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    Linux Commands

    Uploaded by

    kumarankit06875

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Linux Commands

    Uploaded by

    kumarankit06875
    14 views6 pages

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    14 views6 pages

    Linux Commands

    Uploaded by

    kumarankit06875

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    LINUX COMMON COMMANDS

    Linux Directory Commands


    1. pwd Command
    The pwd command is used to display the location of the current working directory.
    Syntax: pwd
    Output:

    2. mkdir Command
    The mkdir command is used to create a new directory under any directory.
    Syntax: mkdir <directory name>
    Output:

    3. rmdir Command
    The rmdir command is used to delete a directory.
    Syntax: rmdir <directory name>
    Output:

    4. ls Command
    The ls command is used to display a list of content of a directory.
    Syntax: ls
    Output:

    5. cd Command
    The cd command is used to change the current directory.
    Syntax: cd <directory name>
    Output:

    Linux File commands


    6. touch Command
    The touch command is used to create empty files. We can create multiple empty files by executing it once.
    Syntax:
    1. touch <file name>
    2. touch <file1> <file2> ....
    Output:

    7. cat Command
    The cat command is a multi-purpose utility in the Linux system. It can be used to create a file, display content of
    the file, copy the content of one file to another file, and more.
    Syntax:
    1. cat [OPTION]... [FILE]..
    To create a file, execute it as follows:
    1. cat > <file name>
    2. // Enter file content
    Press "CTRL+ D" keys to save the file. To display the content of the file, execute it as follows:
    1. cat <file name>
    Output:

    8. rm Command
    The rm command is used to remove a file.
    Syntax: rm <file name>
    Output:

    9. cp Command
    The cp command is used to copy a file or directory.
    Syntax:
    To copy in the same directory:
    1. cp <existing file name> <new file name>
    To copy in a different directory:
    Output:

    10. mv Command
    The mv command is used to move a file or a directory form one location to another location.
    Syntax:
    1. mv <file name> <directory path>
    Output:

    11. rename Command


    The rename command is used to rename files. It is useful for renaming a large group of files.
    Syntax:
    1. rename 's/old-name/new-name/' files
    For example, to convert all the text files into pdf files, execute the below command:
    1. rename 's/\.txt$/\.pdf/' *.txt
    Output:

    Linux File Content Commands


    12. head Command
    The head command is used to display the content of a file. It displays the first 10 lines of a file.
    Syntax:
    1. head <file name>
    Output:
    13. tail Command
    The tail command is similar to the head command. The difference between both commands is that it displays the
    last ten lines of the file content. It is useful for reading the error message.
    Syntax:
    1. tail <file name>
    Output:

    14. tac Command


    The tac command is the reverse of cat command, as its name specified. It displays the file content in reverse
    order (from the last line).
    Syntax:
    1. tac <file name>
    Output:

    15. more command


    The more command is quite similar to the cat command, as it is used to display the file content in the same way
    that the cat command does. The only difference between both commands is that, in case of larger files, the more
    command displays screenful output at a time.
    In more command, the following keys are used to scroll the page:
    ENTER key: To scroll down page by line.
    Space bar: To move to the next page.
    b key: To move to the previous page.
    / key: To search the string.
    Syntax:
    1. more <file name>
    Output:

    16. less Command


    The less command is similar to the more command. It also includes some extra features such as 'adjustment in
    width and height of the terminal.' Comparatively, the more command cuts the output in the width of the
    terminal.
    Syntax:
    1. less <file name>
    Output:
    Linux Utility Commands
    17. find Command
    The find command is used to find a particular file within a directory. It also supports various options to find a
    file such as byname, by type, by date, and more.
    The following symbols are used after the find command:
    (.) : For current directory name
    (/) : For root
    Syntax:
    1. find . -name "*.pdf"
    Output:

    18. locate Command


    The locate command is used to search a file by file name. It is quite similar to find command; the difference is
    that it is a background process. It searches the file in the database, whereas the find command searches in the
    file system. It is faster than the find command. To find the file with the locates command, keep your database
    updated.
    Syntax:
    1. locate <file name>
    Output:

    19. date Command


    The date command is used to display date, time, time zone, and more.
    Syntax:
    1. date
    Output:

    20. cal Command


    The cal command is used to display the current month's calendar with the current date highlighted.
    Syntax:
    1. cal<
    Output:

    21. sleep Command


    The sleep command is used to hold the terminal by the specified amount of time. By default, it takes time in
    seconds.
    Syntax:
    1. sleep <time>
    Output:
    22. time Command
    The time command is used to display the time to execute a command.
    Syntax:
    1. time
    Output:

    23. zcat Command


    The zcat command is used to display the compressed files.
    Syntax:
    1. zcat <file name>
    Output:

    24. df Command
    The df command is used to display the disk space used in the file system. It displays the output as in the number
    of used blocks, available blocks, and the mounted directory.
    Syntax:
    1. df
    Output:

    25. exit Command


    Linux exit command is used to exit from the current shell. It takes a parameter as a number and exits the shell
    with a return of status number.
    Syntax:
    1. exit
    Output:

    After pressing the ENTER key, it will exit the terminal.


    26. clear Command
    Linux clear command is used to clear the terminal screen.
    Syntax:
    1. clear
    Output:

    After pressing the ENTER key, it will clear the terminal screen.
    Linux Networking Commands
    27. ip Command
    Linux ip command is an updated version of the ipconfig command. It is used to assign an IP address, initialize
    an interface, disable an interface.
    Syntax:
    1. ip a or ip addr
    Output:

    28. ping Command


    The ping command is used to check the connectivity between two nodes, that is whether the server is connected.
    It is a short form of "Packet Internet Groper."
    Syntax:
    1. ping <destination>
    Output:

    29. host Command


    The host command is used to display the IP address for a given domain name and vice versa. It performs the
    DNS lookups for the DNS Query.
    Syntax:
    1. host <domain name> or <ip address>
    Output:

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