BOOST CONVER+ER USING ARDUINO

A Main Project Phase-I|

Thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for award of the

degree
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELELTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by
C. SUPRIYA (20095A0235)
D. NAGESWARARAO (20095A0221)
D. SOMASEKHAR REDDY (19091A0269)

Under the Guidance of

Mr. G. KUMARA SWAMY, M. Tech, (Ph.D.)

Associate Professor, Dept. of E.E.E

EOUCATION FORPPEACE

(ESTD-1995)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

RAJEEV GANDHI MEMORIAL ÇOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING&
TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUSs)
(Affliated to JNTUA- Anantapuramu, Approved by AICTE-New Delhi,
Accredited by NBA-New Delhi, Accredited by NAAC of UGC with 'A+" Grade)
2022-2023
 BOOST CONVERTER LUSING ARDUINO

AMain Project Phase-II Thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements

for awardof the degree
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by
C.SUPRIYA (20095A0235)
D. NAGESWARARAO (20095A0221)
D. SOMA SEKHARREDDY (19091A 0269)
Under the Guidan ce of
Mr. G. KUMARA SWAMY, M. Tech, (Ph.D.)
Associate Professor, Dept. of E.E.E

EDUCAToN FORPEACE

(ESTD-1995)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ANDELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
RAJEEV GANDHI MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
(Amliated to JNTUA- Anantapuramu, Approved by AlICTE-New Delhi,
Accredited by NBA-New Delhi,
Accredited by NAAC of UGC with A+ Grade)
2022-2023
RAJEEV GANDHIMEMORLAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOL0GY
(AUTONOMOUS)
(Affliated to JNTUA- Anantapuramu, Approved by AICTE-New Delhi, Aceredited by NBA
New Delhi, Aecredited by NAAC of UGC with 'A+' Grade)

EDUCATION FORPEACE

(ESTD-1995)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the thesis titled BOOST CONVERTER USING ARDUINO" is
the bonafide work of C.SUPRIYA(20095A0235),D.NAGESWARARAO(20095A0221)
D.SOMA SEKHAR REDDY (19091A0269), who carried out the main project phase-II
for the fulfilment of the award of Bachelor of Technology in Electrical and
Electronies Engineering, Rajeev Gandhi Memorial college of Engineering &
Technology(Autonomous) during 2022-23. The results embodied in this project
work have not been submitted to any other university or institute for the award of
any degree.

Signgturpf HOD SignatGuiie

Dr.V. NágáBhaskar Reddy rh.n. Mr. G. KUMARA SWAMY, M.Tech, (Ph.D.)
Professor and Head Associate Professor
Dept. of EEE,RGMCET Dept. of EEE, RGMCET

J
Signature ot Eternal Examiner:
Date:
oylurl!
 ABSTRACT

As the size, utility and complexity of today’s most modern electronic

devices increases, new techniques must be developed to effectively power them up
and create very useful devices quickly through software interfacing. The purpose of
this project is to model a boost converter which is used to step-up DC voltages. The
pulses given to power switches by PW technique are generated by utilizing Arduino
package which is a single- board microcontroller whose hardware has a simple open-
source hardware board The software has a standard programming language compiler
and a boost loader that executes on the microcontroller. The programming is done
using C language.
This package reduces the complexity of generating PWM triggering
signals. Depending on the application, effective feedback system is implemented to get
the desired DC voltages rather than going for conventional methods. Though we have
the simplest way to regulate the dc supply voltage with a linear regulator, they have
less efficiency regarding power consumption and limited applications. The DC
converters which use Arduino with appropriate feedback have high efficiency(95%)

i
 List of Contents

CONTENTS
Page No.

Abstract i
List of Figures ii
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Hardware components 3
1.3 Software 3

CHAPTER-2 DESCRIPTION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM

2.1 Circuit diagram 5
2.2 Arduino Nano 6
2.3 MT3608 7
2.4 Light Emitting Diode 8
2.5 Voltage Sensor Module 9
2.6 Jumper wires 10
2.7 PCB 10
2.8 Software
2.8.1 Embedded System 11
2.8.2 Arduino IDE 11

CHAPTER-3 EXPECTED OUTPUT

3.1 Expected Output 13
REFERENCES 15
 List of figures

List of Figures
Fig .No Title Page .No

2.1 Circuit Diagram 5

2.2 Arduino Nano 6

2.3 MT3608 7

2.4 Light Emitting Diode(LED) 8

2.5 Voltage Sensor Module 9

2.6 Jumper Wires 10

2.7 PCB 10

ii
 CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. Introduction:
Power electronics is one of the most abruptly growing branches in the field of
applied science. During the past decades as the size, utility and complexity of
today’s most modern electronic devices increases new techniques has been
developed to effectively power them up and create very useful devices in order to
meet various requirements such as long battery life, cheap and small power system.
To cope up with these increasing developments many innovators has come up with
various converts and control strategy. A DC-DC boost converter is an electronic
circuit. Whose output voltage is greater than the input voltage. They are also called
as step-upconverters since it steps up the input voltage.
They play an important role in renewable energy sources such as solar energy,
hybrid vehicle systems, lightning system etc. Boost converter is a class of switched
mode power supply. It consists of at least two semiconductor switches and at least
one energy storage element such as capacitor or inductor or the combination of the
both.
A power converter circuit manages the flow of electrical energy between a source
and a load. Until a few years ago, their primary use was in supplying motors in
industrial applications and in electric traction systems. Nowadays, in addition to
those fields, they are employed in very wide range of applications including
domestic applications, renewable energy systems,
FACTS (Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System), automotive…
Innovations in the field of power converters are taking place on several axes: new
generation of power semiconductors, more and more new configurations of power
converters, the use of digital devices such as microcontrollers, FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Arrays) in control circuits. Modern power converters offer a
high grade of precision, flexibility, communication capability, reliability to the end
user, with smaller sizes.
This paper presents the design of DC-DC converter bench controlled by an Arduino
card. Experiments and Proteus simulations are carried out for elementary structures
of DCDC converters such as buck, boost, buck-boost converters. Nowadays, the
development of technology cannot be separated from energy demands. An
increasing energy requirement needed power electronic circuits to support systems

Department of EEE Page 2

Chapter 1 Introduction

An that are producing a direct voltage or commonly called Direct Current

(DC). A problem obtained is to convert the desired voltage level according to desired
requirements. The development of power electronic circuits can be solving these
problems by using a DC-DC converter topology. In general, DC-DC converter
shave several topologies such as buck converter, boost converter, buck-boost
converter, and Cuk converter. In this Project, the main aim of this research.are
measured usingvoltage sensor and result will be displayed in LCD display and all
these devices are interface with Arduino nano. This module features the MT36082
Amp step up (boost) converter, which can take input voltages as low as 2V and step
up the output to as high as 28V. The MT3608 features automatic shifting to pulse
frequency modulation mode at light loads. It includes under-voltage lockout, current
limiting, and thermal overload protection.
Hardware components:

1. Arduino nano

2. MT3608 Boost converter

3. LCD display

4. Jumper wires

5. Voltage sensor

6. PCB board

1.3. Software:

1. Embedded C

2. Arduino IDE

Department of EEE Page 3

 CHAPTER-2

DESCRIPTION OF BLOCK
DIAGRAM
Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

2.1. Circuit Diagram:

Fig.2.1. Circuit Diagram

Connect the Ni-MH battery pack with the converter. Adjust the voltage to 5V with the
voltage sensor with LCD display connected on the output. Connect the ground and the
VCC from the battery with the converter's input terminals. Connect the positive output
with the 5V on the Arduino and through breadboard.

Connect the negative output with the GND on the A rduino.MT3608 module can be
used in application where voltage requirements are under 28V and current
requirements are under 2A. Therefore, this module can be used mostly in portable
equipment’s like power banks, portable power supplies etc. This module has a multi-
turn trim pot (potentiometer) that you can use to adjust the output voltage.

Since the trim pot has 25 turns of adjustment you can easily adjust the output of the
module to exactly the voltage you need.

Boost converters are a great way to easily increase a given voltage, but that boost
comesat the cost of less output current compared to input current.

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Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

2.2. Arduino Nano:

The Arduino platform has become quite popular with people just starting out
with electronics, and for good reason. Unlike most previous programmable circuit
boards, the Arduino does not need a separate piece of hardware (called a
programmer) in order to load new code onto the board – you can simply use a USB
cable. Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it
easier to learn to program. Finally, Arduino provides a standard formfactor that
breaks out thefunctions of the micro-controller into a more accessible package.

Fig.no.2.2. Arduino Nano

 There are multiple versions of this board with different connectors. Refer to the pictures
for examples. You can increase the strength by re-soldering the connector and possibly
covering the connector in epoxy glue or hot-melt glue. The micro-USB connector is not
soldered to the board very well and is easily broken.

There are multiple versions of this board with different connectors. Refer to the pictures
for examples. You can increase the strength by re-soldering the connector and possibly
covering the connector in epoxy glue or hot-melt glue.

 The 3.3V voltage regulator is a very small, knock-off device. It overheats quickly and
often has no thermal protection, feeding through its input voltage when it fails.

It's recommended to power external components with another regulator so that the
power draw on the Blue Pill does not exceed 100 mA.

 Analogue power and ground is connected directly to digital power and ground, which
can cause additional noise on the ADC input.

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Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

2.3. MT36082A

Fig.2 .3. The module features (booster module)

The MT3608 2A Max DC-DC Step Up Power Module Booster Power Mod
ule is a low-cost module that can step-up a 2 to 24V input voltage up to a 5 to 28V output at
up to 2A. DC-DC boost converters step up the input voltage to a higher voltage while also
stepping down the available current since the module can’t output more power than its
inputs.This boost converter is adjustable and capable of outputting a voltage in the range of

5.0 to 28Vat a continuous current of up to 1.5A depending on input/output voltage settings

with 1A available with most settings. Since it is a boost converter, the input voltage must be
lower than the output voltage.

The device is able to use low ESR bulk ceramic capacitors rather than electrolytic caps
which avoids long-term aging concerns and contributes to the compact packaging. The
MT3608 2A Max DC-DC Step Up Power Module Booster Power Module is a low-cost
module that can step-up a 2 to 24V input voltage up to a 5 to 28V output at up to 2A. DC-DC
boost converters step up the input voltage to a higher voltage while also stepping down the
available current since the module can’t output more power than its inputs.

This boost converter is adjustable and capable of outputting a voltage in the range of5.0 to
28Vat a continuous current of up to 1.5A depending on input/output voltage settings with
1A available with most settings

Department of EEE Page 7

Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

 input voltage: 2 v ~ 24 v

 the maximum output voltage: > 5 v – 28 v

 Efficiency: > 93%

 Mechanical properties:

 Product size: 36 mm * 17 mm * 14 mm

2.4. LIGHT EMITING DIODE (LED):

The MT3608 2A Max DC-DC Step Up Power Module Booster Power Module is a
low-cost module that can step-up a 2 to 24V input voltage up to a 5 to 28V output at
up to 2A. DC-DC boost converters step up the input voltage to a higher voltage
whilealso stepping down the available current since the module can’t output more
power than its inputs.

Fig.2.4. Light Emitting Diode (LED)

This boost converter is adjustable and capable of outputting a voltage in the range of
5.0 to 28Vat a continuous current of up to 1.5A depending on input/output voltage
settings with 1A available with most settings.
Since it is a boost converter, the input voltage must be lower than the output voltage.

The device is able to use low ESR bulk ceramic capacitors rather than electrolytic
caps which avoids long-term aging concerns and contributes to the compact
packaging.
The MT3608 converter IC has over-current and thermal limiting features built-in to

Department of EEE Page 8

Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram
2.5. Voltage Sensor Module:
Voltage Sensor is a precise low-cost sensor for measuring voltage. It is based on
principle of resistive voltage divider design. It can make the red terminal connector
input voltage to 5 times smaller. Arduino analog input voltages up to 5V, the
voltage detection module input voltage not greater than 5Vx5=25V (if using 3.3V
systems, input voltage not greater than 3.3Vx5=16.5V).
Arduino AVR chips have 10-bit AD, so this module simulates a resolution of
0.00489V (5V/1023), so the minimum voltage of input voltage detection module is
0.00489Vx5=0.02445V.
Features: -

 Voltage input range: DC 0-25V

 Voltage detection range: DC 0.02445V-25V

 Voltage Analog Resolution: 0.00489V

 DC input connector: Terminal cathode connected to VCC, GND negative pole

 Output interface: "+" connect 5/3.3V, "-" connect GND, "s" connect the
Arduino AD pins

Fig.2.5. Voltage Sensor Module Voltage Sensor Module Pin out

Voltage Detection Sensor Module Features & Specifications

Input Voltage: 0 to 25V
Voltage Detection Range: 0.02445 to 25
Analog Voltage Resolution: 0.00489V
Needs no external components

Department of EEE Page 9

Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

2.6. Jumper Wires:

A jump wire (also known as jumper, jumper wire, jumper cable, DuPont wire, or
Dupont cable – named for one manufacturer of them) is an electrical wire or group of
them in a cable with a connector or pin at each end (or sometimes without them –
simply "tinned"), which is normally used to interconnect the components of a
breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or with other equipment or
components, without soldering.

Fig.no.2.6. jumper wires

2.7. PCB:
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically
connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other
features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between
sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate. Components are generally soldered onto
the PCB to both electrically connect and mechanically fasten them to it

Fig.no.2.7.PCB

Department of EEE Page 10

Chapter 2 Description of Block Diagram

2.8. SOFTWARE:

2.8.1 Embedded System: The C computer programming language was used to

create a set of instructions for the bidirectional visitor counter to run through a C
compiler on a computer in the first place. The instruction set code is converted to into
machine language (Hex file) for it to b readable to the microcontroller. The full
instruction set code for the bidirectional visitor counter system is given.
Code: The software used for coding programmer for the cube is Arduino 1.0.2/1.5.2
and the mat lab programs require Arduino support package which is downloaded from
Arduino website.
2.8.2 , Arduino IDE:
Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and
software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button,
or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED,
publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of
instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino
programming language

Department of EEE Page 11

 CHAPTER-3

EXPECTED OUTCOMES
Chapter 3 Expected Output
3.1. EXPECTED OUTCOMES:

• The boost converter is different to the Buck Converter in that its output voltage is
equal to, or greater than its input voltage. However, it is important to remember that,
as power (P) = voltage (V) x current (I), if the output voltage is increased, the
available output current must decrease.
• Consuming only micro watts of power, this 5V-to-25V boost converter provides
low load currents with high efficiency. The efficiency is > 90% for load currents
between1mA and8mA.
• MT3608 will be used to convert voltage from Low (5v ) to High(28v)Voltage
sensor is used to check the voltage levels on the output of the LCD before
connecting other devices/modules.
• Output Ripple free DC Voltage will be maintained constant. The DC converters
which use Arduino with appropriate feedback have high efficiency.

Department of EEE Page 13

REFENECES
References:

[1] “Arduino Based Pulse Width Modulated Output Voltage Control Of A Dc-Dc Boost
Converter Using Proportional, Integral And Derivative Control Strategy,” AkarshSinha,
M. Pavithra, K.R. Sutharshan, Sarat Kumar Sahoo., AENSI.,7(11) Sept 2013, Pages: 104-
108
[2] “Complete Digital Control Method For PWM DC-DC Boost Converter,” Christian
Kranz. Power Electronics Specialist Conference, PESC '03. 2003,pp: 951 - 956 vol.2.
[3] “Design Of PI Controllers For DC-To-DC Power Supplies Via Extended
Linearization,” Sira-Ramirez, H., 1990 Int. J. Control, 51(3): 601-620.
[4] “Recent Developments In Digital Control Strategies For DC/DC Switching Power
Converters” Yan-Fei Liu, Senior Member,IEEE, Eric Meyer, Student Member, IEEE, and
Xiaodong Liu IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 24, no. 11, november 2009,
2567.
[5] “Design And Simulation Of Dc/Dc Boost Converter” Dr. Adel A. Elbaset,
MiniaUniversity,Dr. B. M. Hasaneen Winter December 23, 2008.
[6] “Digital Controller Design And Implementation On A Buck-Boost Converter For
Photovoltaic Systems” JasimAlfandy, Linfeng Zhang Department of Electrical
Engineering University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT.
[7] “Analysis, Design And Modeling Of Dc-Dc Converter Using Simulink” by
saurabhkasat Bachelor of Engineering Institute of Engineering and Technology Indore,
Madhya Pradesh State India Submitted for the requirements for the Degree of Master Of
Science December, 2004.
[8] “Power Electronics” by M.H. Rashid and P.S Bimbhra

Department of EEE Page 15

 List of Figures

List of Figures

Fig. No Title Page. No

2.1 Circuit Diagram 5

2.2 Arduino Nano 6

2.3 MT3608 7
2.4 Light Emitting Diode (LED) 8
2.5 Voltage Sensor Module 8
2.6 Jumper Wires 10
2.7 PCB 10