Aops Community 2024 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad

AoPS Community 2024 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad
IX Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3780556
by Tintarn, a 507 bc
– Juniors
– Day 1
1 Balls of 3 colours — red, blue and white — are placed in two boxes. If you take out 3 balls from
the first box, there would definitely be a blue one among them. If you take out 4 balls from the
second box, there would definitely be a red one among them. If you take out any 5 balls (only
from the first, only from the second, or from two boxes at the same time), then there would
definitely be a white ball among them. Find the greatest possible total number of balls in two
boxes.
2 The rhombuses ABDK and CBEL are arranged so that B lies on the segment AC and E lies
on the segment BD. Point M is the midpoint of KL. Prove that ∠DM E = 90◦ .
3 Given 10 positive integers with a sum equal to 1000. The product of their factorials is a 10-th
power of an integer. Prove that all these numbers are equal.
4 Given a set P of n > 100 points on the plane such that no three of them are collinear, and a set
S of 20n distinct segments, each joining a pair of points from P . Prove that there exists a line
not passing through a point from P and intersecting at least 200 segments from S.
– Day 2
5 Alex calculated the value of function f (n) = n2 + n + 1 for each integer from 1 to 100. Marina
calculated the value of function g(n) = n2 − n + 1 for the same numbers. Who of them has
greater product of values and what is
their ratio?
6 The integers from 1 to 320000 are placed in the cells of a 8×40000 board. Prove that it is possible
to permute the rows of the table so that the numbers in each column will not be sorted from the
top to the bottom in increasing order.
7 The positive numbers a1 , a2 , . . . , a2024 are placed on a circle clockwise in this order. Let Ai be
the arithmetic mean of the number ai and one or several following it clockwise. Prove that the
largest of the numbers A1 , A2 , . . . , A2024 is not less than the arithmetic mean of all numbers
a1 , a2 , . . . , a2024 .
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8 There are two equal circles of radius 1 placed inside the triangle ABC with side BC = 6. The
circles are tangent to each other, one is inscribed in angle B, the other one is inscribed in angle
C.
(a) Prove that the centroid M of the triangle ABC does not lie inside any of the given circles.
(b) Prove that if M lies on one of the circles, then the triangle ABC is isosceles.
– Seniors
– Day 1
1 Let a, b, c, d be positive real numbers. It is given that at least one of the following two conditions
holds:
c d a b
ab > min( , ), cd > min( , ).
d c b a
Show that at least one of the following two conditions holds:
c a d b
bd > min( , ), ca > min( , ).
a c b d
2 In an acute-angled triangle ABC let BL be the bisector, and let BK be the altitude. Let the
lines BL and BK meet the circumcircle of ABC again at W and T , respectively. Given that
BC = BW , prove that T L ⊥ BC.
3 Let n be a d-digit (i.e., having d digits in its decimal representation) positive integer not divisible
by 10. Writing all the digits of n in reverse order, we obtain the number n′ . Determine if it is
possible that the decimal
representation of the product n · n′ consists of digits 8 only, if (a) d = 9998; (b) d = 9999?
4 Yasha writes in the cells of the table 99 × 99 all positive integers from 1 to 992 (each number
once). Grisha looks at the table and selects several cells, among which there are no two cells
sharing a common side, and then sums up the numbers in all selected cells. Find the largest
sum Grisha can guarantee to achieve.
– Day 2
5 Let a, b, c be reals and consider three lines y = ax + b, y = bx + c, y = cx + a. Two of these lines

meet at a point with x-coordinate 1. Show that the third one passes through a point with two
integer coordinates.
6 Given is a permutation of 1, 2, . . . , 2023, 2024 and two positive integers a, b, such that for any two
adjacent numbers, at least one of the following conditions hold:

1) their sum is a;
2) the absolute value of their difference is b.
Find all possible values of b.
7 Find the largest positive integer n, such that there exists a finite set A of n reals, such that for any
two distinct elements of A, there exists another element from A, so that the arithmetic mean of
two of these three elements equals the third one.
8 Let ABC be an acute triangle and let X be a variable point on AC. The incircle of △ABX touches
AX, BX at K, P , respectively. The incircle of △BCX touches CX, BX at L, Q, respectively. Find
the locus of KP ∩ LQ.

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AoPS Community 2024 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad

IX Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 1

5 Let a, b, c be reals and consider three lines y = ax + b, y = bx + c, y = cx + a. Two of these lines

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© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 3

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