SO SÁNH VỚI TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ

I. Tính từ và trạng từ ngắn/ dài

1. Tính từ ngắn và tính từ dài:
Tính từ ngắn gồm:
 Tính từ có một âm tiết. Ví dụ: bad, short, good,….
 Tính từ có hai âm tiết kết thúc bằng –y, –le,–ow, –er, et. Ví dụ: sweet, clever,…
 Các tính từ có từ ba âm tiết trở lên được gọi là tính từ dài. Ví dụ: beautiful, intelligent,
expensive,…

2. Trạng từ ngắn và trạng từ dài:

 Trạng từ ngắn là trạng từ có một âm tiết. Ví dụ: far, fast, hard, near, right, wrong,…
 Trạng từ dài là trạng từ có hai âm tiết trở lên. Ví dụ: beautifully, quickly, kindly,…

3. Cách chuyển đổi từ loại trong tiếng Anh đầu tiên đó là chuyển đổi từ tính từ sang
trạng từ:
 Công thức chung: Tính từ + “ly” = Trạng từ
 Một số cụm từ vừa là tính từ, vừa là trạng từ: late, long, low, near, right, deep, early,
fast, hard, high, late, long, low, near, right, straight.

II. Cấu trúc so sánh hơn

Cấu trúc: Ví dụ:
Với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn:  Jennie’s grades are higher than her sister’s.
 Today is colder than yesterday.
S + V + Adj/Adv + “er” + than  My girlfriend came later than me.
 Lindy is shorter than her younger sister.
 My ruler is longer than yours.

Với tính từ và trạng từ dài:  This hat is more expensive than the others.
 My father drives more carefully than my
S + V + more + Adj/Adv + than brother
 He is a more professional soccer than me.
 He speaks Korean more fluently than his
friend.

Lưu ý: Có thể thêm far hoặc much trước cụm từ so sánh để nhấn mạnh.
Ví dụ: Mike’s phone is much/far more expensive than mine.
 III. Cấu trúc so sánh nhất
Cấu trúc: Ví dụ:
Với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn:  My brother is the tallest in our family.
 Sunday is the coldest day of the month so far.
S + V + the Adj/Adv + “est”  He runs the fastest in my city.
 Linda is the youngest person in my office.
 My house is the highest one in my
neighborhood.

Với tính từ và trạng từ dài:  Lisa is the most careful person I ever have
known.
S + V + the most Adj/Adv  Of all the students, she does the most quickly.
 This is the most difficult case we have ever
encountered.
 Linda is the most intelligent student in my
class.

Lưu ý: Có thể thêm “very” trước cụm từ so sánh để mang ý nghĩa nhấn mạnh.
Ví dụ: Here is the very latest news about the accident

IV. Cấu trúc so sánh bằng

Cấu trúc: Ví dụ:
Với tính từ và trạng từ:  I’m as good in Maths as in science.
 Harry sings as beautifully as a singer.
S + V + as/so + Adj/ Adv + as  Her car runs as fast as a race car.
 This dress is as expensive as yours.
 This picture is as colorful as the one I have
ever seen.

Với danh từ:  She takes the same course as her colleague.
 She speaks the same language as her father.
S + V + the same + Noun + as  I wore the same dress as my sister at her
birthday party.
 Timmy has the same height as Tom.

Lưu ý: Trái nghĩa với với the Their car is different from our car
same…as là different from.

V. Một số tính từ và trạng từ đặc biệt trong câu so sánh:

Nghĩa So sánh hơn So sánh hơn nhất

good/well Tốt better best

bad/badly Xấu, tệ worse worst

little Ít less least

many/much Nhiều more most

far Xa further farther furthest/farthest

EXERCISE 1: Khoanh tròn vào đáp án đúng:
1.Living in this small town is (more peaceful/ more peacefully) than I expected.
2.Nowadays people are (more anxious/ anxiouser) about pollution than before.
3.Today you look ( happier/ more happy) than usual.
4.This year I will move to a (bigger/ biggest) city.
5.This experience is (more exciting/ most exciting) than I expected.
6. Who is (more intelligent/ most intelligent) between two of them.
7. This song is (catcher/ more catchy) than that song.
8. The new sofa is (costlier/ more costly) than the old one
9.Our family will move to a (more comfortable/ more comfortable than) place next year.
10. I hope you will get (best/ better) the next time I see you.
11.James has (many/ more) books than Paul.
12.She is (more independent/ most independent) than the last time I saw her.
13. Today my sister is (more quiet/ quieter) than usual.
14.Jane is(more pretty/ prettier) than Ann.
15.The weather is (hotter/ hottest) than yesterday.

EXERCISE 2 :Hoàn thành các câu sau với dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ/trạng từ trong
ngoặc:
1.Living in the city is________than living in the country(convenient).
2.Mrs.Smith is_________than I thought.(young).
3.Houses in big cities are much_________than those in my hometown(tall).
4.No one in my class is_________than Jim (smart).
5. The senior prom would be_________than any other proms(exciting).
6. I have__________courage than my brother(little).
7. His health condition is getting__________(bad).
8.You are_________than you think(clever).
9.This computer is much_________than mine(expensive)
10.I always dream of a__________house to live in(modern).
11.They are__________than they used to be(skillful).
12.Life in this village is_________than anywhere else.(peaceful).
13.I think people in the countryside are________than city dwellers.(friendly)
14.This year, the prize for the winner is______than last year.(valuable)
15.Which dress is__________for me?(suitable)
16.You should be__________and show your best.(confident).
17.They said that the conference was________than usual(interesting).
18.Jane is so pretty but her sister is even__________(pretty).
19.They work hard to have________life(good).
20.John is__________than the rest of the class.(intelligent)
21. He arrived ___________________ than expected. (early)
22. We walked ___________________ than the rest of the people. (slowly)
23. They called us ___________________ in the afternoon. (late)
24. My mother and my sister talked ___________________ than the other guests. (loudly)
25. He hit his arm ___________________ than before. (hard)
26. The Spanish athlete ran ___________________ than the other runners. (fast)
27. Jim threw the ball ___________________ than Peter. (far)
28. We answered all the questions ___________________ than the other students. (well)
29. Our new teacher explains the exercises ___________________ than our old teacher. (badly)
30. The new mechanic checked the car ___________________ than the old mechanic.
(thoroughly)

EXERCISE 3: Sử dụng cấu trúc ‘so sánh hơn’ và ‘so sánh bằng’ viết lại các câu dưới
1. Julia/ tall/ her friend.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2. A banana/ not sweet/ an apple.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
3. A fish/ not big/ a elephant.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
4. This dress/ pretty/ that one.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
5. the weather/ not hot/ yesterday.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
6. A rose/ beautiful/ a weed.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
7. A cat/ intelligent/ a chicken.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
8. Hung/ friendly/ Minh.
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

EXERCISE 3: Hoàn thành các câu sau với dạng so sánh hơn của các trạng từ trong ngoặc:
1.I speak English__________now than last year.(fluently).
2.They smiled________than before(happily).
3.Tom arrived_________than I expected(early).
4.We will meet ________in the afternoon(late).
5.Mary dances__________than anyone else(gracefully)
6.Could you speak_________?(loud)
7.Jim could do the tast_________Jane(well).
8.We walked_______than other people(slowly).
9.Planes can fly__________than birds(high).
10.I can throw the ball__________than anyone else in my team(far).
11.James drives_______than his wife(carefully).
12.I visit my grandmother_______than my brother.(often)
13.No one can run_______than John(fast).
14.My sister cooks________than I(badly).
15. Everyone in the company is working________than ever before(hard).

EXERCISE 4: Hãy điền dạng đúng của từ vào chỗ trống sao cho phù hợp với ngữ cảnh của
câu văn
1. Mom’s watch is … than mine. (expensive)
2. She lives in a … villa than I do. (beautiful)
3. She is the … tennis player of Australia. (good)
4. This luggage is … than mine. (heavy)
5. He runs … than his sister. (quick)
6. Layla is … than Henry but Sophia is the … (tall/tall)
7. Kai reads … books than Daniel but Tom reads the … (many/many)
8. France is as … as London. (beautiful)
9. My brother is three years … than me. (young)
10. This was the … movie I have ever seen. (bad)
11. I speak France … now than two years ago. (fluent)
12. Could you write…? (clear)
13. Cameroon can run … than John. (fast)
14. Our team played … of all. (bad)
15. He worked … than ever before. (hard)

EXERCISE 5: Hoàn thành các câu dưới đây, sử dụng câu trúc so sánh ngang bằng và tính
từ trong ngoặc.
1. I am not______________ you. (tall)
2. This book is not______________ that one. (interesting)
3. This summer is______________ last summer. (hot)
4. Yesterday it was______________ today. (sunny)
5. I think that my essay is______________ yours. (good)
6. My dog isn't______________ it appears to be. (fierce)
7. Children nowadays are not______________ they used to be. (active)
8. Watching movie is not______________ reading book. (entertaining)
9. Jane is______________ as a doll. (pretty)
10. Cats are not______________ dogs. (friendly)
11. My brother said that going abroad was not______________ he thought. (amusing)
12. She didn't want to be late, so she run______________ she could. (fast)
13. Please call me______________ possible. (soon)
14. Sleeping on the sofa is not______________ in bed. (comfortable)
15. This hotel is______________ the one near the beach but it is much better. (expensive)
EXERCISE 6: Hoàn thành các câu dưới đây, sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh "the same ... as" và
danh từ trong ngoặc.
1. My sister has______________ me. (height)
2. Jim pursues ______________ Jane, (hobby)
3. My best friend is at______________ me. (age)
4. My friends went to see______________ me (movie).
5. This musician plays______________ me. (musical instrument)
6. Critics say that this painter has______________ with that one. (style)
7. My brother is interested in ______________ me. (subject)
8. This class has ______________ that one. (number of students)
9. Anne bought______________ me yesterday. (dress)
10. She cut her hair______________ mine. (length)
11. My best friend likes______________ my brother. (books)
12. I bought my car at______________ hers. (price)
13. My mother likes ______________ me. (TV programs)
14. He had ______________ a famous actor. (appearance)
15. He puts on ______________ usual. (old coat).

EXERCISE 7: Gạch chân lỗi sai trong các câu sau và viết lại câu đúng.
1. My boyfriend is as strong like a horse.
2. This exercises isn't hard as I thought.
3. Life in foreign countries is different life in home country.
4. My parents share the same hobby as.
5. His cat isn't the same pretty as mine.
6. This art museum is definitely different as the historical museum.
7. Roses don't have the same fragrance like lotuses.
8. My essay is as length as yours.
9. This island isn't as beautiful than those I have visited.
10. My mother is different appearance from me.
11.Their life has been more comfortably since they moved to the city.
12.She looks more pretty in this white dress.
13.The manager wants us to work more hardly.
14.This week you looks more healthily than last week.
15.Everyone in my town is looking for more better crop this year.
16.Jim runs more fastly than his friends.
17.I think a settle life is more better than a nomadic life.
18.Today Jim performs less confident than usual.
19.The heavy rain makes it more difficultly to drive.
20.Their team preformed much more well than our team.

EXERCISE 8: Sắp xếp những từ cho sẵn thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
1. difficult/ as/ Playing/ is/ piano/ guitar/ playing/ as.
__________________________________________________________________.
2. horse/ run/ a/ Can/ fast/ as/ a/ as/ train?
__________________________________________________________________.
3. try/ as/can/ you/ hard/ as/ should/ You.
__________________________________________________________________.
4. Tom's/ totally/ is/ from/ My/ writing style/ different.
__________________________________________________________________.
5. car/ same/ runs/ the/ speed/ at/ His/ mine/ as.
__________________________________________________________________.
6. I/ went/ My/ school/ friend/ same/ the/ best/ and/ to.
__________________________________________________________________.
7. good/This/ fridge/ modern/ isn't/ as/ my/ one/ as/ old.
__________________________________________________________________.
8. Spending time/ isn't/ with/ as/computer/ as/ friends/ entertaining/ on/ spending time.
__________________________________________________________________.

EXERCISE 9: Viết lại các câu dưới đây:

0.This exercise is easier than that one.
→That exercise is more difficult than that one.
1.Mr Smith is wealthier than Mr.Brown.
→Mr Brown___________________________________
2.My house is smaller than my parent’s house.
→My parent’s house____________________________
3.The black dress is more expensive than the red one.
→The red dress _____________________________
4.Today it is colder than yesterday.
→Yesterday______________________________
5.I don’t think you are taller than me.
→I don’t think I_________________________________
6.Is Jim worse at Math than John?
→Is John______________________________________
7. Jim looks much younger than his classmates.
→Jim’s classmates____________________________
8.Your hair is longer than mine.
→My hair_________________________

EXERCISE 10: Viết lại các câu dưới đây:

1. My house is small and old. Your house is spacious and modern.
→ My house is _________________________________________________
2. My mother's favorite food is noodle. My favorite food is rice.
→ My mother's favorite food ___________________________________
3. My best friend has a powerful personality. I have a weak personality.
→ My best friend's personality ___________________________________
4. Life in the countryside is quiet and peaceful. Life in the city is exciting.
→___________________________________________________________.
5. Lan's school is Hai Ba Trung School. Hue goes to Nguyen Hue School.
→____________________________________________________________.
6. My hobby is collecting stamps. My brother's hobby is playing the piano.
→______________________________________________________.
7. My answer for this equation is "4" but Tom thinks it should be "5".
→__________________________________________________________.
8. My sister's hair is long and wavy. My hair is short and straight
→_________________________________________________________________