HIGH INTENSITY SPORT

In order to understand the reasons described above, it must be understood that a high-
performance athlete is a being different from other athletes. You could say that he is a special
being. In addition to knowing your discipline, you must be a person who has some specific
characteristics to be able to perform in said sport. Rivera (2012), based on his research in this
regard, indicates that a high-performance athlete must develop agility, static and dynamic
balance, coordination, speed, reaction time, muscular strength, power and others. However, the
list is not only limited to physical aspects, but also indicates that there are other training aspects
which come from his development since he was a child. Therefore, the high-performance athlete
must be a responsible person with appropriate behavior to achieve his goal, ideally surrounded by
his family and friends who support him and constantly motivate him. In addition to having a
positive personality, being disciplined and wanting to be a winner (Rivera & Samalot Rivera, 2012)

DEFINITION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CENTER

High Performance Centers are organizations that support sports so that they are competitive at an
international level, generally sponsored by government authorities of the country or region. There
are several High Performance Centers where one or more sports disciplines are developed.

Within them, the training of elite or highly competitive athletes is carried out to promote their
practice of sport, trying to raise the quality of life of the athlete with projection and also the
results. The Law for the Promotion and Development of Peruvian Sports defines High Performance
Centers as bodies created by the Peruvian Sports Institute (IPD) in coordination with the National
Sports Federations (FPA), the Peruvian Olympic Committee, private companies and universities.
with the purpose of improving the sports technical level of qualified high-level athletes

HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORTS CENTER: According to the Peruvian Sports Institute (IPD, 2016). The
High Performance Centers function as boarding schools, in which athletes are offered adequate
and sufficient infrastructure for housing and optimal training, food according to their needs
(specialized nutrition, vitamins and proteins), training that considers the schedule of work as a
priority. youth studies, since high-performance centers have developed alliances with universities
in order to facilitate the professional development of young people. Likewise, this comprehensive
training entails a multidisciplinary support team (administrative, technical, nutritionists,
psychologists, physiotherapists, doctors, social workers, academic assistance) as well as
comprehensive services for their development, with the aim of increasingly better sports results.
The area of Psychology and Social Welfare privileges a clinical, educational and social approach
under a community analytical perspective, from which social and environmental factors are
considered in order to carry out actions aimed at improving the living conditions of athletes. On
the other hand, the work in sports psychology stands out, where the mental training that athletes
need is carried out, promoting the benefits of sport for the well-being of the person. Athletes have
psychoeducational talks, psychological counseling and/or therapy, psychosports interventions,
among others. 80% of the athletes who are currently part of the CAR belong to the D and E
socioeconomic level, given that they are mostly enrolled from remote rural areas and that we have
achievements reflected at the national and international level; That is, the CARD is not only
intended for high-level athletes, but also focuses on the preparation and discovery of new
promises. The High Performance Centers have been developed in 6 Regions of our country in
sports disciplines: Athletics, Boxing, Cycling, Gymnastics,

Judo, Karate, Weightlifting and Volleyball. The quality of care of the 6 High Performance Centers of
the Peruvian Sports Institute is constantly improved with a comprehensive vision towards young
internal athletes from 12 to 18 years old, from the regions of Cusco, Loreto, Lambayeque,
Arequipa, Ica and Junín, encouraging their national and international sporting achievements, their
personal and professional development.

HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORTS According to the National Sports Institute of Chile (IND, 2007). High-
performance sport is understood to be that which implies high demands in the respective sports
specialty, directly related to the National Teams and outstanding athletes who represent the
country in international competitions. The objective of the category is to generate the conditions
to improve the location and international projection of Chilean sport. The High Performance
program developed by Chiledeportes is based on 3 development components

Theory and Concepts

3.1 Sport S

It is defined as a set of exercises that humans perform, which presents the body's effort to obtain
physical and intellectual improvement.

3.2 Sports Federations

Humans have developed a dependency on physical activity, which leads them to need the
necessary training to know the technique and improve their physical condition for the desired
discipline. For this reason, sports federations are created that have people with certified
preparation, with the professional capacity to implement their knowledge in people who want to
learn and know more about the different sports that are practiced worldwide.

3.4 S Olympic Events

Multidisciplinary sports activities that take place in a host country are known as Olympic Events,
which provides sports venues endorsed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for
meetings between athletes from all over the world to take place. This set of events is known as:
Olympic Cycle. The Olympic cycles are 4 years long, and are made up of the following
competitions: 1. Central American Sports Games. 2. Central American and Caribbean Sports
Games, Mayagüez. 3. Youth Olympic Games. 4. Pan American Sports Games. 5. Olympic Games

3.5 Olympic Athlete

The word Athlete (from the Greek athlos, whose meaning is “competition”) is the individual who
has physical characteristics that stands out among a group of athletes, resulting in being suitable
to perform tests in competitions in the sport practiced. To consider the best athlete, they must be
tested in four areas that determine their ability as an athlete: endurance, strength, speed and
agility.

Sports psychology

Sport, at a general level, has manifested itself with global prominence based on the media in
which spaces have been created for its popularity. According to R.Weimberg and D. Gould
(Fundamentals of Sports and Physical Exercise Ps.): “It is the scientific study of people and their
behavior in the context of sport and physical activity.” The particular role of the Sports
Psychologist is to intervene in the needs and deficiencies of the athlete or sports team who wish
to optimize their performance for high competition. Referring to C.Nachon and F. Nascimbene:
(Introduction to Ps. of Sports) – Sports psychology is that science dedicated to studying how, why
and under what conditions athletes, coaches and spectators behave the way they do, as well as
investigating the mutual influence between physical activity and participation in Sports and
psychophysical well-being, health and personal development. Sports psychology focuses on
preparing and increasing mental skills such as: concentration, attention, motivation, self-
confidence and communication.

. SPORTS MEDICINE IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE CENTER

8.3.1. SPORTS MEDICINE Sports medicine is a medical specialty that is responsible for studying the
effects and/or results of sports exercise and, in general, physical activity in humans from a
perspective of prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries.

. TYPES OF EVALUATION

 Doping Doping is the intentional or unintentional use of substances taken in abnormal or normal
quantities to increase performance in a competition. Doping is considered a fraud for violating the
rules in a sport and for stealing the rights of athletes clean of substances to participate in a fair
competition, whether it occurs during the event, during training or during team selection or in any
other way. sport phase.

 Sports physiotherapy Sports physiotherapy or sports physiotherapy is a specialization which is

aimed at people who carry out or practice some sporting activity on a regular or constant basis.
The Sports Physiotherapist must have the respective anatomical and physiological knowledge, as
well as the pathomechanical knowledge of sports injuries and on this he will make a diagnosis and
subsequently a correct treatment of exercises and personalized therapeutic tables for each case.
The Physiotherapist has the duty to recover the athlete's functionality as soon as possible,
accelerating injury recovery processes, in some cases limiting training as little as possible and
ensuring that they recover successfully.

 Physiology of effort These tests are scientific-medical support for the training process with the
purpose of optimizing sports performance and ensuring the health status of athletes through
diagnoses.

Biomechanics Sports biomechanics is the study focused on methods of mechanics designed

toward an analysis of the structure and function of the locomotion system of human beings. In
addition, it studies the internal and external forces that act on the body and the effects that occur,
thus creating a need for specialized biomedical equipment. This type of evaluation is based on the
application of physical laws to carry out a maximum study of movements through the use of
technological tools and physiotherapy equipment that allow explaining and recording the
execution of movements, constructing three-dimensional figures that allow obtaining in-depth
analysis. , specific and professional, which at the same time allow increasing sports performance,
preventing injuries and improving the quality of life of athletes.

Anthropometric measures

Anthropometry deals with measurements in the physical dimensions and composition of the
human body at different ages and different degrees of nutrition. The following measurements are
made: o Height o Weight o Thickness of the subcutaneous fold o Arm muscle circumference

8.3.3. THE LESIONS

Common sports injuries are:

8.3.5. NUTRITIONAL ASPECT

The nutritional aspect is applied to all people who carry out or practice any sporting activity.
Depending on the objectives of each athlete and their training, to emphasize their foods. For
example protein foods that help promote energy effort. Sports nutrition is present in the cycles of
sports such as: rest, active phase and recovery. Exercise is said to increase the body's energy and
nutritional needs, which is why diets for men and women vary. Generally, a sports diet for athletes
addresses three important objectives: providing energy, providing material for strengthening and
repairing tissues. There is no general diet, each diet is accompanied by a special demand and
specific nutrition.

PRINCIPLES OF NATIONAL SPORTS POLICY

The principles are the guiding axes of any system since they are the guidelines that guide the
actions of all the actors that are part of the system. In this case, the guiding principles of the
National Sports Policy and SISDEN are: 1. Inclusivity 2. Focus on Results 3. Institutionality 4.
Sustainability

5. Specialty 6. Fair play

Strategic Framework Institutionally, since 2012, the IPD carried out the “Institutional Strategic Plan
2012 – 2015” in order to better promote the practice, not only of amateur sports, but also to take
it to a more professional and competitive level. This strategy responds to the State Policies of the
National Agreement. Within this IPD Strategic Plan, the vision of the IPD for these years is
established: “That Peruvian society is a leader at the Latin American level in competitive sports
and the mass practice of sports.” This makes it clear to us the IPD's interest in improving
competitive sports and the massification of sports mainly in two aspects. Also in this same
document, the Peruvian Sports Institute assumes the main responsibility for what was previously
established in the following mission, “We are the governing body of the National Sports System;
promoter, facilitator, articulator of the development of sport in the country...". To achieve the
proposed objectives, the IPD established a pyramidal sport development strategy because sport is
based on competitiveness where only those with the best performance continue to climb,
however to avoid an absence of population at different levels sports seeks to massify and obtain
the greatest number of talents possible. As described in the following IPD graph.

The IPD, based on what was said above, plans to carry out everything proposed in the plan and
focus all its interest on two points: The Massification of Sports and Competitive Sports.

A. Massification of Sport Taking first the Massification of Sport, the IPD has proposed a
general strategic objective:

 “Increase the population's participation in sports and recreational physical activities to

improve their quality of life.” Taking this strategic objective mentioned above, the following
specific objectives of the Institutional Strategic Plan 2012-2015 are broken down.

 “Develop incentive programs for highly competitive athletes”

 “Implement a national strategy to attract sports talent.”

 “Develop athlete preparation programs, in accordance with international standards.”

B. Competitive Sports In this point of Competitive Sports, the IPD shows great interest in
improving the level of training and participation in international sports competitions and
for this it has also proposed a general strategic objective:

 “Increase the number of classified and high-level athletes.”