Reg. No.

Question Paper Code : 40438

B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2021.

Third/Fourth and Fifth Semester
Electronics and Communication Engineering
EC 8391 – CONTROL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(Common to : Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering/
Mechatronics Engineering/Medical Electronics)
(Regulations 2017)
(Provide Semilog sheet, Polar sheet and ordinary graph sheet)
Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions.

PART A — (10 × 2 = 20 marks)

1. Write any two limitations of transfer function approach.

2. Find the number of forward paths and independent loops for the signal flow
graph shown in the Fig. 1

Fig. 1
3. A control system is defined by the following differential mathematical
d2x dx
relationship 9 2 + 16
dt
( )
+ 5x = 12 1 − e −2t . Find response of the system at
dt
t→∞.
10(1 + 0.04S )
4. The compensator has the transfer function Gc (s ) = . Determine
(1 + 0.01S )
the maximum phase angle lead provided by this compensator.
1
5. The system with the open loop transfer function G(s)H(s) =
( 2
s s + s +1 )
Determine the gain margin.
6. Differentiate phase lead and phase lag compensator?
7. A certain closed loop system with unity feedback has the following transfer
K
function given by G (s )H (s ) = with the gain set at the ultimate
s(s + 2)(s + 4 )
value. Determine the oscillation frequency of the system.
8. What is the necessary condition for stability.
9. Write any two properties of state transition matrix.
10. Draw the block diagram of the system described by the state model

 x1  0 1 0  x1  0
x  = 0 0 1 x  + 0 u and y = x .
 2    2   1

 x 3  0 a2 a3   x3  1 

PART B — (5 × 13 = 65 marks)

11. (a) (i) Find the transfer function V0 (s )/ V1 (s ) for the Circuit shown in
Fig. 2. (7)

Fig. 2
(ii) Explain the working of AC servomotor in control systems. (6)

Or
(b) Reduce the block diagram shown in Fig. 3 to find the transfer function
C(s)/R(s) and verify it using Mason's gain formula. (13)

Fig. 3
12. (a) (i) The block diagram of a servomechanism is shown in Fig 4.
Determine the values of ‘K’ and ‘a’ so that the maximum overshoot
in unit-step response is 50% and the peak time is 5 seconds. (7)

Fig 4

2 40438
 (ii) The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given
K
by G (s ) = By what factor should the amplifier gain K be
S (τS + 1)
multiplied so that the damping ratio is increased from 0.25 to 0.75?
(6)
Or
(b) For the system shown in Fig 5, determine the percentage of peak
overshoot and settling time when it is excited by unit step input. If for
the same system, PD controller having constant Td = 1/30 is used in
forward path, determine new values of damping ratio. peak overshoot
and settling time. (13)

Fig. 5
13. (a) The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
1
G (s ) = 2
. Sketch the polar plot and determine the gain and
s(0.5s + 1)
phase margin. (13)
Or
(b) Design a lead compensation such that the closed loop system shown in
Fig. 6 satisfies the following specifications : static velocity error constant
is 24s–1, phase margin is 55° and gain ≥ 13dB. (13)

Fig. 6
14. (a) Sketch the root locus for the unity feedback system whose open loop
16.5 K (s + 1.5)
transfer function is G (s )H (s ) = 2 2 (13)
( )
s s + 5s + 25
Or
(b) Draw the Nyquist plot for a system with open loop transfer function
10 K (s + 0.6 )
G (s )H (s ) = 2 Using Nyquist stability criterion determine
s (s + 2)(s + 10 )
stability with K=1, K=10 and K=100. (13)
15. (a) (i) Determine the state model of armature control DC motor and draw
the block diagram representation. (7)
(ii) Derive Jordan's canonical form for the following transfer
Y (s ) 6
function = . (6)
U (s ) (s + 1) (s + 2)
2

Or

3 40438
 (b) (i) What is observability and controllability? How do you verify
whether the system is observable and controllable? (8)
0 1 
(ii) Determine e At where A=  using similarity
 − 2 − 3
transformation method. (5)
PART C — (1 × 15 = 15 marks)
16. (a) (i) For the system shown in Fig. 7, the steady state error component
due to unit step disturbance is 0.000012 and steady state error
component due to unit ramp input is 0.003. The values of K1 and K2
are respectively. (7)

Fig. 7
(ii) Determine the transfer function of the system for the magnitude
plot shown in Fig. 8. (8)

Fig. 8
Or
(b) An aeroplane with an autopilot in the longitudinal mode has a simplified
K (s + 1)
open loop transfer function G (s )H (s ) = . This system
s(s − 1) ( s2 + 4 x + 16 )
which involves an open loop pole in the right half s-plane may be
conditionally stable. Sketch the root-locus plot and determine the range
of K for stability. (15)

—————————

4 40438
*X10355* Reg. No. :

Question Paper Code : X 10355

B.E./B.Tech. Degree ExaminationS, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2020 AND
APRIL/MAY 2021
Third/Fourth/Fifth Semester
Electronics and Communication Engineering
EC 8391 – Control Systems Engineering
(Common to Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering/Mechatronics
Engineering/Medical Electronics)
(Regulations 2017)

Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks

(Provide Semilog Sheet and Ordinary Graph Sheet)

Answer all questions
Part – A (10×2=20 Marks)

1. Why negative feedback is preferred in control systems ?

2. Determine the gain of the system shown in Figure 1.

       Figure 1

3. A system is described by the following differential equation

d2 y dy
2
+3 + 2y = x ( t ) is initially at rest. For input x(t) = 2u(t), determine the
dt dt
output y(t).

4. The unit impulse response of a system given as c(t) = – 4e–t + 6e–2t. Find the step
response of the same system for t ≥ 0.

5. The Nyquist plot of G(jω) H(jω) for a closed loop control system, passes through
(–1, j0) point in the GH plane. Find the gain margin in dB.
X 10355 -2- *X10355*

1 + 3TS
6. The transfer function of a phase lead compensator is given by Gc(s) =
1 + TS
where T > 0. What is the maximum phase shift provided by such a compensator ?

7. Find the number and direction of encirclements around the point – 1 + j0 in the
1−s
complex plane by the Nyquist plot of G(s) = .
4 + 2s
8. What is dominant pole ?

9. How many state variables are associated with the circuit shown in Figure 2 ?

Figure 2

1 2
10. A system is represented in state-space as x = ax + Bu , where A =  and
 α 6
1
B =   . Find the value of α for which system is not controllable.
1
PART – B (5×13=65 Marks)
x3 ( s )
11. a) i) Find the transfer function G(s) = , for the translational mechanical
F (s )
system shown in Figure 3. (7)

Figure 3
ii) Derive an expression for the transfer function of an armature controlled
DC motor. (6)
(OR)
*X10355* -3- X 10355

b) Determine the transfer function of the system shown in Figure 4 using block
diagram reduction technique and verify it using Mason’s gain formula. (13)

Figure 4

12. a) Derive the expression for the time response of a second order system subjected
to unit step input for under damped system and also derive the expression for
peak time and rise time. (13)

(OR)

b) With suitable block diagrams and equations, explain the following types of
controllers employed in control system.
i) Proportional plus derivative controller (4)
ii) Proportional-plus-integral controller (4)
iii) PID controller (5)

K (s + 4 )
13. a) A unity feedback system has a plant transfer function of G(s) = .
( s − 1) ( s − 2 )
i) For K=8, draw the Bode plots and find phase margin and gain margin.
ii) What would be the value of K for a phase margin of 30° and what is the
corresponding gain margin ? (8+5)
(OR)
b) Design a lead compensator to meet the following specifications for a unity
feedback system with open loop transfer function (13)
K
G(s) = .
s ( s + 1) ( s + 5 )
It is desired to have the velocity error constant Kv ≥ 50 and phase margin
is ≥ 20.
X 10355 -4- *X10355*

14. a) A feedback control system has an open loop transfer function (13)
K
G(s) H(s) = .
(
s ( s + 3 ) s2 + 2s + 2 )
i) Sketch the root locus plot and find the range of values of K for which the
system has damped oscillatory response.
ii) Find the gain K at the point where the locus crosses the 0.5 damping
ratio line. (8+5)

(OR)

b) A unity feedback system has open loop transfer function is given by (13)
1
G(s) = .
s ( 2s + 1) ( s + 1)
Sketch the Nyquist plot for the system and from their obtain gain margin.

15. a) Test the controllability and observability of the system by any one method
whose state space representation is given as, (13)

 −3 1 1   0 1
x =  −1 0 1  x + 0 0  u
   
 0 0 1  2 1

 0 0 1
y =  x
 1 1 0

(OR)

b) i) Obtain state variable model in Jorden canonical form for the system with
transfer function (7)

Y ( s ) = s+3 .
U ( s ) s + 9s + 24s + 20
3 2

ii) A state space representation for the transfer function

Y (s ) s+6  0 1 0 
= 2 is x = Ax + Bu, y = Cx, where A =   , B =  .
U ( s ) s + 5s + 6  −6 − 5 1 
Determine the value C. (6)
*X10355* -5- X 10355

PART – C (1×15=15 Marks)

16. a) i) Determine the values of Mass (M), Damper (D), spring (K) for the mechanical
system and its output response is shown in figure 5. Assume that the
system was initially relaxed. (9)

Figure 5
k (s + 2 )
ii) If a unity negative feedback system having G(s) =
s3 + ps2 + 3s + 2
is marginally stable and oscillates with a frequency of 2.5 rad/sec.
Determine the values of kmar and p. (6)
(OR)
b) Sketch the root locus for the given unity feedback system that has the forward-
K
path transfer function G(s) = .
(s + 2 ) (s + 4 ) (s + 6 )
i) Using a second-order approximation, design the value of K to yield 10%
overshoot for a unit-step input. (10)
ii) Determine the settling time (2% error), peak time, undamped natural
frequency and steady-state error for the value of K designed in (i). (5)

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