The Association of Directors and Former Directors of

Pok Oi Hospital Limited

LEUNG SING TAK COLLEGE

MATHEMATIC
S.1 S

Name:

Class & No.: ( )

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 Content

7.1 Solving More Complicated Linear Equations in One Unknown P. 3

7.2 Applications of Solving More Complicated Linear Equations in One Unknown P. 18

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7.1 Solving More Complicated Linear Equations in One Unknown
A. Basic Knowledge (Revision of Ch. 6 Manipulations of Polynomials)
We may use polynomial to represent the objects below.

x x2 x3 y xy

 Like Terms (同類項) and Unlike Terms (異類項)

Match the like terms

• • 2x2
4 2
4x
• •

2x2y • • 4xy

–8 • •
–8 –8xy • • –8x

3x2 • • –5

3 • •
4 7 • • 3x2y

 Like Terms  Unlike Terms

✓ Same Variables
Constant Terms (常數項) NOT like terms
✓ to the Same power(s)
E.g.： E.g.： E.g.：
2 4x and 5x / 3x2 and –8x2 4x and 4y / x and –7x2
7, and –5
3 2y and 5y / –x2 y and 10x2 y 2xy, –x2 y and –3xy2

 Combining Like Terms (合併同類項)

Fill in the blanks

2 +3 = ___
1. 2x + 3x = ______x 2. –8x + 2x = ______
3. –5y – 3y = _______ 4. y – 4y = _______

5. 2 + 3x = 5x ? (Yes / No) Only can be combined.

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Quick Check
1. Simplify (化簡) 3x + 5x 2. Simplify 2x – 7x 3. Simplify – 5x + 6x

4. Simplify 3x + 5x – 2x 5. Simplify 2x – 5x + 6x 6. Simplify 3x + 4x – 8x

 Expanding the Bracket (拆括號)

Evaluate the following
E.g.1 (a) 4 (5 + 3) = (b) 4(5) + 4(3) =

E.g.2 (a) 4 (5 – 3) = (b) 4(5) – 4(3) =

E.g.3 (a) – 2(5 + 3) = (b) – 2(5) – 2(3) =

E.g.4 (a) – 2(5 – 3) = (b) – 2(5) + 2(3) =

a (m + n) = am + an

Quick Check
Expanding the following brackets:
1. 3(2 + x ) 2. 3(12 − x ) 3. 6(2 x + 1) 4. 6(2 x − 3)

5. −3(2 + 4 x) 6. −3(2 − 5 x) 7. −7(−1 + 8 x) 8. −(−5 − 2 x)

9. 5(−4 x − 3) 10. −2(−4 x + 3) 11. −3(4 x + 2) 12. −(− x + 6)

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B. Solving Equations Involving Like Terms (乘拆郁合除)
E.g.
1. Solve 4x – x = 6
Steps
1. 合 (Combine)
2. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 2
Practice
2. Solve 2x + x = 12 3. Solve 10x – 3x = 84

ANS：x=12

ANS：x=4
4. Solve 3x – 5x = – 40 5. Solve x + 6x = 14

ANS：x=2

ANS：x=20
6. Solve 2x – 7x = 15 7. Solve 6x – 8x = 14

ANS：x = –3 ANS：x = –7
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E.g.
8. Solve 9x = 35 + 4x
Steps
1. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
2. 合 (Combine)
3. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 7
Practice
9. Solve 6x = x + 20 10. Solve 7x = 45 – 2x

ANS：x=4 ANS：x=5
11. Solve 9x + 28 = 5x 12. Solve –4x + 21 = 3x

ANS：x= –7 ANS：x=3
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E.g.
13. Solve 5x – 7 = 7x + 5
Steps
1. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
2. 合 (Combine)
3. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = –6
Practice
14. Solve 5x + 3 = 9 + 2x 15. Solve 9a – 16 = 16 + 5a

ANS：x=2 ANS：a=8
16. Solve 4y + 7 = 8y – 5x 17. Solve 2z – 11 = 6z – 15

ANS：y= 3 ANS：z=2
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18. Solve 6s – 3 = 1 – 2s 19. Solve 8t + 7 = –2t – 13

ANS：s= 0.5 ANS：t= –2

20. Solve 53 – 4y = 10y – 17 21. Solve –8 – 9z = 20 – 5z

ANS：y= 5 ANS：z= –7

CW/HW:
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C. Solving Equations Involving Expanding brackets and Like Terms (乘拆郁合除)
E.g.
22. Solve 5x – 1 = 2(x + 4)
Steps
1. 拆 (Brackets)
2. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
3. 合 (Combine)
4. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 3
Practice
23. Solve 4(x + 3) = x 24. Solve –5(x – 4) = –9x

ANS：x = –4 ANS：x = –5
25. Solve 8v + 11 = 5(v + 1) 26. Solve 7x – 2(5x + 1) = 7

ANS：v = –2 ANS：x = –3
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E.g.
27. Solve –5(x + 1) = 3(5 – 3x)
Steps
1. 拆 (Brackets)
2. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
3. 合 (Combine)
4. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 5
Practice
28. Solve 2(1 – a) = 3(8 + 3a) 29. Solve 5(b + 4) = –7(4 – 3b)

ANS：a = –2 ANS：b = 3
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E.g.
30. Solve 3[5x + 2(x – 4)] = –31
Steps
1. 拆 (Brackets)
2. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
3. 合 (Combine)
4. 除 (Divide)

1
ANS： x = −
3
Practice
31. Solve 4[2x – 3(x + 1)] = –9 32. Solve 2[5(x –2) – 4x] = –15

3 5
ANS：x = − ANS：x =
4 2

CW/HW:

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D. Solving Equations Involving Fractions, Expanding brackets and Like Terms (乘拆郁合除)
E.g.
x+4
33. Solve =x
5 Steps
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

3
ANS： x = −
4
Practice
8x − 3 2 x − 15
34. Solve = −x 35. Solve = 4x
4 3

1 3
ANS： x = ANS： x = −
4 2
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E.g.
12 x
36. Solve = x + 15
7 Steps
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 21
Practice
x 3x
37. Solve =5− x 38. Solve − = 8x − 35
10 4

50
ANS： x =
11 ANS：x = 4
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E.g.
x x
39. Solve − = −15
3 8 Steps
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = –72
Practice
x x x 3x
40. Solve + = −3 41. Solve − =6
4 8 2 7

ANS：x = –8 ANS：x = 84
4x x 5x 7 x
42. Solve − = −5 43. Solve − + =2
9 6 6 8

ANS：x =18 ANS：x = 48

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E.g.
3x − 4 7 x + 3
44. Solve =
2 5 Steps
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 26
Practice
2e − 1 e + 10 2m + 5 9 − m
45. Solve = 46. Solve =
3 5 9 7

ANS：e = 5 ANS：m = 2
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E.g.
x+3 3
47. Solve = x−2 Steps
7 4
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

ANS：x = 4
Practice
3 x −1 3 4x +1
48. Solve 1 + x = 49. Solve x= −1
5 3 4 5

ANS：x = –5 ANS：x = 16

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E.g.
6 − n 2n + 3 7 − 2n
50. Solve + = Steps
4 5 20
1. 乘 (Fractions)
2. 拆 (Brackets)
3. 郁 (x on L.H.S)
4. 合 (Combine)
5. 除 (Divide)

ANS：n = –7
Practice
2 − n 8n − 1 5 − n 3n − 1 2n − 3 5n + 3
51. Solve − = 52. Solve − =
5 15 3 4 3 6

ANS：n = –3 1
ANS： n =
3

CW/HW:
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7.2 Applications of Solving More Complicated Linear Equations in One Unknown

Steps:
1. Read the question carefully. (審題)
2. Identify the unknown. (設未知數)
3. Set up an equation. (成立方程)
4. Solve the equation. (解方程)
5. Express the answer in words. (答題)

A. Mathematics Problems:
E.g.
1. The lengths of the three sides of a triangle is are x, 2x+5 and 3x. The perimeter is 41. Find x.

ANS: 6
2. The sum of two consecutive numbers ( ) is 15. Find the two numbers.

ANS: 7 and 8
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Practice
3. The product of 3 and the sum of 4 and 6x is –114. Find the value of x.

ANS: –7
4. The sum of two even consecutive numbers is 74. Find the two numbers.

ANS: 36 and 38
5. The sum of three consecutive numbers is 99. Find the three numbers.

ANS: 32, 33 and 34

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E.g.
6. Consider two consecutive numbers. If the larger number is decreased by 36, it will be half of the
smaller number. Find the larger number.

ANS: 71
Practice
7.

ANS: 12
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(B) Daily-life Problems:
B1: Comparison Problems
E.g.
8. The weight of a clip is 20 g less than the weight of a rubber (x g).
(a) Express the weight of a clip in terms of x.
(b) If the total weight of 5 clips and 2 rubbers is 600 g, set up an equation in x.

Practice
9.

10.

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E.g.
11. Tree A is 50 cm longer than tree B. If the sum of the two trees is 650 cm. Find the height of two trees.

ANS: Tree A: 300 m and Tree B: 350 m

Practice
12. A watermelon weighs 200 g more than a mango. If the sum of their weight is 900 g, find the weight of
a watermelon and a mango.

ANS: Watermelon: 550g; mango: 350 g

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E.g.
13. A peach weighs x kg. The weight of a watermelon is 7 times that of a peach.
(a) Express the weight of a watermelon in terms of x.
(b) If a watermelon is 2 kg heavier than 3 peaches,
(i) set up an equation in x,
(ii) find the value of x.

1
ANS:
2
Practice
14. Today, Peter spends x minutes on homework and Grace spends one-third as much time as Peter spends
on homework. The total time they spend on homework today is 128 minutes.
(a) Set up an equation in x.
(b) Find the value of x.

ANS: (b) 96
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B2: Quantities and Value Problems
E.g.
15. Sue buys 8 cans of coffee and milk tea for $50 in total. If the prices of a can of coffee and a can of
milk tea are $7.5 and $5 respectively, find the number of cans of coffee and milk tea Sue buys.

Numbers Prices ($)

Coffee
Milk

ANS: Coffee: 4 ; Milk tea: 4

Practice
16.

Numbers Prices ($)

Strawberries
Peaches

ANS: Strawberries: 15 ; Peaches: 5

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B3: Age Problems
E.g.
17. After 6 years, the age of Michael will be 3 times his age 2 years ago.
Find the present age (現時的年齡)of Michael.
Now 2 years ago
Michael

ANS: 6
Practice
18.

Now After 10 years

Peter

ANS: 6
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19.

Now
Sophia

ANS: 12
20.After 18 years, Frank’s age will be 4 times his age 6 years ago. Find the present age of Frank.

Now
Frank

ANS: 14

CW/HW
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