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    Cavalida - OTTO Cycle Report

    Uploaded by

    Joaquin De Leon

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cavalida - OTTO Cycle Report

    Uploaded by

    Joaquin De Leon
    4 views6 pages

    Original Title

    Cavalida_OTTO Cycle Report

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4 views6 pages

    Cavalida - OTTO Cycle Report

    Uploaded by

    Joaquin De Leon

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    OTTO CYCLE REPORT

    Submitted by:
    CAVALIDA, Jose Emmanuel B.
    2020130220

    ME134L-3
    B3

    Submitted to:
    Sir Edward Ang
    Introduction
    The Otto cycle is a fundamental thermodynamic process that describes the functioning of

    spark-ignition piston engines found in vehicles like cars and motorcycles. This cycle is broken

    down into four key phases: Isentropic Compression, Constant Volume Combustion, Isentropic

    Expansion, and Constant Volume Heat Rejection. It starts with Isentropic Compression, where

    the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture, causing both pressure and temperature to rise

    without the exchange of heat. This is followed by the Constant Volume Combustion phase, during

    which the spark plug ignites the mixture, rapidly increasing pressure and temperature but

    keeping the volume constant. The third phase, Isentropic Expansion, sees the expansion of high-

    pressure gases, which drives the piston down, generating work on the crankshaft. The cycle

    wraps up with the Constant Volume Heat Rejection, where the opening of the exhaust valve

    allows heat to be expelled at a constant volume, leading to a pressure drop. The Otto cycle plays

    an essential role in the engineering and enhancement of gasoline engines, contributing

    significantly to the development of vehicles that are both efficient and powerful.

    Problem & Solution


    11.95
    To approximate an actual spark – ignition engine consider an air-standard Otto cycle that has a

    heat addition of 1800 kJ/kg of air, a compression ratio of 7, and a pressure and temperature at

    the beginning of the compression process of 90 kPa, 10C. Assuming constant specific heat,

    determine the maximum pressure and temperature of the cycle, the thermal efficiency of the

    cycle, and the mean effective pressure.


    The compression process in the Otto cycle is adiabatic (isentropic). For an isentropic

    process, we use the following relations:

    At constant volume, the heat added increases the temperature from T2 to T3.

    This is the maximum temperature.

    The pressure after heat addition at constant volume:

    This is the maximum pressure.

    The thermal efficiency of an Otto cycle is given by:

    The mean effective pressure can be found using:


    Diagrams
    Tables in Excel

    Summary

    The solution to the Otto cycle problem relies on applying the principles of

    thermodynamics and ideal gas laws to analyze the four processes within the cycle. Firstly, we treat

    the compression process as isentropic (constant entropy) and use the ideal gas law to find

    pressure and temperature after compression. Secondly, for the constant volume combustion

    process, the first law of thermodynamics is used to determine the temperature after combustion.

    We consider the heat added during combustion and the specific heat of air at constant volume.

    The thermal efficiency of the cycle is then calculated based on the temperature difference

    between the beginning and end of combustion. Finally, the net work done by the cycle is derived

    from the efficiency and heat input. With the net work and change in volume, we can calculate the

    mean effective pressure, a hypothetical pressure that would produce the same work in a constant
    pressure process. These calculations confirm the Otto cycle's principles and how they apply to the

    given engine's parameters.

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