ANSWER KEY—1

PHYSICAL EDUCATION (048)

Time : 3 hrs. Max Marks : 70

SECTION— A
1. (c) Planning
2. (c) iodine
3. (d) All of the above
4. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
5. (d) (i) - 3, (ii) - 1, (iii) - 2, (iv) - 4
6. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
7. (a) Patanjali
8. (d) Attention Deficit Disorder
9. (a) Carbohydrates
10. (b) five
11. (c) Staffing
12. (a) 2010
13. (a) Kyphosis
14. (d) Vajrasana
15. (a) Chicago
16. (a) Phosphorus
17. (d) All of the above
18. (a) Bhujangasana
SECTION—B
19. The five basic functions of management include planning, organising, staffing, directing and
controlling.
20. Knock Knee is a postural deformity in which the legs are bent inward and knees strike each other
while walking or running. In knock knees, the knees join together while there is wide gap between
the ankle varying directly with the degree of deformity.
21. Back pain is a pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or
other structures in the spine. Back pain includes lower back pain, middle back pain, upper back
pain or low back pain with sciatica.
22. According to WHO, “Disabilities is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations,
and participation restrictions. An impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity
limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a
participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations.”
23. A balanced diet may be defined as that diet which contains all the nutrients in the correct amount
as required by the body. In other words, “A diet which consists of all the essential food elements
e.g. proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats, minerals and water in correct proportion is called
balanced diet.”
24. In single league tournament every team plays with every other team once. The total number of
n(n –1)
matches is determined by using the formula , where ‘n’ refers to the total number of
2
teams.
Example : If 8 teams are taking part, then total number of matches to be played
n(n –1) 8(8 –1) 8(7) 56
= = = = 28
2 2 2 2
SECTION—C
25. The responsibilities of accreditation, technical and finance committee are as follows :
Accreditation Committee :
Pre-Sports Event : Setting accreditation standards, evaluating applications, conducting site visits
for compliance checks, and offering guidance to aspiring entities.
During the Sports Event : Adherence to standards, addresses issues promptly, and continues to
support accredited entities as needed.
After the Sports Event : Review reports, assesses performance, conducts follow-up assessments,
and makes accreditation decisions accordingly.
Technical Committee :
Pre-Sports Event : Equipment procurement, venue selection and preparation, and coordination of
technical requirements.
During Sports Event : Ensuring technical operations run smoothly, troubleshooting technical issues,
and coordinating equipment setup and maintenance.
After Sports Event : Conducting post-event evaluations of technical performance, analysing data
and feedback, and making recommendations for improvements in technical aspects for future
events.
Finance Committee :
Pre-Sports Event : Creating budgets, fundraising and contract negotiation.
During Sports Event : Financial oversight, cash management and revenue collection.
After Sports Event : Financial reporting, auditing and settlement of accounts.
26. Kyphosis : Kyphosis is a forward rounding of upper back. Some rounding is normal but the term
“Kyphosis” usually refers to an exaggerated rounding, more than 50 degrees. This disformity is also
known as Hunch back or round upper back.
Lordosis : Lordosis is a postural deformity in which the lumbar spine bends in front beyond the
normal level. Thus, abdomen is ahead of body and shoulders come outward and sideward.
27. (For explanation See Text Book Page No. 81-82).
28. Special Olympics believes that :
1. Focus on holistic development and training that goes beyond the classrooms into the playing
fields, cultural and community centres, to motivate children with disabilities to join and remain
in school.
2. Create role models who will inspire the children and also motivate parents into sending their
children to school and to participate in sports and other extra-curricular activities.
3. Train teachers to sensitise them to the needs of special children, and create a cadre of
physical education teachers from among the disabled who can work with schools and
community centres.
 4. Ensure maximum involvement of community for greater public understanding and acceptance
of people with intellectual disabilities; most of our activities are run by local volunteers.
5. Ensure all Special Olympics activities; local, state, national and international reflect the Olympic
movement values, standards, ceremonies and events.
29. (For Explanation See Textbook Page No. 134-135, Functions of Balanced Diet / Importance of
Balanced Diet and Nutrition for Body)
30. (For explanation See Text Book Page No. 81).
SECTION—D
31. (a) Bow legs (b) Bow legs (c) Knock knees (d) Knock knees Or Padmasana
32. (a) Knockout (b) N-1 (c) eliminated (d) bye
33. (a) reduce (b) tube (c) sitting (d) high blood pressure Or not

SECTION—E
34. Knock-out tournament : In this type of tournament, a team once defeated gets eliminated. Only
the winners continue in the competition. It is a fast method to know about the winner team in the
tournament. To draw the fixtures the names of the teams are written on same size slips of paper,
placed in some receptacle, then drawn out and recorded in the order drawn. Each pair then plays in
order of selection and this continues till a final winner is arrived at. To know more about knock-out
tournament, we must know about seeding and bye.
Different types of knock-out tournaments are as follows :
(i) Single knock-out tournament : In this tournament, every team losing once is eliminated. No
second chance is given. Number of matches = n–1. Good team once lost cannot make a
come back. It is less expensive.
(ii) Consolation Tournament : It provides a chance to the defeated teams to play again and
show their skill performance and win subsidiary honours. We know the fact that in single
knock out tournament a good team may get itself eliminated by chance or by other reason
it does not have another chance to show its real worth therefore consolation tournaments
are suggested.
Type I : In this type of tournament all the teams that were defeated in the first match play
among themselves in the consolation tournament.
Type II : In this type of tournament every loser of the regular round is given opportunity to play
in the consolation round to win the subsidiary honour.
(iii) Double knock-out tournament : This tournament is an extension of the consolation
tournament type IInd i.e the winner of the regular tournament will have to play with
consolation winner to decide the true winner.
Every team losing twice except the winner is eliminated. Every losing team gets a second chance.
Number of matches = 2(n–1). Good team once lost can make a come back. It is expensive.
Knock-out fixture for 21 teams :
Example
Fixture for 21 teams : Number of teams = 21
Number of matches = n – 1
= 21 – 1 = 20
Number of rounds = Nearest Next power of 2 to 21
= (2)5 = 5 rounds
 Number of teams in each quarter = n/4 = 21/4 = Q = 5, R = 1
Number of teams in quarter 1 = 5+1=6
Number of teams in quarter 2 = 5
Number of teams in quarter 3 = 5
Number of teams in quarter 4 = 5
Number of byes = Next power of 2–Number of teams
= 32–21 = 11

nb – 1 11 – 1 10
Number of byes in upper half = = = =5
2 2 2

nb +1 11+1 12
Number of byes in lower half = = = =6
2 2 2

35. Corrective measures for flat foot : (i) Raise the body slowly on the heels. While standing, body
balances on toes where as hands and head are raised up. Come back in normal position. Repeat
this exercise 10 times.
(ii) Walk bare footed over the sand.
(iii) Run bare footed over clean surface.
(iv) Jumping on toes regularly.
(v) Perform rope skipping regularly.
 (vi) Walk on the toes.
Corrective Measures for Knock Knee
(i) Horse riding.
(ii) Walking callipers may also be used.
(iii) Padmasana : It is sitting with crossed legs in such a way that feet should touch the opposite
hip while hands are on the knees and back is straight.
(iv) Perform Gomukhasana.
(v) Outward Walking : In this person tries to walk over the outer edges of foot while the inner
part of sole is raised up.
(vi) Keep a pillow between the knees and stand erect for some time.
(vii) Walking along a straight line with knees facing outwards.
36. For explanation see Textbook Page No. 93-95, Topic 3.5 (Back Pain and Arthritis : Procedure, Benefits
and Contraindications of Tadasana, Urdhawa hastottanasana, Ardha-Chakrasana, Ushtrasana,
Vakrasana, Sarala Matsyendrasana, Bhujangasana, Gomukhasana, Bhadrasana, Makarasana, Nadi-
Shodhana Pranayama)
37. (For explanation see Textbook Page No. 110-111, Topic 4.1.3, Deaflympics)
 ANSWER KEY—2
PHYSICAL EDUCATION (048)
CLASS—XII

Time : 3 hrs. Max Marks : 70

SECTION—A
1. (c) Planning
2. (b) Food Intolerance
3. (d) All of the above
4. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
5. (a) (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-4, (iv)-2
6. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
7. (c) sitting in a comfortable position
8. (d) 3rd December
9. (d) Vitamin D
10. (a) Knockout tournament
11. (c) Marketing
12. (a) Primary amenorrhea
13. (d) Flat foot
14. (d) high blood pressure in blood vessels
15. (c) Mumbai
16. (b) Chemical
17. (b) Hunch Back
18. (a) Pawanmuktasana

SECTION—B
19. Combination tournaments are conducted when there are large number of teams. These teams are
arranged into groups and zones. The winner teams of the groups or zones play together to determine
the final winner.
20. Kyphosis is rounding of upper back. Some rounding is normal but the term “Kyphosis” usually
refers to an exaggerated rounding, more than 50 degrees. This disformity is also known as Hunch
Back or round upper back.
21. Benefits :
1. This asana helps in increasing digestive power.
2. It helps to deal constipation by stimulating the abdominal region.
22. The Special Olympics program came to India in 1988 with the formation of Special Olympics India
in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
23. There are two main dietary sources of proteins :
(a) Animal Sources : It consists of meat, fish, egg, milk, cheese etc.
(b) Plant Sources : It consists of pulses, cereals, nuts, beans, peas etc.
24. It is an intellectual process of thinking in advance about setting of goals and developing strategies
which are required to attain the goal efficiently in the field of sports.
It means deciding the future course of action and developing strategies to attain the goals efficiently
in the field of sports.

SECTION—C
25. To plan for an Intramural tournament, firstly committees should be based on three levels of
management – top, middle and lower levels. Members of the governing body or the Principal will
form the top level of management. They will prepare policies or aims and objectives of the sports
event. Middle level of management will consist of department heads, physical education teachers
etc, to execute policies and achieve aims and objectives. The lower level of management consists of
teachers, administrators, finance officers, students etc. They will implement the orders and directives
of the top level.
To organise sports tournament in a smooth way, different committees will be responsibilities which
can be classified into pre-tournament responsibilities, during tournament responsibilities and post-
tournament responsibilities.
The problems that may occur while planning for the tournament are as follows :
1. Finding suitable volunteers : Success of an Intramural tournament depends on finding suitable
volunteers who can perform their duties in various roles and committees.
2. Problem related to Finance : While planning for a tournament, finance is the foremost
requirement as any tournament requires money.
Solutions :
1. Delegation of roles and duties and keeping a check on committees will help reduce the chances
of mistakes and better coordination.
2. Finance related issues can be solved by creating a budget and deciding in advance the money
required for various tasks.
26. Signs and Symptoms of Female Athlete Triad :
1. General weakness, fatigue and disordered eating.
2. Cold intolerance, dry skin, dehydration.
3. Noticeable weight loss, cessation of menstrual cycle.
4. Increased incidence of stress fractures and extended healing time from injuries.
5. Affected females may also struggle with low self-esteem, withdrawal and possibly depression.
27. Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Obesity is a
medical condition when the body of a person contains 20% or more fat as compared to ideal weight.
Causes of Obesity : (For explanation See Text Book Page No. 73-74)
28. The logo, designed in 2003 by graphic design artist Ralph Fernandez, is a positive and powerful
symbol of the international deaf sports community. It ties together strong elements : Sign language,
deaf and international cultures, unity and continuity.
The hand shapes, “ok”, “good” and “great” that overlap each other in a circle, represent the original
sign for “Deaflympics”. Together, the hand shapes represent the sign for “united”.
The center of the logo represents the iris of the eye, which defines deaf people as visual people;
they must use their eyes to communicate.
The logo incorporates the four colors of the national flags of the world. The red, blue, yellow and
green represent the four regional confederations – the Asia Pacific Deaf Sports Confederation, the
 European Deaf Sports Organization, the Pan American Deaf Sports Organization and the
Confederation of African Deaf Sports.
29. The causes of food intolerance are :
1. Absence of an enzyme : Enzymes are necessary to digest food properly. If some enzymes are
missing, or not enough, it can cause food intolerance. Lactose intolerance is an example of
this, where people don’t have enough lactase enzyme, which breaks down milk sugar into
smaller molecules. This causes them to be intolerant to milk and milk products, leading to
symptoms such as stomach-ache, bloating, gas and diarrhoea.
2. Chemical causes : Some chemicals in foods and drinks can cause intolerance in some people,
such as amines in certain cheeses and caffeine in coffee, tea and chocolates. These chemicals
can affect some people more than others. When someone is intolerant to a particular chemical,
their body may react in different ways, causing symptoms such as headaches, stomach upset,
or skin rashes. It’s essential to know which chemicals in food or drinks cause intolerance in your
body to avoid consuming them and prevent symptoms.
3. Toxins present in foods : Certain foods contain natural chemicals that can be harmful to humans
and cause food poisoning, resulting in symptoms such as diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting. For
example, peanuts and undercooked beans contain aflatoxins, which can cause severe digestive
issues. It is essential to handle and prepare food correctly to prevent food poisoning and ensure
safe consumption.
30. Back pain can come on suddenly and last less than six weeks (acute), which may be caused by a fall
or heavy lifting. Back pain that lasts more than three months (chronic) is less common than acute
pain. Main causes of back pain are :
1. Muscle or ligament strain : Repeated heavy lifting or a sudden awkward movement may
strain back muscles and spinal ligaments. If you’re in poor physical condition, constant strain
on your back may cause painful muscle spasms.
2. Bulging or ruptured Discs : Discs act as cushions between the bones (vertebrae) in your
spine. The soft material inside a disc can bulge or rupture and press on a nerve. However, you
can have a bulging or ruptured disk without back pain. Disc disease is often found incidentally
when you undergo spine X-rays for some other reason.
3. Arthritis : Osteoarthritis can affect the lower back. In some cases arthritis in the spine can
lead to a narrowing of the space around the spinal cord, a condition called spinal stenosis.
4. Skeletal irregularities : Back pain can occur if your spine curves abnormally. Scoliosis, a
condition in which your spine curves to the side, also may lead to back pain, but generally
only if the scoliosis is severe.
5. Osteoporosis : Your spine’s vertebrae can develop compression fractures if your bones become
porous and brittle.

SECTION—D
31. (a) Logistics (b) marketing (c) Finance (d) Pre event Or during tournament
32. (a) beside or alongside (b) 22 September, 1989 (c) global governing body (d) ten
33. (a) Lactose intolerance (b) Amines (c) Aflatoxins (d) Gluten Or Food additives

SECTION—E
34. Combination tournament : Combination tournaments are conducted when there are large number
of teams. These teams are arranged into groups and zones. The winner teams of the groups or
 zones play together to determine the final winner. For example, in case of national level competition,
it becomes difficult for all the state teams to reach at one place for tournament. To avoid such type
of difficulty, zones can be made and a tournament can be organised at a central place in each zone.
After that, winner of each zone can participate at national level. Depending upon the number of
teams in each zone and the availability of time, the tournament can be organised on the basis of
knock-out or league and after that at national level the tournament can also be conducted either
on knock-out or league basis.
A fixture of 16 teams using Knock-out cum League Method :
16 teams are divided into 4 groups with 4 teams in each group.
Knock out Tournament :
1 2 5 5
2 6 7 Winner
4 Winner
3 7
4 4 8 7

9 10 13 13
10 14 13 Winner
12 Winner
11 15
12 12 16 16
League Tournament
n(n - 1) 4 × 3
Inter Group Tournament on League Basis (Staircase Method) No of matches = = =6
2 2

Fixture : 4—7
4 — 12 7 — 12 Winner
4 — 13 7 — 13 12 — 13
35. [For explanation see Textbook Page No. 47, 51-52 (Causes and Corrective Measures of Knock knee
and Scoliosis)].
36. (For explanation see Textbook Page No. 86-89, Topic 3.3 Asthma : Procedure, Benefits and
Contraindications for Tadasana, Urdhwa Hastottanasana, Uttan Mandukasana, Bhujangasana,
Dhanurasana, Ushtrasana, Vakrasana, Kapalabhati, Gomukhasana, Matsyasana, Anuloma-Viloma)
37. (For explanation see Textbook Page No. 118-119, Topic 4.5, Strategies to make Physical Activities
Accessible for Children with Special Needs)