‭PROGRAM: 8‬

‭AIM:‬‭Write a Java program to demonstrate applet programming.‬

‭ VERVIEW:‬‭Java applets were small applications written‬‭in the Java programming language‬
O
‭that could be embedded in web pages and run within a web browser. They were originally used‬
‭to add interactivity, multimedia, and dynamic content to websites. Java applets were popular in‬
‭the late 1990s and early 2000s but have largely been replaced by newer web technologies due to‬
‭security concerns and changes in browser support.‬

‭Purpose:‬

‭●‬ J‭ ava applets were designed to be‬‭platform-independent‬‭,‬‭meaning they could run on any‬
‭operating system that had a‬‭Java Virtual Machine (JVM)‬‭installed.‬
‭●‬ ‭They were often used for‬‭interactive web applications,‬‭games, charts, scientific‬
‭simulations,‬‭and‬‭multimedia presentations‬‭on websites.‬

‭How They Worked:‬

<applet>‬‭tag (in older browsers) or‬

‭●‬ ‭Applets were embedded in‬‭HTML pages‬‭using the‬‭
‭object>‬‭tag.‬
<
‭ ‬ ‭The browser would download the applet and run it inside a special‬‭"applet viewer"‬‭or‬
●
‭applet container‬‭provided by the JVM.‬
‭●‬ ‭Applets had‬‭restricted access to system resources‬‭for security reasons, operating in a‬
‭"sandbox" environment‬‭.‬

‭End of Java Applets:‬

‭‬ A
● ‭ s of‬‭2015‬‭, Oracle officially‬‭deprecated Java applets‬‭and the‬‭NPAPI plugin‬‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭By‬‭2017‬‭, most browsers stopped supporting them entirely.‬
‭●‬ ‭Java applets are now considered‬‭obsolete‬‭in favor‬‭of modern web development standards.‬

‭CODE:‬

‭import javax.swing.JFrame;‬

‭import javax.swing.JLabel;‬

‭import javax.swing.SwingConstants;‬
‭public class program_8 {‬

‭public static void main(String[] args) {‬

‭JFrame frame = new JFrame("Sudhanwa's Applet Application");‬

‭JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello, World!", SwingConstants.CENTER);‬

‭frame.add(label);‬

‭frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);‬

‭frame.setSize(300, 200);‬

‭frame.setVisible(true);‬

‭}‬

‭}‬

‭OUTPUT:‬
 ‭PROGRAM: 9‬
‭AIM:‬‭Write an applet for event handling which prints‬‭a message when Clicked on a button.‬

‭OVERVIEW:‬

‭ vent handling was an essential aspect of Java applets, enabling user interaction with the applet.‬
E
‭Java’s event-handling model allows applets to respond to various actions, such as mouse clicks,‬
‭keyboard inputs, and other user interactions.‬

J‭ ava applets followed the listener-based model, where an event (e.g., a mouse click) triggered a‬
‭method in a listener object that responded to that event.‬

‭Event-Driven Programming:‬

‭●‬ J‭ ava applets are‬‭event-driven‬‭, meaning they do not‬‭run continuously in a loop but‬
‭instead‬‭respond to user actions‬‭such as:‬
‭○‬ ‭Mouse movements, clicks, and drags‬
‭○‬ ‭Keyboard presses‬
‭○‬ ‭System-generated events‬‭(e.g., window resizing)‬
‭●‬ ‭When an event occurs, the‬‭appropriate event handler‬‭method‬‭is called automatically.‬

‭Event Sources:‬

‭‬ T
● ‭ he‬‭event source‬‭is the object that generates an event.‬
‭●‬ ‭Examples of event sources in Java applets:‬
‭○‬ ‭Buttons (‬‭
JButton‬ ‭)‬
‭○‬ ‭Text fields (‬‭
JTextField‬
‭)‬
‭○‬ ‭Applet’s graphical area (‬‭
Canvas‬
‭)‬

‭Event Listeners:‬

‭●‬ T ‭ o handle events, applets must register an event listener, which is a Java interface‬
‭defining methods for handling specific events.‬
‭●‬ ‭Examples of event listeners:‬
‭○‬ ‭
MouseListener‬‭→‬‭Handles mouse events‬
‭‬ ‭
○ KeyListener‬‭→‬‭Handles keyboard events‬
‭ ‬ ‭How event listeners work:‬
●
‭○‬ ‭They listen for a specific event (e.g., button click).‬
‭○‬ ‭When the event occurs, they call the corresponding handler method automatically.‬
‭Event Handling Process:‬

‭1.‬ ‭Registering Listeners:‬

‭○‬ ‭The applet must register the appropriate listener(s) with the event source.‬
‭○‬ ‭Example: Registering a‬‭ MouseListener‬‭to respond to‬‭mouse clicks on a‬
‭button.‬
‭2.‬ ‭Event Occurrence:‬
‭○‬ ‭When an event occurs (e.g., the user clicks a button), the event source triggers the‬
‭event.‬
‭3.‬ ‭Listener Response:‬
‭○‬ ‭The registered listener detects the event and invokes the corresponding‬
‭event-handling method.‬
‭4.‬ ‭Event Handling Method:‬
‭○‬ ‭The applet implements the method(s) from the listener interface (e.g.,‬
mouseClicked()‬‭for mouse events).‬
‭
‭○‬ ‭The method performs the desired action such as:‬
‭■‬ ‭Drawing a shape‬
‭■‬ ‭Changing text‬
‭■‬ ‭Displaying a message‬

‭CODE:‬

‭import java.awt.*;‬

‭import javax.swing.*;‬

‭public class SwingApplet {‬

‭public static void main(String[] args) {‬

‭JFrame frame = new JFrame("Swing Applet Programming Demonstration");‬

‭frame.setSize(300, 200);‬

‭frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);‬

‭frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());‬

‭JButton button = new JButton("Click Me!");‬

‭button.addActionListener(e ->‬
 J‭ OptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Hello, Applet!", "Message",‬
‭JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE)‬

‭);‬

‭frame.add(button);‬

‭frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);‬

‭frame.setVisible(true);‬

‭}‬

‭}‬

‭OUTPUT:‬
 ‭PROGRAM: 10‬
‭AIM:‬‭Implement painting using MouseDragged() method‬‭of MouseMotionlistener in Applet.‬

‭OVERVIEW:‬

J‭ ava applets (though deprecated in modern browsers) were used in the past for creating graphical‬
‭user interface (GUI) applications embedded in web pages. They were commonly used for‬
‭interactive applications like games, drawing tools, and simulations.‬

I‭ n this context, we will focus on creating a simple painting applet that allows users to draw on‬
‭the screen using mouse dragging.‬

mouseDragged()‬
‭Key Concepts in Applet Painting Using‬‭

‭1. Applet Basics:‬

‭●‬ A ‭ n applet is a special Java program designed to be embedded in a web page and run‬
‭inside a browser.‬
‭●‬ ‭Due to security and compatibility issues, applets are now mostly obsolete.‬
‭●‬ ‭In an applet, methods like‬‭paint(Graphics g)‬‭or‬‭ update(Graphics‬‭ g)‬‭are‬
‭used for drawing tasks.‬

MouseMotionListener‬‭Interface:‬
‭2.‬‭

MouseMotionListener‬‭interface provides methods‬‭to track mouse movements. The‬

‭ he‬‭
T
‭two key methods are:‬

‭●‬ m‭ouseMoved(MouseEvent e)‬‭→ Triggered when the mouse‬‭moves‬‭without being‬

‭dragged‬‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭mouseDragged(MouseEvent e)‬‭→ Triggered when the mouse‬‭moves while the‬
‭mouse button is held down‬‭.‬

mouseDragged()‬‭in Action:‬
‭3.‬‭

‭●‬ W mouseDragged()‬‭method is called‬

‭ hen a user‬‭clicks and drags the mouse‬‭, the‬‭
‭continuously‬‭, providing the‬‭current mouse position‬‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭By capturing these‬‭mouse coordinates‬‭and updating‬‭the graphics, we can‬‭simulate a‬
‭drawing or painting effect‬‭.‬
‭4. Graphics Update:‬

‭●‬ T ‭ he‬‭ mouseDragged()‬‭method invokes‬‭drawing operations‬‭using the‬‭

Graphics‬
‭object‬‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭The graphics can be‬‭updated dynamically‬‭to draw:‬
‭○‬ ‭Lines‬
‭○‬ ‭Shapes‬
‭○‬ ‭Custom graphics‬
paint(Graphics‬‭
‭●‬ ‭Typically, the‬‭drawing happens inside the‬‭ g)‬‭method‬‭, using‬
g.drawLine()‬
‭ g.fillOval()‬
‭,‬‭ ‭, etc.‬

‭CODE:‬

‭import javax.swing.*;‬

‭import java.awt.*;‬

‭import java.awt.event.*;‬

‭import java.util.ArrayList;‬

‭import java.util.List;‬

‭public class program10 extends JFrame {‬

‭private final List<Point> points = new ArrayList<>();‬

‭public program_10() {‬

‭setTitle("Applet Paint App");‬

‭setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);‬

‭setSize(800, 600);‬

‭setLocationRelativeTo(null);‬

‭DrawingPanel drawingPanel = new DrawingPanel();‬

‭add(drawingPanel);‬

‭setVisible(true);‬

‭}‬
‭class DrawingPanel extends JPanel implements MouseMotionListener {‬

‭public DrawingPanel() {‬

‭addMouseMotionListener(this);‬

‭}‬

‭@Override‬

‭public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {‬

‭super.paintComponent(g);‬

‭g.setColor(Color.BLACK);‬

‭for (Point p : points) {‬

‭g.fillRect(p.x, p.y, 4, 4);‬

‭}‬

‭}‬

‭@Override‬

‭public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {‬

‭points.add(e.getPoint());‬

‭repaint();‬

‭}‬

‭@Override‬

‭public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {‬

‭}‬

‭}‬

‭public static void main(String[] args) {‬

 ‭SwingUtilities.invokeLater(program10::new);‬

‭}‬

‭}‬

‭OUTPUT:‬