is indicated by:

 Dry Mix

 Shiny Mix

 Short Mixing Time

 None of the above

67. Question
Which of the following are characteristic feature of high copper amalgam alloy?

 Low compressive strength

 High marginal breakdown

 Less marginal breakdown

 High creep
68. Question
Which is true regarding lathe cut silver alloy:

 Requires least amount of mercury

 Achieves lowest compressive strength at 1 hr.

 Has tensile strength both at 15 min & 7 days comparable to high copper unicompositional alloy

 Has low creep

69. Question
Co-efficient of Thermal exansion of amalgam is:

 6.6 a (ppm k-1)

 11.4 a (ppm k-1)

 14.0 a (ppm k-1)

 25.0 a (ppm k-1)

70. Question
Gallium and indium added to Amalgam replace

 Silver

 Tin

 Mercury

 Zinc

71. Question
A patient who has had a recent amalgam filling in the upper teeth has a gold filling in the lower teeth, the patient
complains of pain. The reason for this can be mainly

 Improper amalgam filling

  Pulp exposure

 Galvanism

 None of the above

72. Question
Which one of the following is not an objective of trituration?

 Remove oxides from powder particle surface

 Keep the amount of gamma-1 or gamma-2 matrix crystals to maximum

 Pulverize pelletes into particles to aid in attack by mercury

 Achieve a workable mass of amalgam in minimum time

73. Question
Outstanding clinical performance of dental amalgam restoration is related to its

 Compressive strength

 Tensile strength

 Corrosion

 Creep

74. Question
High copper amalgam can be produced

 From smooth atomized particles

 From irregular and spherical particles

 From lathe cut particles

  From traditional alloy particles

75. Question
Absorption of mercury in the human body occurs least from:

 Lungs

 Gastro-intestinal Track

 Skin

 Kidneys

Key answers

1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A

11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A

21.C 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.B 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.D
 31.C 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D 36.D 37.C 38.A 39.B 40.B

41.B 42.A 43.A 44.B 45.B 46.B 47.B 48.B 49.C 50.D

51.C 52.D 53.A 54.D 55.C 56.A 57.D 58.C 59.C 60.B

61.D 62.C 63.C 64.B 65.A 66.B 67.C 68.B 69.D 70.C

71.C 72.B 73.A 74.B 75.D

Amalgam bank question

1. Give reasons: To obtain better amalgam filling properties, the minimum mercury amount should be used during
mixing

o a-To decrease setting expansion

o b- decrease stiffness
o c- decrease creep
o d- decrease gamma 2 phase
o e- decrease corrosion resistance
o f- decrease gamma phase
2. What does the gamma-1 phase (Ag2Hg3) in dental amalgam represent?

o a-Most corrodible phase

o b-Highest creep value
o c-Main matrix phase
o d- Strongest phase

3. The element of dental amalgam composition that increases creep is:

a. Silver b. Zinc c. Tin d. Copper

4. Corrosion of dental amalgam can be minimized by:

o a-Addition of tin to the alloy

o b- Use of conventional amalgam
o c- Finishing and polishing of amalgam
o d- Delayed condensation

5. Copper is added during manufacturing to act as:

o a-Scavenger
o b-Strengthening agent
o c-Nucleating agent
o d- Whitening agent

6. Dental amalgam can be used as:

o a-Inlay restoration
o b-Luting material
o c-Core buildup
o d-Onlay restoration

7. Element responsible for elimination of Gamma2 phase:

a. Zn b. Ag c. Cu d. Sn
8. High copper amalgam is characterized by elimination of:

o a-Ag3Sn (gamma phase)

o b-Sn8Hg (gamma2)
o c-Cu6Sn5 (eta phase)
o d-Ag2Hg3 (gamma 1)

9. High copper amalgam is stronger than low copper amalgam due to

o a-Elimination of gamma 1
o b-Presence of eta phase
o c-Elimination of gamma 2
o d- Absence of zinc

10. The element of dental amalgam composition that increases creep is:

a. Zinc b. Silver c. Copper d. Tin

11. Tin cannot be eliminated from dental amalgam alloy because it:

o a-decreases creep
o b-increases corrosion resistance
o c-decreases reactivity with Hg and help amalgamation
o d-Increases reactivity with Hg and increase amalgamation

12. Self sealability of dental amalgam is related to

o a-corrosion behavior
o b-Brittleness
o c-viscoelastic property
o d-ability to bond chemically to tooth

13. Why is the use of pre proportioned capsules preferred?

o a-increases trituration time

o b-decrease the toxicity effect
o c-increase setting time
o d-increase the liability to tarnish and corrosion
o e-give friable mix

14. High-copper amalgam is characterized by elimination of:

o a-Ag3Sn (γ phase).
o b-Ag2Hg3 (γ1 phase).
 o c-Sn8Hg (γ2 phase).
o d-Cu8Sn5 (η phase).

15. Zinc is added during the manufacturing of dental amalgam alloy to act as:

a. Nucleating agent b. Scavenger .c. Setting retarder .d. None of the above.

16. Dental amalgam can be used for all of the following clinical applications except:
o a- Core for full crowns.
o b- Posterior direct restoration.
o c- Anterior direct restoration.
o d- Retrograde filling material in endodontics.

17. All of the following elements of dental amalgam decrease the creep except:

a. Silver. b. Copper. c. Tin. d. Zinc.

18. The presence of excess mercury in the amalgam mix:

o a- Decreases the strength.
o b- Increases the creep.
o c- Increases the setting expansion.
o d- a &b.
o e- All of the above.

19. What does the gamma-1 phase in dental amalgam represent?

o a-Most corrodible phase
o b- highest creep
o c- main matrix phase
o d- strongest phase

20. The element in amalgam that increases the creep is

a. Silver b. Zinc c. Tin d. Copper

21- The presence of excess mercury in the amalgam mix:

o a-Decreases the strength

o b- Increases the creep.
o c- Increases the setting expansion
o d- All of the above.

22- High-copper amalgam is characterized by elimination of:

o a-Ag3Sn (γ phase)
o b- Ag2Hg3 (γ1 phase)
o c- Sn8 Hg (γ2 phase)
o d- Cu6Sn5(η phase)

23-Tin (Sn) is added mainly to …..

o a-increases creep
o b. Decrease setting expansion
 o c. Decrease tarnish and corrosion resistance
o d. Improve reactivity with mercury at room temperature

24-The spherical and spheroidal powders should be exposed to the homogenization process in order to …….

a- eliminate coring b- relief of internal stresses c- increase strength d- none of the above

25- Spherical amalgam takes ………… mercury to obtain a homogenous mix when compared to lathe cut

a- less b- more c- same d- none of the above

26- The strongest phase in dental amalgam is …..

o a-γ - Ag3Sn (gamma)

o b-γ1- Ag2Hg3 (gamma-one)

o c- γ2-Sn8Hg (gamma-two)

o d-none of the above

27-Moisture contamination of zinc containing amalgam during trituration or condensation will cause the following

o a-Delayed [secondary] expansion

o b-postoperative pain
o c-blistering
o d. all of the above

28-In dental amalgam, lathe cut are better when compared to spherical because

o a- They have lower surface area/volume

o b- Need less mercury
o c- Good margin integrity
o d- Less condensation pressure
o e-Give smooth surface

29- The term trituration means:

o a- lysing of the amalgam alloy
o b-mixing the amalgam alloy and mercury
o c-removal the excess mercury
o d-finishing of the amalgam

30- The highest mercury in amalgam filling is found in

o a- at the margin of the restoration

o b- in the center of the restoration
o c-in the deepest part of restoration
o d- away from the margin

31- The dental amalgam resistant to

a- compressive stress
b- impact stress
c- shear stress
d- tensile stress

32