Lab 4

Department of Electrical Engineering
Faculty Member: ____________________ Dated: ________________
Semester: __________________________ Section: ________________
EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis
Lab 4: NODAL ANALYSIS

PLO4/CLO5 PLO5/CLO6 PLO8/CLO7 PLO9/CLO8
Name Reg. No Viva /Quiz / Analysis Modern Ethics and Safety Individual and
Lab of data in Tool Usage Teamwork
Performance Lab 5 marks
Report 5 marks 5 marks
5 marks
5 marks
EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 1

Lab 4: NODAL ANALYSIS
Introduction
This laboratory execise is meant to enble the students to accomplish nodal analysis
of simple circuits and correlate measured vaues with the theoretical calculations of
voltages and currents through various circuit elements.
Objectives
The following are the broad objectives of this lab:
 Circuit setup on bread board.
 Calculate the currents and voltages in the valarious circuit elements.
 Use the DMM as a ammeter and voltmeter to measure the various currents
and voltages.
 Explain deviations in results in case these are encountered during the
experiment.
Conduct of Lab
The students are required to work in groups of three to four; each student must
attempt to understand and use the laboratoy set-up and conduct at least one or two
parts of the requirement experimentation. The lab engineer will be available to assit
the students.
In case some aspect of the lab experiment is not understood the students are
advised to seek help from the teacher, the lab engineer.
Lab Equipment
The following equipment would be used in this experiment:
 Test test bench
 The Multimeter
 The Power Supply
 Digital Multimeter
Pre-lab:
Before coming to the lab, students must study and practice the node-voltage
method. Also review the theoretical concepts relating Kirchhoff’s voltage and
current laws.
NODE-VOLTAGE METHOD:
The node-voltage method uses KCL equations that are written at all non-
reference nodes. Recall that KCL states that the sum of all the currents at a node is
zero. The node-voltage method is comprised of the following steps:
1. Identify all the nodes in a circuit.
2. Choose one of the nodes as the reference node (usually a low potential node).

3. Assign variable names to each of the essential (non-reference) nodes. Mark
voltages as per the variable names assigned to each node e.g. va, vb, vc, etc.
4. Determine the direction of currents i.e. mark voltage polarities across each
circuit element.
5. Write a KCL equation in terms of node-voltages at each of the non-reference

nodes. The result will be (n-1) equations where n is the number of essential nodes
plus a reference node.
1) Circuit for Analysis by Nodal Analysis Method.

a) For the circuit given below use NODAL ANALYSIS to measure and calculate all
the currents and voltages for each circuit element.
The first step is to calculate the values of currents ,to accomplish do the
following.
i) Measure all the currents and voltages.
ii) Caluculate the power delivered /absorbed by each circuit element.
iii) Write thefinal set of equations necessary to calculate the currents.
iv) Fill in TABLE 1a & 1b.
I3 I5
I2
IA I4 IB
I1
CAUTION
DO NOT SWITCH ON POWER TILL YOU

FIGURE 1 HAVE GOTTEN YOUR CIRCUIT
CHECKED BY YOUR LAB INSTRUCTOR
note : must show calculations ( for calculations use back side of the page or
separate sheet if required )

THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:
S.N ELEMEN VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

O T ABSORBE
CALCULATE MEASURED CALCULATED MEASURE DDELIVE
D D RED
1 V1
2 R1
3 R2
4 R3
5 R4
6 R5
7 V2
TABLE 1a
b) Now simulate the above circuit in PSpice and record the values of voltages and
currents in the table below and find out the percentage deviation in the
measured and simulated values.
c) By using the printscreen option save the simulation in a folder on the desktop.

S.N ELEMEN VOLTAGE CURRENT %age
O T DEVIATIO
SIMULATED MEASURED SIMULATED MEASURE N
D
1 V1
2 R1
3 R2
4 R3
5 R4
6 R5
7 V2
TABLE 1b
d) Explain any discrepancies between the calculated and measured values

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2) Circuit For Analysis using Super Node Concept..

a) For the circuit given below use SUPER NODE CONCEPT calculate all the
currents and voltages for each circuit element.
Set up the circuit give below and do the following:
i) Measure all the currents and voltages.
ii) Caluculate the power delivered /absorbed by each circuit element.
iii) Fill in TABLE 2a and 2b.
CAUTION
FIGURE 2 DO NOT SWITCH ON POWER TILL YOU
HAVE GOTTEN YOUR CIRCUIT CHECKED
BY YOUR LAB INSTRUCTOR
THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:

S.N ELEMEN VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER
O T ABSORBED
CALCULATE MEASURE CALCULATE MEASURE /DELIVERE
D D D D D
1 V1
2 R1
3 R2
4 R3
5 R4
6 R5
7 R6
8 V2
9 V3
TABLE 2a
b) Now simulate the above circuit in PSpice and record the values of voltages and
currents in the table below and find out the percentage deviation in the
measured and simulated values.
c) By using the printscreen option save the simulation in a folder on the desktop.

S.N ELEMEN VOLTAGE CURRENT %age
O T DEVIATIO
SIMULATED MEASURE SIMULATED MEASURE N
D D
1 V1
2 R1
3 R2
4 R3
5 R4
6 R5
7 R6
8 V2
9 V3
TABLE 2b
a) Explain any discrepancies between the calculated and measured values

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3. Considering the time it took to measure the values of voltage and
current across the elements, and the time it took to perform nodal
analysis on paper, would you agree that nodal analysis is an effective
circuit analysis technique? Explain
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4. You have several 1KΩ and 6KΩ resistors. You are required to design a
circuit using four resistors and a 5V power supply to provide 2V at the
outputs. Note: The output will be taken across the resistor(s).
5. Please explain briefly what you have learned in this lab and any
difficulties you encountered
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Department of Electrical Engineering

Faculty Member: ____________________ Dated: ________________

Semester: __________________________ Section: ________________

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis

Lab 4: NODAL ANALYSIS

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 1

1. Identify all the nodes in a circuit.

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 2

5. Write a KCL equation in terms of node-voltages at each of the non-reference

1) Circuit for Analysis by Nodal Analysis Method.

DO NOT SWITCH ON POWER TILL YOU

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 3

S.N ELEMEN VOLTAGE CURRENT POWER

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 4

d) Explain any discrepancies between the calculated and measured values

2) Circuit For Analysis using Super Node Concept..

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 6

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 7

a) Explain any discrepancies between the calculated and measured values

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 8

EE-111: Linear Circuit Analysis Page 9

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Faculty Member: ____ Dated:

Semester: __________ Section: