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Programming the Computer – Python (Grade 7 Notes).PDF

The document provides an overview of computer programming concepts, including algorithms, flowcharts, and pseudocode. It introduces Python as a high-level programming language, covering topics such as variables, data types, user input, and control structures like loops and conditional statements. Additionally, it includes practical examples and a knowledge check section to reinforce understanding.

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6 views

Programming the Computer – Python (Grade 7 Notes).PDF

The document provides an overview of computer programming concepts, including algorithms, flowcharts, and pseudocode. It introduces Python as a high-level programming language, covering topics such as variables, data types, user input, and control structures like loops and conditional statements. Additionally, it includes practical examples and a knowledge check section to reinforce understanding.

Uploaded by

fr9nyqbtrb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Computer Programming
• Giving a computer instructions (code) to perform tasks.
• Mix of logic (science) and creativity (art).
• Used to create software, websites, and automation.
2. Algorithms
• Step-by-step method to solve problems.
• Can be represented in natural language, pseudocode
or flowchart
• Used in calculations, reasoning, and data processing.
3. Flowcharts
• Visual representation of an algorithm.
• Components:
• Start/End → Rounded rectangle.
• Input/Output → Parallelogram.
• Process → Rectangle.i
• Decision → Diamond.
4. Pseudocode
• Simplified way of writing an algorithm.
• Looks like programming but is meant for humans to
understand.
• Does not include actual programming syntax.
5. What is a Program?
• A set of ordered operations that a computer follows.
• Based on John von Neumann’s concept (1945).
• Runs instructions one by one.
6. How a Program Interacts with Hardware
• Hardware → Physical components (CPU, RAM, etc.).
• Software (programs) → Tells hardware what to do.
• Firmware → Software embedded in hardware.
• Programs store and run instructions.
7. Getting Started with Python
• High-level language that is easy to read and write.
• Open-source (free to use).
• Cross-platform (works on different operating systems).
• Used for web development, automation, and scripting.
8. Python IDLE (Integrated Development and Learning
Environment)
• Built-in tool to write and run Python code.
• Easy to use for beginners.
• Comes pre-installed with Python.
9. Python Indentation
• Spaces at the start of lines to group code blocks.
• Required in Python to avoid IndentationError.
• Defines loops, conditions, and functions.
10 V i bl dD t T
10. Variables and Data Types
• Variable: A storage area for data.
• Common data types:
• Integer (int): Whole numbers (e.g., 5, -2).
• Float (float): Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14).
• String (str): Text (e.g., “Hello”).
• Boolean (bool): True/False.
11. Python Variable Naming Rules
• Must start with a letter or an underscore (_).
• Cannot start with a number.
• Can only contain letters, numbers, and underscores.
• Case-sensitive (e.g., Age and age are different).
12. Assigning Multiple Variables in One Line
• Multiple values can be assigned at once:
a, b, c = 5, "hello", 2.5
13. Printing Variables
• print() function is used to display output.
• Strings and numbers can be combined using +.
14. Comments in Python
• Start with #.
• Help explain code but are ignored by Python.
15. Python Numbers and Type Conversion
• Integer (int): Whole numbers.
• Float (float): Numbers with decimals.
• Complex (complex): Numbers with imaginary part (e.g., 5 +
3j).
• Conversion:
a=5
b = float(a) # 5.0
c = complex(a) # 5+0j
16. Mathematical Operations
• Addition (+), Subtraction (-), Multiplication (*), Division (/).
• Order of operations: Multiplication and division happen
first.
• Use () to change order.
17. User Input in Python
• input() is used to take user input.
• Default type is string, so it must be converted for
calculations.
18. Lists in Python
• A collection of multiple values.
• Created using square brackets:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

• Adding items: .append()


R i it d l li t[i d ]
g pp ()
• Removing items: del list[index]
19. Conditional Statements
• Used to make decisions in programs.

IF Statement
• Runs the if block only if the condition is true.

ELIF Statement
• Checks multiple conditions one by one.

ELSE Statement
• Runs if all other conditions fail.
20. Loops in Python
• Used to repeat tasks multiple times.

For Loop
• Runs n times based on range(n).

Finding the Highest Marks in a List


marks = [70, 80, 92.5, 60.2]
maxMarks = 0
for mark in marks:
if mark > maxMarks:
maxMarks = mark
print("Highest marks:", maxMarks)
• Iterates over a list to find the maximum value.
21. Knowledge Check
✅ What is a computer program?
A sequence of instructions given to a computer.
✅ How is firmware different from regular software?
Firmware is embedded in hardware, while regular software can be installed or removed.
✅ Why is Python easy to learn?
It has simple, readable syntax.
✅ What is indentation in Python?
Spaces at the start of a line to show which lines belong together.
✅ How do you create a variable?
By assigning a value, e.g., x = 10.
✅ What are the three types of numbers in Python?
Integer (int), Float (float), Complex (complex).
✅ What function prints output?
print().
✅ What symbol is used for multiplication?
*.
✅ How do you take user input?
Using input().
✅ What does an if-elif-else statement do?
✅H d
It checks conditions and runs code accordingly.
t li t?
✅ How do you create a list? gy

Using square brackets, e.g., fruits = ["apple", "banana"].


✅ How do you add an item to a list?
Using .append().
✅ How do you remove an item from a list?
Using del list[index].
✅ What is a for loop used for?
To repeat a task multiple times

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