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    complexp

    Uploaded by

    Iliyan McCann
    complex exponents

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    complexp

    Uploaded by

    Iliyan McCann
    2 views3 pages
    complex exponents

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    complex exponents

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    2 views3 pages

    complexp

    Uploaded by

    Iliyan McCann
    complex exponents

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    let z1^(z2*z3) = z = r*e^(i*θ)

    Find the mistake/mistakes in the following derivations (proof).

    The complex numbers z1, z2, and z3 are given:

    z1 = x1 + i*y1 = r1*e^(i*θ1) = r1*(cosθ1 + i*sinθ1),

    z2 = x2 + i*y2 = r2*e^(i*θ2) = r2*(cosθ2 + i*sinθ2),

    z3 = x3 + i*y3 = r3*e^(i*θ3) = r3*(cosθ3 + i*sinθ3),

    where each θ includes the 2*pi*k factor (k being an integer).

    1. Let z = z1^z2 = r*e^(i*θ)

    z1^z2 = e^ln(z1^z2) = e^(z2*ln(z1)) = e^(z2*ln(r1*e^(i*θ1))) =

    e^(z2*(ln(r1) + i*θ1)) = e^((x2 + i*y2)*(ln(r1) + i*θ1)) =

    e^(x2*ln(r1) - y2*θ1)*e^(i*(y2*ln(r1) + x2*θ1)) = r*e^(i*θ)

    Meaning that:

    r = e^(x2*ln(r1) - y2*θ1) = e^((ln(r1))*r2*cosθ2 - θ1*r2*sinθ2)

    θ = y2*ln(r1) + x2*θ1 = ln(r1))*r2*sinθ2 + θ1*r2*cosθ2

    2. Let z = (z1^z2)^z3
    If we temporarily rename z1^z2 = z' = r'*e^(i*θ'), then:

    r' = e^(x2*ln(r1) - y2*θ1)

    θ' = y2*ln(r1) + x2*θ1

    At the same time z = (z1^z2)^z3 = z'^z3, so:

    r = e^(x3*ln(r') - y3*θ')

    θ = y3*ln(r') + x3*θ'

    r = e^(x3*ln(e^(x2*ln(r1) - y2*θ1)) - y3*(y2*ln(r1) + x2*θ1))

    θ = y3*ln(e^(x2*ln(r1) - y2*θ1)) + x3*(y2*ln(r1) + x2*θ1)

    r = e^(x3*x2*ln(r1) - x3*y2*θ1 - y3*y2*ln(r1) - y3*x2*θ1)

    θ = y3*x2*ln(r1) - y3*y2*θ1 + x3*y2*ln(r1) + x3*x2*θ1

    r = e^((x2*x3 - y2*y3)*ln(r1) - (x3*y2 + y3*x2)*θ1)

    θ = (x3*y2 + y3*x2)*ln(r1) + (x3*x2 - y3*y2)*θ1

    But also:

    x2*y3 + x3*y2 = r2*r3*(cosθ2*sinθ3 + cosθ3*sinθ2) = r2*r3*sin(θ2 + θ3)

    x2*x3 - y3*y2 = r2*r3*(cosθ2*cosθ3 - sinθ3*sinθ2) = r2*r3*cos(θ2 + θ3)

    Meaning that:

    r = e^(r2*r3*((cos(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) - (sin(θ2 + θ3))*θ1))

    θ = r2*r3*((sin(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) + (cos(θ2 + θ3))*θ1)


    So the expression for (z1^z2)^z3 is:

    (z1^z2)^z3 = r*e^(i*θ) =

    e^(r2*r3*((cos(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) - (sin(θ2 + θ3))*θ1))*e^(i*r2*r3*((sin(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) + (cos(θ2 +


    θ3))*θ1))

    3. On the other hand let's examine z = (z1^z3)^z2 = r*e^(i*θ). Its expressions for r and θ would be:

    r = e^(r3*r2*((cos(θ3 + θ2))*ln(r1) - (sin(θ3 + θ2))*θ1))

    θ = r3*r2*((sin(θ3 + θ2))*ln(r1) + (cos(θ3 + θ2))*θ1)

    Yet these are the same as:

    r = e^(r2*r3*((cos(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) - (sin(θ2 + θ3))*θ1))

    θ = r2*r3*((sin(θ2 + θ3))*ln(r1) + (cos(θ2 + θ3))*θ1)

    Meaning that (z1^z2)^z3 = (z1^z3)^z2

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